CN111162543B - Hybrid reactive power compensation control method - Google Patents

Hybrid reactive power compensation control method Download PDF

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CN111162543B
CN111162543B CN201811315573.8A CN201811315573A CN111162543B CN 111162543 B CN111162543 B CN 111162543B CN 201811315573 A CN201811315573 A CN 201811315573A CN 111162543 B CN111162543 B CN 111162543B
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reactive power
filter
current
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control method
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CN111162543A (en
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李凌寒啸
张宇涛
王冬梅
王新庆
张君兆
李光蕊
李晓亮
林山人
曹小良
朱桂棠
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Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid reactive power compensation control method, which comprises the following steps of 1) updating a filter linked list; 2) traversing the filter chain table, distributing reactive power: 3) sending a passive part switching command according to the distribution condition of the reactive power; 4) and calculating the residual reactive power, and issuing an instruction to control the SVG to switch according to the residual reactive power. The method realizes the unified control of the passive reactive power compensation equipment and the active power compensation equipment, and can linearly and continuously carry out accurate compensation on the reactive power. The method constructs a bridge between passive control and active control, realizes the target by coordinating two systems to work simultaneously through switching communication, and ensures the autonomous control of the two systems, so that the systems are not interfered with each other. The control method has better flexibility and compatibility, can be compatible with active and passive devices with different capacities and different brands, can be conveniently transplanted among different control systems only by changing the communication control mode among the devices, and greatly expands the application range of the method.

Description

Hybrid reactive power compensation control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power control, in particular to a hybrid reactive power compensation control method.
Background
The passive reactive compensation device adopts parallel capacitors as power devices to perform reactive compensation, the capacitors in the device are divided into a plurality of groups, and the capacitors are put into a power grid through mechanical or electronic switches. The output capacity of the passive compensation device is stepped, cannot be continuous and cannot be accurately compensated, and the phenomenon of over-compensation or under-compensation is easy to occur under the condition that the reactive change range of the load is large.
The active reactive power compensation device is characterized in that a self-phase-changing bridge circuit is connected in parallel to a power grid through a transformer or a reactor, the amplitude and the phase of output voltage at the alternating current side of the bridge circuit are properly adjusted, and then the current at the alternating current side is controlled, so that the circuit can absorb or send out reactive current meeting requirements, and the purpose of dynamic reactive power compensation is achieved. The output capacity of the active reactive power compensation device is continuously adjustable, accurate compensation can be achieved, however, the IGBT in the device is a high-power heating device, the loss of the device is large, and the service life of the device is greatly shortened due to the fact that the heat dissipation problem is not well solved. In addition, the cost of the active reactive power compensation device is far higher than that of the passive reactive power compensation device.
The passive reactive power compensation device has the disadvantages that the output capacity of the capacitor is fixed, the compensation step length can be reduced as much as possible, and continuous output cannot be achieved due to the characteristics of the capacitor. The active reactive power compensation device has the defect caused by the characteristics of the device, and the defect cannot be avoided before the appearance of an alternative low-power-consumption power device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to effectively utilize the advantages of the passive reactive power compensation module and the active power compensation module and realize accurate, real-time, high-speed and continuous compensation of reactive power through unified control.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a hybrid reactive power compensation control method comprises the following steps:
1) updating a filter linked list; the filter linked list refers to a linked address list of the passive reactive power compensation device;
2) traversing the filter chain table, distributing reactive power: reactive power Q compensated according to system requirementBSequentially traversing the whole filter chain table and QBDistributing the data to filter nodes meeting the requirements in a linked list, and sequentially setting switching command words;
3) sending a passive part switching command according to the distribution condition of the reactive power;
4) and calculating residual reactive power, and issuing an instruction to control the SVG (active reactive power compensation device) to switch according to the residual reactive power.
The filter nodes meeting the requirements are filters with the capacity of the filter being more than or equal to the reactive power needing to be distributed, in an exit state and without faults.
Updating the filter chain table includes updating the filter node states and adjusting the filter chain table by descending order.
The method for arranging the filter linked list in descending order comprises the following steps:
reactive power Q of system to be compensatedBAnd adjusting by adopting a feedback closed-loop adjusting mode, setting the lowest power factor by adopting power factor hysteresis control, and if the calculated system power factor exceeds the set lowest power factor, not inputting a filter.
