CN111173527A - Control method for large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner - Google Patents
Control method for large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner Download PDFInfo
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- CN111173527A CN111173527A CN201911347438.6A CN201911347438A CN111173527A CN 111173527 A CN111173527 A CN 111173527A CN 201911347438 A CN201911347438 A CN 201911347438A CN 111173527 A CN111173527 A CN 111173527A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
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Abstract
The invention relates to a control method of a large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, which comprises the following steps: setting grouting holes at two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield tunneling machine; measuring the rotation angle of the shield tunneling machine in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine; judging whether the measured rotation angle of the shield machine exceeds a set range, if so, grouting into grouting holes positioned on one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine in grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield machine so as to apply a deviation rectifying force in a direction opposite to the deflection direction to the shield machine, and rectifying the rotation angle of the shield machine to the set range. The deflection of the shield machine is effectively and quickly controlled in a grouting mode, specifically, corner grouting is carried out on the bottom of one side of the shield machine, and then the grout pressed into the side exerts a reverse upward thrust on the shield machine, so that the shield machine can rotate in the reverse direction opposite to the deflection direction, and the deviation correction of the corner is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shield construction engineering, in particular to a control method for a large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner.
Background
The quasi-rectangular shield gradually occupies an important part in tunnel construction due to the advantages of shallow earth covering, construction space saving, influence reduction on ground construction and the like which are unique to the quasi-rectangular shield. However, the similar rectangular shield and the common single circular shield have different structures, and the control on the corner is difficult. Even if a single-circle shield deflects greatly in the propelling process, the influence on the later assembly and use is basically not different due to the self circular section. The quasi-rectangular shield greatly affects the subsequent process after deflection, and directly affects the assembly of the duct piece and the subsequent normal propulsion. However, in the prior art, a specific and effective control method for deflection of the quasi-rectangular shield is not provided, in actual construction, manual deflection correction is mostly carried out according to a deflection correction mode of a single-circle shield, and the deflection correction effect is unstable. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for controlling the turning angle of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a control method for a large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and solves the problems of high deviation rectifying difficulty and unstable manual deviation rectifying effect of the conventional quasi-rectangular shield.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a control method of a large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, which comprises the following steps:
setting grouting holes at two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield tunneling machine;
measuring the rotation angle of the shield tunneling machine in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine; and
judging whether the measured rotation angle of the shield machine exceeds a set range, if so, grouting into grouting holes positioned on one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine in grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield machine so as to apply a deviation rectifying force in a direction opposite to the deflection direction to the shield machine, and rectifying the rotation angle of the shield machine to the set range.
The invention provides a method for controlling deflection of a quasi-rectangular shield tunneling machine in a construction process, which effectively and quickly controls deflection of the shield tunneling machine in a grouting mode, and particularly performs corner grouting to the bottom of one side of the shield tunneling machine, and further presses grout in the side to apply a reverse upward thrust to the shield tunneling machine, so that the shield tunneling machine can rotate in a reverse direction opposite to the deflection direction, and correction of corners is realized. Compared with manual deviation correction, the method has a good deviation correction effect. The grouting control mode of the invention carries out real-time control in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine, and effectively controls the turning angle of the quasi-rectangular shield.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the step of grouting into the grouting hole comprises the following steps:
obtaining the total circumferential grouting amount of the current annular pipe piece outer side gap;
a part of the total amount of the annular grouting is divided as corner grouting amount, and the rest part of the total amount of the annular grouting is uniformly distributed to each grouting hole on the current annular duct piece;
and distributing the corner grouting amount to grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield machine, which correspond to the grouting holes on one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, which comprises the following steps of dividing a part of the total circumferential grouting amount as the corner grouting amount:
determining a grouting proportion according to the size of the corner;
and calculating the corner grouting amount by multiplying the grouting proportion by the total circumferential grouting amount.
