CN111174751B - Portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument and adjusting method and application thereof - Google Patents
Portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument and adjusting method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111174751B CN111174751B CN201911372789.2A CN201911372789A CN111174751B CN 111174751 B CN111174751 B CN 111174751B CN 201911372789 A CN201911372789 A CN 201911372789A CN 111174751 B CN111174751 B CN 111174751B
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- antenna
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- photoelectric
- optical telescope
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/53—Determining attitude
- G01S19/54—Determining attitude using carrier phase measurements; using long or short baseline interferometry
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of attitude measurement, and particularly relates to a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measurement instrument and an adjusting method and application thereof: by combining the technical scheme of the GNSS dual-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder, the direction and the attitude of the antenna can be measured, the operation is convenient, and the overhead operation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of attitude measurement, and particularly relates to a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measurement instrument and an adjusting method and application thereof.
Background
Since mobile communication operators put forward antenna engineering parameter measurement and want to realize route optimization design, various direction and attitude detectors of mobile communication antennas are continuously developed successfully, and a north indicator using a magnetic signal is utilized; a direction finder utilizing sum and difference beams and satellite signals; the most practical and most practical direction and posture measuring instrument which firstly uses the double-antenna carrier phase interference measurement of the Satellite signals of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has the most application value, the angle measurement precision can be less than 1 degree, the angle measuring instruments can be externally arranged at the upper end of an outer housing of a mobile antenna and can also be internally arranged in the mobile antenna and are already applied to the mobile network, but the angle measuring and posture measuring instruments are fixedly arranged on the mobile antenna, when the adjustment and maintenance are needed, a maintenance worker has to climb on a base station iron tower to carry out high-altitude operation to finish the service, the operation is troublesome, whether another type of angle measuring and posture measuring instrument is developed can conveniently test the installation direction and the posture of the mobile antenna on the ground without fixedly holding the angle measuring and posture measuring instrument on the mobile antenna of the base station, thereby the coverage direction and the range of antenna beams can be judged in time, can also verify whether the accuracy of the direction and attitude measuring instrument mounted on the mobile antenna is qualified? Is there a fault? The antenna can be directly arranged on the ground to complete the work of inspection, calibration, adjustment, maintenance and the like, so that the operation is convenient, the high-altitude operation is reduced, the high-altitude operation is even avoided, the structural equipment forming the whole antenna can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. The design idea as above is always an important topic in the field of antenna attitude measurement.
For example, the patent document CN201910129039.6 of the chinese patent application number discloses a multi-antenna GNSS carrier phase precision attitude measurement method considering baseline deformation, which includes the following steps: 3 antennas are distributed on a carrier to form 2 base lines, and the 2 base lines form a carrier coordinate system; calibrating the geometric vectors of each base line in advance under the carrier coordinate system; acquiring original pseudo ranges and carrier phase observed quantities output by receivers corresponding to 3 antennas; constructing a double-difference observed quantity between baselines by utilizing the generated original pseudo-range and the carrier phase observed quantity; constructing a posture measuring model based on a measuring domain by taking the posture information as a state quantity; and (4) considering the baseline deformation factor, and constructing a random model considering the baseline deformation.
The prior art discloses a multi-antenna GNSS carrier phase precision attitude measurement method considering baseline deformation, and the prior art still needs to arrange antennas on a carrier to finish attitude measurement, namely the technical problem is solved.
Based on the technical problems in the prior art, the inventor provides a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument and an adjusting method and application thereof by combining research experiences of many years.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument and an adjusting method and application thereof, and the technical scheme of combining an optical telescope with a GNSS dual-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder is adopted to realize the measurement of the direction and the attitude of an antenna, facilitate the operation and reduce the overhead operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument comprises:
the GNSS dual-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder is parallel to the optical lens barrel, and the reflector is perpendicular to the optical telescope.
