Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the peak shaving system of the reheating unit of the thermal power plant is provided.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention comprises a peak shaving system of a reheating unit of a thermal power plant, which comprises a heat storage system and a heat release system, wherein the heat storage system comprises a low-temperature container and a high-temperature container, the low-temperature container and the high-temperature container are used for storing a heat storage medium, and the heat storage system further comprises:
the heating side inlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger is connected with a reheater outlet pipeline of a boiler, the heating side outlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger is connected with a main water supply pipeline of the boiler, and the heated side inlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the low-temperature container;
the heating side inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger is connected with a main steam pipeline of the boiler, the heating side outlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger is connected with a reheater inlet pipeline of the boiler, the heated side inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger is connected with the heated side outlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger, and the heated side outlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature container;
the outlet of the high-temperature container is connected with the heating side inlet of the heat release system, and the heating side outlet of the heat release system is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature container.
Preferably, the heat release system comprises a preheater and a steam generator;
a heating side inlet of the steam generator is used as a heating side inlet of the heat release system and is connected with an outlet of the high-temperature container, a heating side outlet of the steam generator is connected with a heating side inlet of the preheater, and a heating side outlet of the preheater is used as a heating side outlet of the heat release system and is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature container;
the inlet of the heated side of the preheater is connected with a water supply pipeline, the outlet of the heated side of the preheater is connected with the inlet of the heated side of the steam generator, and the outlet of the heated side of the steam generator is connected with a heat supply pipeline.
Preferably, the heat release system comprises a preheater, a steam generator and a superheater;
a heating side inlet of the superheater is used as a heating side inlet of the heat release system and is connected with an outlet of the high-temperature container, a heating side outlet of the superheater is connected with a heating side inlet of the steam generator, a heating side outlet of the steam generator is connected with a heating side inlet of the presetter, and a heating side outlet of the preheater is used as a heating side outlet of the heat release system and is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature container;
the inlet of the heated side of the preheater is connected with a water supply pipeline, the outlet of the heated side of the preheater is connected with the inlet of the heated side of the steam generator, the outlet of the heated side of the steam generator is respectively connected with a heat supply pipeline and the inlet of the heated side of the superheater, and the outlet of the heated side of the superheater is connected with a steam inlet pipeline of a steam turbine.
Preferably, the flow rate of the reheated steam introduced into the low-pressure heat exchanger by the reheater outlet pipeline is equal to the flow rate of the superheated steam introduced into the high-pressure heat exchanger by the main steam pipeline.
Preferably, the heat storage medium is a molten salt.
Preferably, an outlet of the low-temperature container is provided with a first booster pump for delivering the heat storage medium in the low-temperature container to the heated side of the low-pressure heat exchanger.
Preferably, an outlet of the high-temperature container is provided with a second booster pump for conveying the heat storage medium in the high-temperature container to a heating side of the heat release system.
Preferably, a deaerator is arranged between the heating side outlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger and a main water supply pipeline of the boiler.
Preferably, a heater is arranged between the deaerator and a main water supply pipeline of the boiler.
Preferably, the heater comprises a low pressure heater and/or a high pressure heater.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the heat storage medium is directly heated by steam, so that the multiple energy conversion of heat → electricity → heat is avoided, and the high-efficiency energy conversion of heat → heat is realized;
(2) superheated steam extracted by the heat storage system returns to the cold end of a reheater of the boiler after heat exchange of the high-pressure heat exchanger, so that the phenomenon that the reheater of the boiler is overtemperature due to flow reduction is avoided;
(3) the sensible heat and the latent heat of the reheated steam are fully utilized, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The invention comprises a peak shaving system of a reheating unit of a thermal power plant, which comprises a heat storage system and a heat release system, wherein as shown in figure 1, the heat storage system comprises a low-temperature container 1 and a high-temperature container 2, the low-temperature container 1 and the high-temperature container 2 are used for storing heat storage media, and the heat storage system also comprises:
a low-pressure heat exchanger 3, wherein the heating side inlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected with a reheater outlet pipeline 501 of the boiler 5, the heating side outlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected with a main water supply pipeline 502 of the boiler 5, and the heated side inlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 is connected with the outlet of the low-temperature container 1;
a high-pressure heat exchanger 4, wherein the heating side inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 is connected with a main steam pipeline 503 of a boiler 5, the heating side outlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 is connected with a reheater inlet pipeline 504 of the boiler 5, the heated side inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 is connected with the heated side outlet of the low-pressure heat exchanger 3, and the heated side outlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature container 2;
the outlet of the high-temperature container 2 is connected with the heating side inlet of the heat release system, and the heating side outlet of the heat release system is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature container.