The control method for the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner is further improved in that when grouting is carried out on the outer side of the shield tunneling machine through the grouting hole, grouting pressure is calculated according to the following formula:
Pgrouting pressure＝(h+h′)γK0/1000+PPipe resistance
In the formula, PGrouting pressureFor grouting pressure, h is the thickness of the earth covering from the top of the shield machine to the ground, h' is the height from a grouting hole to the top of the shield machine, gamma is the weight of the soil body in unit volume, and K0Is the lateral pressure coefficient, PPipe resistanceIs a grouting hole pipe resistance.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the method also comprises the following steps of when grouting is carried out on the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
and selecting and stopping a jack of the shield tunneling machine so that the propelling forces on the left side and the right side of the shield tunneling machine are different to generate a rotating force in a direction opposite to the deflection direction.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the method also comprises the following steps of when grouting is carried out on the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
the oil pressure of the jacks of the shield tunneling machine is adjusted, so that the thrusting forces of the jacks on the left side and the right side of the shield tunneling machine are different, and further, a rotating force with the direction opposite to the deflection direction is generated.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the method also comprises the following steps of when grouting is carried out on the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
and a backing plate is arranged at the end part of the jack corresponding to one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine in a cushioning manner so as to increase the ejection stroke of the corresponding jack, so that the shield machine rotates towards the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the method also comprises the following steps of when grouting is carried out on the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
and controlling the soil discharge amount of the left and right screw machines to adjust the soil pressure of the corresponding area of the front surface of the shield tunneling machine, so that the shield tunneling machine rotates in the reverse direction opposite to the deflection direction under the action of the soil pressure difference.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the method also comprises the following steps of when grouting is carried out on the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
when the erector grabs the section of jurisdiction, utilize the double track roof beam handling next section of jurisdiction to the shield constructs the corresponding one side in place ahead to increase the weight that the shield constructs the corresponding one side of machine, thereby make the shield construct the machine towards with the opposite direction rotation of deflection direction.
The invention further improves the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, and the method also comprises the following steps of when grouting is carried out on the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
and placing a balance weight on one side of the shield machine to increase the weight of the corresponding side of the shield machine, so that the shield machine rotates towards the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of quasi-rectangular shield deflection in the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of a grouting hole in the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of grouting effect in the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pad plate padded at the end of a jack in the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of segment grabbing of the erector in the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a control method for a large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner, provides a specific construction method for controlling the quasi-rectangular shield corner, and solves the problems of large fluctuation, large change and difficult control of the quasi-rectangular shield corner. The method for controlling the turning angle applies the deviation rectifying force to the shield tunneling machine through the grouting mode, the jack adjustment and the external force addition method, so that the shield tunneling machine rotates to rectify deviation in the direction opposite to the deflection direction, and the function of controlling the turning angle is realized. The following describes the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner in the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of quasi-rectangular shield deflection in the control method of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner is shown. The method for controlling the turning angle of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield according to the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner of the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of arranging grouting holes at two sides of the bottom of a nose of a shield machine, measuring a rotation angle of the shield machine in the tunneling process of the shield machine, wherein a solid line in figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the shield machine in a normal posture, a horizontal and vertical coordinate line in the figure shows the central position of the shield machine, a dotted line is a structural schematic diagram of the shield machine after deflection, and a horizontal and vertical coordinate line in the figure shows the central position of the shield machine at the moment, an included angle α between the dotted line and the solid line of the horizontal and vertical coordinate is the rotation angle of the shield machine, the positive and negative of the rotation angle show whether the shield machine deflects forwards or reversely, taking the direction shown in figure 1 as an example, the included angle α is positive, the deflection in a clockwise direction is the deflection, namely the forward deflection, and the deflection in a counterclockwise direction.
And after the rotation angle of the shield machine is obtained through measurement, judging whether the measured rotation angle of the shield machine exceeds a set range, if so, grouting into grouting holes on one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine in the grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield machine so as to apply a deviation rectifying force with the direction opposite to the deflection direction to the shield machine, thereby rectifying the rotation angle of the shield machine to the set range. As shown in the combined figure 2, the grouting holes at the tail of the shield are No.1 to No.8, the grouting holes are distributed along the section of the duct piece, four grouting pumps are correspondingly arranged, from 1# pump to 4# pump, and each grouting pump is connected with two grouting holes at the corner similar to the rectangle. The grouting holes at the two sides of the bottom of the shield machine head are arranged corresponding to the grouting holes at the two sides of the bottom of the duct piece, the grouting holes at the two sides of the bottom of the shield machine head are respectively called a left grouting hole and a right grouting hole for convenience of description, and grouting is selected to one grouting hole to apply deviation rectifying force to the shield machine, so that the rotation angle of the shield machine is rectified to be within a set range. As shown in fig. 3, when the shield tunneling machine deflects clockwise, grouting is performed to the right side grout pressing hole, the pressed grout forms an acting force with the direction of F1, so that an acting force with the direction of F2 acting on the bottom of the shield tunneling machine is formed by the bearing capacity of the soil body, the bearing capacity of the soil body is applied to the shield tunneling machine, the shield tunneling machine is subjected to a deviation rectifying force with the direction of F3, and the deviation rectifying force deflects towards the direction opposite to the deflection direction, so that deviation rectification is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the method for measuring the rotation angle of the shield machine adopts a plumb bob method to measure, a plumb bob is fixed at the middle part of a quasi-rectangle at the nose of the shield machine, the plumb bob naturally falls, the position of the plumb bob is also the position shown by the solid line of the longitudinal coordinate in fig. 1, and the rotation angle of the shield machine can be obtained by calculating the included angle between the plumb bob and the center line under the current shield machine posture. Specifically, measurement is carried out before, during and after each ring pipe piece is pushed, so that deflection of the shield tunneling machine can be found timely, and the influence on the quality of the shield tunnel caused by overlarge generated corner is avoided.
