CN111170011A - Automatic economizer of pneumatic ash conveying system of thermal power plant - Google Patents
Automatic economizer of pneumatic ash conveying system of thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111170011A CN111170011A CN202010047290.0A CN202010047290A CN111170011A CN 111170011 A CN111170011 A CN 111170011A CN 202010047290 A CN202010047290 A CN 202010047290A CN 111170011 A CN111170011 A CN 111170011A
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- air
- lubricating oil
- heat exchanger
- air compressor
- outlet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/04—Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides
- B65G53/16—Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
An automatic energy-saving device of a pneumatic ash conveying system of a thermal power plant is characterized in that a lubricating oil outlet of an air compressor is communicated to a lubricating oil inlet of a heat exchanger through a lubricating oil circulating pump and a circulating pump outlet valve, a lubricating oil outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated to a lubricating oil inlet of the air compressor, an oil temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline, an air path inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with an ash bucket gasification fan, an air path outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated to an ash bucket through an electric heater, an air temperature sensor is arranged on an air path, and an ash; the electric heater, the two sensors, the cooling water electric regulating valve, the lubricating oil circulating pump and the signal control end of the oil temperature sensor are all connected with the centralized controller, lubricating oil waste heat in the air compressor is recycled and exchanged through the heat exchanger and supplied to the ash bucket gasification fan, and a large amount of heat generated in the air compressing process of the air compressor is utilized to heat ash bucket gasification air, so that the power consumption of equipment is reduced, the unit efficiency and the economy of a power plant are improved, and the energy-saving air-conditioning system has a remarkable energy-saving effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste heat recycling device of a thermal power plant, in particular to an automatic energy-saving device of a pneumatic ash conveying system of the thermal power plant.
Background
The coal burned in the thermal power plant generates a large amount of coal ash, the smoke particles are collected by the electric dust collector and fall into the bin pump along the ash bucket for temporary storage, and the compressed air waiting for ash conveying sweeps and carries the smoke particles, and finally the smoke particles enter the ash warehouse.
The air compressor (air compressor for short) is the main component equipment of the pneumatic ash conveying system of the coal-fired power plant, and the compressed air with certain pressure generated by the air compressor is the conveying power of the whole ash conveying system.
In a screw type air compressor, a pair of rotors engaged with each other are provided in a casing, and are driven by a motor to rotate at a high speed to discharge sucked continuous air by extrusion. When the rotor rotates to suck air, the lubricating oil is sprayed into the compressor body and directly mixed with the air. The lubricating oil has the functions of sealing the gap and reducing air leakage; secondly, the rotating part is lubricated, and the mechanical abrasion is reduced. The third most important function is cooling, carrying away the large amount of heat generated during the compression of the gas. When the air compressor normally works, the temperature of the uncooled lubricating oil exceeds 90 ℃, and the exhaust temperature of equipment under the normal condition is close to 100 ℃. If the heat can be recycled, a considerable energy-saving effect can be produced.
In order to prevent the coal ash trapped by electric dust removal from hardening on the ash bucket wall, the power plant is provided with an ash bucket gasification fan, and an electric heater is arranged at an air outlet of the ash bucket gasification fan. The hot air is continuously blown into the ash hopper, so that the coal ash iron wall is avoided. The electric heater has large power, and the unit needs to be continuously put into operation, which brings large electric energy consumption. If the air could be preheated with other heat, there would be no doubt be a reduction in the electrical power consumed by the apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic energy-saving device of a pneumatic ash conveying system of a thermal power plant, which is a combined energy-saving device for recovering waste heat of lubricating oil of an ash conveying air compressor and supplying the waste heat to an ash bucket gasification fan air heater for utilization.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an automatic energy-saving device of a pneumatic ash conveying system of a thermal power plant comprises an air compressor 7, wherein a lubricating oil outlet of the air compressor 7 is communicated to a lubricating oil inlet of a heat exchanger 12 through a lubricating oil circulating pump 10 and a circulating pump outlet valve 11, a lubricating oil outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the lubricating oil inlet of the air compressor 7, an oil temperature sensor 13 is arranged on a pipeline, an air path inlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with an ash bucket gasification fan 1, an air path outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is communicated to an ash bucket 5 through an electric heater 3, an air temperature sensor 4 is arranged on an air path behind the electric heater 3, an ash conveying outlet of the air compressor 7 is communicated to a bin pump 6;
and signal control ends of the electric heater 3, the air temperature sensor 4, the cooling water electric regulating valve 8, the lubricating oil circulating pump 10 and the oil temperature sensor 13 are all connected with the integrated controller 9.
The centralized controller 9 adopts a single chip microcomputer of MCS-51 series 80C 51.
And a cooling water channel controlled by a cooling water electric adjusting door 8 is arranged in the air compressor 7.