Specifically, the reheating unit of the thermal power plant comprises a boiler 5 for generating high-temperature steam, the high-temperature steam generated by the boiler 5 is provided for a heat utilization system of the reheating unit, the preferred heat utilization system comprises a steam turbine 6, the high-temperature steam enters the steam turbine 6 from a main steam pipeline 503 of the boiler 5 to do work, and the high-temperature steam can also be directly supplied to a heat user. When the load of the boiler 5 is larger than the load required by the heat utilization system, the peak shaving system starts the heat storage mode, and redundant heat energy is stored through the heat storage system. When the peak shaving system starts the heat storage mode, the boiler load is kept unchanged, part of reheated steam in the reheater outlet pipeline 501 enters the intermediate pressure cylinder 62 of the steam turbine 6 to do work, and the other part of reheated steam in the reheater outlet pipeline 501 is extracted into the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 of the heat storage system to perform primary heat exchange with a low-temperature heat storage medium, so that the low-temperature heat storage medium is heated to an intermediate temperature; meanwhile, part of the superheated steam of the main steam pipeline 503 enters the high-pressure cylinder 61 of the steam turbine 6 to do work, and the other part of the superheated steam of the main steam pipeline 503 enters the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 to further exchange heat with the medium-temperature heat storage medium, so that the medium-temperature heat storage medium is heated to high temperature, thereby realizing step heating and improving the utilization rate of heat energy.
It should be noted that the steam extracted by the heat storage system and the steam used by the heat consuming system are completely independent and do not affect each other, the superheated steam used by the heat storage system directly returns to the reheater inlet pipe 504 of the boiler 5 from the outlet of the heating side of the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and does not enter the heat consuming system, the reheated steam used by the heat storage system directly enters the water supply system of the boiler 5 from the outlet of the heating side of the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 and does not enter the heat consuming system, therefore, the steam used by the heat storage system does not affect the steam turbine 6 of the heat consuming system, the steam extracted by the heat storage system is decoupled from the steam turbine, and the inconsistent flow of each cylinder of the steam turbine 6 caused by the steam used by the heat storage system entering the steam turbine 6 is avoided.
Specifically, the heat storage medium in the present embodiment is preferably a molten salt. The low-temperature container 1 is used for storing molten salt before heating, the low-temperature molten salt stored in the low-temperature container 1 enters the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 to be heated to a medium temperature, then enters the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 connected with the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 in series to be heated to a high temperature, and the molten salt heated to the high temperature is conveyed to the high-temperature container 2 to be stored. The heating source of high pressure heat exchanger 4 is the superheated steam of boiler 5 output, the heat transfer mode of superheated steam in high pressure heat exchanger 4 is sensible heat, the heating side entry of high pressure heat exchanger 4 is steam, what its heating side export was discharged still is steam, the exhaust steam of high pressure heat exchanger 4 gets into boiler 5's re-heater inlet pipe 504, join with the exhaust steam of turbine 6 high pressure cylinder 61, get into boiler 5's re-heater together, in short, boiler 5 is equal through the superheated steam total flow that main steam pipe 503 supplied out and boiler 5 passes through the steam re-heater total flow that boiler inlet pipe 504 was retrieved, can avoid boiler 5's re-heater because of the steam flow who retrieves reduces and overtemperature.
