CN111168547A - Device and method for removing carbon deposition on outer wall of long-shaft part - Google Patents
Device and method for removing carbon deposition on outer wall of long-shaft part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111168547A CN111168547A CN202010027782.3A CN202010027782A CN111168547A CN 111168547 A CN111168547 A CN 111168547A CN 202010027782 A CN202010027782 A CN 202010027782A CN 111168547 A CN111168547 A CN 111168547A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0076—Other grinding machines or devices grinding machines comprising two or more grinding tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/0092—Grinding attachments for lathes or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/005—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents using brushes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
- B24B29/06—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for elongated workpieces having uniform cross-section in one main direction
- B24B29/08—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for elongated workpieces having uniform cross-section in one main direction the cross-section being circular, e.g. tubes, wires, needles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part. The invention comprises a lathe bed, a headstock Z-direction feeding assembly arranged on the lathe bed, a center frame, a grinding and polishing feeding assembly and an outer wall grinding and polishing device. The outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly comprises a Z1 linear module fixed on the lathe bed and a first servo motor for driving the Z1 linear module; the hollow rotary table is fixed on a sliding table of the Z1 linear module through a first transfer plate; the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly comprises an X1 linear module and a second servo motor, wherein the X1 linear module is fixed on the hollow rotary table through a second adapter plate, and the second servo motor drives the X1 linear module; the outer wall grinding and polishing device comprises a numerical control tool rest fixed on the X1 linear module guide rail base, and an abrasive brush polishing head, a magnetic grinding head and an inclined hole polishing head which are arranged on the numerical control tool rest. The invention can realize the high-quality, high-efficiency and low-damage removal of carbon deposits at the full length of the turbine shaft parts, the root parts of the flanges, the inclined holes and other parts, and greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of maintenance of turbine shafts of aero-engines, in particular to a device and a method for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part.
Background
Aircraft engines are one of the core components of an aircraft, and the quality and reliability of the engine directly determine the flight safety of the aircraft. The aircraft engine turbine shaft is an important component part of the aircraft engine low-turbine shaft and is an important part influencing the quality and the performance of an engine. After the turbine shaft of the aircraft engine works for a certain time, fuel oil flowing through the outer surface of the turbine shaft generates a carbon deposition layer on the outer surface of the turbine shaft, so that the performance of the aircraft engine is reduced, and carbon deposition particles can be doped in the fuel oil to block a subsequent flow passage, so that the safe flight of an aircraft is seriously influenced. Therefore, the turbine shaft of the aircraft engine needs to be periodically cleaned to remove carbon deposit and other impurities on the outer wall.
Aiming at removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of the turbine shaft part of the aircraft engine, the currently used process method is a hot strong alkaline solution soaking removal method, but more problems exist in the actual production process. Because the outer wall of the turbine shaft part is required to be assembled with parts such as a turbine wheel blade disc and the like, the outer wall of the turbine shaft part has more installation surfaces, namely, the structure is complex, and no carbon deposition layer exists on the joint surface with other parts; because different parts of the outer wall of the turbine shaft part have diameter changes or large flange structures, carbon deposition at the joint of the end face of the flange and the circumferential surface of the workpiece (namely the root part of the flange) cannot be completely removed by using the traditional process method; the outer wall of the workpiece is simultaneously provided with an inclined hole structure, the carbon deposit layer in the inclined hole structure is thick, and the complete removal of the carbon deposit layer at the inclined hole part cannot be ensured under the same soaking time. Therefore, the existing hot strong alkaline solution soaking removal method cannot meet the actual production requirements of high quality, high efficiency and low damage for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of the turbine shaft part of the aircraft engine. Therefore, a new device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long-shaft part is urgently needed to be invented or developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention researches and develops a device and a method for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part, aiming at the problems that the machining efficiency is low, the size precision and the surface tissue structure of the mounting surface of the outer wall of a turbine shaft are easy to damage, the carbon deposition at the root part of a flange, an inclined hole and other parts is not completely removed, and the like. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a long shaft part outer wall carbon deposit remove device includes: a lathe bed, a headstock Z-direction feeding assembly arranged on the lathe bed, a headstock assembly, a center frame, a grinding and polishing feeding assembly and an outer wall grinding and polishing assembly,
the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly is used for completing the Z-direction feeding of the headstock assembly under the action of a first power source,
the headstock assembly is used for fixing one end of a workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate under the action of a second power source,
the center frame is used for limiting the position of the workpiece to be constant with the position of the machine tool body during grinding/polishing,
the grinding and polishing feeding assembly comprises an outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly, an outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly and a hollow rotary table, wherein the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly is used for finishing Z-direction feeding of an outer wall grinding and polishing device under the action of a third power source, the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly is used for finishing X-direction feeding of the outer wall grinding and polishing device under the action of a fourth power source, the hollow rotary table is fixed on a sliding table of the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly through a first adapter plate, and the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly is fixed on the hollow rotary table through a second adapter plate;
the outer wall grinding and polishing device comprises a numerical control tool rest fixed on the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly through a third adapter plate, and a grinding material brush polishing head, a magnetic grinding head and an inclined hole polishing head which are arranged on the numerical control tool rest.