The outlet of the ash bucket gasification fan 1 is provided with a bypass which is connected with a heat exchanger 12 in parallel, and the bypass is provided with a heat exchanger bypass valve 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention is arranged around the electric dust removal, the ash conveying air compressor and the ash bucket gasification fan can be arranged below the electric dust removal device, the layout is compact, the pipe is saved, and the overall cost of the system is reduced.
2. The invention recovers the waste heat of the lubricating oil of the ash conveying air compressor, is used for preheating the air gasified by the ash hopper, does not additionally increase the energy consumption, reduces the power consumption of the electric heater and has obvious energy-saving effect.
3. The integrated controller 9, the sensor, the electric heater and the like form a control system, so that automatic and intelligent operation is realized, the heat of lubricating oil is recycled to the maximum extent, the power consumption of the electric heater is reduced, and the energy-saving level is improved. Meanwhile, the reliability of the equipment is greatly improved by adding the heat exchanger bypass and the water cooling device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an automatic energy-saving device of a pneumatic ash conveying system of a thermal power plant comprises an air compressor 7, a lubricating oil outlet of the air compressor 7 is communicated to a lubricating oil inlet of a heat exchanger 12 through a lubricating oil circulating pump 10 and a circulating pump outlet valve 11, a lubricating oil outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the lubricating oil inlet of the air compressor 7, an oil temperature sensor 13 is arranged on a pipeline, an air path inlet of the heat exchanger 12 is connected with an ash bucket gasification fan 1, an air path outlet of the heat exchanger 12 is communicated to an ash bucket 5 through an electric heater 3, an air temperature sensor 4 is arranged on an air path behind the electric heater 3, an ash conveying outlet of the air compressor 7 is communicated to a bin;
and signal control ends of the electric heater 3, the air temperature sensor 4, the cooling water electric regulating valve 8, the lubricating oil circulating pump 10 and the oil temperature sensor 13 are all connected with the integrated controller 9.
The described centralized controller 9 adopts MCS-51 series 80C51 single-chip microcomputer, and said single-chip microcomputer can be extensively used in the field of domestic electric appliances of air conditioner and electric cooker, etc., and can utilize logic operation according to the deviation condition of input value and set value to output correspondent control instruction so as to make the controlled quantity gradually approach to set value.
And a cooling water channel controlled by a cooling water electric adjusting door 8 is arranged in the air compressor 7.
The outlet of the ash bucket gasification fan 1 is provided with a bypass which is connected with the heat exchanger 12 in parallel, the bypass is provided with a heat exchanger bypass valve 2, when the peculiar part of the whole device breaks down, the ash bucket gasification air directly passes through the heat exchanger bypass valve 2, the preheating link is omitted, and the set temperature is directly reached by using the electric heater 3.
The whole working process of the invention is as follows:
the air compressor 7 for conveying ash applies work to gas in the process of compressing air to generate a large amount of heat, the heat is absorbed by lubricating oil and then enters the heat exchanger 12 through a pipeline, the high-temperature lubricating oil and cold air (cold air) from the ash bucket gasification fan 1 exchange heat with each other, the oil temperature is reduced, and the air temperature is increased. The cooled lubricating oil enters the air compressor 7 again to absorb heat, and the circulation is repeated. The low-temperature ash bucket gasified air is preheated in the heat exchanger 12 at first, fully absorbs the heat of hot oil, then enters the electric heater 3 for secondary heating until reaching the set temperature (more than 115 ℃) and preferably enters the ash bucket 5.
When the lubricating oil heat recovery device of the air compressor breaks down, the ash bucket gasified air passes through the heat exchanger bypass door 2, the preheating link is omitted, the electric heater 3 is directly used for reaching the set temperature, and the design power of the electric heater 3 is enough to meet the heating requirement of the ash bucket gasified air (the proper air temperature is 110-150 ℃). And the reliability of the system is improved by the design of the fault bypass.
In order to realize the automatic and intelligent operation of the energy-saving device, an integrated controller 9 is designed.
The logic of the automatic control is as follows:
the lubricating oil circulating pump 10 adopts a variable frequency motor, the pumping force of the pump is adjustable, and the initial frequency of the motor is 20Hz when the pump is started. After the equipment is put into operation, if the air temperature and air temperature sensor 4 detects that the temperature of the gasified air is less than 110 ℃, the integrated controller 9 sends an output increasing instruction to the lubricating oil circulating pump 10, namely, the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor is increased, the circulating speed of hot oil is increased, and the heat obtained by the heat exchanger 7 is increased. If the frequency of the variable frequency motor is fully increased to 50Hz (power frequency is reached), the output force of the lubricating oil pump is maximized, the gasification air temperature detected by the air temperature and air temperature sensor 4 is still less than 110 ℃, the integrated controller 9 sends a starting instruction to the electric heater 3 at the moment, and the power of the electric heater 3 is gradually increased according to the real-time numerical value output by the air temperature sensor 4. The low-temperature ash bucket gasified air is preheated by the heat exchanger 12 to fully absorb the heat of the lubricating oil, and is secondarily heated by the electric heater 3 to finally reach the design temperature (more than 115 ℃). Compared with a system without the hot oil preheating device, the power of the electric heater 3 required by the device is greatly reduced, and the power consumption is also obviously reduced.
