CN111163511A - Intelligent reflection surface assisted uplink power distribution method with limited delay in millimeter wave communication - Google Patents

Intelligent reflection surface assisted uplink power distribution method with limited delay in millimeter wave communication Download PDF

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CN111163511A
CN111163511A CN201911327999.XA CN201911327999A CN111163511A CN 111163511 A CN111163511 A CN 111163511A CN 201911327999 A CN201911327999 A CN 201911327999A CN 111163511 A CN111163511 A CN 111163511A
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irs
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吕铁军
曹亚帅
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146—Uplink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/04013—Intelligent reflective surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/343—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading taking into account loading or congestion level

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a power distribution method considering delay limitation in an Intelligent Reflection Surface (IRS) assisted millimeter wave (mmWave) uplink communication system. The method takes optimizing user power as a target and maximum user delay as a constraint, and converts a power distribution problem into three optimizing steps through an Alternative Optimization (AO) idea, wherein the optimizing steps are as follows: (1) and fixing the multi-user detection matrix and the IRS passive beam forming variable, and obtaining an optimized power closed-type solution according to the transmission delay constraint. (2) And fixing power and passive beam forming variables, and optimizing a multi-user detection matrix to eliminate interference among users. (3) The fixed power and the user detection matrix provide a Complex Circulation Manifold Optimization (CCMO) algorithm aiming at the optimization of IRS beam forming. The invention can realize low-cost and low-power consumption mode by using the nearly passive IRS auxiliary link, effectively resist retransmission delay caused by channel blockage, and the proposed algorithm is suitable for being expanded to the large-scale IRS auxiliary power distribution problem.

Description

Intelligent reflection surface assisted uplink power distribution method with limited delay in millimeter wave communication
Technical Field
The invention relates to an uplink power distribution method considering delay limitation in a multi-user mmWave communication system based on IRS assistance. Specifically, the scheme uses the mmWave link and the optimally designed IRS reflection link together to realize high-speed uplink communication with the aim of minimizing uplink user power in a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) system, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
In fifth generation mobile networks (5G), mmWave communication is considered as a key technology for providing gigabit data rates, which is expected to support unprecedented low latency services in the internet of things, but also requires solutions for remote coverage and low power consumption communication devices. mmWave becomes an attractive solution that can meet the stringent latency and power consumption requirements of the processing tasks performed in IoT mobile devices. While mmWave can provide high data rates, channel discontinuities inevitably lead to uplink transmission delays and increased transmission power consumption due to the extreme susceptibility of its link to congestion.
Here we mainly consider how to reduce the impact of link blocking events on transmission delay and transmission power consumption with the green and sustainable design philosophy advocated by 5G. To this end, we introduced IRS-assisted mmWave communication to overcome blocking events, consisting of nearly passive low-cost reflective elements, IRS originated from software-defined metamaterials. In existing solutions for overcoming congestion, too many wireless access points are often used to provide multiple links and over-provisioning of communication resources, and although congestion can be overcome, these methods have a large overhead. Considering the low cost and high reflection gain of the IRS, we can control the impact caused by blocking within a certain range by an IRS-assisted scheme, ensuring the required delay performance while reducing the device power consumption as much as possible.
Aiming at the problems of high complexity or poor system performance in the problem of processing constant modulus constraint of IRS phase shift in the existing method, the invention provides a CCMO method suitable for IRS passive beam forming.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an effective method for IRS-assisted uplink transmission power allocation for mmWave communication under communication delay constraint, that is, an IRS may solve the problem of mmWave link congestion by creating a supplemental link, so as to ensure real-time data upload under strict delay requirement. Each user has a predetermined maximum delay constraint and uploads data via the link to the BS and the auxiliary link provided by the IRS. The method of the invention utilizes the known all relevant CSI conditions of the BS to jointly optimize the power of a single device, the multi-user detection matrix and the passive beam forming coefficient in order to minimize the uplink transmitting power of all users and simultaneously meet the transmission delay requirement of the users. Meanwhile, when a direct link from a user to the BS is weak in blockage, the IRS performs passive beam forming configuration to meet the requirement of transmission delay and reduce the co-channel interference among multiple users. The method comprises the following three operation steps:
(1) uplink transmission power control: and the user equipment updates the transmission power by utilizing the distribution power result after the last iteration after acquiring the combined channel gain of the user to the BS link and the supplementary link provided by the IRS based on the initialized distribution power.