Furthermore, the Z-direction feeding assembly of the headstock comprises a Z2 linear module arranged on the lathe bed and a headstock mounting seat fixed on a sliding table of the Z2 linear module, the headstock mounting seat is provided with the headstock, and the first power source comprises an alternating current asynchronous motor which is connected with a lead screw of the Z2 linear module through a worm gear reducer;
the lathe head box assembly comprises a spindle seat fixed on the lathe head box Z-direction feeding assembly, a workpiece spindle penetrating through the spindle seat and a three-jaw chuck arranged at the front end of the workpiece spindle, the second power source comprises a spindle motor, the workpiece spindle is driven by the spindle motor through a synchronous belt, the spindle motor is arranged on a motor support, and the motor support is fixed at the rear end of the spindle seat;
the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly comprises a Z1 linear module fixed on the lathe bed, the third power source is a first servo motor, and the Z1 linear module is driven by the first servo motor through a first coupler;
the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly comprises an X1 linear module fixed on the hollow rotary table through a second adapter plate, the fourth power source is a second servo motor, and the X1 linear module is driven by the second servo motor through a second coupler;
further, the X1 straight line module is fixed on the second keysets through its slip table, the second keysets is fixed on the rotary platform of cavity revolving stage.
Further, the center frame comprises a C-shaped hydraulic center frame.
Further, the abrasive brush polishing head comprises a first pneumatic motor mounting handle, a first pneumatic motor and a first abrasive brush, the magnetic grinding head comprises a magnetic pole frame, an N pole and an S pole which are fixed on the magnetic pole frame, and the inclined hole polishing head comprises a second pneumatic motor mounting handle, a second pneumatic motor and a second abrasive brush.
Further, carbon deposition at the heel part of the outer wall flange is removed through polishing, and the acute included angle between the axis of the first pneumatic motor and the axis of the workpiece is 40-50 degrees.
Further, the magnetic grinding removes carbon deposition on the circumferential surface of the outer wall, and the radial distance between the magnetic pole and the outer wall of the workpiece is 2-5 mm.
The invention also discloses a shaft inclined hole carbon deposition polishing method of the device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, driving the headstock assembly to move to a proper position by the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, fixing one end of the workpiece, selecting a second abrasive brush and a second pneumatic motor by the outer wall grinding and polishing device, and installing the second abrasive brush on an output shaft of the second pneumatic motor;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to an X-direction safety position, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the spindle motor to drive the workpiece at the rotating speed n1Rotating until the axis of the inclined hole is parallel to the plane of the lathe bed, and then stopping rotating;
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest to switch the inclined hole polishing head to a station corresponding to the inclined hole, controlling the hollow rotary table to rotate by a corresponding angle, and starting a specific step of polishing the carbon deposit in the inclined hole, namely controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to move, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the inclined hole polishing head to move at a speed v1Feeding the carbon deposit into the inclined hole, and removing the carbon deposit at the inclined hole until the carbon deposit in the inclined hole is removed;
s5, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to return to the X-direction safety position; and controlling a spindle motor to drive the workpiece to rotate by a certain angle, enabling the axis of the next hole to be machined to be parallel to the plane of the machine tool body, stopping rotating, repeating the specific steps of polishing the carbon deposition in the inclined holes until the carbon deposition in all the inclined hole parts is removed, taking down the workpiece, and resetting the machine tool.
