CN111171107A

CN111171107A - Glucoside alkaloid, preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111171107A
Application number: CN201910925196.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建农; 杜肖
Original assignee: Xiyuan Hospital China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences
Current assignee: Xiyuan Hospital China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences
Priority date: 2019-09-27
Filing date: 2019-09-27
Publication date: 2020-05-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a glucoside alkaloid, a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to galactosides with four different structures, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound has good inhibition and treatment effects on various tumors such as S180 sarcoma, Ehrlich ascites tumor, Lewis lung cancer transplantation tumor, mouse liver cancer cell H22 transplantation tumor, human lung cancer gland cell A549 nude mouse transplantation tumor, human lung squamous carcinoma cell NCI-H520 nude mouse transplantation tumor, human large cell lung cancer NCI-H460 nude mouse transplantation tumor and the like.

Description

Glucoside alkaloid, preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medicine preparation, in particular to glucoside alkaloid and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The glucoside alkaloid is mainly distributed in plants of Solanaceae and Liliaceae, and comprises hydrophobic aglycone and hydrophilic oligosaccharide chain, wherein the aglycone comprises spirostane, solanesol and other steroid derivatives, and the oligosaccharide chain comprises 3-4 monosaccharides and is steroid saponin. The plant synthesized glucoside alkaloid is mainly used for defending the invasion of microorganisms, animals and insects, so the glucoside alkaloid has certain toxicity, and meanwhile, the plant synthesized glucoside alkaloid also has various physiological activities of reducing cholesterol and hypertension, diminishing inflammation, promoting blood circulation, relieving pain, resisting allergy, enhancing the immunity of the organism, resisting pathogenic microorganisms and the like, and has potential medicinal value. Solanaceae and liliaceae plants widely exist in nature, such as solanum lyratum, potatoes, tomatoes and other plants, have high economic value, the traditional Chinese medicine solanum lyratum is originally carried in Shennong Baicao Jing, is sweet in taste and cold in nature, has the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, dispelling wind, removing blood stasis and the like, and researches show that the main chemical component of solanum lyratum is glucoside alkaloid, so that the research on extracting novel glucoside alkaloid from the traditional Chinese medicine solanum lyratum has important significance.

In view of the above medicinal effects of glycoside alkaloids, which are very important to the glycoside alkaloids by the medical community, chinese patent document CN102319319A discloses a solanum lyratum extract and an anticancer drug comprising the solanum lyratum extract, which is prepared by the following steps: extracting herba Solani Lyrati with ethanol, extracting herba Solani Lyrati with ethanol under reflux, recovering solvent, and evaporating to dryness to obtain ethanol extract; refining: the ethanol extract is dissolved in water, adsorbed by a weak-acid cation exchange macroporous resin column, sequentially eluted by ethanol and hydrochloric acid ethanol, hydrochloric acid ethanol eluent is collected, ammonia water is used for neutralizing to be neutral, and desalination is carried out to obtain the solanum dulcamara extract, wherein the solanum dulcamara extract comprises 1-60% of steroid alkaloid, and experiments prove that the solanum dulcamara extract has good anti-tumor effect on S180 sarcoma, Ehrlich ascites tumor, Lewis lung cancer transplantation tumor and mouse liver cancer cell H22 transplantation tumor.

Chinese patent documents CN106928309A, CN106939031A and CN106928309B disclose three glucoside alkaloids extracted from solanum dulcamara, and preparation methods and applications thereof. However, the glucoside alkaloids which can be separated and extracted are limited in types, complex in structure, single in action effect, high in energy consumption and heavy in pollution in the extraction process, and the development of the glucoside alkaloids is severely limited, so that how to provide a preparation method of glucoside alkaloids which can extract more glucoside alkaloids so as to enable the glucoside alkaloids to have better action effect and simple, convenient, energy-saving and environment-friendly process and clarify the application of the glucoside alkaloids is a problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides an energy-saving, environment-friendly and efficient preparation method of glucoside alkaloids, and the process is improved to extract more types of glucoside alkaloids and clarify the application of the glucoside alkaloids.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides four novel compound structures, namely glycoside alkaloid, with the molecular formula: c₄₅H₇₅NO₁₇the molecular weight of 901, named (3 β,5 α,20S,22S,23R,25S) -16, 22-epoxy-23, 26-cyclic imine-cholesterol-3-yloxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) -oxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) - β -D-galactopyranoside, is compound 1, having the following structural formula:

a glycoside alkaloid of the formula: c₄₅H₇₃NO₁₇899, named (3 β,20S,22S,23R,25S) -16, 22-epoxy-23, 26-cyclic imine-cholester-5-enyl-3-yloxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) -oxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 2, below, having the following structural formula:

a glycoside alkaloid of the formula: c₄₅H₇₃NO₁₇893, named (3 β,25R) -16, 23-epoxy-23, 24-cycloimine-cholesterol-5, 16,20,23(N) -tetraen-3 β -ol-3-O- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) - β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 3, having the following structural formula:

a glycoside alkaloid of the formula: c₄₅H₆₇NO₁₇893, named 16, 23-epoxy-22, 26-cyclic imine-cholesterol-5, 22(N),23, 25-tetraen-3 β -ol-3-O- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) - β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 4, below, having the following structural formula:

the invention further provides a preparation method of the four compounds, which comprises the following steps:

