CN111171633A - Ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111171633A CN111171633A CN202010061597.6A CN202010061597A CN111171633A CN 111171633 A CN111171633 A CN 111171633A CN 202010061597 A CN202010061597 A CN 202010061597A CN 111171633 A CN111171633 A CN 111171633A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of conductive ink, and particularly relates to inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink and a preparation method thereof. The ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink disclosed by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01-20% of nano silver rod, 0.0001-2% of auxiliary agent, 0.0001-5% of monomer or resin, 1-5% of initiator based on the mass of the monomer or resin, and the balance of solvent. The ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink provided by the invention can be used for ink-jet printing, and a spray head is not blocked; the monomer or the resin is added into the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink, so that the compactness of the coating is improved, the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink can be filled around a conductive material, and a silver migration channel is blocked, so that the migration of silver ions is hindered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of conductive ink, and particularly relates to ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development of information technology, researchers have developed a new field of electronic inkjet printing (electronic inkjet printing) by preparing functional ink by replacing pigments in conventional ink with functional materials and successfully applying the technology to the preparation of electronic products. Therefore, the inkjet printing technology for directly manufacturing a circuit on a substrate is receiving attention, and the traditional printed circuit industry uses the photolithography technology, which involves the processes of etching, metal deposition, electroplating and the like, and is accompanied by the generation of a large amount of toxic chemical wastes. The nano metal ink-jet printing technology only needs two steps of printing and coating post-treatment when electronic products are produced, so that the preparation process is greatly simplified, the production efficiency is improved, and waste and pollution are avoided. Compared with the traditional electronic product manufacturing technology such as photoetching (photolithiography), the electronic ink-jet printing has the characteristics of non-contact, addition type, low cost and the like, so that the large area production of electronic products and the flexibility of substrates become possible; compared with traditional printing processes such as screen printing and the like, the ink-jet printing does not need a screen printing plate, so that the research and development cost of new products is reduced, and in addition, the ink-jet printing has obvious advantages in the aspects of resolution and multi-layer printing.
With the rapid development of ink-jet printed electronic technology, the related printed electronic materials attract the attention of people, and especially the conductive ink which is the core component of the ink-jet printed electronic technology has been developed at home and abroad. The conductive ink is used as a basic material of a conductive pattern, is a bottleneck of the development of a printed electronic technology, and directly influences the performance and quality of an electronic product. The common conductive components include nano-metals, conductive polymers, carbon materials, and the like. The nano metal has the outstanding advantages of small size, low melting point, excellent performance after sintering and the like, and can be smoothly sprayed out from a micron-sized diameter nozzle of an ink-jet printer, so that the nano metal can be widely used for conductive ink-jet as a conductive filler.
Silver has the characteristics of higher electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, excellent physical and chemical properties, acceptable price, easy processing, certain electrical conductivity of oxides of the silver, and the like, and is widely used as a conductive component of conductive ink. For example, CN109535849A discloses an inkjet nano silver conductive ink and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following components: 12-30 parts of nano silver, 55-80 parts of deionized water, 0.02-2 parts of cosolvent, 0.1-1.0 part of wetting dispersant, 0.4-3.0 parts of binder, 0.2-0.6 part of defoamer, 3.0-10.0 parts of humectant and 0.5-0.6 part of viscosity regulator. CN102382502A discloses an inkjet nano-silver conductive ink and a preparation method thereof. The ink-jet nano silver conductive ink comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2-20% of nano silver particles with the surface coated with an organic protective agent and the particle diameter of less than 50nm, 2-10% of energetic additive, 50-90% of ink solvent, 0.1-5% of surface tension regulator, 4-20% of tackifier and 0.01-0.1% of preservative.
However, the nano silver is easy to migrate on the insulator, so that the insulation resistance value between the electrodes is reduced, and finally, a short circuit is formed, namely, the phenomenon of silver migration is formed; after silver is dissociated into silver ions, the silver ions migrate from a high potential to a low potential and form flocculent or branched channels, which, when severe to a certain extent, may cause the device to fail. However, the migration of silver ions must be completed in a certain medium, that is, an electrolyte material including water vapor, most polymers/high molecular materials and individual inorganic materials, etc., silver ions will grow a dendritic structure like "swimming" in these media under the action of an electric field, which is also a reason why a touch screen is easy to lose its touch function after being electrified for a certain time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink, in which a monomer or a resin is added to the inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink, so that a nozzle is not blocked, a degree of compactness of a coating is improved, the inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink can be filled around a conductive material, and a silver migration channel is blocked, thereby blocking migration of silver ions.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
further, the monomer is a water-soluble or alcohol-soluble organic small molecular compound;
preferably a water-soluble or alcohol-soluble organic small molecule compound having a relative molecular mass of less than 500;
more preferably at least one of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, butyl acrylate, glyceryl acrylate, pentaerythritol tripropionate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, N-vinylpyrrolidone or acryloylmorpholine.