Preferably, the normal variation range of the corner of the quasi-rectangular shield tunneling machine is +/-5 ', and when the variation range exceeds +/-7', the subsequent propelling and assembling of the shield tunneling machine can be influenced, so that the setting range is +/-4.5 ', and when the variation range reaches or approaches +/-5', the corner is controlled to avoid the occurrence of a larger corner of the shield tunneling machine, and the propelling and assembling of the shield tunneling machine can be smoothly carried out.
Furthermore, a measuring instrument is added on the shield machine to control the rotation angle or the propulsion attitude of the shield machine, and effective control measures are carried out when the rotation angle of the shield machine is not enlarged as much as possible in the early stage so as to avoid the phenomenon of overlarge rotation angle.
The similar rectangular shield has two reasons of corner generation, namely an internal reason and an external reason, wherein the internal reason comprises: the left and right structures and equipment of the quasi-rectangular shield machine are not completely and symmetrically arranged, so that certain difference is generated, and the left and right weights of the quasi-rectangular shield machine are unequal; the problem of manufacturing accuracy, the complete symmetry of the left and right housings, and the deflection caused by slight distortion or deformation or dimensional difference; the torque of the left large cutter head and the torque of the right large cutter head are different, and the torque of the upper small cutter head and the torque of the lower small cutter head are different, so that the torque difference generated by the quasi-rectangular shield machine has large influence, and deflection occurs; in the propelling process, the thrust force is different due to different oil pressures of the jacks, so that the soil pressure on the edge surface of the shield tunneling machine is different, and the quasi-rectangular shield deflects; the external factors include: the unevenness and the anisotropy of the soil body are different in the same soil layer, and even the left cutter head and the right cutter head can cut different soil layers, so that the deflection of the shield tunneling machine can be caused due to different stratum bearing capacities; when the construction of the interval tunnel requires that the axis change, the gradient change and the horizontal and vertical change are large or the correction is carried out to adjust the propelling attitude of the shield machine, the force applied to the edge surface of the shield machine generates the change difference, so that the shield machine deflects.
After the quasi-rectangular shield machine generates corners, adverse effects brought by shield construction are as follows: after the shield corner appears, the duct piece can also deflect in the same direction, so that the poor assembling and forming posture of the duct piece is caused, and the correction of duct piece deflection is very difficult and even impossible sometimes; after the rotation angle of the shield tunneling machine is larger, the assembly gap between the shield tunneling machine shell and the duct piece is reduced, the operation of a shield assembling hand is difficult, the duct piece is easy to break, ribs are exposed, the stand column assembly can be inserted only through a hard top, and serious phenomena such as duct piece diseases are easy to occur; uneven ground settlement is caused, and pores are easy to form due to the fact that the left part and the right part of the shield tunneling machine are not under different pressures, and if grouting is not carried out in time, larger ground settlement is easy to cause; damage to shield hardware, such as if the generated rotation angle is too large, the relative position of some high-precision instruments slightly moves, even a small gap is generated at some originally closed position, and the large vibration generated when the shield machine advances may enlarge the gap, thereby causing damage to the machine; the forming quality of the subsequent tunnel is affected, and the forming quality of the subsequent tunnel and the tunnel repair are troublesome due to the generated segment diseases.
