CN111162546B - Adaptive adjustment power smoothing control method applied to energy storage - Google Patents

Adaptive adjustment power smoothing control method applied to energy storage Download PDF

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CN111162546B
CN111162546B CN201911253187.5A CN201911253187A CN111162546B CN 111162546 B CN111162546 B CN 111162546B CN 201911253187 A CN201911253187 A CN 201911253187A CN 111162546 B CN111162546 B CN 111162546B
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李霞林
李志旺
郭力
黄迪
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Tianjin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

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Abstract

The invention relates to a power smooth control method for self-adaptive adjustment of energy storage, which comprises a power outer ring, a voltage control ring and a current control ring, wherein direct-current energy storage DC-DC by measuring output power P in real timeesdcFiltered coefficient of TfAfter the filter, the power control loop enters the control system and passes through the power reference value P of the power control loopes,refControlling steady state power output of the energy storage system by proportional parameter D of the power control loopdcAnd an integral parameter TdcControlling the transient power output of the stored energy; the method for adaptively adjusting the power loop proportion parameter comprises the following steps: when the energy storage outputs transient power, the transient power can be output according to the voltage u of the direct current busbusThe change of the voltage is processed by a filter and a differential link, and then is processed by an absolute value link to obtain the direct current bus voltage change rate information z; the parameter z is adjusted by an amplification factor K and a natural index to obtain a proportionality factor DdcAnd (4) to realize adaptive control.