Further, the resin is resin with the glass transition temperature of 80-180 ℃;
at least one of aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, epoxy acrylate oligomer, or polyester (meth) acrylate is preferable.
In the invention, the aliphatic polyurethane acrylate oligomer can be Sadoma CN9006NS or Changxing chemical DR-U026, etc.; the epoxy acrylate oligomer can be chemical 6210G of Changxing, and the like; the polyester (methyl) acrylate can be M-7100 synthesized in east Asia and the like.
According to the invention, the water-soluble or alcohol-soluble organic micromolecule compound with the relative molecular mass of less than 500 or the resin with the glass transition temperature controlled at 80-180 ℃ is added into the components of the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink, the compactness of the coating is improved after the resin is treated at the glass transition temperature, and the monomer/resin can be filled around the conductive material to block a silver migration channel, so that the migration of silver ions is hindered.
Furthermore, the particle size of the nano silver rod is 8-35nm, the length is 0.5-10 μm, and the length-diameter ratio is controlled within 600.
The invention uses the thin nano silver rod with the length-diameter ratio within 600, can be used for ink-jet printing and does not block a spray head.
In the invention, the initiator can be a water-based initiator or an alcohol-soluble initiator.
Specifically, the aqueous initiator may be an aryl ketone, including at least one of a benzophenone derivative, a thioxanthone derivative, an alkyl aryl ketone derivative, or a benzil derivative. The aqueous initiator can also be at least one of a photoinitiator 2959, Dow AMP-95, IRGACURE 819 or IRGACURE 500.
The alcohol-soluble initiator can be at least one of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-phenyl acetone-1 (photoinitiator 1173), TPO or BDK.
In the invention, the solvent is one or more of water, ethanol or isopropanol.
In the present invention, the auxiliary may be one or more selected from wetting dispersants, defoamers, and coalescing agents.
In the invention, the wetting dispersant is mainly used for reducing the surface tension of the ink and improving the leveling property of the ink; such as bike DISPERBYK-199, DISPERBYK-2015, DISPERBYK-2012, BYK3410, DISPERBYK-180; TEGOERBYK-1802tps, 740, 750, 755, A,Wet 280, Wet KL 245, Dispers 650; in particular, the wetting dispersant may also participate in the photocuring reaction, thereby giving the printed article a transparent appearance.
Specifically, the wetting dispersant may be one or more of a silicone acrylate and a modified polysiloxane-based polymer capable of radiation crosslinking. The organic silicon acrylate capable of being subjected to radiation crosslinking can be TEGO RAD2010, 2011, 2100, 2200N, 2250 and the like of Digao company, and can participate in a photocuring reaction and perform a crosslinking reaction, so that phenomena such as fogging of a printed product can be inhibited; the modified polysiloxane polymer may be BYK-333, BYK-371, BYK-377 from Bick, Tego wet 270 from Digao, Tego Glide 450 from Digao, and the like.
The defoaming agent is mainly used for eliminating bubbles generated in the filtering and printing processes and avoiding the generated bubbles from influencing the printing fluency; the defoamer can be a silicone-free polymer, such as digao silicone-free defoamers TEGO Airex920, TEGO Airex 921, and the like.
The film-forming assistant is used for preventing the ink composition from depositing, so that the stability of the ink composition in the storage process is ensured; the type of the film-forming aid is not particularly limited as long as the aforementioned requirements are satisfied. The film-forming auxiliary agent is starch, arabic gum, pectin, agar, gelatin, alginate jelly, carrageenan, dextrin, etc., general gelatin, soluble starch, polysaccharide derivative, etc.; the synthetic product comprises at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, propylene glycol alginate, methyl cellulose, sodium starch phosphate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, casein, sodium polyacrylate, polyoxyethylene, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid;
s2, uniformly mixing the nano silver rod dispersion liquid prepared in the step S1 with the auxiliary agent, the monomer/resin, the initiator and the solvent, and filtering to obtain the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink.