Furthermore, the optical telescope is erected through a lens cone support, and the lens cone support comprises an adjusting supporting leg, an operating platform arranged at the top end of the adjusting supporting leg, an azimuth rotating shaft arranged on the operating platform and used for adjusting the azimuth of the optical telescope, and a pitching rotating shaft arranged on the azimuth rotating shaft and used for adjusting the pitching angle of the optical telescope.
Further, the GNSS dual-antenna short-baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder comprises a dual antenna capable of receiving GNSS signals and a receiver connected with the dual antenna.
Furthermore, a reflector on the outer cover of the antenna to be measured is perpendicular to the pointing direction of the antenna to be measured.
Furthermore, a leveling bubble and a compass are arranged on the operating platform.
Furthermore, the receiver is provided with a signal processing module for processing the GNSS signal and a resolving module for resolving ambiguity of the processed signal.
Furthermore, the receiver is also provided with an output interface, the output interface is connected with a wireless transmission chip, and the wireless transmission chip can be connected to a mobile network platform or a computer.
The invention also provides an adjusting method of the portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: erecting a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument according to the arrangement position of a reflector on an outer cover of the antenna to be measured, adjusting an adjusting support leg of a lens cone bracket to enable an operating platform to be horizontal, and adjusting the north orientation according to a compass;
and 2, step: switching on a power supply of the optical telescope, lighting a bulb in an ocular lens of the optical telescope, and adjusting an azimuth rotating shaft and a pitching rotating shaft of the optical telescope to enable a reflected cross-hair image of the auto-collimation ocular lens to return to enter the lens barrel;
and step 3: observing a vertical direction deviation angle delta alpha and a horizontal direction deviation angle delta beta of a reflected cross hair image of the autocollimating ocular lens and a cross hair image in the ocular lens on the ocular lens;
and 4, step 4: recording angle measurement values, vertical deflection angles alpha and horizontal deflection angles beta of a GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder arranged above an optical lens cone;
and 5: then alpha-delta alpha, beta-delta beta are the pointing angle values alpha 'and beta' of the mobile antenna beam;
and 6: comparing alpha 'and beta' with the angle measurement value of the direction-finding and posture-measuring instrument installed on the mobile antenna, and verifying the usability of the portable antenna photoelectric direction-finding and posture-measuring instrument.
The invention also provides application of the portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument in measurement of the attitude angle of the mobile antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument solves the direction finding problem of a mobile antenna without the direction and attitude measuring instrument, the measuring method is simple to operate, workers do not need to climb a tower frequently any more, the working intensity and difficulty of the workers can be reduced, meanwhile, the composition of the whole antenna structure can be simplified, and the development cost can be reduced.
2. The portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument has strong practicability, can directly measure the direction of an antenna which is not provided with the direction and posture measuring instrument on the ground, can select the antenna which is arranged on a base station iron tower and is not provided with the direction and posture measuring instrument, can not do the reformation of increasing the direction and posture measuring instrument, and can carry out real-time calibration in time on the antenna provided with the direction and posture measuring instrument.
3. The portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument is provided with the GNSS carrier signal differential coherent direction-finding device, and the direction-finding precision is higher.
4. The portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument can measure and calibrate an azimuth pointing angle in a horizontal plane and can also measure and calibrate a pitch angle, and is not like a direction angle value measured by an inertial sensor device being a relative angle change value and a direction angle value measured being an absolute direction angle measurement value, and the absolute direction angle measurement value does not need to be converted, so that the portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument is visual and convenient to use.
5. The portable antenna photoelectric direction-finding and attitude-detecting instrument has low manufacturing cost, the lens cone and the bracket can use the existing devices such as an astronomical telescope, and the like, and particularly has low requirements on the bracket, the bracket installation and alignment, and the optical telescope lens cone for measurement, and the measurement can be carried out by using the plane of the antenna shell, and the measurement is better if a reflecting cursor is adhered on the plane of the antenna shell.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument according to this embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application of the optical telescope in the embodiment;
fig. 3 is a deviation angle between the cross-hair image in the eyepiece and the reflected cross-hair image in the present embodiment.