Description

Adaptive adjustment power smoothing control method applied to energy storage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy storage converter control, and relates to a power smoothing control method for self-adaptive adjustment of energy storage.
Background
With the rapid increase of new energy power generation and direct current load capacity, direct current systems are showing the advantages of low construction and modification cost, large capacity, small loss, convenience for new energy access and the like [1 ]. The large-scale new energy power generation and direct current load can be connected into a direct current bus through DC-AC or DC-DC and then connected into an alternating current power grid through grid-connected DC-AC, but the direct current power grid has small inertia, and power fluctuation of new energy and frequent switching of load can bring certain threat to stable operation of direct current voltage.
To solve the above problem, one idea is to stabilize the dc voltage by means of transient suppression of the unbalanced power by the energy storage system, while reducing the speed requirement of the power output of the GCC [2-3 ]. In the control application of energy storage, the conventional power or constant current control method cannot realize the stabilization of power disturbance in the aspect of dealing with the power disturbance, and most of the conventional droop control or the improved form thereof aims at the distribution of steady-state power, and cannot realize the support of the energy storage only on transient power; documents [4-6] propose sub-band control of hybrid energy storage, which uses energy type energy storage to stabilize low-frequency power, power type energy storage to stabilize high-frequency power, and integral droop control proposed in [7], and simulate capacitance characteristics to realize rapid charging and discharging of power. Although the energy storage control method can stabilize the transient power, the method is limited among energy storage systems, the sharing of the transient power is mainly concerned, the adjustment of the steady-state power cannot be realized, and meanwhile, when the method is matched with a Grid Connected Converter (GCC), the influence of the energy storage control method on the response characteristic of the transient power and the stability of the direct-current voltage is to be researched; another point is that if the response peak value of the stored energy is large during the transient state, the damping may be too small during the steady state recovery process.
Reference to the literature
[1]Stark M R,Tolbert L M,Ozpineci B.AC vs.DC distribution:a loss comparison[C]//2008IEEE Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition.Bogota,Colombia:IEEE，2008:1-7.
[2]Z.Zhao,P.Yang,J.M.Guerrero,et al.Multiple-Time-Scales Hierarchical Frequency Stability Control Strategy of Medium-Voltage Isolated Microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(8): 5974-5991.
[3]L.Meng,T.Dragicevic,J.M.Guerrero.Adaptive Control Design for Autonomous Operation of Multiple Energy Storage Systems in Power Smoothing Applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2018, 65(8):6612-6624.
[4]Xu Qianwen,Hu Xiaolei,Wang peng,et al.A decentralized dynamic power sharing strategy for hybrid energy storage system in autonomous DC microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(7): 5930-5941.
[5]Jin Zheming,Meng Lexuan,Josep M.Guerrero,et al.Hierarchical control design for a shipboard power system with DC distribution and energy storage aboard future more-electric ships[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2018,14(2):703-714.
[6]Jiawei Chen,Qingchao Song.A Decentralized Dynamic Load Power Allocation Strategy for Fuel Cell/Supercapacitor-Based APU of Large More Electric Vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2019,66(2):865-875.
[7]Pengfeng Lin,Peng Wang,Jianfang Xiao,et al.An Integral Droop for Transient Power Allocation and Output Impedance Shaping of Hybrid Energy Storage System in DC Microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(7):6262-6277.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a power smooth control method capable of realizing self-adaptive adjustment of energy storage parameters, which can not only realize the tracking of energy storage steady-state power, but also meet the support of energy storage on transient power disturbance, and simultaneously ensure better damping in the steady-state recovery process. The technical scheme is as follows:
a power smooth control method for self-adaptive regulation of energy storage comprises a power outer ring, a voltage control ring and a current control ring, wherein the direct current energy storage DC-DC outputs power P through real-time measurementesdcFiltered coefficient of TfAfter the filter, the power control loop enters the control system and passes through the power reference value P of the power control loopes,refControlling steady state power output of the energy storage system by proportional parameter D of the power control loopdcAnd an integral parameter TdcControlling the transient power output of the stored energy; the method is characterized by comprising the following two aspects:
(1) generating a signal according to the power control loop, and adding a DC voltage set value ues,setThen obtaining the DC voltage reference uesAnd ref, performing voltage and current double-loop control on the inner loop to further realize a control target, wherein a setting formula of the power control loop is as follows:
Figure GDA0002785620690000021
(2) the method for adaptively adjusting the power loop proportion parameter comprises the following steps: when the energy storage outputs transient power, the transient power can be output according to the voltage u of the direct current busbusThe change of the voltage is processed by a filter and a differential link, and then is processed by an absolute value link to obtain the direct current bus voltage change rate information z; the parameter z is amplified by the coefficient K and the natural indexTo obtain a ratio parameter DdcThe self-adaptive control is realized, and the setting formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0002785620690000022
in the above formula, N is the filter coefficient, D0Is a proportional parameter DdcSet point at steady state.
Adaptively adjusted parameter DdcThe absolute change range is provided on the dynamic state, and the following conditions are satisfied:
0＜Ddc≤D0。
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the tracking of the energy storage to the steady-state power set value can be realized, and the requirement of the system can be met when the upper-layer power scheduling is considered.
2. The system can realize the support of the energy storage to the power disturbance in the system, smooth the power output of the main power supply and reduce the drop of the direct-current voltage.
3. The smaller proportional parameter of the energy storage power loop can enable the energy storage to release larger power when responding to the transient power, the larger proportional parameter can increase the damping of the system, therefore, the adaptively adjusted proportional parameter can enable the energy storage to have the smaller proportional parameter and better response power when responding to the transient state, and the larger proportional parameter is recovered in the recovery stage to enable the system to better recover the steady state.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 contains a block diagram of the access of the dc system of the energy storage to the weak grid;
FIG. 2 is a control architecture for a grid-connected converter;
FIG. 3 illustrates a control architecture for the energy storage system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simulation comparison of the present invention control with conventional control without adaptive tuning, (a) DC bus voltage; (b) grid-connected converter capacitor voltage; (c) active power of the grid-connected converter; (d) energy storage power;
FIG. 5 shows simulation comparisons with and without adaptive adjustment under the control method of the present invention, (a) DC bus voltage; (b) grid-connected converter capacitor voltage; (c) active power of the grid-connected converter; (d) and (4) energy storage power.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the energy storage control method disclosed by the invention is applied to the structure of the direct current system shown in the figure 1 when the direct current system is merged into a weak power grid. Fig. 1 includes a dc energy storage system, a constant power load system (for simulating new energy power fluctuation and load disturbance), and a grid-connected converter.
The control of the grid-connected converter adopts droop control, as shown in fig. 2. U in FIG. 2dcrefIs a DC voltage reference value ioFor the output current of the DC side, RdIs the sag factor, Tf1Is the filter coefficient, kpu,vscAnd k isic,vscAs a voltage loop PI parameter, itdAnd itqIs the sample point current dq axis component, vtdAnd vtqIs the sample point voltage dq axis component, kpi,vscAnd k isii,vscAs current loop PI parameter, LfIs a filter inductance, EdAnd EqIs the converter outlet voltage dq axis component.
The energy storage control method of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. Direct-current energy storage DC-DC output power P measured in real timeesdcFiltered coefficient of TfAnd then enters the control system. Power reference value P through power control loopes,refControlling steady state power output of the energy storage system by proportional parameter D of the power control loopdcAnd an integral parameter TdcControlling the transient power output of the stored energy; generating a signal according to the power control loop, and adding a DC voltage set value ues,setThen obtaining the DC voltage reference ues,refAnd the voltage and the current entering the inner ring are controlled in a double-ring mode, so that the control target is realized. The setting formula of the power control loop is as follows:
Figure GDA0002785620690000031
when the energy storage outputs transient power, in the control system, the proportional parameter D in the above formuladcCan be based on the DC bus voltageubusThe change of the voltage is processed by a filter and a differential link, and then is processed by an absolute value link to obtain the direct current bus voltage change rate information z; the parameter z is adjusted by an amplification factor K and a natural index to obtain a proportional parameter DdcThe self-adaptive control is realized, and the setting formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0002785620690000032
in the above formula, N is the filter coefficient, D0Is a proportional parameter DdcSet value in steady state, and the adaptively adjusted parameter DdcThe absolute change range is provided on the dynamic state, and the following conditions are satisfied:
0＜Ddc≤D0
finally obtaining the DC reference voltage u of the inner ring according to the three equationses,refAnd the reference value of the current is obtained by entering voltage loop PI control, and then the duty ratio signal of the energy storage converter is obtained by current loop PI control, so that the power output of the DC-DC is regulated, wherein the setting formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0002785620690000033
in the above formula, ies,refIs an inner loop current reference value, kpu,esAnd k isiu,esThe proportional coefficient and the integral coefficient of the voltage ring are respectively; desFor the energy-storage duty-cycle signal, ilesIs an inductive current, kpi,esAnd k isii,esThe current loop proportionality coefficient and the integral coefficient.
A simulation example shown in FIG. 1 is constructed through PSCAD/EMPDC, the energy storage control method is verified, and control parameters of each unit are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 basic parameters of the System
Figure GDA0002785620690000041
1) Working condition 1
In the following simulation, the system short-circuit ratio SCR is 2.87, the energy storage steady-state power output set value is-1 kW (i.e. 1kW load power is shared), and meanwhile, in order to embody the superiority of the control method provided by the present invention, in the simulation working condition 1, the control method of the present invention compares the non-adaptive adjustment with the energy storage working under the conventional power control.
The simulation results are shown in fig. 4. Before power disturbance after starting the system, the reference value of the voltage of the power unit is 200V, the load power is 3.125kW, it can be seen that the stored energy can work at a power set value, the power of the grid-connected inverter is shared by 1kW, the power of the grid-connected inverter is about 2.2kW (partial line and switch loss) at the moment, when t is 3s, the reference of the voltage of the power unit is changed into 280V, the load power is changed into 6.125kW at the moment, the disturbance moment can be seen, the stored energy power can quickly respond, the power output of the grid-connected inverter is smoothed, while the stored energy under the control of the conventional power can not smooth the power output of the grid-connected inverter, and meanwhile, under the control of the invention, the direct-current voltage drop is obviously reduced, the stability.
2) Working condition 2
In the working condition, when the energy storage works under the energy storage control method, the result of adding and not adding the adaptive adjustment is verified. Wherein System #1 is D0System #2 is D as a result of adaptive adjustment taken at time 15dcAs a result of time 15, System #3 is DdcResults are 0.1, with the remaining parameters shown in Table 1.
The simulation results are shown in fig. 5. Also before the power disturbance of the system after starting, the voltage reference value of the power unit is 200V, the power of the load is 3.125kW, when t is 3s, the voltage reference of the power unit is changed to 280V, and the power of the load is changed to 6.125 kW. From the power response results of the stored energy, the stored energy under system #3 can obviously bear more transient power at the moment of power disturbance than system #2, but has less damping during the process of recovering the steady state. The system #1 takes the advantages of the system #2 and the system #3 into consideration, can bear more transient power at the moment of disturbance, can keep better damping in the process of recovering the steady state, and can work at a set value in the steady state, so that the advantage of adding adaptive adjustment is verified.