(1) reflux-extracting herba Solani Lyrati dried whole plant with 70% ethanol water solution, filtering, concentrating the filtrate to extract with relative density of 1.05 at 50 deg.C, adding distilled water for dispersing, filtering, adding the filtrate to D151 macroporous adsorbent resin column, eluting with 2-4 times column volume of distilled water and 2-4 times column volume of 95% ethanol water solution, discarding eluate, eluting with 3-5 times column volume of 6 ‰ hydrochloric acid ethanol water solution with ethanol volume concentration of 95%, collecting hydrochloric acid ethanol eluate, neutralizing with ammonia water to neutrality, filtering, concentrating the filtrate to dry, dispersing with distilled water, adding dispersed medicinal liquid to AB-8 macroporous adsorbent resin, eluting with 6-10 times column volume of distilled water, discarding, eluting with 3-5 times column volume of 95% ethanol water solution, collecting ethanol eluate, concentrating, and drying to obtain herba Solani Lyrati total alkali;

(2) adding the solanum lyratum total alkali sample prepared in the step (1) into an alcohol solution with the volume concentration of 60%, heating to 90 ℃ for dissolution, then adding thin-layer chromatography silica gel for uniform mixing, then separating through normal-phase silica gel column chromatography, performing gradient elution by using an eluent formed by ethyl acetate and an ethanol water solution with the volume ratio of (3-0): 1, wherein the volume concentration of the ethanol water solution is 93-97%, using a hydrochloric acid water solution modified bismuth potassium iodide test solution as a color developing agent, detecting through the thin-layer chromatography, and combining the same fractions;

(3) filtering the different components obtained in the step (2) with 0.45um filter membranes respectively, then separating and purifying by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography, and collecting eluates with different retention times to obtain 1-4 glucoside alkaloid compounds.

Wherein, 45-55 parts by weight of solanum lyratum total alkali sample is weighed in the step (2), added into 400-600 parts by volume of 60% ethanol water solution with volume concentration, heated to 80-100 ℃, then added with 10-20 parts by weight of thin layer chromatography silica gel, mixed uniformly, and loaded on 700-900 parts by weight of thin layer chromatography silica gel for silica gel column chromatography separation (the relation between the parts by weight and the parts by volume is g/mL).

The preparation method of the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution modified bismuth potassium iodide test solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps:

weighing 0.8-0.9 part by weight of basic bismuth nitrate, sequentially adding 9-11 parts by volume of glacial acetic acid, 39-41 parts by volume of water and 19-21 parts by volume of potassium iodide solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a bismuth potassium iodide test solution; and adding 0.6mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution into the potassium bismuth iodide test solution, wherein the volume ratio of the potassium bismuth iodide test solution to the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is 1:2, thus obtaining the modified potassium bismuth iodide test solution of the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (the relationship between the parts by weight and the parts by volume is g/mL).

The liquid chromatography mobile phase in the step (3) is an acetonitrile/water/acid system, the acid is trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with the concentration of 0.05%, and the acetonitrile/water mixing ratio is 5:95-95: 5.

Preferably, the chromatographic conditions of the separation and purification process of the high performance liquid chromatography in the step (3) are as follows: c18 liquid chromatography column, 10u250 x 10 mm; gradient elution was performed with acetonitrile containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase a and water containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase B according to the following procedure: 0-60 min, mobile phase A: the volume ratio of the mobile phase B is 5%: 95% → 95% to 5%; controlling the flow rate of the mobile phase to be 2 mL/min; the column temperature was controlled at 25 ℃.

The invention also provides the glucoside alkaloid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or carriers thereof.

The invention also provides a preparation which comprises the glucoside alkaloid preparation as described in claims 1-4, or the preparation which comprises the glucoside alkaloid prepared by the preparation method of the glucoside alkaloid as described in claims 5-6, or the preparation which comprises the glucoside alkaloid as described in claim 7 and pharmaceutically acceptable salt or carrier thereof, and the preparation which takes the glucoside alkaloid as an effective component is added with conventional auxiliary materials and prepared into a clinically acceptable preparation according to a conventional process.

Preferably, the formulation comprises a tablet, capsule, granule, syrup, powder, pill, tincture, medicated wine, soft extract, lozenge or mixture.

The invention also specifically defines the application of the glucoside alkaloid and the preparation prepared by the preparation method of the glucoside alkaloid in treating S180 sarcoma, Ehrlich ascites tumor, Lewis lung cancer transplantation tumor, mouse liver cancer cell H22 transplantation tumor, human lung cancer gland cell A549 nude mouse transplantation tumor, human lung squamous carcinoma cell NCI-H520 nude mouse transplantation tumor and human large cell lung cancer NCI-H460 nude mouse transplantation tumor.