When the temperature value collected by the wind temperature and wind temperature sensor 4 is more than 150 ℃, the integrated controller 9 sends out a control instruction to gradually reduce the power of the electric heater 3. The temperature of the gasification air of the ash hopper is kept in a reasonable range of 110-150 ℃ through continuous adjustment.
The temperature of the lubricating oil subjected to cold air heat exchange is lower than 35 ℃, if the temperature of the lubricating oil subjected to cold air heat exchange is higher than 45 ℃ after the system is put into operation, the oil temperature sensor 13 detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than 45 ℃, the cooling of the air compressor 7 cannot be guaranteed, the centralized controller 9 sends an opening instruction to the cooling water electric adjusting door 8 at the moment, the temperature of the lubricating oil is reduced after the cooling water is introduced, and the temperature of the cooling water is maintained to be lower than 35 ℃. When the oil temperature sensor 13 detects that the oil temperature is less than 35 ℃, the electric cooling water regulating door 8 is closed, so that the heat of the lubricating oil is released in the heat exchanger 12 as much as possible instead of being taken away by the cooling water.
In order to ensure the safety of equipment at the initial starting stage, a 'water-oil cooler' is still reserved in the air compressor 7, namely a cooling water channel controlled by a cooling water electric adjusting door 8 is arranged, and even if a hot oil circulating system breaks down, the normal operation of the air compressor can be ensured by means of cooling water. Similarly, a bypass is arranged at the outlet of the ash bucket gasification fan 1, and even if the lubricating oil circulating device is not started, air can still directly enter the electric heater 3 through the bypass valve 2. The design of the device can greatly improve the reliability of the system.
In conclusion, lubricating oil of the air compressor and gasified air of the ash bucket pass through the hot oil-cold air heat exchanger, waste heat of the lubricating oil is fully recovered, cold air at the outlet of the gasified air fan of the ash bucket is fully preheated, and electric energy consumed by electric heating is greatly reduced. The automatic intelligent operation of the device is realized by adding the centralized controller and the temperature sensor, the air compressor is ensured to obtain enough cooling (water cooling and air cooling), the heat of the lubricating oil is used for preheating the gasification air of the ash hopper as far as possible, and the comprehensive energy-saving level of the unit is improved. )
Claims (4)
1. An automatic energy-saving device of a pneumatic ash conveying system of a thermal power plant is characterized by comprising an air compressor (7), wherein a lubricating oil outlet of the air compressor (7) is communicated to a lubricating oil inlet of a heat exchanger (12) through a lubricating oil circulating pump (10) and a circulating pump outlet valve (11), the lubricating oil outlet of the heat exchanger (12) is communicated with the lubricating oil inlet of the air compressor (7), an oil temperature sensor (13) is arranged on a pipeline, an air path inlet of the heat exchanger (12) is connected with an ash bucket gasification fan (1), an air path outlet of the heat exchanger (12) is communicated to an ash bucket (5) through an electric heater (3), an air path behind the electric heater (3) is provided with an air temperature sensor (4), an ash conveying outlet of the air compressor (7) is communicated to a bin pump (6) below the ash bucket;
the signal control ends of the electric heater (3), the air temperature sensor (4), the cooling water electric regulating valve (8), the lubricating oil circulating pump (10) and the oil temperature sensor (13) are all connected with the centralized controller (9).
2. The automatic energy-saving device of the pneumatic ash conveying system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centralized controller (9) adopts a single chip microcomputer of MCS-51 series 80C 51.
3. The automatic energy-saving device of the pneumatic ash conveying system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cooling water path controlled by a cooling water electric adjusting door (8) is arranged in the air compressor (7).
4. The automatic energy-saving device of the pneumatic ash conveying system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bypass is arranged at the outlet of the ash bucket gasification fan (1) and connected in parallel with the heat exchanger (12), and a heat exchanger bypass valve (2) is arranged on the bypass.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010047290.0A CN111170011A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Automatic economizer of pneumatic ash conveying system of thermal power plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010047290.0A CN111170011A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Automatic economizer of pneumatic ash conveying system of thermal power plant |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111170011A true CN111170011A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010047290.0A Pending CN111170011A (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2020-01-16 | Automatic economizer of pneumatic ash conveying system of thermal power plant |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113154417A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-23 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | Ash bucket ash storage gasification air heating system with ejection steam extraction as heat source |
-
2020
- 2020-01-16 CN CN202010047290.0A patent/CN111170011A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113154417A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-23 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | Ash bucket ash storage gasification air heating system with ejection steam extraction as heat source |
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