Claims (2)

1. A power smooth control method for self-adaptive regulation of energy storage comprises a power outer ring, a voltage control ring and a current control ring, wherein the direct current energy storage DC-DC outputs power P through real-time measurementesdcFiltered coefficient of TfAfter the filter, the power control loop enters the control system and passes through the power reference value P of the power control loopes,refControlling steady state power output of the energy storage system by proportional parameter D of the power control loopdcAnd an integral parameter TdcControlling the transient power output of the stored energy; the method is characterized by comprising the following two aspects:
(1) generating a signal according to the power control loop, and adding a DC voltage set value ues,setThen obtaining the DC voltage reference ues,refAnd entering voltage and current double-loop control of the inner ring to further realize a control target, wherein a setting formula of the power control ring is as follows:
Figure FDA0002785620680000011
(2) the method for adaptively adjusting the power loop proportion parameter comprises the following steps: when the energy storage outputs transient power, the transient power can be output according to the voltage u of the direct current busbusThe change of the voltage is processed by a filter and a differential link, and then is processed by an absolute value link to obtain the direct current bus voltage change rate information z; the parameter z is adjusted by an amplification factor K and a natural index to obtain a proportional parameter DdcThe self-adaptive control is realized, and the setting formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002785620680000012
in the above formula, N is the filter coefficient, D0Is a proportional parameter DdcSet point at steady state.
2. The power smoothing control method of claim 1, wherein the adaptively adjusted parameter D isdcThe absolute change range is provided on the dynamic state, and the following conditions are satisfied:
0＜Ddc≤D0。
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