CN111174576B - Method for adjusting temperature curve of kiln system by using brick with temperature - Google Patents
Method for adjusting temperature curve of kiln system by using brick with temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN111174576B CN111174576B CN201911394129.4A CN201911394129A CN111174576B CN 111174576 B CN111174576 B CN 111174576B CN 201911394129 A CN201911394129 A CN 201911394129A CN 111174576 B CN111174576 B CN 111174576B
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
- F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for adjusting a temperature curve of a kiln system by using bricks with temperature, which comprises the steps of soaking the bricks with temperature, the water absorption of which is 10-20%, in water and then putting the soaked bricks into a firing kiln for firing, extracting smoke of a preheating section and an oxidation section of the firing kiln by an exhaust fan during firing to enter the front end of a drying kiln, namely a wet-cold drying section, and extracting waste gas of a slow cooling section and a quick cooling section to enter the rear end of the drying kiln, namely a dry-cold drying section; the flue gas in the preheating section and the oxidation section can have reasonable humidity through soaking, so that the probability of drying crack is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the waste gas is extracted, so that the aim of controlling the temperature curve of the firing kiln can be fulfilled, and the comprehensive utilization of heat can be realized. The required adjusting means is simple and practical, and the temperature curve of the kiln can be effectively maintained to be stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tile kilns, in particular to a method for adjusting a temperature curve of a kiln system by using bricks with temperatures.
Background
Most of the existing ceramic tile manufacturers use a roller kiln for drying and firing, and the roller kiln is continuously produced for 24 hours. In the continuous production process, in order to stabilize the quality of the product, the temperature, atmosphere and pressure of the kiln are required to be kept stable. However, with the development of the ceramic tile industry, the ceramic tile decoration is more and more diversified, so that more and more production is carried out in the production process, and more kiln empty phenomena are caused, namely, no brick enters the kiln, so that the kiln is empty; the empty kiln can directly generate great influence on the temperature, atmosphere and pressure of the kiln, the direct harm is that bricks are fed again after the empty kiln, and the bricks burnt under abnormal temperature, atmosphere and pressure basically cannot meet the quality control requirement, so that the defective rate is increased.
On the other hand, the kilns of ceramic manufacturers are divided into drying kilns and firing kilns; among them, in order to recycle energy, exhaust gas from a firing kiln is generally extracted into a drying kiln to dry a green compact. When the temperature curve and the atmosphere of the kiln are changed, the temperature curve and the atmosphere of the drying kiln are also changed correspondingly, so that the drying kiln is easy to generate edge cracks and other defects.
A better method is to put the brick with temperature when the kiln is empty, and take away certain heat through the brick with temperature, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the firing curve. The brick with temperature of the existing porcelain brick kiln is generally a blank body without glaze which is sintered by the same formula and the same kiln. The brick with temperature is high in strength, but is easy to break in the cyclic sintering process, and short in service life. In addition, the heat taken away by the porcelain brick with the temperature is less, and the stability of the whole kiln system is not good for maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for adjusting a temperature curve of a kiln system by using a brick with a temperature, which can effectively maintain the stability of the kiln system and improve the yield of products.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a method for adjusting a temperature curve of a kiln system by using bricks with temperatures, wherein the kiln system comprises a drying kiln, a firing kiln and a conveying device for connecting the drying kiln and the firing kiln;
the sintering kiln sequentially comprises a preheating section, an oxidation section, a sintering section, a slow cooling section and a quick cooling section; the oxidation section is provided with a first air draft fan for collecting the flue gas of the preheating section and the oxidation section; the quenching section is provided with a second air draft fan for collecting waste gas of the slow cooling section and the quenching section;
the drying kiln sequentially comprises a damp-heat drying section and a dry-heat drying section; the damp-heat drying section is provided with a first pipeline connected to a first air draft fan, and the dry-heat drying section is provided with a second pipeline connected to a second air draft fan;
the method for adjusting the temperature curve of the kiln system by using the brick with the temperature comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the brick with the temperature in water for 1-5 minutes, fishing out and draining;
(2) putting the drained bricks with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the bricks with the temperature into a firing kiln for firing; in the firing process, the brick with the temperature sequentially passes through a preheating section, an oxidation section, a firing section, a slow cooling section and a quenching section; the flue gas of the preheating section and the oxidation section is pumped into a first pipeline through a first air draft fan and injected into a damp and hot drying section of the drying kiln; pumping waste gas generated in the quenching section and the slow cooling section into a second pipeline through a second air draft fan, and injecting the waste gas into a dry heat drying section of the drying kiln;
