CN111168070A - 磁场激励激光增材装置 - Google Patents
磁场激励激光增材装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111168070A CN111168070A CN202010151930.2A CN202010151930A CN111168070A CN 111168070 A CN111168070 A CN 111168070A CN 202010151930 A CN202010151930 A CN 202010151930A CN 111168070 A CN111168070 A CN 111168070A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bottom plate
- magnetic field
- laser
- head
- uniform magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种磁场激励激光增材装置,包括底板、激光头和送粉头,激光头和送粉头与计算机控制系统连接,送粉头的喷粉端点和激光头的激光束聚焦点沿计算机控制系统设定的加工路径在底板上移动,底板通过浮动机构安装于工作台上并置于匀强磁场内,匀强磁场的磁力线垂直穿透底板,底板为导电薄板,导电薄板的前、后端或左、右端分别与交流电的两极端连接,匀强磁场激励载流底板上、下振动。本发明在激光增材成型过程中,磁场激励载流的底板振动,搅动成型材料的内部组织,在一定程度上细化晶粒、改善组织均匀性、减小应力集中、提高材料成型的力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及激光增材制造技术,具体为一种磁场激励激光增材装置。
背景技术
3D打印又称加法制造、积层制造或增材制造,在计算机控制下层叠原材料,是一个不断添加的过程。
激光增材制造技术是将3D打印的增材制造原理和激光熔覆技术有机结合,以金属粉末为成型原材料,以高能的激光束作为热源,根据成型零件CAD模型分层切片信息选择加工路径,激光束将同步添加的金属粉末逐层熔化,金属原料快速凝固、逐层沉积而直接获得三维物理模型,即实现金属零件整体的直接制造。
激光增材制造技术可以自动、直接、快速、精确地将设计思想转变为具有一定功能的物理原型或直接制造零件,可高效低成本制造零件原型和校验新设计思想。当加工零件复杂或者零件尺寸相对较小,传统机械加工方法和装置难以完成时,激光增材制造技术则具有独特优势,故激光增材制造技术在小型复杂形状物体的制造加工和精密制造加工方面具有广阔的应用前景。
但是目前的激光增材制造技术仍然存在需要克服的缺陷。由于激光增材制造加工过程中采用高能量激光束作为热源,能量密度较高,加工过程中的成型零件容易存在裂纹、气孔、组织混乱以及零件中残余应力较大等缺陷,这些缺陷严重影响激光增材所得成型零件的性能和寿命,也妨碍了激光增材制造技术的推广应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提出了一种提高激光增材制造所得产品质量的磁场激励激光增材装置。
能够解决上述技术问题的磁场激励激光增材装置,其技术方案包括底板、激光头和送粉头,所述激光头和送粉头与计算机控制系统连接,送粉头的喷粉端点和激光头的激光束聚焦点沿计算机控制系统设定的加工路径在底板上移动,所不同的是所述底板通过浮动机构安装于工作台上并置于匀强磁场内,所述匀强磁场的磁力线垂直穿透于底板,所述底板为导电薄板,导电薄板的前、后端或左、右端分别与交流电极的两极端连接,在激光增材成型过程中,匀强磁场激励载流底板上、下振动而搅动成型材料内部组织。
上述结构中,根据底板(导电薄板)的磁弹性基本假设及麦克斯韦方程,底板受到电场力而在匀强磁场环境中产生上、下位移,而浮动机构的弹力使底板恢复原位,在两种力的作用使底板振动,通过改变磁场及施加于底板(导电薄板)的电流,即可控制该磁场环境中导电薄板振动的幅度;磁场激励底板的振动传递给逐步成型的增材,在成型过程中,振动的存在使成型材料组织内部产生一定的搅动,从而在一定程度上细化晶粒、改善组织、减小应力集中、提高材料成型的力学性能。
所述浮动机构的一种设计方案包括可形成稳定支撑的三组以上弹性组件,各弹性组件包括双头螺杆、螺母和压缩弹簧,所述双头螺杆穿设于底板和工作台上对应的上、下螺栓孔,所述压缩弹簧套装于双头螺杆,上、下螺母分别旋合于双头螺杆的两螺端而将压缩弹簧预紧在底板和工作台之间。
所述匀强磁场的形式为通电螺线管内部磁场、或为蹄形磁铁两极间的磁场、或为两平行平面线圈间的磁场。
一种优化方案中,所述底板为0.5mm~1.0mm厚的矩形板,其长、宽尺寸选择范围在10cm~50cm之间,所述匀强磁场的强度(特斯拉)为0.3T~1.0T,所述底板的加载电流为4A~10A。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明磁场激励激光增材装置在激光增材成型过程中,磁场激励载流的底板振动,搅动成型材料的内部组织,在一定程度上细化晶粒、改善组织均匀性、减小应力集中、提高材料成型的力学性能。
2、本发明通过调节匀强磁场强度、底板载流电流值以及底板的厚度和大小,即可调节底板振动的幅度,从而获得力学性能相对理想的成型材料。