The control method provided by the invention can effectively control the corner of the shield machine and avoid the too large corner of the shield machine, thereby avoiding the adverse effect.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of grouting into the grouting hole includes: obtaining the total circumferential grouting amount of the current gap at the outer side of the annular pipe piece; one part of the total amount of the annular grouting is used as the corner grouting amount, and the rest part of the total amount of the annular grouting is uniformly distributed to all grouting holes on the current annular duct piece; and distributing the corner grouting amount to grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the mechanism of the shield tunneling machine, which correspond to the grouting holes on one side of the deflection direction of the shield tunneling machine.
Specifically, the total circumferential grouting amount can be calculated by the following formula:
(similar rectangular shield machine excavation sectional area-section piece external diameter sectional area) the segment ring width, namely the volume of a segment ring outside gap is calculated. The simultaneous grouting amount in the shield tail reinforcement area is usually controlled between 100% and 105% of the volume of the outer gap, so that the calculated volume can be appropriately adjusted upward. Combining with the existing construction experience, after reinforcement is performed, the total amount of annular grouting can be further increased, and the total amount of annular grouting is controlled to be 115-225% of the volume of the outer gap.
The calculation of the total amount of hoop grouting will be described below with a specific example. In the example, the excavation section area of the quasi-rectangular shield tunneling machine is 72m2The section area of the outer diameter of the pipe piece is 66.9m2The segment ring width was 1.2m, and the volume of the outboard gap thus calculated was 6.12m3If the grouting material is to be in the reinforced area, the total circumferential grouting amount is 6.12m3To 6.51m3(ii) a If a reinforcing area is formed, the total circumferential grouting amount is 7m3To 14m3. Particularly, the adjustment of the ground settlement data can be seen after the area is out of the reinforcing area.
Further, the step of dividing a part of the total circumferential grouting amount as a corner grouting amount comprises the following steps: determining a grouting proportion according to the size of the corner; and calculating the corner grouting amount by multiplying the grouting proportion by the total circumferential grouting amount.
Specifically, a comparison table of the size of the corner and the grouting proportion can be established, then the corresponding grouting proportion is selected according to the size of the actually measured corner, and the larger the corner is, the larger the corresponding pressure drop proportion is, namely, the larger the grouting amount of the corner is. For example, if the total grouting amount of the ring is 10m3The left corner of the shield machine is larger, namely the shield machine deflects anticlockwise, the corner is-5.5', the pressure drop proportion is set to be 20%, and the corner grouting amount is 2m3The remaining 8m3Evenly distributed to each grouting hole. The corner grouting amount is distributed to the grouting hole at the bottom of the left side. The left side of the headbox was 6m in overall distribution3Right side pulp box is 4m3. When grouting, the grouting pipe at the grouting hole of NO.4 or NO.5 can be directly connected to the corresponding right grouting hole or left grouting hole to perform grouting operation.
In one embodiment, when grouting outside the shield tunneling machine through the grouting hole, the grouting pressure is calculated according to the following formula:
Pgrouting pressure＝(h+h′)γK0/1000+PPipe resistance
In the formula, PGrouting pressureFor grouting pressure, h is the thickness of the earth covering from the top of the shield machine to the ground, h' is the height from a grouting hole to the top of the shield machine, gamma is the weight of the soil body in unit volume, and K0Is the lateral pressure coefficient, PPipe resistanceIs a grouting hole pipe resistance. The pipe resistance of the grouting hole can be obtained according to a pipe resistance test.
The grouting pressure is determined according to the purpose and the requirement of grouting, namely, the building gap is fully filled, the influence on the safety of surrounding buildings caused by the heaving of the ground is avoided, the damage of a segment lining caused by overlarge grouting pressure is avoided, and the damage of grouting to a shield tail seal is prevented.
As shown in fig. 1, when the right side of the shield machine deflects, that is, clockwise, the calculated corner grouting amount is distributed to the right side grouting hole as shown in fig. 2, and a correction force acting on the shield machine is formed by the grouting pressed in as shown in fig. 3, and the correction force drives the shield machine to rotate counterclockwise, so that the rotation angle is reduced to 0, and the rotation angle is controlled within a set range. When the corner can not be controlled by the pressed corner grouting amount, the grouting pipes of other grouting pumps can be connected into the right grouting holes to perform common grouting, so that the grouting amount is increased, and short-time quick correction is realized.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps of grouting the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
and selecting and stopping a jack of the shield tunneling machine so that the propelling forces on the left side and the right side of the shield tunneling machine are different to generate a rotating force in a direction opposite to the deflection direction.