the water absorption rate of the brick with the temperature is 10-20%, and the breaking strength is 25-45 MPa.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the firing kiln is also provided with an emptying device, and the first air draft fan is connected with the emptying device through a smoke exhaust pipe; the second exhaust fan is connected with the emptying device through a heat exhaust pipe;
the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipe and the heat exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve;
the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) closing the first valve and the second valve; increasing the opening degrees of the third valve and the fourth valve to 60-100%;
(2.2) putting the drained brick with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the brick with the temperature into a firing kiln;
(2.3) after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 5-15 minutes, increasing the opening degree of the first valve to 20-50%; the opening degree of the third valve is reduced to 10-40%;
(2.4) after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 35-45 minutes, increasing the opening degree of the second valve to 10-50%; and increasing the opening degree of the fifth valve to 60-100%.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the drying kiln is further provided with a moisture absorption device, the moisture absorption device is connected with the drying kiln through a moisture exhaust pipe, and the moisture exhaust pipe is further provided with a fifth valve;
the step (2.3) is as follows: after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 5-15 minutes, the opening degree of the first valve is increased to 20-50%, the opening degree of the third valve is reduced to 10-40%, and the opening degree of the fifth valve is reduced to 20-50%.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the maximum temperature of the drying kiln is 150-300 ℃;
the maximum temperature of the firing kiln is 1100-1300 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the brick with the temperature is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of roller waste, 10-25 parts of magnesia, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 1-5 parts of polished tile waste residue, 30-40 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of potassium sodium sand and 0.5-1.5 parts of binder.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the content of MgO in the magnesia soil is 15-25 wt%, and SiO is255-70 wt% of Al2O3The content of (B) is 0.5-5 wt%.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, Al in the fly ash2O3The content of the CaO is 30-45 wt%, and the content of the CaO is 5-15 wt%.
The roller bar waste is corundum mullite roller bar waste, and Al of the corundum mullite roller bar waste2O3The content is 50-80 wt%.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the binder is one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, lignin, polyvinyl alcohol and starch.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the brick with the temperature is obtained by mixing raw materials, ball milling, spray drying, pressing and sintering; the firing temperature is 1100-1300 ℃.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a method for regulating a temperature curve of a kiln system by using bricks with temperature for management, which comprises the steps of soaking the bricks with temperature, the water absorption of which is 10-20%, in water and then putting the soaked bricks into a firing kiln for firing, pumping flue gas of a preheating section and an oxidation section of the firing kiln into the front end of a drying kiln, namely a wet-cold drying section, and pumping waste gas of a slow cooling section and a quench section into the rear end of the drying kiln, namely a dry-cold drying section, during firing; the flue gas in the preheating section and the oxidation section can have reasonable humidity through soaking, so that the probability of drying crack is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the waste gas is extracted, so that the aim of controlling the temperature curve of the firing kiln can be fulfilled, and the comprehensive utilization of heat can be realized. The required adjusting means is simple and practical, and the temperature curve of the kiln can be effectively maintained to be stable.
In addition, the brick with the temperature is prepared from roll bar waste, magnesia, bentonite, polished brick waste residue, fly ash, potassium sodium sand and an adhesive; wherein, the magnesia provides Mg which can react with the roller bar waste with high aluminum content and the fly ash to form cordierite, thereby improving the thermal shock resistance of the brick with the temperature; the roller waste with high aluminum content and the fly ash can generate mullite in the firing process, so that the breaking strength and the thermal shock resistance of the brick with the temperature are improved; the combination of the two can prolong the service life of the brick with the temperature. The waste polished brick slag can increase the porosity of the brick with the temperature, improve the water absorption rate of the brick with the temperature, reduce the heat conductivity coefficient, improve the heat capacity, facilitate the full taking away of the heat of the kiln and maintain the stable temperature curve of the kiln.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The invention provides a method for adjusting a temperature curve of a kiln system by utilizing bricks with temperature, and as a first aspect of the invention, the kiln system comprises the kiln system, a drying kiln, a firing kiln and a conveying device for connecting the drying kiln and the firing kiln;
the firing kiln sequentially comprises a preheating section, an oxidation section, a firing section, a slow cooling section and a quenching section along the transmission direction; the top of the firing kiln is provided with a first air draft fan, a second air draft fan and an emptying device. Wherein, first induced draft fan is used for collecting preheating section and oxidation section flue gas, and second induced draft fan is equipped with and is used for collecting slow cooling section and quench section waste gas. The first exhaust fan is connected with the emptying device through a smoke exhaust pipe, and the second exhaust fan is connected with the emptying device through a heat exhaust pipe. The smoke exhaust pipe and the heat beating pipe are also provided with a third valve and a fourth valve.
The drying kiln comprises a damp-heat drying section and a dry-heat drying section in sequence along the transmission direction. The top of the drying kiln is provided with a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a moisture exhaust pipe and a moisture absorption device; the first pipeline is connected to the first exhaust fan, and the second pipeline is connected to the second exhaust fan; the moisture exhaust pipe is connected with the drying kiln and the moisture absorption device. The first pipeline, the second pipeline and the moisture exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a first valve, a second valve and a fifth valve.
Through the system, preheating generated by burning in the burning kiln can be fully utilized, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved. Wherein, because the flue gas of preheating section and oxidation section contains certain moisture that comes from glaze slip and mineral decomposition, consequently be carried to the kiln front end of drying, under the flue gas of certain humidity, can realize the rapid heating up of unburned bricks, but prevent to produce because of the surface loses moisture too fast and dry and split. The exhaust gas generated in the slow cooling section and the fast cooling section does not contain moisture and is delivered to the rear end of the drying kiln. However, when the brick with temperature is used, the clinker which is fired during the brick with temperature does not generate water vapor in the preheating section and the oxidation section, so that the brick is easily cracked in the drying kiln after normal production is recovered.
Further, the maximum temperature of the firing kiln is 1100-1300 ℃, the maximum temperature of the drying kiln is 150-300 ℃, and preferably, the maximum temperature of the firing kiln is 1150-1250 ℃, and the maximum temperature of the drying kiln is 180-220 ℃. It should be noted that the firing kiln of the invention has a higher firing temperature, and is traditionally used for firing ceramic tiles with water absorption less than or equal to 1%; the waste heat generated by the sintering kiln is more, so the waste heat can be extracted to a drying kiln for utilization. The firing temperature of the traditional kiln for firing ceramic tiles and the like is 900-1100 ℃, and the rest heat is difficult to utilize by the method.
As a second aspect of the present invention, the method for adjusting the temperature profile of a kiln system using a brick with temperature of the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1: soaking the brick with the temperature in water for 1-5 minutes, fishing out and draining;
specifically, the brick with the temperature has the water absorption rate of 10-20%, the inner pores are developed, a certain amount of water can be absorbed in the soaking process, the water is discharged in the preheating section and the oxidation section, and then the water is extracted to the front section of the drying kiln by the first air draft fan, so that the brick is prevented from being cracked.
As a third aspect of the invention, the brick with temperature is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of roller waste, 10-25 parts of magnesia, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 1-5 parts of polished tile waste residue, 30-40 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of potassium sodium sand and 0.5-1.5 parts of binder.
Specifically, the roller bar waste is corundum-mullite roller bar waste; al thereof2O3The content is 50-80 wt%. The roller rod waste is one of the main wastes in the production process of ceramic factories, and is difficult to apply in the conventional ceramic tile formula due to high aluminum content, so the roller rod waste is often stockpiled as a waste after being damaged and replaced and is difficult to treat. According to the invention, the roller bar waste is introduced into the formula of the brick with the temperature, so that the thermal shock resistance of the brick with the temperature can be improved by utilizing the mullite phase of the roller bar waste; the corundum phase of the two can also react with magnesia and bentonite to form cordierite, so that the thermal shock resistance of the brick with the temperature is improved.
5-10 parts of roller waste; when the content of the roller bar waste is more than 10 parts, the formula contains too high aluminum, the firing degree is low, and the breaking strength of the brick with the temperature is reduced. Preferably, the weight part of the roller waste is 5-8 parts.
The magnesia clay is clay containing Mg, and can provide plasticity, maintain the stability of slurry and improve the strength of green bricks before the bricks with temperature are fired; in the firing process, the magnesia-based carbon brick can react with the roller bar waste, the fly ash and the bentonite to generate mullite and cordierite, so that the thermal shock resistance of the brick with the temperature is improved, and besides, the magnesia can promote firing and improve the breaking strength.