3、本发明结构简单,易于实现。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施方式的结构示意图。
图2为图1实施方式中浮动机构的结构示意图。
图3为图1实施方式的工作原理图。
图4为图3的俯视图。
图5为图3、图4中磁力线穿过底板的示意图。
图号标识:1、底板;2、激光头;3、送粉头;4、浮动机构;4-1、双头螺杆;4-2、螺母;4-3、压缩弹簧;5、工作台;6、螺线管;7、物理模型;8、基座;9、供电模块;10、交流电极;11、支架。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图所示实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
本发明磁场激励激光增材装置包括底板1、激光头2和送粉头3,所述底板1通过浮动机构4安装于工作台5上并居中置于工作台5上通过支架11安装的螺线管6内,所述工作台5固装于基座8上;所述螺线管6的绕组连接供电模块9,所述螺线管6通电后产生的匀强磁场(强度为0.3T~1.0T)的磁力线垂直向下穿透于底板1;所述激光头2和送粉头3均与计算机控制系统相连接,所述送粉头3的喷粉端点和激光头2的激光束聚焦点沿计算机控制系统设定的加工路径在底板1表面上移动,在激光增材成型过程中将物理模型7制作于底板1上,如图1、图4、图5所示。
所述底板1为矩形导电薄板(采用铜板制作),厚度为0.5~1.0mm、长、宽尺寸的选择范围均为10cm~50cm,底板1的左、右端分别连接交流电极10的两极端,所述交流电极10的加载电流为4A~10A(加载的交流电压范围为5V~50V,可根据加载电流和导电薄板电阻值计算得出),底板1的四角处均开设有螺栓孔,与底板1的四角螺栓孔对位,于工作台5上开设四个螺栓孔;所述浮动机构4包括四组弹性支撑组件,每组弹性支撑组件包括一根双头螺杆4-1、一根压缩弹簧4-3和两颗螺母4-2,每组弹性支撑组件中的双头螺杆4-1的上、下螺端分别穿设出底板1和工作台5上对应的上、下螺栓孔,压缩弹簧4-3套装于双头螺杆4-1的螺杆上并置于底板1和工作台5之间,上、下螺母4-2分别旋合于双头螺杆4-1的两螺端并通过垫圈将压缩弹簧4-3预紧在底板1和工作台5之间,底板1与工作台5之间的距离为10cm,如图2、图3、图4所示。
本发明的运行方式为:
所述供电模块9向螺线管6供电,所述螺线管6内产生的匀强磁场垂直穿过底板1,所述交流电极10向底板1送电,当匀强磁场对载流底板1产生的激励作用力大于弹簧力时,将使底板1移动而进一步压缩弹簧,弹簧力加大后又将底板1推回原位,底板1在弹簧力和电磁激励的作用下作上、下振动;激光增材成型过程中,金属粉末通过送粉头3不断进给到底板1上,高能量密度的激光束聚焦点熔化金属粉末,离开激光聚焦点后的熔融金属快速凝固并逐层沉积在底板上,激光增材成型过程中,振动的底板1使成型材料组织内部产生一定的搅动,从而在一定程度上细化晶粒、改善组织、减小应力集中、提高材料成型的力学性能。
一种优选实施方案中,所述底板1的厚度为0.5mm,长、宽尺寸为10cm×10cm,所述螺线管6的磁场强度为0.6T,所述交流电极10的加载电流为6A,可使底板1产生振幅为μm级的振动。
Claims (4)
1.磁场激励激光增材装置,包括底板(1)、激光头(2)和送粉头(3),所述激光头(2)和送粉头(3)与计算机控制系统连接,所述送粉头(3)的喷粉端点和激光头(2)的激光束聚焦点沿计算机控制系统设定的加工路径在底板(1)上移动,其特征在于:所述底板(1)通过浮动机构(4)安装于工作台(5)上并置于匀强磁场内,所述匀强磁场的磁力线垂直穿透底板(1),所述底板(1)为导电薄板,所述导电薄板的前、后端或左、右端分别与交流电极(10)的两极端连接,在激光增材成型过程中,匀强磁场激励载流底板(1)上、下振动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的磁场激励激光增材装置,其特征在于:所述浮动机构(4)包括可形成稳定支撑的三组以上弹性支撑组件,各弹性支撑组件包括双头螺杆(4-1)、螺母(4-2)和压缩弹簧(4-3),所述双头螺杆(4-1)穿设出底板(1)和工作台(5)上对应的上、下螺栓孔,所述压缩弹簧(4-3)套装于双头螺杆(4-1),上、下螺母(4-2)分别旋合于双头螺杆(4-1)的两螺端将压缩弹簧(4-3)预紧在底板(1)和工作台(5)之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的磁场激励激光增材装置,其特征在于:所述匀强磁场为螺线管(6)内部磁场、或为蹄形磁铁两极间的磁场、或为两平行平面线圈间的磁场。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任意一项所述的磁场激励激光增材装置,其特征在于:所述底板(1)为0.5mm~1.0mm厚的矩形板,其长、宽尺寸为10cm~50cm,所述匀强磁场的强度为0.3T~1.0T,底板(1)的加载电流为4A~10A。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010151930.2A CN111168070A (zh) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | 磁场激励激光增材装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010151930.2A CN111168070A (zh) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | 磁场激励激光增材装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111168070A true CN111168070A (zh) | 2020-05-19 |