In the figure, 1-optical telescope, 11-lens cone support, 111-adjusting support leg, 112-operating platform, 113-azimuth rotating shaft, 114-elevation rotating shaft and 2-GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention may be more clearly understood, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument includes:
the phase difference coherent direction finder comprises an optical telescope 1, a GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase difference coherent direction finder 2 arranged above an optical lens barrel of the optical telescope 1 and a reflector (not shown) arranged on an outer cover of an antenna to be measured, wherein the optical telescope 1 is provided with an auto-collimation eyepiece, the GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase difference coherent direction finder 2 is parallel to the optical lens barrel, the reflector is perpendicular to the optical telescope 1, and specifically, the reflector is perpendicular to an optical axis of the optical telescope 1.
The optical telescope 1 is erected through a lens barrel support 11, and the lens barrel support 11 comprises an adjusting supporting leg 111, an operating platform 112 mounted at the top end of the adjusting supporting leg 111, an azimuth rotating shaft 113 arranged on the operating platform 112 and used for adjusting the azimuth of the optical telescope 1, and a pitching rotating shaft 114 arranged on the azimuth rotating shaft 113 and used for adjusting the pitching angle of the optical telescope 1.
In this embodiment, the number of the adjusting legs 111 may be 3 or 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the projection light of the optical telescope 1 with the auto-collimation eyepiece is projected onto the reflector on the measured antenna housing, the projection light is reflected by the reflection of the reflector, the reflection light is also projected onto the eyepiece of the optical telescope 1 by adjusting the angle of the optical telescope, as shown in fig. 3, the projection light generates a cross-hair image in the eyepiece on the eyepiece, the reflected light generates a reflected cross-hair image in the eyepiece, and the vertical deviation angle Δ α and the horizontal deviation angle Δ β of the reflected cross-hair image and the cross-hair image in the eyepiece can be obtained on the eyepiece.
The GNSS dual-antenna short-baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder 2 comprises a dual antenna capable of receiving GNSS signals and a receiver connected with the dual antenna.
In this embodiment, the housing of the antenna to be tested is planar; the reflector is also planar.
In this embodiment, the reflector on the casing of the antenna under test is perpendicular to the pointing direction of the antenna under test.
The operating platform 112 is provided with a leveling bubble and a compass.
The receiver is provided with a signal processing module for processing the GNSS signals and a resolving module for resolving the carrier integer ambiguity of the processed signals.
In this embodiment, after the dual antenna receives the GNSS signal, the GNSS signal is filtered, amplified, down-converted to the intermediate frequency and the intermediate frequency carrier signal by the signal processing module, and then the ambiguity is resolved by the resolving module.
The receiver is further provided with an output interface, the output interface is connected with a wireless transmission chip, and the wireless transmission chip can be connected to a mobile network platform or a computer.
An adjusting method of a portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument is realized by the following steps:
step 1: erecting a portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument according to the arrangement position of a reflective sheet on the outer cover of the antenna to be measured, adjusting an adjusting support leg of a lens cone bracket to enable an operating platform to be horizontal, and adjusting the north orientation according to a compass;
and 2, step: switching on a power supply of the optical telescope, lighting a bulb in an ocular lens of the optical telescope, and adjusting an azimuth rotating shaft and a pitching rotating shaft of the optical telescope to enable a reflected cross-hair image of the auto-collimation ocular lens to return to enter the lens barrel;
and step 3: observing a vertical direction deviation angle delta alpha and a horizontal direction deviation angle delta beta of a reflected cross hair image of the autocollimating ocular lens and a cross hair image in the ocular lens on the ocular lens;
and 4, step 4: angle measurement values of a GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder arranged above an optical lens cone: recording a vertical deflection angle alpha and a horizontal deflection angle beta;
and 5: then alpha-delta alpha, beta-delta beta are the pointing angle values alpha 'and beta' of the mobile antenna beam;
step 6: comparing alpha 'and beta' with the angle measurement value of the direction-finding and posture-measuring instrument installed on the mobile antenna, and verifying the usability of the portable antenna photoelectric direction-finding and posture-measuring instrument.