The invention also discloses a method for removing carbon deposition at the root of the flange on the outer wall of the shaft of the device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, driving the headstock assembly to move to a proper position by the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, fixing one end of the workpiece, selecting a third abrasive brush and a first pneumatic motor by the outer wall grinding and polishing device, and installing the third abrasive brush on an output shaft of the first pneumatic motor;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to an X-direction safety position, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the first pneumatic motor to drive the third abrasive brush to rotate, and starting the spindle motor to drive the first workpiece to rotate at the rotating speed n1The rotation is carried out, and the rotation is carried out,
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest to switch the polishing head of the abrasive brush to a station corresponding to the root of the flange, and starting a specific step of removing carbon deposition at the root of the flange on the outer wall of the shaft, namely controlling the Z-axis feeding assembly for grinding and polishing the outer wall to drive the X-axis linear module to advance, then controlling the hollow rotary table to rotate anticlockwise by 40-50 degrees, and finally controlling the X-axis feeding assembly for grinding and polishing the outer wall to drive the third abrasive brush to advance to the root of the flange, and removing the carbon deposition at the root of the flange until the carbon deposition at the.
The invention also discloses a magnetic grinding and removing method for carbon deposit on the outer wall of the shaft of the device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, driving the headstock assembly to move to a proper position by the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, and fixing one end of the workpiece;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to an X-direction safety position, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, selecting a magnetic grinding head as the outer wall grinding and polishing device, adding magnetic grinding materials to the N pole and the S pole fixed on the magnetic pole frame, and starting the spindle motor to drive the workpiece to rotate at the rotating speed N1Rotating;
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest to switch the magnetic grinding head to a magnetic grinding station, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the magnetic pole frame to move to a position close to the three-jaw chuck, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the N pole and the S pole to move to positions with the radial distance of 2-3 mm between the outer walls of the workpieces, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the N pole and the S pole to move at the speed v2Moving along the Z direction of the machine tool, and controlling an outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive an N pole and an S pole to rotate at a speed v according to the change of the outer diameter of a workpiece3And (5) reciprocating along the X direction of the machine tool until the magnetic grinding and removing of the carbon deposits on the outer wall of the workpiece are completed.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the device for removing the carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long-shaft part, the carbon deposition on the outer wall of the turbine shaft part in the whole length can be removed by matching the Z-direction feeding assembly of the headstock, the center frame and the grinding and polishing feeding assembly. The grinding, polishing and feeding assembly can remove and process the carbon deposit on the outer wall in two modes of grinding material brush polishing and magnetic grinding, and different processing technological parameters are set for different parts according to the deposition condition of the carbon deposit on the outer wall, so that the damage of the size precision and the surface structure of the installation surface of the outer wall of the workpiece caused by different thicknesses of the carbon deposit on different parts of the outer wall of the workpiece in the same soaking time in the traditional carbon deposit removing technological method is avoided, the assembly quality of turbine shaft parts and other parts is ensured, and the service performance and the service life of an aero-engine are further ensured.
2. The device for removing the carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long-shaft part comprises a numerical control tool rest, and a grinding material brush polishing head and an inclined hole polishing head which are fixed on the numerical control tool rest, wherein the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly, the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly and a hollow rotary table are driven to completely remove the carbon deposition at the root part and the inclined hole of a flange of a workpiece, so that the high-quality, high-efficiency and damage removal of the carbon deposition on the outer wall of the turbine shaft part is ensured, the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, and the labor environment of the workers is improved.
Based on the reason, the method can be widely popularized in the technical field of maintenance of the turbine shaft of the aeroengine.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long-axis part of an aircraft engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a carbon deposition removing device for an outer wall of a long shaft part of an aircraft engine according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer wall grinding and polishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of polishing and removing carbon deposit in the inclined hole according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of polishing and removing carbon deposits at the root of the flange according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of magnetic grinding removal of carbon deposits on the outer wall according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of the processing area of fig. 6.