Reactive power QBIs calculated as follows:
Figure BSA0000173480700000021
wherein QBTo be compensated for reactive power, QcFor compensated reactive power, Q is the detected reactive power, Q0For pre-throwing reactive power, Qz is the support grid voltage reactive power, PT is the system rated voltage, U is the current detection voltage, Uz is the support voltage, and ZT is the support coefficient in the parameter setting.
And when the reactive power required to be compensated by the system is calculated, the sampled current and voltage are processed by table lookup discrete Fourier transform to obtain the effective values of the current and voltage, the active current, the reactive current, the active power and the like of the system.
The filter type is set to 1 or 0, and the setting to 1 indicates that the solid state relay modules A, C in the passive reactive power compensation device are put into and simultaneously quit when being the same, namely, the phase sequence is not detected; setting to 0 indicates that the solid-state relay module A, C in the passive reactive power compensator is switched in time division and switched out in time division, that is, the phase sequence is detected. Whether the phase sequence is detected when the equipment is put into operation is determined by setting the filter type, so that time-sharing input is realized.
The drop-in and drop-out timing when the filter type is set to 0 is as follows:
filter input
1) When the phase angle of the line voltage UAB is 165 degrees, a command is made to turn on KC (an input switch of a solid-state relay module C in the passive reactive power compensation device), and when the capacitor is fully charged, current is actually output at 210 degrees of the UAB; in the case of capacitive electrical discharge, the current actually flows at 300 ° of UAB;
2) when the phase angle of the line voltage UAB is 75 degrees, the KA (an input switch of a solid relay module A in the passive reactive power compensation device) is switched on (270 degrees after the KC switching command is sent out), and when the capacitor is fully charged, current is actually output at 120 degrees of the UAB; in the case of electrical discharge of the capacitor, the current is actually drawn at 210 ° of UAB;
filter exit
3) Command KA is turned off at 75 degrees of UAB, and actual KA is turned off at 120 degrees of UAB;
4) KC is commanded to be turned off at 165 degrees of UAB, and actual turn-off is performed at 210 degrees of UAB;
after exiting, each filter is delayed by 10S (time can be set by a parameter), and then the filter is allowed to be put into use again.
The hybrid reactive power compensation control method comprises a self-checking program before compensation control is started, only one filter is put into the self-checking program every time, and the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, all filters are withdrawn, delay is carried out for 5S after all filters are withdrawn, A, C-phase filter current values in a full withdrawal state are recorded, then a path of filter is put in, delay is carried out for 5S, the current value of A, C phases at the moment is recorded, the actual detection current of the path of filter can be obtained through the difference value of two recorded values, the calculated current is obtained according to the reactive power put in the filter, the deviation between the detected current and the calculated current is compared, the current is correct, the deviation is greater than or equal to +/-20%, and the path of filter has faults. One filter module with fixed capacity is a filter.
And in the self-checking procedure, when the current of any phase of filter is more than 20A, starting the cabinet top fan, and when all the current of the filter is less than 15A, delaying for 2 minutes and stopping the cabinet top fan. The phases refer to A, B, C three phases, and one filter module with fixed capacity is counted as one path, and each path comprises ABC three phases.
The hybrid reactive power compensation control method realizes unified control of the passive reactive compensation equipment and the active reactive compensation equipment, and can linearly and continuously perform accurate compensation on reactive power.
The method is mainly used for controlling the passive reactive compensation equipment, can quickly and accurately switch the passive equipment without impact, and meanwhile, overcomes the defect that the passive equipment can only carry out step compensation.
Therefore, the control method is characterized in that a bridge between passive control and active control is constructed, the two systems are coordinated to work simultaneously through switching communication to achieve the target, the autonomous control of the two systems is ensured, and the systems are not interfered with each other.