Through the scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses four new compounds 1-4 and a preparation method thereof, wherein a pharmaceutical composition containing the four new compounds has good treatment and inhibition effects on various tumors such as S180 sarcoma, Ehrlich ascites tumor, Lewis lung cancer transplantation tumor, mouse liver cancer cell H22 transplantation tumor, human lung cancer glandular cell A549 nude mouse transplantation tumor, human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell NCI-H520 nude mouse transplantation tumor, human large cell lung cancer NCI-H460 nude mouse transplantation tumor and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Compound 1 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a drawing showing Compound 1 obtained in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of Compound 1 prepared in example 1 of the present invention¹³C NMR spectrum;

FIG. 4 is a chart showing the H-H cosy spectrum of Compound 1 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the HMQC spectrum of Compound 1 prepared in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a chart showing HMBC spectra of compound 1 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a chart showing the spectra of the Tocsy spectrum of Compound 1 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a Noesy spectrum of Compound 1, obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of Compound 2 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a drawing showing Compound 2 obtained in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram;

FIG. 11 is a drawing showing Compound 2 obtained in example 1 of the present invention¹³C NMR spectrum;

FIG. 12 is a chart showing the H-H cosy spectrum of Compound 2 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the HMQC spectrum of Compound 2 prepared in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a HMBC spectrum of compound 2 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a chart showing the spectra of the Tocsy spectrum of Compound 2 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of Compound 3 prepared in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a drawing showing Compound 3 prepared in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram;

FIG. 18 is a drawing showing Compound 3 prepared in example 1 of the present invention¹³C NMR spectrum;

FIG. 19 is a chart showing the H-H cosy spectrum of Compound 3 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a graph showing an HMQC spectrum of Compound 3 prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a chart showing HMBC spectra of compound 3 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a chart showing the spectra of the Tocsy spectrum of compound 3 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic representation of Compound 4 prepared in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic representation of Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram;

FIG. 25 is a drawing showing Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention¹³C NMR spectrum;

FIG. 26 is a chart showing the H-H cosy spectrum of compound 4 obtained in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a chart of HMQC spectra of compound 4 prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a HMBC spectrum of compound 4 prepared according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a chart showing the spectra of compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention by tossy;

FIG. 30 is a graph showing the time-tumor volume curve and the time-tumor weight curve of the tumor volume and weight trend of each group of mice in Experimental example 2 of the present invention (note: P < 0.01, vs Model control group);

FIG. 31 is a graph showing the time-tumor volume curve and the time-tumor weight curve of the tumor volume and weight trend of each group of mice in Experimental example 3 of the present invention (note: P < 0.01, vs Model control group);

FIG. 32 is a graph showing the time-tumor volume curve and the time-tumor weight curve of the tumor volume and weight trend of each group of mice in Experimental example 4 of the present invention (note: P < 0.01, vs Model control group);

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the following examples and experimental examples of the present invention,

1) medicinal materials and experimental objects:

the solanum lyratum medicinal material selected in the experiment is purchased from Jiangsu Peipi county, and identified as solanum lyratum of Solanaceae by Hoxirong Chinese institute of academy of TCM.

2) Reagents and consumables:

d151 weakly acidic propylene-based cation exchange resin (cat # 20150304);

AB-8 macroporous adsorbent resin (cat # 20150203) was purchased from Guangfu Fine chemical research institute of Tianjin;

thin layer chromatography silica gel H (chemically pure) (cat # 20151220), purchased from Qingdao ocean chemical Co., Ltd;

acetonitrile was chromatographically pure, purchased from Fisher Chemical;

95% ethanol, ammonia water, hydrochloric acid, ethyl acetate, trifluoroacetic acid and the like are analytically pure.

3) Apparatus and device

AE240 type 1/10 ten thousand electronic analytical balance (MettlerToledo);

high performance liquid chromatograph (Agilent) equipped with 1329A autosampler, 1211 quaternary gradient pump, 1322 online degasser, 1316A Column oven, 1310B variable wavelength UV-detector and 2170BA chromatography workstation, Column diamonsil C18(10 μm, 10 x 250mm) Column.

The specific method for improving the potassium bismuth iodide test solution by the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution comprises the following steps: weighing 0.85g of basic bismuth nitrate, sequentially adding 10mL of glacial acetic acid, 40mL of water and 20mL of potassium iodide solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a bismuth potassium iodide test solution; and adding 2mL of hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.6mol/L into 1mL of prepared bismuth potassium iodide test solution to obtain the bismuth potassium iodide test solution improved by the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution.