Specifically, in the invention, the content of MgO in the magnesia soil is 15-25 wt%, and SiO is255-70 wt% of Al2O3The content of (B) is 0.5-5 wt%.
The addition weight part of the magnesia is 10-25 parts, when the magnesia is less than 10 parts, the Mg content in the formula is too low, the firing degree is low, the cordierite content is low, and the thermal shock resistance is poor; when the content of the magnesia exceeds 25 parts, the firing degree is too high, and stoneware (the water absorption is 0.5-10%) or ceramic (less than 0.5%) bricks with temperature can be formed, so that the thermal shock resistance is weakened, and the heat capacity is reduced.
Bentonite is a commonly used clay mineral which further enhances the strength of the green body; mullite can be generated in high-temperature sintering, and the thermal shock resistance is improved. The bentonite is added in 10-20 parts by weight, preferably 15-20 parts by weight.
The fly ash is the waste generated by power plant combustion, and Al of the fly ash2O3The content of the CaO is 30-45 wt%, and the content of the CaO is 5-15 wt%. The alumina in the fly ash exists partially in a mullite form and partially in an activated vitreous form, has high reaction activity at high temperature, and can react with magnesia, bentonite and the like to form cordierite and mullite. The CaO in the fly ash exists mainly in a vitreous form, and can be melted to promote sintering when being sintered at high temperature.
In terms of micro morphology, the fly ash mostly exists in a micro-bead form; because the content of aluminum in the fly ash is high, and part of the microbeads with high aluminum content are not melted after being fired, but are embedded into the brick body in the form of the microbeads, the linear expansion coefficient of the microbeads is small, and the thermal shock stability of the brick with the temperature is favorably improved.
The potassium sodium sand is a potassium sodium feldspar mixture, which can further promote firing. In particular, K in K-Na sand2O and Na2The total content of O is more than or equal to 10 percent. The weight portion of the potassium sodium sand is 5-15.
The waste residue of the polished tile is waste residue generated in the production process of the polished tile, contains resin, SiC and the like, can generate gas in the sintering process, improves the porosity of the brick with the temperature, reduces the heat conductivity coefficient and improves the heat capacity. The polishing brick waste residue is added in 1-5 parts by weight, and when the weight is more than 5 parts, the brick with the temperature can generate excessive air holes, so that the thickness is greatly improved, and the polishing brick waste residue cannot be suitable for a ceramic brick kiln.
The adhesive has the main function of maintaining the suspension property of ridge raw materials such as roller waste, polished tile waste, fly ash, potassium sodium sand and the like in the slurry stage; and in the green body stage, the green strength of the green body is improved. Specifically, in the invention, the binder is one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, lignin, polyvinyl alcohol and starch.
It should be noted that the brick with temperature adopted by the current porcelain brick (water absorption less than or equal to 1%) manufacturer generally adopts the blank without glaze (water absorption less than or equal to 1%) which is fired by the same formula and the same kiln. Although the brick with the temperature is high in strength, the brick is easy to break in the cyclic sintering process, short in service life and extremely low in moisture absorption. In addition, the heat taken away by the porcelain brick with the temperature is less, and the stability of the whole kiln system is not good for maintenance. In order to solve the problems, on one hand, the finished product of the brick with the temperature contains more mullite and cordierite through the adjustment of the formula, so that the thermal shock resistance and the breaking strength are improved, and the service life is prolonged; on the other hand, the formula of the invention is ceramic after being fired, the water absorption rate of the formula reaches 10-20%, the number of open pores is large, the thermal conductivity is low, the formula is more similar to a green body in the firing process, and more kiln heat can be taken away; furthermore, in order to improve the temperature effect, the waste polished tile slag is added into the formula, so that the porosity is improved.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a preparation method for the brick with the temperature, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 5-10 parts of roller waste, 10-25 parts of magnesia, 10-20 parts of bentonite and 5-15 parts of potassium sodium sand to obtain a first mixture;
the particle sizes of the roller waste and the potassium-sodium sand are larger (larger than 3 cm); the magnesia soil and the bentonite contain some larger soil blocks and/or mud blocks; therefore, the components are mixed and ball-milled at first, and the crushing efficiency is improved. A
(2) Mixing 1-5 parts of polished tile waste residue, 30-40 parts of fly ash and 0.5-1.5 parts of binder to obtain a second mixture;
the waste residue of the polished tile is waste residue generated in the polishing process of the polished tile, and the particle size of the waste residue is very small and is less than 200 meshes (74 mu m); the fly ash is a coal dust combustion product, and the particle size of the fly ash is smaller and is generally below 150 meshes (106 mu m). The binder is generally an organic substance soluble in water and easy to mix.