In the figure: 1. a bed body; 2. grinding and polishing the outer wall of the Z-axis feeding assembly; 3. a hollow turntable; 4. grinding and polishing the outer wall of the X-axis feeding assembly; 5. an outer wall grinding and polishing device; 6. a headstock Z-direction feeding assembly; 7. z2 straight line module sliding table; 8. a Z2 straight line module; 9. a headstock mounting base; 10. a worm gear reducer; 11. an AC asynchronous motor; 12. a headstock assembly; 13. a driven synchronous pulley; 14. a motor bracket; 15. a synchronous belt; 16. a driving synchronous pulley; 17. a spindle motor; 18. a main shaft seat; 19. a workpiece spindle; 20. a three-jaw chuck; 21. a first workpiece; 22. an abrasive brush polishing head; 23. a bevel hole polishing head; 24. a numerical control tool rest; 25. a magnetic grinding head; 26. a base; 27. a center frame mounting plate; 28. a center frame; 29. z1 straight line module sliding table; 30. a first transfer plate; 31. a second adapter plate; 32. a second sliding table; 33. a lead screw fixing seat; 34. a rail base; 35. a second coupling; 36. a motor mounting plate; 37. a second servo motor; 38. a ball screw; 39. a slider; 40. a lead screw nut; 41. a lead screw supporting seat; 42. a third adapter plate; 43. a second pneumatic motor mounting stem; 44. a second pneumatic motor; 45. a second abrasive brush; 46. a first abrasive brush; 47. a first pneumatic motor; 48. a first pneumatic motor mounting stem; 49. a magnetic pole frame; 50. an N pole; 51. an S pole; 52. a Z1 straight line module; 53. a first coupling; 54. a first servo motor; 55. a third abrasive brush; 56. a second workpiece; 57. a magnetic abrasive.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the invention discloses a device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part, which comprises a lathe bed 1, a headstock Z-direction feeding assembly 6 arranged on the lathe bed 1, a headstock assembly 12, a center frame 28, a grinding and polishing feeding assembly and an outer wall grinding and polishing device 5,
the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly 6 is used for completing the Z-direction feeding of the headstock assembly 12 under the action of a first power source on the headstock assembly 12 fixed on the headstock assembly,
the headstock assembly 12 is used for fixing one end of a workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate under the action of a second power source,
the center frame is used for limiting the position of the workpiece to be constant with the lathe bed 1 during grinding/polishing,
the grinding and polishing feeding assembly comprises an outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2, an outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 and a hollow rotary table 3, wherein the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 is used for completing Z-direction feeding of an outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 under the action of a third power source, the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 is used for completing X-direction feeding of the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 under the action of a fourth power source, the hollow rotary table 3 is fixed on a sliding table of the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 through a first adapter plate 30, and the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 is fixed on the hollow rotary table 3 through a second adapter plate 31;
the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 comprises a numerical control tool rest 24 fixed on an X1 linear module track base 26 through a third adapter plate 42, and an abrasive brush polishing head 22, a magnetic grinding head 25 and an inclined hole polishing head 23 which are arranged on the numerical control tool rest 24.