(11) BS acquires and calculates a combined channel representation hk＝hd,k+GΘhr,k. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002328871510000021
indicating a direct link of the kth user equipment to the BS,
Figure BDA0002328871510000022
indicating the k-th user equipment link to the IRS,
Figure BDA0002328871510000023
indicating the link from the BS to the IRS,
Figure BDA0002328871510000024
representing the IRS phase shift matrix.
(12) BS restricts maximum time delay T according to k user equipmentkCalculating to obtain the virtual time delay
Figure BDA0002328871510000025
Based on conditions
Figure BDA0002328871510000026
Definition of
Figure BDA0002328871510000027
Transferring power control sub-problem toThe following optimization problem is solved:
Figure BDA0002328871510000028
Figure BDA0002328871510000029
Figure BDA00023288715100000210
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00023288715100000211
(13) based on the number of BS antennas M, IRS, the number of elements N, the number of users K, and the multi-user detection vector f corresponding to the kth userkAnd the power p obtained from the last iterationkUpdating power
Figure BDA0002328871510000031
(2) And (3) multi-user detection: and converting the multi-user detection vector problem of each user at the BS into a Rayleigh quotient minimization problem by using the current user power and the known channel gain, and calculating by the BS to obtain the multi-user detection vector according to the MVDR beam forming idea. Repeating steps (1) and (2) in a joint alternating optimization mode until power and convergence.
(21) The BS depends on the CSI, h, of each userk＝hd,k+GΘhr,kAnd updated power pkComputing a multi-user detection vector for the kth user
Figure BDA0002328871510000032
This vector can minimize the user power under the current conditions.
(3) IRS passive beamforming: and designing IRS passive beamforming according to the selected power and the multi-user detection vector to realize that the transmission delay of the user is smaller than a constraint target, and obtaining an optimal phase shift result by utilizing a CCMO algorithm to minimize the transmission power of all users under the delay constraint. And (3) repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3) according to a joint alternating optimization mode until the total power of the user converges.
(31) The BS calculates G theta h according to the CSI of the auxiliary linkr,j＝G·diag(hr,j)·θ＝Gh,jθ，
Figure BDA0002328871510000033
And
Figure BDA0002328871510000034
thus, the passive beam forming problem is converted into theta solving.
(32) Converting the delay constraints of all users into a delay residual maximization problem, and constructing a constant modulus constraint into a complex annular manifold space
Figure BDA0002328871510000035
Namely, it is
Figure BDA0002328871510000036
Wherein
Figure BDA0002328871510000037
(33) At the current point, the Euclidean gradient is calculated as
Figure BDA0002328871510000038
Obtaining Riemann gradient by executing projection operator on European gradient
Figure BDA0002328871510000039
(34) Gradient descent is performed in the tangent space at the current point:
Figure BDA00023288715100000310
and performing contraction operator projection on the current obtained result to the original manifold space sNTo do so, i.e.
Figure BDA00023288715100000311
(35) Repeating steps (31) - (34) until convergence condition | f (theta)(i))-f(θ(i-1))|＜∈cIf so, the output Θ is set to diag (θ).
In the invention, based on the auxiliary link provided by the IRS, uplink transmission power distribution is carried out on users in the mmWave network under the condition of meeting the time delay requirement. The method has the advantages that the user equipment can improve the data transmission rate by utilizing the function of IRS reflected beam forming under the condition that the mmWave channel is blocked so as to overcome the influence of mmWave direct link blocking and ensure the transmission delay requirement of the user. Next, the BS configures the reflection coefficient of the IRS according to the proposed CCMO algorithm using the obtained CSI information, which is less complex, thereby reducing the transmission power of the user equipment. The invention relates to an effective transmission power distribution method design which can overcome mmWave channel blockage, thereby improving uplink transmission rate and ensuring user transmission delay.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an application scenario of the present invention: and (3) a multi-user SIMO uplink communication system model diagram based on mmWave.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of delay-limited multi-user uplink power optimization based on alternation optimization in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of the transmission power of the user equipment in the mmWave network under different conditions in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the application scenario of the present invention is: the uplink multi-user mmWave network comprises a BS, an IRS and a plurality of users. The IRS is deployed at a location with line of sight (LoS) to the base station, and the users are closer to the IRS. The BS may utilize channel reciprocity to achieve acquisition of all CSI via a Time Division Duplex (TDD) protocol. And according to the acquired channel state and the maximum uploading delay requirements of different users, the BS jointly optimizes the phase shift of the IRS and the multi-user detection vector, thereby reducing the transmitting power of the user equipment.
Our goal is to ensure that the SINR of the BS received signal is minimized for the uplink transmission power of the user equipment without exceeding the maximum delay requirement. Firstly, the original problem is a complex non-convex problem due to constant modulus constraint, and a global optimal solution is difficult to obtain. For the power allocation subproblem, we obtain a closed-form solution of each iteration according to linear programming. Aiming at the multi-user detection subproblem, the problem is converted into the Rayleigh quotient minimization problem, and the MVDR idea is utilized to obtain a closed-form solution of each iteration. Aiming at the IRS passive beam forming subproblem, a manifold space is formed according to a special geometric structure of constant modulus constraint, the original problem is converted into a delay residual maximization problem with low complexity by adopting a CCMO algorithm, Riemann gradient descent method and the like, and the local optimal solution is obtained by iterative solution.
In order to demonstrate the utility of the present invention, the applicant conducted a number of simulation experiments. The network model in the test system is an application scenario shown in fig. 1, and the result of the simulation test is shown in fig. 3. In the reference scheme of fig. 3, we show the required user transmission power when not equipped with IRS and the transmission power of the proposed algorithm and the contrast algorithm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The present invention provides a method for uplink delay limited user power allocation in IRS assisted mmWave Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) systems; for the following scenarios: a Base Station (BS) is positioned in an mmWave cell, a plurality of cell users are uniformly distributed in the cell, and an IRS is deployed in a communication hotspot area in the cell; wherein the BS knows per user to BS, IRS to BS and per user to IRS Channel State Information (CSI), the BS calculates the result of the IRS passive beamforming according to the CSI and feeds back the result to the controller through the control link, and the controller adjusts the phase shift of the IRS.
(1) Uplink transmission power control: and the user equipment updates the transmission power by using the distribution power result after the last iteration after acquiring the combined channel gain of the user to the BS link and the supplementary link provided by the IRS based on the initialized distribution power.
(2) And (3) multi-user detection: and converting the multi-user detection vector problem of each user at the BS into a Rayleigh quotient minimization problem by using the current user power and the known channel gain, and calculating by the BS to obtain the multi-user detection vector according to the idea of the MVDR beam former. Repeating steps (1) and (2) in a joint alternating optimization mode until power and convergence.
(3) IRS passive beamforming: and designing IRS passive beam forming according to the selected power and the multi-user detection vector to realize that the transmission delay of the user is smaller than a constraint target, and obtaining an optimal phase shift result by utilizing a CCMO algorithm to minimize the transmission power of all users under the delay constraint. Repeating the steps (1), (2) and (3) according to a joint alternating optimization mode until power and convergence.
The invention provides a method for minimizing the transmitting power of all users while satisfying the uplink transmission delay constraint by utilizing all CSI information sensed by a BS, wherein the equipment power, a multi-user detection matrix and a passive beam forming coefficient are processed based on an alternative optimization mode. The IRS reflection beam forming effectively reduces the co-channel interference of multiple users, and meanwhile, the calculation complexity of the proposed passive beam forming is low.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the uplink transmission power control scheme comprises the following operations:
(11) the BS obtains a direct link from the kth user equipment to the BS, a link from the kth user equipment to the IRS and a link CSI from the BS to the IRS and calculates a combined channel hk＝hd,k+GΘhr,k。
(12) BS restricts maximum time delay T according to k user equipmentkConverting it into signal to interference plus noise ratio (S/N) ((S/N))SINR) threshold, thereby translating the power control problem into a linear programming problem.