Specifically, 32 jacks are arranged on the quasi-rectangular section, after the shield tunneling machine generates a corner, the extending amount of the jacks on two sides can be correspondingly adjusted, the propelling force of the jack on one side is reduced, the shield tunneling machine can be enabled to deviate towards the other side, when the extending amount of the jacks is reduced, at least one jack on each pipe piece block is ensured, and on the basis, the work of 1 or 2 jacks can be stopped at intervals.
As shown in fig. 1, when the right side deflection occurs, in order to adjust the shield tunneling machine to rotate to the left side to realize deviation rectification, the number of the extending jacks on the right side is reduced, so that the shield tunneling machine rotates to the left side, the deviation rectification is realized by matching with a grouting mode, the speed of correcting the rotation angle can be increased, and the control efficiency of the rotation angle is improved.
Further, when carrying out the mud jacking to the aircraft nose of shield structure machine, still include:
the oil pressure of the jacks of the shield tunneling machine is adjusted, so that the thrusting forces of the jacks on the left side and the right side of the shield tunneling machine are different, and further, a rotating force with the direction opposite to the deflection direction is generated.
Specifically, the greater the oil pressure is, the greater the thrust of the jack is, and conversely, the smaller the oil pressure is, the smaller the thrust of the jack is. When the oil pressure on one side is greater than the oil pressure on the other side, the shield will deflect towards the side with the lower oil pressure. Taking the right deflection shown in fig. 1 as an example, the oil pressure of the jack on the left side is adjusted to be reduced, so that the shield tunneling machine rotates towards the left side to further realize deviation correction.
Preferably, the adjustment of the oil pressure can be performed on the basis of the selection and the stop of the jack, so that the deviation correcting speed of the shield tunneling machine is further increased.
Further, when the nose of the shield machine is grouted, the method further comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 4, a backing plate 21 is padded at an end portion corresponding to the jack 12 located at one side of the shield tunneling machine in the deflection direction to increase the ejection stroke of the corresponding jack 12, thereby rotating the shield tunneling machine in the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
Preferably, the backing plate 21 is made of special nylon, is U-shaped, and can be sleeved on the end of the piston rod extending from the jack 12. The backing plate 21 increases the ejection stroke of the corresponding jack 12 by its own thickness, so that the jack 12 can abut against the segment 11 earlier than other jacks, and thus the shield machine can deflect toward the other side. To improve safety, 3 to 5 consecutive jacks are selected on the same side while adding a bolster. Taking the right-side deflection shown in fig. 1 as an example, a base plate is added on a plurality of jacks on the right side, so that the shield tunneling machine can rotate towards the left side to realize deviation correction.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps of grouting the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
the soil discharge amount of the left and right screw machines is controlled to adjust the soil pressure of the corresponding area of the front surface of the shield machine, so that the shield machine rotates in the reverse direction opposite to the deflection direction under the action of the soil pressure difference.
Specifically, when the soil discharge amount of the screw machine on one side is increased, the front soil pressure on the side with the large soil discharge amount is smaller than the front soil pressure on the other side, so that the shield machine can realize offset due to different soil pressures, and further realize corner control. And when the tunneling is normal, the soil output of the left and right screw machines should be the same. Preferably, the difference between the soil output of the two screw machines should be controlled within a certain range, such as 5m, when adjusting the soil output3To 8m3In the meantime. The adverse effect of a plurality of soil pressure differences on the construction of the shield machine is avoided.
In a specific embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps of grouting the nose of the shield tunneling machine:
as shown in fig. 5, when the segment 11 is grabbed by the erector 13, the next segment is lifted to the side corresponding to the front of the shield tunneling machine by using the double-track beam to increase the weight of the side corresponding to the shield tunneling machine, so that the shield tunneling machine rotates in the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
The gravity of section of jurisdiction 11 in fig. 5 is the effort of direction F6, and when having corresponding atress on the erector 13 of opposite side, the effect of gravity of this section of jurisdiction 11 can make the shield constructs the machine and receives the revolving force that the direction is F5, and then realizes that the shield constructs the machine and is rectifying towards the anticlockwise rotation. Usually, the weight of one segment is 3t, if one segment is transported by using the double-rail beam, the total weight can reach 6t, and the weight of the corresponding side of the shield tunneling machine is increased by the segment, so that the shield tunneling machine deflects towards the corresponding side. Because the segment needs to be always grasped by the splicing machine in the propelling process of the shield tunneling machine, the splicing machine is greatly damaged, and the mode can be avoided as much as possible if the splicing machine is not in an emergency.