Example 1

The compounds 1-4 and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment comprise the following steps:

(1) taking 10Kg of dried Solanum lyratum Thunb, adding 80L of 70% ethanol water solution, extracting under reflux at 40 deg.C for 3 times, each time for 2 hr, filtering, and mixing filtrates; concentrating the filtrate to extract with relative density of 1.05 at 50 ℃, adding distilled water with the mass of 10 times of the extract for dispersion, filtering, adding the filtrate to a D151 macroporous adsorption resin column, eluting by using distilled water with 3 times of column volume and ethanol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 95% with 3 times of column volume in sequence, discarding eluent, then eluting by using ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 6 per mill hydrochloric acid with 4 times of column volume, wherein the volume concentration of ethanol in the hydrochloric acid ethanol aqueous solution is 95%, collecting hydrochloric acid ethanol eluent, neutralizing to neutrality by using ammonia water, filtering, concentrating the filtrate to be dry, dispersing by using distilled water, adding the dispersed liquid medicine to AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin, eluting by using distilled water with 8 times of column volume, discarding the eluent, then eluting by using ethanol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 95% with 4 times of column volume, collecting ethanol eluent, concentrating and drying, 68g of solanum lyratum total alkali is obtained, and the yield is 6.8 per mill;

(2) dissolving 50g of solanum dulcamara total alkali sample in 500mL of 60% ethanol aqueous solution with volume concentration at 90 ℃, adding 15g of thin-layer chromatography silica gel, uniformly mixing, placing on a water bath kettle, evaporating to dryness, and loading into a silica gel chromatographic column added with 800g of thin-layer chromatography silica gel for chromatographic separation; sequentially mixing ethyl acetate with the volume ratio of 3: 1, 2: 1, 1:2 and 1: 3: gradient elution is carried out by an eluent formed by an ethanol water solution, the volume concentration of the ethanol water solution is 95%, bismuth potassium iodide test solution modified by hydrochloric acid water solution is used as a color developing agent, thin-layer chromatography is used for detection, the same fractions are combined, in each gradient elution process, when the thin-layer chromatography detection result is negative, the next elution gradient is replaced, the elution step is repeated until the ratio of the eluent to the ethanol water solution is 1: 3, and finally, when the thin-layer chromatography detection result is negative, the elution is stopped.

(3) Weighing 100mg of the same fraction eluted by the eluent with the ratio of 3: 1 in the step (2), and then separating and purifying by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography, wherein the chromatographic conditions are as follows: c18 liquid chromatography column, 10u250 x 10 mm; gradient elution was performed with acetonitrile containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase a and water containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase B according to the following procedure: 0-60 min, mobile phase A: the volume ratio of the mobile phase B is 5%: 95% → 95% to 5%; controlling the flow rate of the mobile phase to be 2 mL/min; controlling the column temperature to be 25 ℃, detecting components by an ultraviolet detector, and collecting to obtain the glucoside alkaloid with the structure shown in the formula compounds 1-3.

(4) Weighing 100mg of the same fraction eluted by the eluent with the ratio of 1: 3 in the step (2), and then separating and purifying by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography, wherein the chromatographic conditions are as follows: c18 liquid chromatography column; gradient elution was performed with acetonitrile containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase a and water containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase B according to the following procedure: 0-60 min, mobile phase A: the volume ratio of the mobile phase B is 5%: 95% → 95%: 5 percent; controlling the flow rate of the mobile phase to be 2 mL/min; controlling the column temperature at 25 ℃, detecting the components by an ultraviolet detector, and collecting the glucoside alkaloid with the structure shown as the formula compound 4.

The compounds 1-4 prepared by the embodiment are respectively or randomly combined and added with conventional auxiliary materials to prepare tablets and capsules according to a conventional process.

FIG. 1 is a structural formula of a compound 1 prepared in example 1 of the present invention, and carbon numbers 1 to 27 have been indicated in the structural formula shown in FIG. 1; FIGS. 2 to 8 are views of S1 obtained in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram,¹³C NMR spectrum, H-Hcosy spectrum, HMQC spectrum, HMBC spectrum, Tocsy spectrum and Noesy spectrum;

FIG. 9 is a structural formula of Compound 2 prepared in example 1 of the present invention, carbon numbers 1-27 having been indicated in the structural formula shown in FIG. 9; FIGS. 10 to 15 are views of Compound 2 prepared in example 1 of the present invention in sequence¹HNMR spectrogram,¹³C NMR spectrum, H-H cosy spectrum, HMQC spectrum, HMBC spectrum and Tocsy spectrum; the analysis results of FIGS. 2 to 8 and 10 to 15 are shown in Table 1.

Table 1:

wherein the hydrogen spectrum and the carbon spectrum data in Table 1 are¹H-NMR (600MHz) and¹³C-NMR (150MHz), and the solvent is deuterated methanol.