(13) Based on the number of BS antennas M, IRS, the number of elements N, the number of users K, and the multi-user detection vector f corresponding to the kth userkAnd the power p obtained from the last iterationkAnd iteratively updating the power.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein step (2) further comprises the following operations:
(21) the BS depends on the CSI, h, of each userk＝hd,k+GΘhr,kAnd updated power pkAnd converting the multi-user detection problem into a Rayleigh quotient problem by minimizing the user power under the current condition as an optimization target, and calculating the multi-user detection vector of the kth user by utilizing an MVDR form.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein step (3) further comprises the following operations:
(31) the BS calculates G theta h according to the CSI of the auxiliary linkr,j＝G·diag(hr,j)·θ＝Gh,jθ，
Figure FDA0002328871500000021
And
Figure FDA0002328871500000022
therefore, the problem of solving theta is converted into the optimization problem of solving theta.
(32) Converting the delay constraints of all users into a delay residual maximization problem, constructing a constant modulus constraint into a complex annular manifold space, and finally converting the delay residual maximization problem into an unconstrained optimization problem on the manifold space.
(33) And calculating the Euclidean gradient at the current point, and executing a projection operator on the Euclidean gradient to obtain the Riemann gradient.
(34) Gradient descending is carried out in the tangent space of the current point, and the contraction operator is carried out on the current obtained result to project the result to the original manifold space
Figure FDA0002328871500000023
The above.
(35) And (5) repeating the steps (31) to (34) until the objective function of the manifold optimization problem converges.
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CN112367106A (en) * 2020-10-10 2021-02-12 西安电子科技大学 6G RIS-assisted optimization method for physical layer safety combination in NOMA system
CN112367106B (en) * 2020-10-10 2022-03-01 西安电子科技大学 6G RIS-assisted optimization method for physical layer safety combination in NOMA system
CN112533274A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-03-19 北京科技大学 Indoor terahertz BWP and power scheduling method and device
CN112532289A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-03-19 电子科技大学 Multi-antenna multicast transmission method of symbiotic communication system based on intelligent reflection surface
CN112422162B (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-08-10 中山大学 Intelligent reflecting surface robust beam forming method and system
CN112422162A (en) * 2020-12-10 2021-02-26 中山大学 Intelligent reflecting surface robust beam forming method and system
CN112804695A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-14 北京邮电大学 Reconfigurable intelligent surface-assisted wireless communication method and device
CN112804695B (en) * 2020-12-28 2023-06-30 北京邮电大学 Reconfigurable intelligent surface-assisted wireless communication method and device
CN112911669A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-06-04 江苏第二师范学院 D2D communication mode switching method based on intelligent super surface/relay
CN112911669B (en) * 2021-01-14 2023-04-18 江苏第二师范学院 D2D communication mode switching method based on intelligent super surface/relay
CN112954690A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-11 西北工业大学 Anti-interference method and system based on space-based reconfigurable intelligent surface
CN113037659A (en) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-25 浙江工业大学 Multi-intelligent-reflector-assisted uplink cloud access network access link transmission method
CN113037659B (en) * 2021-02-26 2022-10-21 浙江工业大学 Multi-intelligent-reflector-assisted uplink cloud access network access link transmission method
CN113315547A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-27 北京邮电大学 Robust joint transmission beam optimization method for intelligent reflecting surface assisted multiple cells
WO2022256954A1 (en) * 2021-06-07 2022-12-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Managing conflicting configurations for configuring a reflective surface
WO2023024923A1 (en) * 2021-08-23 2023-03-02 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Control method and control apparatus for network node, network node and base station
CN114697978A (en) * 2022-03-22 2022-07-01 国网电力科学研究院有限公司 Intelligent reflector assisted uplink moving edge calculation method and system
CN114697978B (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-08-11 国网电力科学研究院有限公司 Intelligent reflecting surface-assisted uplink movement edge calculation method and system
CN114785388A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-07-22 北京邮电大学 Intelligent omnidirectional surface-assisted multi-user large-scale SIMO uplink M-order modulation weighting and rate optimization method
CN114785388B (en) * 2022-04-21 2023-08-18 北京邮电大学 Intelligent omnidirectional plane auxiliary multi-user SIMO uplink weighting and rate optimization method

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