Specifically, the heating source of low pressure heat exchanger 3 is the reheat steam of boiler 5 output, reheat steam is lower than superheated steam's pressure, consequently, reheat steam gets into low pressure heat exchanger 3 as first-order heating source and carries out the heat exchange with low temperature fused salt, reheat steam at first converts saturated steam into in low pressure heat exchanger 3, again by saturated steam condensate water, reheat steam has taken place sensible heat and latent heat in low pressure heat exchanger 3, heat utilization rate is higher, the heating side outlet exhaust comdenstion water of low pressure heat exchanger 3 is through preheating, get back to boiler 5's main water-feeding pipeline 502 again, be used for supplementary feedwater. In this embodiment, step heating is realized by the low-pressure heat exchanger 3 and the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, sensible heat and latent heat of steam are fully utilized in the heat storage mode, and the utilization rate of energy is higher.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat release system includes a preheater 7 and a steam generator 8;
a heating side inlet of the steam generator 8 is used as a heating side inlet of a heat release system and is connected with an outlet of the high-temperature container 2, a heating side outlet of the steam generator 8 is connected with a heating side inlet of the preheater 7, and a heating side outlet of the preheater 7 is used as a heating side outlet of the heat release system and is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature container 1;
the inlet of the heated side of the preheater 7 is connected with a water supply pipeline 9, the outlet of the heated side of the preheater 7 is connected with the inlet of the heated side of the steam generator 8, and the outlet of the heated side of the steam generator 8 is connected with a heat supply pipeline 10.
Specifically, when the load of the boiler 5 is less than the load required by the heat utilization system, the heat energy generated by the boiler 5 is insufficient for the heat utilization system, at this time, the peak shaving system starts a heat release mode, high-temperature molten salt stored in the high-temperature container 2 is sent to the heat release system for heat release, and the released heat energy is supplied to the heat utilization system. High-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature container 2 enters a heat release system to heat feed water in a feed water pipeline 9, the feed water enters a preheater 7 to be heated to a certain temperature, the feed water with the certain temperature is sent into a steam generator 8 to be heated to form medium-low temperature steam, and the medium-low temperature steam is supplied to a hot user through a heat supply pipeline 10. In the heat release mode, the fused salt in the high-temperature container 2 firstly enters the steam generator 8 for heat exchange and then enters the preheater 7 for heat exchange, so that the step heat exchange is realized, the energy utilization rate is high, and the fused salt after heat exchange is finished returns to the low-temperature container 1 for storage so as to be recycled in the next heat storage process.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat release system includes a preheater 7, a steam generator 8, and a superheater 11;
a heating side inlet of the superheater 11 is used as a heating side inlet of a heat release system and is connected with an outlet of the high-temperature container 2, a heating side outlet of the superheater 11 is connected with a heating side inlet of the steam generator 8, a heating side outlet of the steam generator 8 is connected with a heating side inlet of the presetter 7, and a heating side outlet of the preheater 7 is used as a heating side outlet of the heat release system and is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature container 1;
the inlet of the heated side of the preheater 7 is connected with a water supply pipeline 9, the outlet of the heated side of the preheater 7 is connected with the inlet of the heated side of the steam generator 8, the outlet of the heated side of the steam generator 8 is respectively connected with a heat supply pipeline 10 and the inlet of the heated side of the superheater 11, and the outlet of the heated side of the superheater 11 is connected with a steam inlet pipeline of a steam turbine 17.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the heat releasing system includes a separate turbine 17 and a separate generator, and the heat energy stored in the heat releasing system can be used by the heat consumer or used by the turbine 17 to do work. The heat release system can directly supply heat users through medium-low temperature steam formed by the steam generator 8, and can also utilize the superheater 11 to continuously heat the medium-low temperature steam to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is sent into the steam turbine 17 to do work and generate power. The heat supply mode of the heat release system in the embodiment is more flexible, the flexibility of operation of the thermal power generating unit is improved, and meanwhile, the peak regulation depth of the unit is further increased.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the reheated steam flow from the reheater outlet line 501 to the low pressure heat exchanger 3 is equal to the superheated steam flow from the main steam line 503 to the high pressure heat exchanger 4.