Further, in step S1, the preparation process of the nano silver rod dispersion liquid includes the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing ethylene glycol, silver nitrate ethylene glycol solution, sodium chloride, PVP ethylene glycol solution and a thickening agent to obtain reaction liquid;
s12, adding the reaction solution into a flask, placing the flask in a vacuum drying oven, introducing inert gas, displacing the gas, adjusting the vacuum degree to be-0.15-0.05 Mpa, rotating at the speed of 500-2000r/min, heating to 100-140 ℃, and preserving the heat for 20-28h to obtain a nano silver rod stock solution;
and S13, carrying out surface treatment on the nano silver rod stock solution to obtain the nano silver rod dispersion solution.
The thickener used in step S11 is starch, sodium polyacrylate, polyoxyethylene, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and PVM/MA decadiene cross-linked polymer (cross-linked polymer of polyvinyl methyl ether/methyl acrylate and decadiene).
Further, the surface treatment described in the above step S13 includes the steps of:
s131, dispersing the nano silver rod stock solution into water, adding aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, centrifuging, and removing upper liquid after the nano silver rod is settled to the bottom;
s132, dispersing the nano silver rod settled to the bottom into water, adding aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, centrifuging, removing the upper layer liquid after the nano silver rod settled to the bottom, and repeating for 2-5 times;
and S133, dispersing the nano silver rod settled to the bottom into water to obtain the nano silver rod dispersion liquid.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
in the step S131, the mass-volume ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the nano silver rod stock solution is 0.02-0.03: 1g/ml, preferably 0.025: 1 g/ml;
in step S132, the mass ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the silver nanorods is 1: 20-30, preferably 1: 25.
the invention also provides application of the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink in preparing a transparent conductive film.
Specifically, when the transparent conductive film is applied, the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink is printed on a substrate, and is dried and then thermally cured/photocured to obtain the transparent conductive film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink provided by the invention can be used for ink-jet printing, and a spray head is not blocked;
(2) according to the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink, the monomer or the resin is added, so that the compactness of the coating is improved, the coating can be filled around a conductive material, and a silver migration channel is blocked, so that the migration of silver ions is hindered.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Consists of the following components:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid:
s11, adding 50ml of ethylene glycol into a single-neck flask, adding 10ml of silver nitrate ethylene glycol solution with the molar concentration of 5mM, 10ml of sodium chloride with the molar concentration of 0.006mM, 30ml of PVP ethylene glycol solution with the molar concentration of 2mM and a thickener carboxymethyl cellulose, mixing, and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a reaction solution;
s12, adding the reaction solution into a flask, placing the flask in a vacuum drying oven, introducing inert gas, replacing the gas for three times, adjusting the vacuum degree to be 0.1Mpa, rotating speed to be 1000r/min, heating to 120 ℃, and preserving heat for 24 hours to obtain a nano silver rod stock solution;
s13, carrying out surface treatment on the silver rod to obtain the silver rod dispersion liquid, wherein the surface treatment comprises the following steps:
s131, dispersing 100ml of the nano silver rod stock solution into 500ml of water, slowly adding 2.5g of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, centrifuging, and removing the upper layer of liquid after the nano silver rod is settled to the bottom;
s132, dispersing the nano silver rod settled to the bottom into 500ml of water, slowly adding 0.5g of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, centrifuging, removing the upper-layer liquid after the nano silver rod settled to the bottom, and repeating for 3 times;
and S133, dispersing the nano silver rod settled to the bottom into 200ml of water to obtain the nano silver rod dispersion liquid.
S2 preparation of ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink
And (4) uniformly mixing the nano silver rod dispersion liquid prepared in the step (S1) with an auxiliary agent, resin, an initiator and a solvent according to the proportion, and filtering to obtain the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink.
Example 2
Consists of the following components:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid:
s11, same as example 1;
s12, the operation process is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the vacuum degree is-0.05 Mpa, the rotating speed is 1500r/min, the temperature is raised to 140 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 28 h;
s13, the operation is the same as in example 1, except that in the following steps:
s131, the mass of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 3 g;
s132, the mass ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the nano silver rod is 1: 20.
s2 preparation of ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink
The same as in example 1.
Example 3
Consists of the following components:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid:
s11, same as example 1;
s12, the operation process is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the vacuum degree is-0.12 Mpa, the rotating speed is 1200r/min, the temperature is raised to 115 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 22 h;
s13, the operation is the same as in example 1, except that in the following steps:
s131, the mass of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 2.2 g;
s132, the mass ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the nano silver rod is 1: 30.
s2 preparation of ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink
The same as in example 1.