(3) Ball-milling the first mixture for 5-8 h, adding the second mixture, and continuing ball-milling for 0.5-2 h to obtain slurry;
the conventional method is difficult to mix uniformly due to the large difference of the particle size distribution of the first mixture and the second mixture; therefore, the first mixture is ball-milled for a period of time, the particle size of the first mixture is reduced, and then the second mixture with small particle size is added. Meanwhile, the grinding means is beneficial to reducing the energy consumed in the ball milling process.
(4) Spray drying the slurry to obtain powder;
specifically, after spray drying, the water content of the powder is controlled to be 7-8%.
(5) Pressing the powder material to obtain a green body;
specifically, the forming pressure is 20-30 MPa; if the molding pressure is more than 30MPa, the compact degree of the green body is too high, the water absorption rate after firing is greatly reduced, the heat conductivity coefficient of the brick with the temperature is greatly increased, and the heat capacity is reduced. If the molding pressure is less than 20MPa, the green strength is poor and the green body is easily damaged during drying and firing.
(6) And drying and sintering the green body to obtain a finished product of the brick with the temperature.
Specifically, the firing temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and preferably 1150-1250 ℃. The production process of the brick with the temperature is similar to that of a porcelain brick, can be directly produced by adopting the original parameters, and is convenient and simple.
After the formula and the process are adopted, the prepared brick with the temperature has the water absorption of 10-20%, the flexural strength of 25-45 MPa and the average heat conductivity coefficient of 0.8-1.8W/(m.K) at 1100-1300 ℃; preferably, the water absorption rate is 15-20%, the breaking strength is 30-45 MPa, and the average thermal conductivity at 1150-1250 ℃ is 0.9-1.2W/(m.K).
S2: putting the drained bricks with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the bricks with the temperature into a firing kiln for firing; in the firing process, the brick with the temperature sequentially passes through a preheating section, an oxidation section, a firing section, a slow cooling section and a quenching section; the flue gas of the preheating section and the oxidation section is pumped into a first pipeline through a first air draft fan and injected into a damp and hot drying section of the drying kiln; pumping waste gas generated in the quenching section and the slow cooling section into a second pipeline through a second air draft fan, and injecting the waste gas into a dry heat drying section of the drying kiln;
specifically, S2 includes:
s21: closing the first valve and the second valve; increasing the opening degrees of the third valve and the fourth valve to 60-100%;
after the empty kiln is found, the first valve and the second valve are closed; the atmosphere of the drying kiln is prevented from being damaged. Correspondingly, the opening degree of the third valve and the opening degree of the fourth valve are increased, and waste gas generated by the kiln is discharged from the emptying device. In the normal production process, the opening degree of the third valve and the fourth valve is generally 5-40%.
S22: putting the drained bricks with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the bricks with the temperature into a firing kiln;
s23: after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 5-15 minutes, the opening degree of the first valve is increased to 20-50%, the opening degree of the third valve is reduced to 10-40%, and the opening degree of the fifth valve is reduced to 60-100%.
After the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 5-15 minutes, fully discharging the moisture in the brick with the temperature, so that the opening degree of the first valve is restored to 20-50%, and pumping the flue gas into the drying kiln for use; however, the moisture absorbed by the brick with the temperature is more, so that the opening degree of the fifth valve is increased to 60-100%, and the moisture discharging force of the drying kiln is increased. Correspondingly, the opening degree of the third valve is reduced to 10-40%. In the normal production process, the opening of the fifth valve is 40-60%.
S24: after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 35-45 minutes, the opening degree of the second valve is increased to 10-50%; and reducing the opening degree of the fourth valve to 20-50%.
After the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 35-45 minutes, the brick with the temperature enters the tail end of a burning zone, at the moment, the second valve is opened, waste gas is conveyed to the drying kiln, and correspondingly, the opening degree of the fourth valve is also reduced. Specifically, the opening degree of the second valve is increased to 10-50%, and the opening degree of the first valve is reduced to 20-50%.