Specifically, the reheat steam entering the low pressure heat exchanger 3 and the reheat steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder 62 of the steam turbine are distributed in a preset proportion, and similarly, the superheated steam entering the high pressure heat exchanger 4 and the superheated steam entering the high pressure cylinder 61 of the steam turbine 6 are also distributed in the preset proportion, and do not affect each other. For example, the total flow of the superheated steam of the main steam pipeline 503 is 100t, the flow of the superheated steam entering the high-pressure cylinder 61 of the steam turbine 6 for performing work is 90t, the flow of the superheated steam entering the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 is 10t, the ratio of the superheated steam entering the steam turbine 6 to entering the heat storage system is 9:1, and the ratio of the reheated steam entering the steam turbine 6 to entering the heat storage system is also 9:1, that is, the whole stage of the heat storage system for extracting steam is decoupled from the heat system, and the steam extracted by the heat storage system and the steam used by the steam turbine 6 do not influence each other, so that the steam flow of the high-pressure cylinder 61, the intermediate-pressure cylinder 62 and the low-pressure cylinder 63 of the steam turbine 6 can be maintained to be consistent, and the influence on the.
In a preferred embodiment, the outlet of the low-temperature container 1 is provided with a first booster pump 12 for delivering the heat storage medium in the low-temperature container 1 to the heated side of the low-pressure heat exchanger 3;
the outlet of the high-temperature container 2 is provided with a second booster pump 13 for conveying the heat storage medium in the high-temperature container 2 to the heating side of the heat release system.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a deaerator 14 is provided between the outlet on the heating side of the low pressure heat exchanger 3 and the main feed water pipe 502 of the boiler 5;
a heater 15 is arranged between the deaerator 14 and the main water supply pipeline 502;
the heater 15 includes a low pressure heater and/or a high pressure heater.
Specifically, in this embodiment, reheater outlet pipe 501's part reheat steam gets into low pressure heat exchanger 3 and carries out the heat transfer, carry out deoxidization and heating in deaerator 14 is sent into to the heating side export exhaust comdenstion water of low pressure heat exchanger 3, the comdenstion water after the deoxidization gets into heater 15 and continues to heat and get into main water supply pipe 502 behind the uniform temperature, in order to supply boiler 5 to use, realize the recycle of comdenstion water, save the resource, and simultaneously, the flow that leads to each cylinder in unnecessary steam gets into steam turbine 6 has also been avoided and has been unmatched, thereby influence the efficiency and the life-span of steam turbine 6. The rest reheated steam in the outlet pipeline 501 of the reheater enters the intermediate pressure cylinder 62 and the low pressure cylinder 63 of the steam turbine 6 to do work, the exhaust steam discharged from the low pressure cylinder 62 enters the condenser 16, the exhaust steam is condensed into water through the condenser 16, and the condensed water after being deoxidized enters the heater 15 to be continuously heated to a certain temperature and then enters the main water supply pipeline 502.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the heat storage medium is directly heated by steam, so that the multiple energy conversion of heat → electricity → heat is avoided, and the high-efficiency energy conversion of heat → heat is realized;
(2) superheated steam extracted by the heat storage system returns to the cold end of a reheater of the boiler after heat exchange of the high-pressure heat exchanger, so that the phenomenon that the reheater of the boiler is overtemperature due to flow reduction is avoided;
(3) sensible heat and latent heat of the reheated steam are fully utilized, and the energy utilization rate is improved;
(4) the steam extracted by the heat storage system is decoupled with the steam turbine, and the steam extracted by the heat storage system is independent from the steam used by the steam turbine and does not influence each other, so that the mismatching of the flow of each cylinder of the steam turbine is avoided.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.