Example 4
Consists of the following components:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid:
s11, same as example 1;
s12, the operation process is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the vacuum degree is-0.12 Mpa, the rotating speed is 1200r/min, the temperature is raised to 125 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 26 h;
s13, the operation is the same as in example 1, except that in the following steps: s131, the mass of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 2.6 g;
s132, the mass ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the nano silver rod is 1: 24.
s2 preparation of ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink
The same as in example 1.
Example 5
Consists of the following components:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid:
s11, same as example 1;
s12, the operation process is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the vacuum degree is-0.15 Mpa, the rotating speed is 500r/min, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, and the temperature is preserved for 20 h;
s13, the operation is the same as in example 1, except that in the following steps:
s131, the mass of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 2 g;
s132, the mass ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the nano silver rod is 1: 25.
s2 preparation of the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink is the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example refers to example 1, with the difference from example 1 that the composition is as follows:
comparative example 2
This comparative example refers to example 1, with the difference from example 1 that the composition is as follows:
the inks prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were printed on PET, glass, and other substrates using an inkjet printer according to a wiring pattern, dried at 80-120 ℃ until the solvent evaporated, cured by UV light, treated at a glass transition temperature for 10s-10min to obtain a transparent conductive film, sprayed with a protective solution, and cured to obtain a protective layer having a thickness of 100nm after the solvent evaporated. The obtained conductive film is subjected to sheet resistance test, haze test and 240h resistance amplification test under the environment of 85 ℃/85% RH. The results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Square resistance (omega/□) | Haze (%) | 240h resistance amplification under 85 ℃/85% RH environment | |
Example 1 | 20 | 2.5 | 5% |
Example 2 | 100 | 0.8 | 4% |
Example 3 | 16 | 3.5 | 6% |
Example 4 | 11 | 5 | 9% |
Example 5 | 2 | 10 | 15% |
Comparative example 1 | 22 | 2.5 | ∞ |
Comparative example 2 | 25 | 2.3 | 400% |
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
2. the inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink according to claim 1,
the monomer is a water-soluble or alcohol-soluble organic micromolecular compound;
preferably a water-soluble or alcohol-soluble organic small molecule compound having a relative molecular mass of less than 500;
more preferably at least one of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, butyl acrylate, glyceryl acrylate, pentaerythritol tripropionate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, N-vinylpyrrolidone or acryloylmorpholine.
3. The inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink according to claim 1,
the resin is resin with the glass transition temperature within the range of 80-180 ℃;
at least one of aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, epoxy acrylate oligomer, or polyester (meth) acrylate is preferable.
4. The inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nano silver rod has a particle size of 8 to 35nm, a length of 0.5 to 10 μm, and an aspect ratio of 600 or less.
5. The preparation method of the inkjet nano silver rod conductive ink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a nano silver rod dispersion liquid;
and S2, uniformly mixing the nano silver rod dispersion liquid prepared in the step S1 with the auxiliary agent, the monomer/resin, the initiator and the solvent, and filtering to obtain the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step S1, the process of preparing the nano silver rod dispersion liquid comprises the following steps:
s11, uniformly mixing ethylene glycol, silver nitrate ethylene glycol solution, sodium chloride, PVP ethylene glycol solution and a thickening agent to obtain reaction liquid;
s12, adding the reaction solution into a flask, placing the flask in a vacuum drying oven, introducing inert gas, displacing the gas, adjusting the vacuum degree to be-0.15-0.05 Mpa, rotating at the speed of 500-2000r/min, heating to 100-140 ℃, and preserving the heat for 20-28h to obtain a nano silver rod stock solution;
and S13, carrying out surface treatment on the nano silver rod stock solution to obtain the nano silver rod dispersion solution.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S13, the surface treatment comprises the following steps:
s131, dispersing the nano silver rod stock solution into water, adding aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, centrifuging, and removing upper liquid after the nano silver rod is settled to the bottom;
s132, dispersing the nano silver rod settled to the bottom into water, adding aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, stirring, centrifuging, removing the upper layer liquid after the nano silver rod settled to the bottom, and repeating for 2-5 times;
and S133, dispersing the nano silver rod settled to the bottom into water to obtain the nano silver rod dispersion liquid.
8. The production method according to claim 7,
in the step S131, the mass-volume ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the nano silver rod stock solution is 0.02-0.03: 1g/ml, preferably 0.025: 1 g/ml;
in step S132, the mass ratio of the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate to the silver nanorods is 1: 20-30, preferably 1: 25.
9. use of the inkjet nanosilver rod conductive ink according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for the preparation of transparent conductive films.
10. The application of claim 9, wherein the transparent conductive film is obtained by printing the ink-jet nano silver rod conductive ink on a substrate, drying and then thermally curing or photocuring.
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