By adopting the method, the brick cracking rate of the drying kiln can be effectively reduced, and the temperature curves of the drying kiln and the firing kiln are kept stable.
The invention is illustrated below in specific examples:
example 1 brick with temperature
The embodiment provides a brick with temperature for a ceramic brick kiln, which comprises the following components in part by weight:
7 parts of roller waste, 23 parts of magnesia, 17 parts of bentonite, 4 parts of polished tile waste residues, 36 parts of fly ash and 13 parts of potassium-sodium sand; 1 part of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
wherein Al of the scrap roll bar2O3The content was 58.6 wt%; MgO content in the magnesia soil is 23.2 wt%, SiO2Is 65.9 wt% of Al2O3Is 1.6 wt%; al in fly ash2O3The content was 31.7 wt%, and the CaO content was 12.4 wt%.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 1
The glazed polished green brick body is used as a brick with temperature. The formula is the same as that of normal production.
Comparative example 2
Unglazed tiles (ceramic tiles) are used as the brick with the temperature.
The brick with temperature in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were tested, and the data are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test Table for brick with temp
Example 2 temperature profile of kiln System adjusted by brick with temperature
The embodiment discloses a method for adjusting a temperature curve of a kiln system by using a brick with temperature, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the brick with the temperature of the embodiment 1 in water for 2 minutes, taking out the brick with the temperature, and draining;
(2) closing the first valve and the second valve; increasing the opening degree of the third valve to 80% and the opening degree of the fourth valve to 90%;
(3) putting the drained bricks with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the bricks with the temperature into a firing kiln;
(4) and after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 8 minutes, increasing the opening degree of the first valve to 40%, reducing the opening degree of the third valve to 15%, and increasing the opening degree of the fifth valve to 70%.
(5) After the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 40 minutes, the opening degree of the second valve is increased to 40 percent; the opening of the fourth valve is reduced to 25%.
And after the stable operation is carried out for 2 hours, detecting the temperature curve of the kiln and the humidity of the specific position of the drying kiln. Specifically, the temperature and the humidity of the drying kiln are determined by reading a thermometer and a hygrometer which are externally connected with the drying kiln; the temperature of the firing kiln is determined by a thermocouple in the kiln.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that the warm brick was not water soaked.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example used the brick with temperature of comparative example 1; directly putting the brick with the temperature into a sintering kiln without any adjustment.
Specifically, the results of the kiln test are shown in table 2 below:
table 2 drying kiln temperature curve change table
| Number of joints | 2 | 12 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 42 | 50 | 60 |
| In front of empty kiln | 180 | 155 | 145 | 105 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 |
| Example 2 | 185 | 155 | 140 | 105 | 115 | 110 | 110 | 110 |
| Comparative example 3 | 190 | 150 | 135 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 |
| Comparative example 4 | 195 | 165 | 155 | 125 | 120 | 115 | 140 | 150 |
| Empty kiln for 2h | 240 | 220 | 220 | 190 | 170 | 170 | 160 | 160 |
The effect of the firing kiln test is as follows 3:
TABLE 3 variation table of temperature curve of calcining kiln
| Thermocouple serial number | In front of empty kiln | Example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Empty kiln for 2h |
| 1 | 454 | 456 | 461 | 493 | 596 |
| 2 | 564 | 556 | 563 | 580 | 773 |
| 3 | 845 | 845 | 852 | 862 | 952 |
| 4 | 948 | 948 | 956 | 969 | 1064 |
| 5 | 1008 | 1002 | 1012 | 1015 | 1128 |
| 6 | 1011 | 1008 | 1013 | 1115 | 1190 |
| 7 | 1063 | 1072 | 1060 | 1123 | 1210 |
| 8 | 1068 | 1060 | 1072 | 1173 | 1206 |
| 9 | 1105 | 1101 | 1105 | 1188 | 1287 |
| 10 | 1170 | 1170 | 1172 | 1216 | 1316 |
| 11 | 1221 | 1223 | 1223 | 1244 | 1315 |
| 12 | 1220 | 1223 | 1223 | 1244 | 1316 |
| 13 | 1221 | 1223 | 1222 | 1244 | 1316 |
| 14 | 1185 | 1165 | 1168 | 1244 | 1276 |
| 15 | 1080 | 1072 | 1075 | 1155 | 1155 |
| 16 | 541 | 544 | 544 | 573 | 656 |
| 17 | 444 | 445 | 445 | 450 | 458 |
Example 3 Dry kiln cracking test
After controlling the kiln temperature for 2h by the methods of example 2 and comparative example 4, 200 sheets of green bodies were introduced into the drying kiln, and after drying, the rate of drying cracked bricks was recorded. Wherein, the drying brick cracking rate of the embodiment 2 is 1 percent; the brick crack rate of comparative example 4 was 23.5%.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for adjusting the temperature curve of a kiln system by using bricks with temperature is characterized in that the kiln system comprises a drying kiln, a firing kiln and a conveying device for connecting the drying kiln and the firing kiln;