Further, when carrying out the mud jacking to the aircraft nose of shield structure machine, still include:
and placing a balance weight on one side of the shield machine to increase the weight of the corresponding side of the shield machine, so that the shield machine rotates in the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
Preferably, the weights are selected from the balance weights, one weight is 50kg, the plurality of weights are conveyed to the frame of the corresponding side of the shield tunneling machine, and a large downward pressure is applied to one side of the shield tunneling machine, so that the shield tunneling machine can deflect quickly, and the effect of quickly correcting the deviation is achieved. The total weight of the unilateral maximum incremental weight is 20 t.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A control method for a large-section quasi-rectangular shield corner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting grouting holes at two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield tunneling machine;
measuring the rotation angle of the shield tunneling machine in the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine; and
judging whether the measured rotation angle of the shield machine exceeds a set range, if so, grouting into grouting holes positioned on one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine in grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield machine so as to apply a deviation rectifying force in a direction opposite to the deflection direction to the shield machine, and rectifying the rotation angle of the shield machine to the set range.
2. The method for controlling the shield turning angle of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing grouting into the grouting hole comprises:
obtaining the total circumferential grouting amount of the current gap at the outer side of the annular pipe piece;
a part of the total amount of the annular grouting is divided as corner grouting amount, and the rest part of the total amount of the annular grouting is uniformly distributed to each grouting hole on the current annular duct piece;
and distributing the corner grouting amount to grouting holes on two sides of the bottom of the machine head of the shield machine, which correspond to the grouting holes on one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine.
3. The method for controlling the shield corner of the large-section quasi-rectangular structure according to claim 2, wherein the step of dividing a part of the total circumferential grouting amount as a corner grouting amount comprises:
determining a grouting proportion according to the size of the corner;
and calculating the corner grouting amount by multiplying the grouting proportion by the total circumferential grouting amount.
4. The method for controlling the shield turning angle of the large-section quasi-rectangular shield according to claim 2, wherein when grouting to the outside of the shield machine through the grouting holes, the grouting pressure is calculated according to the following formula:
Pgrouting pressure＝(h+h′)γK0/1000+PPipe resistance
In the formula, PGrouting pressureFor grouting pressure, h is the thickness of the earth covering from the top of the shield machine to the ground, h' is the height from a grouting hole to the top of the shield machine, gamma is the weight of the soil body in unit volume, and K0Is the lateral pressure coefficient, PPipe resistanceIs a grouting hole pipe resistance.
5. The method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield turning angle according to claim 1, wherein when grouting is performed on a nose of the shield tunneling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
and selecting and stopping a jack of the shield tunneling machine so that the propelling forces on the left side and the right side of the shield tunneling machine are different to generate a rotating force in a direction opposite to the deflection direction.
6. The method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield turning angle according to claim 1, wherein when grouting is performed on a nose of the shield tunneling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
the oil pressure of the jacks of the shield tunneling machine is adjusted, so that the thrusting forces of the jacks on the left side and the right side of the shield tunneling machine are different, and further, a rotating force with the direction opposite to the deflection direction is generated.
7. The method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield turning angle according to claim 1, wherein when grouting is performed on a nose of the shield tunneling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
and a backing plate is arranged at the end part of the jack corresponding to one side of the deflection direction of the shield machine in a cushioning manner so as to increase the ejection stroke of the corresponding jack, so that the shield machine rotates towards the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
8. The method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield turning angle according to claim 1, wherein when grouting is performed on a nose of the shield tunneling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
and controlling the soil discharge amount of the left and right screw machines to adjust the soil pressure of the corresponding area of the front surface of the shield tunneling machine, so that the shield tunneling machine rotates in the reverse direction opposite to the deflection direction under the action of the soil pressure difference.
9. The method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield turning angle according to claim 1, wherein when grouting is performed on a nose of the shield tunneling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the erector grabs the section of jurisdiction, utilize the double track roof beam handling next section of jurisdiction to the shield constructs the corresponding one side in place ahead to increase the weight that the shield constructs the corresponding one side of machine, thereby make the shield construct the machine towards with the opposite direction rotation of deflection direction.
10. The method for controlling the large-section quasi-rectangular shield turning angle according to claim 1, wherein when grouting is performed on a nose of the shield tunneling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
and placing a balance weight on one side of the shield machine to increase the weight of the corresponding side of the shield machine, so that the shield machine rotates towards the direction opposite to the deflection direction.
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