In step 1 of this embodiment, the portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument is placed on the open ground beside the base station.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the principle of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a portable antenna photoelectricity direction finding surveys appearance which characterized in that includes:
the GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder is parallel to the optical lens barrel, and the reflector is perpendicular to the optical telescope;
the GNSS double-antenna short-baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder comprises double antennas capable of receiving GNSS signals and a receiver connected with the double antennas;
the receiver is provided with a signal processing module for processing the GNSS signal and a resolving module for resolving ambiguity of the processed signal;
the optical telescope is erected through a lens cone support, and the lens cone support comprises an adjusting supporting leg, an operating platform arranged at the top end of the adjusting supporting leg, an azimuth rotating shaft arranged on the operating platform and used for adjusting the azimuth of the optical telescope, and a pitching rotating shaft arranged on the azimuth rotating shaft and used for adjusting the pitching angle of the optical telescope.
2. The portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the reflector on the housing of the antenna under test is perpendicular to the pointing direction of the antenna under test.
3. The portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein a leveling bubble and a compass are disposed on the operation platform.
4. The portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the receiver is further provided with an output interface, the output interface is connected with a wireless transmission chip, and the wireless transmission chip can be connected to a mobile network platform or a computer.
5. An adjustment method of a portable antenna photoelectric direction and attitude measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
step 1: erecting a portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument according to the arrangement position of a reflective sheet on the outer cover of the antenna to be measured, adjusting an adjusting support leg of a lens cone bracket to enable an operating platform to be horizontal, and adjusting the north orientation according to a compass;
step 2: switching on a power supply of the optical telescope, lighting a bulb in an ocular lens of the optical telescope, and adjusting an azimuth rotating shaft and a pitching rotating shaft of the optical telescope to enable a reflected cross-hair image of the auto-collimation ocular lens to return to enter the lens barrel;
and step 3: observing a vertical direction deviation angle delta alpha and a horizontal direction deviation angle delta beta of a reflected cross hair image of the auto-collimation eyepiece and a cross hair image in the eyepiece on the eyepiece;
and 4, step 4: angle measurement values of a GNSS double-antenna short baseline carrier phase differential coherent direction finder arranged above an optical lens cone: recording a vertical deflection angle alpha and a horizontal deflection angle beta;
and 5: then alpha-delta alpha, beta-delta beta are the pointing angle values alpha 'and beta' of the mobile antenna beam;
step 6: comparing alpha 'and beta' with the angle measurement value of the direction-finding and posture-measuring instrument installed on the mobile antenna, and verifying the usability of the portable antenna photoelectric direction-finding and posture-measuring instrument.
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| CN201911372789.2A CN111174751B (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Portable antenna photoelectric direction and posture measuring instrument and adjusting method and application thereof |
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| CN111174751B true CN111174751B (en) | 2022-09-02 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3057072A1 (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-06 | Centre National D'etudes Spatiales | GNSS REFLECTOMETRY METHOD AND DEVICE |
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| US7298325B2 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2007-11-20 | Raytheon Company | Technique for accurate estimate of large antenna inertial two dimensional orientation using relative GPS spatial phase |
| CN101114402A (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2008-01-30 | 金连河 | Full-station instrument automatically accurate collimating system |
| CN102735210B (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-11-19 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Antenna assembly detection method |
| CN106323229A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-01-11 | 北京控制与电子技术研究所 | Orienting theodolite based on satellite orientation |
| CN108226960A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 北京日月九天科技有限公司 | A kind of astronomical telescope that Global Navigation Satellite System direction-measuring function is configured |
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| FR3057072A1 (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-06 | Centre National D'etudes Spatiales | GNSS REFLECTOMETRY METHOD AND DEVICE |
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| Title |
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| 采用调零天线阵测向解GNSS姿态仪的整周模糊度;石荣等;《全球定位系统》;20171231(第06期);全文 * |
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