the sintering kiln sequentially comprises a preheating section, an oxidation section, a sintering section, a slow cooling section and a quick cooling section; the oxidation section is provided with a first air draft fan for collecting the flue gas of the preheating section and the oxidation section; the quenching section is provided with a second air draft fan for collecting waste gas of the slow cooling section and the quenching section;
the drying kiln sequentially comprises a damp-heat drying section and a dry-heat drying section; the damp-heat drying section is provided with a first pipeline connected to a first air draft fan, and the dry-heat drying section is provided with a second pipeline connected to a second air draft fan;
the method for adjusting the temperature curve of the kiln system by using the brick with the temperature comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the brick with the temperature in water for 1-5 minutes, fishing out and draining;
(2) putting the drained bricks with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the bricks with the temperature into a firing kiln for firing; in the firing process, the brick with the temperature sequentially passes through a preheating section, an oxidation section, a firing section, a slow cooling section and a quenching section; the flue gas of the preheating section and the oxidation section is pumped into a first pipeline through a first air draft fan and injected into a damp and hot drying section of the drying kiln; pumping waste gas generated in the quenching section and the slow cooling section into a second pipeline through a second air draft fan, and injecting the waste gas into a dry heat drying section of the drying kiln;
the brick with the temperature is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of roll bar waste, 10-25 parts of magnesia, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 1-5 parts of polished tile waste residue, 30-40 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of potassium sodium sand and 0.5-1.5 parts of binder;
the water absorption rate of the brick with the temperature is 10-20%, and the breaking strength is 25-45 MPa.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the kiln is further provided with an evacuation device, and the first induced draft fan is connected to the evacuation device through a smoke exhaust pipe; the second exhaust fan is connected with the emptying device through a heat exhaust pipe;
the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the smoke exhaust pipe and the heat exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a fourth valve;
the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) closing the first valve and the second valve; increasing the opening degrees of the third valve and the fourth valve to 60-100%;
(2.2) putting the drained brick with the temperature into a conveying device, and conveying the brick with the temperature into a firing kiln;
(2.3) after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 5-15 minutes, increasing the opening degree of the first valve to 20-50%; the opening degree of the third valve is reduced to 10-40%;
(2.4) after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 35-45 minutes, increasing the opening degree of the second valve to 10-50%; and reducing the opening degree of the fourth valve to 20-50%.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the kiln further comprises a moisture absorption device connected to the kiln via a moisture removal pipe, the moisture removal pipe further comprising a fifth valve;
the step (2.3) is as follows: after the brick with the temperature enters the kiln for 5-15 minutes, the opening degree of the first valve is increased to 20-50%, the opening degree of the third valve is reduced to 10-40%, and the opening degree of the fifth valve is increased to 60-100%.
4. The method of adjusting a temperature profile of a kiln system using a brick with temperature according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the maximum temperature of the drying kiln is 150 to 300 ℃;
the maximum temperature of the firing kiln is 1100-1300 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnesia clay has a MgO content of 15 to 25 wt% and a SiO content255-70 wt% of Al2O3The content of (B) is 0.5-5 wt%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the Al in the fly ash is present in the fly ash in a form selected from the group consisting of Al, and combinations thereof2O3The content is 30-45 wt%, and the content of CaO is 5-15 wt%;
the roller bar waste is corundum mullite roller bar waste, and Al of the corundum mullite roller bar waste2O3The content is 50-80 wt%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the binder is selected from one or more of carboxymethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, lignin, polyvinyl alcohol, and starch.
8. The method for adjusting the temperature profile of a kiln system by using the bricks with temperature as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bricks with temperature are obtained by mixing raw materials, ball milling, spray drying, pressing and firing; the firing temperature is 1100-1300 ℃.
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