The Z-direction feeding assembly 6 of the headstock comprises a Z2 linear module 8 arranged on the lathe bed 1 and a headstock mounting seat 9 fixed on a Z2 linear module sliding table 7, the headstock mounting seat 9 is provided with the headstock, and the first power source comprises an alternating current asynchronous motor 11 which is connected with a lead screw of the Z2 linear module through a worm gear reducer 10;
the headstock assembly 12 comprises a spindle seat 18 fixed on the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly 6, a workpiece spindle 19 penetrating through the spindle seat 18 and a three-jaw chuck 20 mounted at the front end of the workpiece spindle 19, the second power source comprises a spindle motor 17, the workpiece spindle 19 is driven by the spindle motor 17 through a synchronous belt 15, the spindle motor 17 is mounted on a motor support 14, the motor support 14 is fixed at the rear end of the spindle seat 18, a driving synchronous pulley 16 is mounted on an output shaft of the spindle motor 17, and a driven synchronous pulley 13 is mounted at the left end of the workpiece spindle 19;
the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 comprises a Z1 linear module 52 fixed on the lathe bed 1, the third power source is a first servo motor 54, and the Z1 linear module is driven by the first servo motor 54 through a first coupler 53; the hollow rotary table 3 is fixed on a sliding table 29 of the Z1 linear module through a first rotary connection plate 30, and the hollow rotary table 3 drives the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to rotate;
the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 comprises an X1 linear module fixed on the hollow rotary table 3 through a second adapter plate 31, the fourth power source is a second servo motor 37, the X1 linear module is driven by the second servo motor 37 through a second coupler 35, the second servo motor 37 is fixed at the left end of the X1 linear module through a motor mounting plate 36, the X1 linear module comprises a guide rail base 34, a sliding block 39 mounted on a linear guide rail, a second sliding table 32 fixed on the sliding block 39, a lead screw nut 40 fixed on the second sliding table 32, a lead screw fixing seat 33 and a lead screw supporting seat 41 fixed on the guide rail base 34, a ball screw 38 passes through the lead screw nut 40 and is fixed on the lead screw fixing seat 33, and the X-axis feeding assembly is inversely mounted on the second adapter plate 31 through the second sliding table 32 and is connected with the hollow rotary table 3; (ii) a
The outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 comprises a numerical control tool rest 24 fixed on an X1 linear module track base 26 through a third adapter plate 42, and an abrasive brush polishing head 22, a magnetic grinding head 25 and an inclined hole polishing head 23 which are arranged on the numerical control tool rest 24.
The center frame 28 comprises a C-shaped hydraulic center frame and is fixed on a center frame mounting plate 27, and the center frame mounting plate 27 is fixed on the machine body 1 through a base 26.
The abrasive brush polishing head 22 comprises a first pneumatic motor mounting handle 48 fixed on the numerical control tool rest 24, a first pneumatic motor 47 fixed on the first pneumatic motor mounting handle 48, and a first abrasive brush 46 mounted on an output shaft of the first pneumatic motor, wherein the first abrasive brush 46 is used for polishing the circumferential surface of the outer wall, the third abrasive brush 55 is used for polishing the end surface of the flange, and the first abrasive brush and the third abrasive brush are both detachable and convenient to replace at any time.
The inclined hole polishing head 23 comprises a second pneumatic motor mounting handle 43 mounted on the numerical control tool rest 24, a second pneumatic motor 44 fixed on the second pneumatic motor mounting handle 43, and a second abrasive brush 45 mounted on the output shaft of the second pneumatic motor, and the magnetic grinding head 25 comprises a magnetic pole frame 49 fixed on the numerical control tool rest 24, and an N pole 51 and an S pole 52 fixed on the magnetic pole frame 49.
And (3) polishing to remove carbon deposition at the heel part of the outer wall flange, wherein the acute included angle between the axis of the first pneumatic motor and the axis of the workpiece is 40-50 degrees.
And (3) removing carbon deposition on the circumferential surface of the outer wall by magnetic grinding, wherein the radial distance between the magnetic poles (the N pole 51 and the S pole 52) and the outer wall of the workpiece is 2-5 mm.
Example 1
The working process of polishing and removing carbon deposition in the inclined hole of the turbine shaft of the device is as follows:
s1, starting the machine tool, controlling the main spindle box Z-direction feeding assembly 6 to drive the main spindle box assembly 12 to move to a proper position, clamping the first workpiece 21, installing the second abrasive brush 45 on the output shaft of the second pneumatic motor 44, and checking to confirm that the working states of all parts of the machine tool are normal;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the second pneumatic motor 44 to drive the second abrasive brush 45 to rotate;
s4, starting the spindle motor 17 to drive the first workpiece 21 at the rotating speed n1Rotating until the axis of the inclined hole is parallel to the plane of the lathe bed 1, and then stopping rotating;
s5, controlling the numerical control tool rest 24 to switch the inclined hole polishing head 23 to the station shown in the figure 4, and then controlling the hollow rotary table 3 to rotate clockwise by 40 degrees;
s6, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the X1 linear module to move to a Z coordinate shown in FIG. 4;
s7, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feed assembly 4 to drive the inclined hole polishing head 23 to rotate at the speed v1Feeding, and removing carbon deposition at the inclined hole part;
s8, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the second abrasive brush 45 to exit the inclined hole;
s9, checking whether the carbon deposit in the inclined hole is completely removed, if yes, executing a step S10, and if not, executing a step S7;
s10, controlling the spindle motor 17 to drive the first workpiece 21 at the rotating speed n1Rotating by 120 degrees, stopping rotating, and uniformly distributing three inclined holes at the large opening end of the first workpiece 21 in the circumferential direction;
s11, repeating the steps S7-S10 until the carbon deposition in all the inclined hole parts is removed;
s12, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
and S13, taking down the workpiece 21, and finishing the removal processing of the carbon deposit at the inclined hole part.
Example 2
The working process of removing the carbon deposition at the root of the flange on the outer wall of the turbine shaft of the device is as follows:
s1, starting the machine tool, controlling the Z-direction feeding assembly 6 of the spindle box to drive the spindle box assembly 12 to move to a proper position, clamping the first workpiece 21, installing the third abrasive brush 55 on the output shaft of the first pneumatic motor 47, and checking to confirm that the working states of all parts of the machine tool are normal;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the first pneumatic motor 47 to drive the third abrasive brush 55 to rotate;
s4, starting the spindle motor 17 to drive the first workpiece 21 at the rotating speed n1Rotating;
s5, controlling the numerical control tool post 24 to switch the abrasive brush polishing head 22 to the working position shown in the figure 5;
s6, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the X linear module to move to a Z coordinate shown in the figure 5, and then controlling the hollow rotary table 3 to rotate anticlockwise by 45 degrees;
s7, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the third abrasive brush 55 to move to the position shown in the figure 4, and removing carbon deposition on the root of the flange;
s8, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the third abrasive brush 55 to exit from the machining area, checking whether carbon deposition at the root of the flange of the first workpiece 21 is completely removed, if yes, executing a step S9, and if not, executing a step S7;
s9, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
and S10, taking down the first workpiece 21, and finishing the removal processing of carbon deposition at the root of the flange.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the magnetic grinding and removing process of carbon deposits on the outer wall of the turbine shaft of the device comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the machine tool, controlling the Z-direction feeding assembly 6 of the spindle box to drive the spindle box assembly 12 to move to a proper position, clamping the second workpiece 56, checking and confirming that the working states of all parts of the machine tool are normal;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, adding magnetic abrasive 57 to the N pole 50 and S pole 51 fixed on the magnetic pole frame 49, starting the spindle motor 17 to drive the second workpiece 56 at the rotation speed N1Rotating;
s4, controlling the numerical control tool post 24 to switch the magnetic grinding head 25 to the station shown in FIG. 6;
s5, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the X linear module to move to a Z coordinate shown in FIG. 6;
s6, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the N pole 50 and the S pole 51 to move to the X coordinate shown in FIG. 6, wherein the radial distance between the N pole and the outer wall of the second workpiece 56 is 3 mm;
s7, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding component 2 to drive the N pole 50 and the S pole 51 to rotate at the speed v2Moving along the Z direction of the machine tool, and simultaneously controlling an outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly according to the change of the outer diameter of the second workpiece 564 drive the N-pole 50 and S-pole 51 at a speed v3Reciprocating along the X direction of the machine tool to ensure that the radial distance between the N pole 50 and the S pole 51 and the outer wall of the second workpiece 56 is 3mm, and performing magnetic grinding and removing processing on carbon deposition on the outer wall of the second workpiece 56;
s8, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
and S9, removing the second workpiece 56 and finishing the processing.
Example 4
Different from the embodiment 3, the first abrasive brush 46 may be used to replace the magnetic grinding head 25 to perform outer wall carbon deposition abrasive brush polishing, which specifically includes:
s1, starting the machine tool, controlling the Z-direction feeding assembly of the spindle box to drive the spindle box assembly to move to a proper position, clamping the first workpiece 21, installing the first abrasive brush 46 on the output shaft of the first pneumatic motor, and checking to confirm that the working states of all parts of the machine tool are normal;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the first pneumatic motor to drive the first abrasive brush 46 to rotate;
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest 24 to switch the first abrasive brush 46 to the corresponding station;
s5, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the X linear module to move to a Z coordinate similar to that of the embodiment 3 and the figure 6;
s6, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the first abrasive brush 46 to contact with the first workpiece 21;
s7, controlling the Z-axis feeding component 2 for grinding and polishing the outer wall to drive the first abrasive brush 46 to rotate at the speed v2Moving along the Z direction of the machine tool, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the first abrasive brush 46 at a speed v according to the change of the outer diameter of the first workpiece 213Reciprocating along the X direction of the machine tool to ensure the polishing processing of the carbon deposit on the outer wallNormally, the polishing process of the outer wall circumference of the first workpiece 21 is finished after the reciprocating process for many times;
s8, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly 4 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to an X-direction safety position, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly 2 to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device 5 to move to a Z-direction safety position;
and S9, removing the first workpiece 21 and finishing the processing.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part is characterized by comprising a lathe bed, a headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, a headstock assembly, a center frame, a grinding and polishing feeding assembly and an outer wall grinding and polishing device which are arranged on the lathe bed,
the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly is used for completing the Z-direction feeding of the headstock assembly under the action of a first power source,
the headstock assembly is used for fixing one end of a workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate under the action of a second power source,
the center frame is used for limiting the position of the workpiece to be constant with the position of the machine tool body during grinding/polishing,
the grinding and polishing feeding assembly comprises an outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly, an outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly and a hollow rotary table, wherein the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly is used for finishing Z-direction feeding of an outer wall grinding and polishing device under the action of a third power source, the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly is used for finishing X-direction feeding of the outer wall grinding and polishing device under the action of a fourth power source, the hollow rotary table is fixed on a sliding table of the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly through a first adapter plate, and the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly is fixed on the hollow rotary table through a second adapter plate;
the outer wall grinding and polishing device comprises a numerical control tool rest fixed on the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly through a third adapter plate, and a grinding material brush polishing head, a magnetic grinding head and an inclined hole polishing head which are arranged on the numerical control tool rest.
2. The device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part as claimed in claim 1,
the Z-direction feeding assembly of the headstock comprises a Z2 linear module arranged on the lathe bed and a headstock mounting seat fixed on a sliding table of the Z2 linear module, the headstock is mounted on the headstock mounting seat, and the first power source comprises an alternating current asynchronous motor which is connected with a lead screw of the Z2 linear module through a worm gear reducer;
the lathe head box assembly comprises a spindle seat fixed on the lathe head box Z-direction feeding assembly, a workpiece spindle penetrating through the spindle seat and a three-jaw chuck arranged at the front end of the workpiece spindle, the second power source comprises a spindle motor, the workpiece spindle is driven by the spindle motor through a synchronous belt, the spindle motor is arranged on a motor support, and the motor support is fixed at the rear end of the spindle seat;
the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly comprises a Z1 linear module fixed on the lathe bed, the third power source is a first servo motor, and the Z1 linear module is driven by the first servo motor through a first coupler;
the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly comprises an X1 linear module fixed on the hollow rotary table through a second adapter plate, the fourth power source is a second servo motor, and the X1 linear module is driven by the second servo motor through a second coupler.
3. The device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long shaft part as claimed in claim 2, wherein the X1 linear module is fixed on a second adapter plate through a sliding table of the linear module, and the second adapter plate is fixed on a rotating platform of the hollow rotary table.
4. The device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long shaft part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the center frame comprises a C-shaped hydraulic center frame.
5. The device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of a long shaft part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polishing head of the abrasive brush comprises a first pneumatic motor mounting handle, a first pneumatic motor and a first abrasive brush, the magnetic grinding head comprises a magnetic pole frame, an N pole and an S pole which are fixed on the magnetic pole frame, and the inclined hole polishing head comprises a second pneumatic motor mounting handle, a second pneumatic motor and a second abrasive brush.
6. The device for removing carbon deposit on the outer wall of the long-shaft part as claimed in claim 5, wherein the carbon deposit on the heel part of the flange of the outer wall is removed by polishing, and the acute included angle between the axis of the first pneumatic motor and the axis of the workpiece is 40-50 °.
7. The device for removing carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long-shaft part as claimed in claim 5, wherein the magnetic grinding is used for removing the carbon deposition on the circumferential surface of the outer wall, and the radial distance between the magnetic pole and the outer wall of the workpiece is 2-5 mm.
8. The method for polishing the carbon deposit in the inclined hole of the long-shaft part outer wall carbon deposit removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, driving the headstock assembly to move to a proper position by the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, fixing one end of the workpiece, selecting a second abrasive brush and a second pneumatic motor by the outer wall grinding and polishing device, and installing the second abrasive brush on an output shaft of the second pneumatic motor;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to an X-direction safety position, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the spindle motor to drive the workpiece at the rotating speed n1Rotating until the axis of the inclined hole is parallel to the plane of the lathe bed, and then stopping rotating;
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest to switch the inclined hole polishing head to a station corresponding to the inclined hole, controlling the hollow rotary table to rotate by a corresponding angle, and starting a specific step of polishing the carbon deposit in the inclined hole, namely controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to move, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the inclined hole polishing head to move at a speed v1Feeding the carbon deposit into the inclined hole, and removing the carbon deposit at the inclined hole until the carbon deposit in the inclined hole is removed;
s5, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to return to the X-direction safety position; and controlling a spindle motor to drive the workpiece to rotate by a certain angle, enabling the axis of the next hole to be machined to be parallel to the plane of the machine tool body, stopping rotating, repeating the specific steps of polishing the carbon deposition in the inclined holes until the carbon deposition in all the inclined hole parts is removed, taking down the workpiece, and resetting the machine tool.
9. The method for removing the carbon deposition at the root of the flange on the outer wall of the shaft of the device for removing the carbon deposition on the outer wall of the long shaft part according to any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, driving the headstock assembly to move to a proper position by the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, fixing one end of the workpiece, selecting a third abrasive brush and a first pneumatic motor by the outer wall grinding and polishing device, and installing the third abrasive brush on an output shaft of the first pneumatic motor;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to an X-direction safety position, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, starting the first pneumatic motor to drive the third abrasive brush to rotate, and starting the spindle motor to drive the first workpiece to rotate at the rotating speed n1The rotation is carried out, and the rotation is carried out,
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest to switch the polishing head of the abrasive brush to a station corresponding to the root of the flange, and starting a specific step of removing carbon deposition at the root of the flange on the outer wall of the shaft, namely controlling the Z-axis feeding assembly for grinding and polishing the outer wall to drive the X-axis linear module to advance, then controlling the hollow rotary table to rotate anticlockwise by 40-50 degrees, and finally controlling the X-axis feeding assembly for grinding and polishing the outer wall to drive the third abrasive brush to advance to the root of the flange, and removing the carbon deposition at the root of the flange until the carbon deposition at the.
10. The magnetic grinding and removing method for carbon deposition on the outer wall of the shaft of the long-shaft part carbon deposition removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, driving the headstock assembly to move to a proper position by the headstock Z-direction feeding assembly, and fixing one end of the workpiece;
s2, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to an X-direction safety position, and controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the outer wall grinding and polishing device to move to a Z-direction safety position;
s3, selecting a magnetic grinding head as the outer wall grinding and polishing device, adding magnetic grinding materials to the N pole and the S pole fixed on the magnetic pole frame, and starting the spindle motor to drive the workpiece to rotate at the rotating speed N1Rotating;
s4, controlling the numerical control tool rest to switch the magnetic grinding head to a magnetic grinding station, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the magnetic pole frame to move to a position close to the three-jaw chuck, controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive the N pole and the S pole to move to positions with the radial distance of 2-3 mm between the outer walls of the workpieces, and then controlling the outer wall grinding and polishing Z-axis feeding assembly to drive the N pole and the S pole to move at the speed v2Moving along the Z direction of the machine tool, and controlling an outer wall grinding and polishing X-axis feeding assembly to drive an N pole and an S pole to rotate at a speed v according to the change of the outer diameter of a workpiece3And (5) reciprocating along the X direction of the machine tool until the magnetic grinding and removing of the carbon deposits on the outer wall of the workpiece are completed.
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Application publication date: 20200519 |