FIG. 16 shows the compound prepared in example 1 of the present invention3, carbon atom numbers 1-27 have been identified in the structural formula shown in figure 16; FIGS. 17 to 22 are views of S3 obtained in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram,¹³C NMR spectrum, H-H cosy spectrum, HMQC spectrum, HMBC spectrum and Tocsy spectrum;

FIG. 23 is a structural formula of Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention, carbon numbers 1-27 having been indicated in the structural formula shown in FIG. 23; FIGS. 24 to 29 are views, in sequence, of Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention¹HNMR spectrogram,¹³C NMR spectrum, H-H cosy spectrum, HMQC spectrum, HMBC spectrum and Tocsy spectrum; the analytical results of FIGS. 17 to 22 and 24 to 29 are shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2:

wherein the hydrogen spectrum and the carbon spectrum data in Table 2 are¹H-NMR (600MHz) and¹³C-NMR (150MHz), and the solvent is deuterated methanol.

Example 2

The difference from the scheme of the embodiment 1 is that 100L of 70% ethanol aqueous solution with volume concentration is adopted for extraction in the step (1), 40g of solanum dulcamara total alkali sample is taken in the step (2) and added into 400mL of 60% ethanol aqueous solution with volume concentration to be dissolved at the temperature of 80 ℃, then 10g of thin layer chromatography silica gel is added to be uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed on a water bath pot to be dried by distillation, and the mixture is loaded into a silica gel chromatographic column added with 700g of thin layer chromatography silica gel to be subjected to chromatographic separation; the rest is the same.

The compounds 1-4 prepared by the embodiment are respectively or randomly combined and added with conventional auxiliary materials to prepare granules, powder and pills according to a conventional process.

Example 3

The difference from the scheme of the embodiment 1 is that 90L of ethanol aqueous solution with volume concentration of 70% is adopted for extraction in the step (1), 55g of solanum dulcamara total alkali sample is taken in the step (2) and added into 600mL of ethanol aqueous solution with volume concentration of 60% to be dissolved at the temperature of 100 ℃, then 20g of thin layer chromatography silica gel is added to be uniformly mixed, the mixture is placed on a water bath pot to be dried by distillation, and the mixture is loaded into a silica gel chromatographic column added with 900g of thin layer chromatography silica gel to be subjected to chromatographic separation; the rest is the same.

The compounds 1-4 prepared by the embodiment are respectively or randomly combined and added with conventional auxiliary materials, and the conventional auxiliary materials are prepared into syrup, tincture and wine according to a conventional process.

Example 4

In this embodiment, the compounds 1 to 4 prepared in this embodiment are respectively or randomly combined and added with conventional adjuvants, and the tincture is prepared according to a conventional process.

The compounds 1 to 4 prepared in the embodiment are respectively or randomly combined and added with conventional auxiliary materials to prepare soft extract, lozenge and mixture according to a conventional process.

The effects of the compounds 1 to 4 prepared by the present invention will be described below by using specific experimental examples, in which the main drugs and reagents are prepared:

taxol (Taxol) (lot number: 15100018) was purchased from Sichuan Tai Chi pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, stored at 4 ℃ in laboratory, diluted to 0.8mg/mL with physiological saline, and prepared as it is;

compound Yew capsule (HDS) (batch number: 160402) is purchased from Chongqing Sainuo biological pharmaceutical industry GmbH, stored at 4 deg.C in laboratory, added with physiological saline to 20mg/mL, and prepared for use.

Solanum lyratum total alkaloid (STA), prepared in example 1, is stored at 4 ℃ in a laboratory, and is adjusted to the required concentration by adding physiological saline, so that the STA can be prepared for use at the maximum concentration of 250 mg/mL.

Experimental example 1

Influence of the total steroidal alkaloids of solanum dulcamara, which comprises the pharmaceutical composition of the compounds 1-4, on the survival time of a Lewis tumor-transplanted mouse;

first, experiment method

1) Cell and animal:

the mouse lung cancer cell Lewis is provided by Jiangsu Kai-Keji biotechnology, Inc.;

60C 57BL/6 mice in total, female, 5W week old, body weight 16-18 g, provided by Shanghai Ling Chang Biotech limited, laboratory animal production license: SCXK (Shanghai) 2013-0018, certificate number: 2013001821142, laboratory animal use license: SYXK (Su) 2012-0004.

2) Preparation of transplanted tumor model

A Lewis cell suspension of mouse lung cancer in the logarithmic growth phase was collected, adjusted to a cell concentration of 1X 107 cells/mL, and inoculated subcutaneously in the right armpit of C57BL/6 mice at 0.1mL (i.e., 1X 106 cells) per one.

3) Animal grouping and administration

After the mouse Lewis lung cancer transplantation tumor model is successfully prepared, the growth condition of the mouse is closely observed, and animals are uniformly divided into 6 groups according to the size of the transplantation tumor: model control group, paclitaxel group, compound Taxus chinensis group, low-dose group of solanum dulcamara total alkaloid, medium-dose group of solanum dulcamara total alkaloid and high-dose group of solanum dulcamara total alkaloid. Each group had 10 patients, the dose volume was 0.1 mL/(10 g.BW), and the dose period was 28 days. Wherein the model control group was gavaged with saline (1 time/d); paclitaxel group paclitaxel was administered as an intraperitoneal injection at 8mg/kg. BW (1 time/2 d); the compound Chinese yew group is administrated with 200mg/kg of BW (1 time/d) compound Chinese yew capsules by stomach irrigation; the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group is administrated by gavage for 1 time/d, wherein the low dose group is 50mg/kg.BW, the medium dose group is 100mg/kg.BW, and the high dose group is 200 mg/kg.BW. After the administration, the animals were kept until each animal died naturally, and the life cycle of the animals was observed.