Family
ID=70620109
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010151930.2A Pending CN111168070A (zh) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | 磁场激励激光增材装置 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111168070A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114002634A (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-01 | 安徽工程大学 | 多通道心磁探测系统磁场-电压系数的标定装置及方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-03-06 CN CN202010151930.2A patent/CN111168070A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114002634A (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-01 | 安徽工程大学 | 多通道心磁探测系统磁场-电压系数的标定装置及方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN108057883B (zh) | 一种径向和轴向电磁力实现粉末压制的方法和装置 | |
CN110117790B (zh) | 激光熔覆装置 | |
Jain et al. | Experimental investigations into traveling wire electrochemical spark machining (TW-ECSM) of composites | |
US20220288695A1 (en) | High-energy beam additive manufacturing forming device and forming method | |
CN111070433B (zh) | 一种多场辅助的金刚石切削设备 | |
CN108161052B (zh) | 磁场辅助外圆车削设备 | |
Rattan et al. | Experimental investigations and multi-response optimization of silicon dioxide (quartz) machining in magnetic field assisted TW-ECSM process | |
Rattan et al. | Experimental set up to improve machining performance of silicon dioxide (quartz) in magnetic field assisted TW-ECSM process | |
CN200970577Y (zh) | 高效电动式激振器 | |
CN111168070A (zh) | 磁场激励激光增材装置 | |
CN111037207A (zh) | 多场协同耦合滚压平台 | |
CN211915510U (zh) | 磁场激励激光增材装置 | |
CN110010326B (zh) | 一种基于plc控制的全自动充磁机 | |
CN208357838U (zh) | 一种磁场辅助外圆车削设备 | |
CN211638677U (zh) | 稳态磁场耦合激光填丝窄槽修复设备 | |
CN110773869A (zh) | 稳态磁场耦合激光填丝窄槽修复装置 | |
CN108526653B (zh) | 一种基于并行脉冲电弧熔化的金属三维打印成型方法 | |
CN109909564A (zh) | 一种可更换块电极的双块电极电火花反拷装置 | |
CN109158719B (zh) | 一种静电致动辅助进给的微细电解加工装置 | |
CN205028772U (zh) | 一种软磁铁氧体磁芯退拔毛刺测量及去除装置 | |
CN102179580A (zh) | 金属快速成型装置 | |
CN211305210U (zh) | 稳态磁场耦合激光填丝窄槽修复装置 | |
CN201281703Y (zh) | 磁性材料件的测试装置 | |
CN214721396U (zh) | 一种可上升下降调节的超声波焊接装置 | |
CN215280373U (zh) | 一种用于oled显示屏加工的拔片机构 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |