CN111166723A - Human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticle and preparation and application thereof, wherein the preparation takes human serum albumin, ginsenoside and paclitaxel as raw materials, and the molar ratio of the human serum albumin to the paclitaxel and the ginsenoside is 8-12: 1: 1. Another object of the invention is: the prepared human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles are used as a medicine for treating tumors. The preparation method is simple and feasible, and the prepared nanoparticles have the particle size of 80-120 nm, are small and uniform in particle size and are suitable for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano-drugs, in particular to a human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticle and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug, and shows a relatively positive clinical curative effect on various malignant tumors such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck tumors and the like. However, the water solubility of paclitaxel is very poor, and currently, the paclitaxel used in clinic uses polyoxyethylene castor oil and absolute ethyl alcohol as cosolvent. However, polyoxyethylated castor oil is liable to cause severe allergic reactions and neurohematological toxicity, so that the dosage of paclitaxel is limited.
Ginsenoside is a steroid compound, and is mainly present in Panax plants such as Ginseng radix and Notoginseng radix. Because of its many important pharmacological activities such as enhancing immunity, reducing blood sugar and resisting tumor, there are many methods for extracting, separating and purifying ginsenoside monomer used in production practice. Ginsenoside Rh2 (Ginsenoside Rh 2) has good capability of inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. In addition, rare ginsenosides Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rk2, Rk3, Rh1, Rh3, Rh4, aPPT, aPPD and the like also have certain anticancer activity.
Due to the complexity of cancer, single drug therapy is susceptible to developing resistance that is insufficient to cause tumor regression. Therefore, in recent years, the combination chemotherapy has been applied to the field of cancer treatment, but the problems of low in vivo targeting, poor bioavailability, great toxic and side effects and the like still exist.
Human Serum Albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in human plasma, has many advantages such as non-toxicity, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, and is one of the most promising drug carriers at present. Albumin can achieve tumor targeting and penetration of the drug through gp60 and crypt-mediated transcellular transport and intratumoral accumulation, as well as interaction with tumor SPARC proteins.
Based on the consideration of the factors, a human serum albumin-based ginsenoside and paclitaxel combined nano drug-carrying system is synthesized, so that the problems of poor curative effect, high toxicity, low bioavailability and the like of the existing anticancer drugs are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticle which has better anti-tumor activity and lower toxic and side effects compared with the current single medicament, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles takes human serum albumin, ginsenoside and paclitaxel as raw materials, the molar ratio of the human serum albumin to the paclitaxel and the ginsenoside is 8-12: 1:1, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a paclitaxel ethanol solution with the concentration of 1-5 mg/mL;
(2) preparing a human serum albumin aqueous solution with the concentration of 10-50 mg/mL;
(3) adding ginsenoside into human serum albumin water solution, and stirring;
(4) adjusting the pH value of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside aqueous solution to 8.0-8.5, and stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 min;
(5) dropwise adding the paclitaxel ethanol solution prepared in the step (1) into the human serum albumin-ginsenoside aqueous solution at the speed of 1-2 mL/min, and continuously stirring until the dropwise adding is complete;
(6) after the dropwise addition is finished for 1 min, adding an ethanol solution of glutaraldehyde for fixing, and continuously stirring for 5-12 h;
(7) removing supernatant with high speed centrifuge, dissolving precipitate with deionized water, and removing residual glutaraldehyde by ultrasonic wave, filtering with membrane, dialysis or ultrafiltration;
(8) pre-freezing at low temperature for 2 h, and vacuum freeze-drying in a drier for 48 h to obtain human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticle freeze-dried powder.
The preparation method comprises the step (5) of mixing the human serum albumin-ginsenoside aqueous solution and the paclitaxel ethanol solution in a volume ratio of 1: 6-8.
The amount of the glutaraldehyde ethanol solution added in the step (6) is 10-25 mu L of 8% glutaraldehyde ethanol solution.
In the step (7), the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 10000-15000 rpm, the ultrasonic time is 10-15 min, and the aperture of the filter membrane is 0.22 mu m.
The preparation method of the invention adopts human serum albumin to wrap two raw materials, namely paclitaxel and ginsenoside. The encapsulation rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles to paclitaxel is 70-85%, the encapsulation rate to ginsenoside is 70-95%, and the drug-loading rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles is 16-20%. The particle size of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles is 80-120 nm.
Another object of the invention is: the prepared human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles are used as a medicine for treating tumors.
Compared with the prior art, the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles prepared by the method have the following advantages:
1) compared with single medicine, the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles have higher activity on cancer cells;
2) the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles have lower toxicity to normal cells compared with single drugs;
3) the human serum albumin nanoparticles encapsulate two anti-cancer drugs at the same time, and have higher drug-loading rate;
4) the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles can effectively promote the solubility of paclitaxel and ginsenoside in water;
5) the preparation method of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles is simple and feasible, and the synthesized nanoparticles have small and uniform particle size and are suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles prepared in example 1;
fig. 2 is a distribution diagram of the particle size of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles prepared in example 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Preparing human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles:
weighing 2.5 mg of paclitaxel powder, adding 8 mL of ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to completely dissolve the paclitaxel powder to prepare a paclitaxel ethanol solution;
weighing 20 mg of human serum albumin powder, adding 1 mL of deionized water for dissolving, adding 2 mg of ginsenoside Rh2, adjusting the pH value to 8.2 by using 0.5M NaOH solution, and stirring for 30min at normal temperature;
dripping paclitaxel ethanol solution into the solution at a speed of 1 mL/min by using a micro peristaltic pump, and continuously stirring;
after finishing dripping for 1 min, adding 25 microliter of 8% glutaraldehyde for fixation, and continuing stirring for 12 h to allow the human serum albumin to fully entrap paclitaxel and ginsenoside Rh 2;
after 12 h, centrifuging the mixed solution at 14000 rpm, removing the supernatant, dissolving the precipitate with 10 mL of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10 min, filtering with a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and removing residual glutaraldehyde in the solution by dialysis or ultrafiltration;
pre-freezing the nanoparticle aqueous solution in a low-temperature refrigerator for 2 h, and vacuum freeze-drying in a dryer for 48 h to obtain human serum albumin-ginsenoside Rh 2-paclitaxel nanoparticle freeze-dried powder.
Finally, all the supernatants were integrated, the drug concentration therein was checked, and the drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were calculated:
drug loading (%) = (total amount of drug-supernatant)/total amount of preparation x 100%
Encapsulation ratio (%) = (total amount of drug-supernatant)/total amount of drug × 100%
The encapsulation rate of the finally obtained human serum albumin nanoparticles to paclitaxel is 82%, the encapsulation rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles to ginsenoside Rh2 is 93%, and the drug-loading rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles is 19.5%. The particle size of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside Rh 2-paclitaxel nanoparticles is 85-120 nm, as shown in figure 1-2.
Example 2
Preparing human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles:
weighing 5 mg of paclitaxel powder, adding 14 mL of ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to completely dissolve the paclitaxel powder to prepare a paclitaxel ethanol solution;
weighing 40 mg of human serum albumin powder, adding 2 mL of deionized water for dissolving, adding 4 mg of ginsenoside Rg3, adjusting the pH to 8.5 by using 0.5M NaOH solution, and stirring at normal temperature for 20 min;
dropwise adding paclitaxel ethanol solution into the solution at a speed of 1.2 mL/min by using a micro peristaltic pump, and continuously stirring;
after finishing dripping for 1 min, adding 15 microliters of 8% glutaraldehyde for fixation, and continuing stirring for 8 h to allow the human serum albumin to fully entrap paclitaxel and ginsenoside Rg 3;
after 8 h, centrifuging the mixed solution at 12000 rpm, removing supernatant, dissolving the precipitate with 15 mL of deionized water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 15 min, filtering with a 0.22-micron filter membrane, and removing residual glutaraldehyde in the solution by dialysis or ultrafiltration;
the nanoparticle aqueous solution is put into a low-temperature refrigerator for pre-freezing for 2 h, and then put into a drier for vacuum freeze-drying for 48 h, so as to obtain the human serum albumin-ginsenoside Rh 2-taxol nanoparticle freeze-dried powder.
And finally, integrating all the clear liquids, detecting the drug concentration in the clear liquids, and calculating the drug loading rate and the encapsulation rate to obtain that the encapsulation rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles to the paclitaxel is 85%, the encapsulation rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles to the ginsenoside Rg3 is 88%, and the drug loading rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles is 19.4%. The particle size of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside Rg 3-paclitaxel nanoparticles is 85-120 nm.
The in vitro anti-tumor activity of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside Rg 3-paclitaxel nanoparticles is tested by an MTT method by taking the concentration of paclitaxel as a reference: rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rk2, Rk3, Rh1, Rh3, Rh4, aPPT and aPPD were subjected to proliferation inhibition activity experiments on human liver cancer cells (BEL-7402), human cervical cancer cells (Hela), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human normal liver cells (QSG-7701), and the results were as follows:
in vitro experiment results show that for the 3 cancer cells, the activity of the ginsenoside alone is not good as that of paclitaxel, the combined anticancer activity of the two medicines is obviously better than that of the single medicine, and the prepared human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles have more obvious improved activity which is generally improved by more than two times compared with paclitaxel. For normal cells, the toxicity of the combination of the two drugs is also obviously increased, and the toxicity of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles is reduced by nearly two times compared with the drugs which are not combined with the human serum albumin.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps of taking human serum albumin, ginsenoside and paclitaxel as raw materials, wherein the molar ratio of the human serum albumin to the paclitaxel to the ginsenoside is 8-12: 1:
(1) preparing a paclitaxel ethanol solution with the concentration of 1-5 mg/mL;
(2) preparing a human serum albumin aqueous solution with the concentration of 10-50 mg/mL;
(3) adding ginsenoside into human serum albumin water solution, and stirring;
(4) adjusting the pH value of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside aqueous solution to 8.0-8.5 by using a NaOH solution, and stirring for 20-30 min at normal temperature;
(5) dropwise adding the paclitaxel ethanol solution prepared in the step (1) into the human serum albumin-ginsenoside aqueous solution at the speed of 1-2 mL/min by using a micro peristaltic pump, and continuously stirring until the dropwise adding is complete;
(6) after the dropwise addition is finished for 1 min, adding an ethanol solution of glutaraldehyde for fixation, and continuously stirring for 5-12 h;
(7) centrifuging at high speed to remove supernatant, dissolving the precipitate with deionized water, and removing residual glutaraldehyde by ultrasonic wave, filtering with a membrane, dialysis or ultrafiltration;
(8) pre-freezing at low temperature, and vacuum freeze-drying in a drier to obtain the lyophilized powder.
2. The method for preparing human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein the steps of: the volume ratio of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside aqueous solution to the paclitaxel ethanol solution in the step (5) is 1: 6-8.
3. The method for preparing human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein the steps of: the amount of the glutaraldehyde ethanol solution added in the step (6) is 10-25 mu L of 8% glutaraldehyde ethanol solution.
4. The method for preparing human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein the steps of: in the step (7), the rotating speed of the centrifuge is 10000-15000 rpm, the ultrasonic time is 10-15 min, and the aperture of the filter membrane is 0.22 mu m.
5. The method for preparing human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein the steps of: and (5) pre-freezing for 2 h at low temperature in the step (8), and then putting the mixture into a dryer for vacuum freeze drying for 48 h.
6. Human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nanoparticle is characterized in that: the particle size of the human serum albumin-ginsenoside-paclitaxel nanoparticles is 80-120 nm, the encapsulation rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles to paclitaxel is 70-85%, the encapsulation rate to ginsenoside is 70-95%, and the drug-loading rate of the human serum albumin nanoparticles is 16-20%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118403031A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-07-30 | 广东医科大学 | Ornitinib-ginsenoside Rg3@albumin-blood oxygen protein nanoparticle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103768024A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-05-07 | 无锡市妇幼保健院 | Complex nano particle of ginsenoside Rh2 albumin and preparation method thereof |
| CN109806241A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-28 | 聊城大学 | A kind of double medicine albumin nano granulars and preparation process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103768024A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-05-07 | 无锡市妇幼保健院 | Complex nano particle of ginsenoside Rh2 albumin and preparation method thereof |
| CN109806241A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-28 | 聊城大学 | A kind of double medicine albumin nano granulars and preparation process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118403031A (en) * | 2024-05-06 | 2024-07-30 | 广东医科大学 | Ornitinib-ginsenoside Rg3@albumin-blood oxygen protein nanoparticle |
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