4) Observation index

The survival time of each group of animals was recorded and the life extension (%) was calculated by the following formula.

Life extension rate (%) - (average survival time of administered group-survival time of model control group)/survival time of model control group × 100%

Second, experimental results

The animal survival time test results are shown in table 3, and as can be seen from table 3, compared with the model control group, the survival time of the animals is obviously prolonged (P < 0.05), particularly the life prolonging rate of the high-dose group of the solanum dulcamara alkaloid is equivalent to that of the paclitaxel group (P > 0.05), and the survival days of the first dead animals are longer (the survival time of the mice dying first of the paclitaxel is 37 days, and the survival time of the mice dying first of the high-dose group of the solanum dulcamara alkaloid is 40 days).

Table 3: effect of STA on survival of Lewis transplanted tumor mice

Note P < 0.01, vs Model control group.

Experimental example 2

Experiments on the inhibition rate of the total steroidal alkaloids of solanum dulcamara in the pharmaceutical composition containing the compounds 1-4 of the invention on human lung cancer cells A549 in nude mice xenograft tumors:

first, experiment method

1) Cell and animal:

human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 was provided by Jiangsu Kai Biotech GmbH;

BALB/c nude mice, 60 in total, female, 5W of week age, 18-22g of body weight, provided by Shanghai Ling Chang Biotech limited, laboratory animal production license: SCXK (Shanghai) 2013-0018, certificate number: 2013001820066, 2013001820417, laboratory animal use licenses: SYXK (threo) 2012-0004;

2) preparation of nude mouse xenograft tumor model

Collecting human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell sap in logarithmic growth phase, adjusting the cell sap concentration to be 1 × 107/mL, and inoculating 0.1mL (namely 1 × 106 cells) of each cell under the right axilla of BALB/c nude mice;

3) animal grouping and administration

Selecting an A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cell strain, successfully preparing a transplanted tumor nude mouse model, measuring the diameter of the transplanted tumor of the mouse by using a vernier caliper until the tumor grows to 100-150 mm³The animals are uniformly divided into 6 groups according to the size of transplanted tumors, and the grouping and administration mode and the administration dose are the same as those of the animals in the experimental example 1' 3); according to the observed indexCorresponding data and data collection is performed.

4) Observation index

Dynamically observing and recording the weight of the mice and the change of the activity, appearance and spirit, measuring the weight 1 time (recorded as d0) when the mice are administrated in a cage, measuring the weight 1 time every 2d after the administration is started, simultaneously observing and recording the administration process of the animals and the change of the weight, the activity, the appearance and the spirit of the mice after the administration, measuring the weight and killing the mice after the continuous administration for 28d, dissecting and taking the tumor of each group of animals by operation, weighing, and simultaneously taking and keeping the transplanted tumor mice of each group and the dissected tumor picture.

Tumor volume measurement: using the method for measuring tumor diameter, the growth of transplanted tumor in mice is dynamically observed, and the long diameter (a) and the short diameter (b) of the tumor in mice are measured by a millimeter vernier caliper, and the Tumor Volume (TV) is calculated by measuring 1 time every 2d after the administration is started, and the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, a and b each represent a length and a width.

Calculating the tumor inhibition rate: the mice are sacrificed immediately after the administration, the tumors of each group of animals are dissected out and weighed, and the tumor inhibition rate is calculated according to the following formula:

tumor inhibition (%) is (average tumor weight of administration group-average tumor weight of model control group)/average tumor weight of model control group × 100%

Second, experimental results

By constructing a nude mouse xenograft tumor model of human non-small cell lung cancer, the in vivo anti-tumor effect of solanum dulcamara total alkaloid is investigated, in the administration process, each group of mice has no obvious abnormality, and the weight overall shows a trend of gradually increasing, wherein the weight of the animals of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group is increased faster than that of the animals of the compound taxus chinensis group, and the weight change trend of each group of mice is shown as a time-weight curve in fig. 30;

the tumor volume of the administration group is obviously inhibited and the tumor weight is obviously reduced compared with the model control group, the inhibiting effect of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group shows good concentration-dose dependence, and the tumor volume and weight change trend of each group of mice are respectively shown as a time-tumor volume curve and a time-tumor weight curve in a figure 30.

In terms of tumor inhibition rate, the tumor inhibition rate of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid also presents concentration-dose dependence, and the tumor inhibition rate of the high-dose group is equivalent to that of the paclitaxel (compared with the paclitaxel, P is more than 0.05), and the specific tumor inhibition rate value is shown in table 4;

table 4: inhibition rate of STA on human lung cancer cell A549 nude mouse xenograft tumor

Experimental example 3

Experiments on the inhibition rate of the solanum dulcamara total steroidal alkaloids in the pharmaceutical composition containing the compounds 1-4 of the invention on human lung cancer cells NCI-H460 nude mouse xenograft tumors;

first, experiment method

1) Cell and animal:

human large cell lung cancer cell NCI-H460 was provided by Jiangsu Kai Bio-technology GmbH;

2) preparation of nude mouse xenograft tumor model

Collecting human large cell lung cancer cell NCI-H460 cell sap of logarithmic growth phase, adjusting the cell sap concentration to 1 × 107/mL, and inoculating 0.1mL (namely 1 × 106 cells) of each cell under the right axilla of BALB/c nude mice;

3) animal grouping and administration

NCI-H460 human large cell lung cancer cell line was selected. After the nude mouse model with the transplanted tumor is successfully prepared, the diameter of the transplanted tumor of the mouse is measured by a vernier caliper until the tumor grows to 100-150 mm³The animals are evenly divided into 6 groups according to the size of the transplanted tumor, the grouping and administration mode and the administration dose are the same as those of the animals in the experimental example 1 '3)' of the invention, and corresponding data and data collection is carried out according to the observation indexes;

4) observation index

Dynamically observing and recording the weight and the changes of the activity, the appearance and the spirit of the mice, measuring the weight 1 time (marked as d0) when the mice are administrated in cages, measuring the weight 1 time every 2d after the administration is started, and simultaneously observing and recording the administration process of animals and the changes of the weight, the activity, the appearance and the spirit of the mice after the administration; after the continuous administration for 28 days, measuring the weight and killing the mice, dissecting and taking tumors of animals of each group through operation, weighing, and simultaneously taking and keeping transplanted tumor mice of each group and dissected tumor pictures;

in the formula, a and b each represent a length and a width.

Second, experimental results

By constructing a nude mouse xenograft tumor model of human non-small cell lung cancer, the in vivo anti-tumor effect of solanum dulcamara total alkaloid is investigated, in the administration process, each group of mice has no obvious abnormality, and the weight overall shows a trend of gradually increasing, wherein the weight of the animals of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group is increased faster than that of the animals of the compound taxus chinensis group, and the weight change trend of each group of mice is shown as a time-weight curve in fig. 31;

the tumor volume of the administration group is obviously inhibited and the tumor weight is obviously reduced compared with the model control group, and the inhibiting effect of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group shows good concentration-dose dependence. The tumor volume and weight trend of each group of mice are shown in the time-tumor volume curve and the time-tumor weight curve in fig. 31, respectively.

In terms of tumor inhibition rate, the tumor inhibition rate of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid also presents concentration-dose dependence, and the tumor inhibition rate of the high-dose group is equivalent to that of the paclitaxel (compared with the paclitaxel, P is more than 0.05), and the specific tumor inhibition rate value is shown in table 5;

table 5: inhibition rate of STA on human lung cancer cell NCI-H460 nude mouse xenograft tumor

Experimental example 4

first, experiment method

1) Cell and animal:

human squamous cell lung carcinoma cell NCI-H520 was provided by Kyowa Kayki Biotechnology, Inc.

2) preparation of nude mouse xenograft tumor model

Collecting cell sap of human lung squamous carcinoma cells NCI-H520 in logarithmic growth phase, adjusting the concentration of the cell sap to be 1 × 107 cells/mL, and inoculating 0.1mL (namely 1 × 106 cells) of each cell under the right axillary skin of BALB/c nude mice;

3) animal grouping and administration

Selecting a human lung squamous carcinoma cell NCI-H520 cell strain, successfully preparing a nude mouse model of the transplanted tumor, measuring the diameter of the transplanted tumor of the mouse by using a vernier caliper until the tumor grows to 100-150 mm³The animals are evenly divided into 6 groups according to the size of the transplanted tumor, the grouping and administration mode and the administration dose are the same as those of the animals in the experimental example 1 '3)' of the invention, and corresponding data and data collection is carried out according to the observation indexes;

4) observation index

The weight and changes of activity, appearance and spirit of the mice were dynamically observed and recorded, the weight was measured 1 time (recorded as d0) in the case of cage administration, 1 time every 2d after the administration was started, and the animal administration process and the changes of the weight, activity, appearance and spirit of the mice after the administration were observed and recorded. After the continuous administration for 28 days, measuring the weight and killing the mice, dissecting and taking tumors of animals of each group through operation, weighing, and simultaneously taking and keeping transplanted tumor mice of each group and dissected tumor pictures;

in the formula, a and b each represent a length and a width.

Second, experimental results

By constructing a nude mouse xenograft tumor model of human non-small cell lung cancer and investigating the in vivo anti-tumor effect of solanum dulcamara total alkaloid, in the administration process, each group of mice has no obvious abnormality and the weight overall shows a trend of gradually increasing, wherein the weight of the animals of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group is increased faster than that of the animals of the compound taxus chinensis group, and the weight change trend of each group of mice is shown as a time-weight curve in fig. 32.

The tumor volume of the administration group is obviously inhibited and the tumor weight is obviously reduced compared with the model control group, the inhibiting effect of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid group shows good concentration-dose dependence, and the tumor volume and weight change trend of each group of mice are respectively shown as a time-tumor volume curve and a time-tumor weight curve in a figure 32.

In terms of tumor inhibition rate, the tumor inhibition rate of the solanum dulcamara total alkaloid also presents concentration-dose dependence, and the tumor inhibition rate of the high-dose group is equivalent to that of the paclitaxel (compared with the paclitaxel, P is more than 0.05). Specific tumor inhibition values are shown in table 6;

table 6: inhibition rate of STA on human lung cancer cell NCI-H460 nude mouse xenograft tumor

According to the experiments, the pharmaceutical composition of solanum dulcamara total steroidal alkaloids containing the compounds 1-4 has good inhibition effect on mouse Lewis transplantation tumor, human lung adenocarcinoma cell A549 nude mouse transplantation tumor, human large cell lung cancer cell NCI-H460 nude mouse transplantation tumor and human lung squamous carcinoma cell NCI-H520 nude mouse transplantation tumor, and early-stage research shows that the solanum dulcamara total steroidal alkaloids have obvious inhibition effect on a plurality of tumor strains such as S180 sarcoma, Ehrlich ascites tumor, mouse hepatoma cell H22 transplantation tumor and the like, and specific data are shown in Chinese patent document CN 102319319A. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition containing the compounds 1-4 can be used for treating various tumors, especially non-small cell lung cancer.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. a glycoside alkaloid designated (3 β,5 α,20S,22S,23R,25S) -16, 22-epoxy-23, 26-cycloimine-cholesterol-3-yloxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) -oxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 1, having the following structural formula:

。

2. a glycoside alkaloid designated (3 β,20S,22S,23R,25S) -16, 22-epoxy-23, 26-cyclic imine-cholester in-5-enyl-3-yloxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) -oxy- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 4) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 2, having the following formula:

。

3. a glycoside alkaloid designated (3 β,25R) -16, 23-epoxy-23, 24-cycloimine-cholesterol-5, 16,20,23(N) -tetraen-3 β -ol-3-O- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) - β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 3, having the following structural formula:

。

4. a glycoside alkaloid designated 16, 23-epoxy-22, 26-cycloimine-cholesterol-5, 22(N),23, 25-tetraen-3 β -ol-3-O- β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 2) - β -D-glucopyranosyl- (1 → 6) - β -D-galactopyranoside, compound 4, having the following structural formula:

。

5. a process for the preparation of a glycoside alkaloid according to claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:

(3) filtering the different components obtained in the step (2) by using 0.45um filter membranes respectively, then separating and purifying by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography, and collecting eluents with different retention times to obtain 1-4 of the spirostane alkyl glycoside alkaloid compounds.

6. The method for preparing glycoside alkaloid of claim 5, wherein the chromatographic conditions of the separation and purification process of the high performance liquid chromatography in step (3) are as follows: c18 liquid chromatography column, 10u250 x 10 mm; gradient elution was performed with acetonitrile containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase a and water containing 0.05% TFA as mobile phase B according to the following procedure: 0-60 min, mobile phase A: the volume ratio of the mobile phase B is 5%: 95% → 95% to 5%; controlling the flow rate of the mobile phase to be 2 mL/min; the column temperature was controlled at 25 ℃.

7. A glycoside alkaloid of claims 1-4, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or carriers thereof.

8. The preparation comprising the glycoside alkaloid of claims 1-4, or the preparation comprising the glycoside alkaloid prepared by the preparation method of the glycoside alkaloid of any one of claims 5-6, or the preparation comprising the glycoside alkaloid of claim 7 and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or carriers thereof, is characterized in that the preparation is prepared into a clinically acceptable preparation by taking the glycoside alkaloid as an active ingredient and adding conventional auxiliary materials according to a conventional process.

9. The formulation of claim 8, wherein the formulation comprises a tablet, capsule, granule, syrup, powder, pill, tincture, wine, electuary, lozenge or mixture.

10. Use of the glycoside alkaloid of claims 1-4, the glycoside alkaloid produced by the process for producing a glycoside alkaloid of claims 5-6, or the formulation of claims 8-9 for the treatment of S180 sarcoma, ehrlich ascites tumor, Lewis lung cancer graft tumor, mouse hepatoma cell H22 graft tumor, human lung carcinoma adenocarcinoma cell a549 nude mouse graft tumor, human lung squamous carcinoma cell NCI-H520 nude mouse graft tumor, and human large cell lung carcinoma NCI-H460 nude mouse graft tumor.