The design of the control method has better flexibility and compatibility, can be compatible with active and passive devices with different capacities and different brands, can be conveniently transplanted among different control systems only by changing the communication control mode among the devices, and greatly expands the application range of the method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of filter switching control hardware
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the operation mode
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of master control
FIG. 4 is a calculation flow chart
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of switching control
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In a specific hybrid reactive power control system, the operation mode of the control method is shown in fig. 2, and the hybrid reactive power control method can work in two different modes of a basic compensation cabinet (called the basic cabinet for short) and an extended compensation cabinet (called the extended cabinet for short) by using a reactive management board. The basic cabinet and the extension cabinets are provided with passive reactive compensation equipment and reactive management boards, the basic cabinet can control 7 paths of filters and 1 path of SVG modules per se, is responsible for calculating reactive power of a system, configures switching of filter groups according to states of the filters, and controls at most 3 extension cabinets (7 paths of filters in each extension cabinet) through switching communication (switching buses), and totally 28 paths of filters are switched. The expansion cabinet receives a switching command sent to the expansion cabinet by the basic cabinet through switching communication, and sends out a control pulse according to the command to control the filter bank to be switched in and out. In addition, the expansion cabinet can send the working state and parameters of the expansion cabinet to the basic cabinet through switching communication. And a touch screen is further arranged on the base cabinet for setting parameters.
The filter switching control connection mode of the passive control part is shown in figure 1. The "filter type" in the parameter table of the controller may be set to 1 (solid state relay module A, C is on and off at the same time, i.e., not detecting phase sequence) and 0 (solid state relay module A, C is on phase split, off time, i.e., detecting phase sequence). When set to 0, the commit timing is as follows (hardware connections see fig. 1):
the filter input:
1) when the capacitor is fully charged, the current is actually output at 210 degrees of the UAB; in the case of capacitive electrical discharge, the current actually flows at 300 ° of UAB;
2) when the capacitor is fully charged, current is actually output at 120 degrees of UAB when the 75-degree command of UAB is on KA (270 degrees after the KC command is sent); in the case of electrical discharge of the capacitor, the current is actually drawn at 210 ° of UAB; filter exit
3) Command KA is turned off at 75 degrees of UAB, and actual KA is turned off at 120 degrees of UAB;
4) KC is commanded off at 165 ° of UAB and actually turned off at 210 ° of UAB.
The main control flow chart of the control method is shown in fig. 3, and all the devices are controlled by circulating in the process of operating the devices according to the path shown in the flow chart. The following were used:
updating a switching knob state on a touch screen, updating a closing switch device, calculating each physical quantity and compensation quantity, updating a switching communication state of an expansion cabinet, carrying out fault discrimination and processing, processing self-checking, updating a filter state after a system is in a normal state after alarm processing, updating a filter linked list of a basic cabinet, configuring switching of a filter according to a linked list and system reactive power, reading a switching command, refreshing input and output data for communication, resetting a watchdog, and exiting.
The self-checking procedure in the above process is as follows: firstly, withdrawing all filters, only putting one filter for self-checking each time, delaying for 5S after withdrawing all filters, recording the current value of the A, C-phase filter in a fully withdrawn state, then putting one filter for delaying for 5S, recording the current value of A, C phases at the moment, obtaining the actual detection current (the difference value of two recorded values) of the filter by two recorded values, obtaining a calculated current according to the reactive power put into the filter, comparing the deviation of the detection current and the calculated current, wherein the deviation is less than +/-20%, the current is correct, the deviation is more than or equal to +/-20%, the filter has a fault, and the specific fault type is judged as shown in table 1.
Table 1: fault meter
Figure BSA0000173480700000041
Figure BSA0000173480700000051
Figure BSA0000173480700000061
And in the self-checking procedure, when the current of the filter of any phase is more than 20A, the cabinet top fan is started. And when all the filter currents are smaller than 15A, delaying for 2 minutes, and stopping the cabinet top fan.
The flow of calculating the physical quantity and the compensation quantity in the above-mentioned flow is shown in fig. 4, and the fourier algorithm is used to process the sampled current and voltage to obtain the effective values of the current and voltage, the active current, the reactive current and the active power of the system. The main calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BSA0000173480700000062
QBis the basic data of switching control, and the compensation unit of the system design configuration is fixed, so the Q value is adjustedBAnd the minimum value of the limited-amplitude power is 0, and the maximum value of the limited-amplitude power cannot exceed 1.2 times of the sum of the 'reactive power of each path', namely 0 < QB < 1.2Q total.
The switching control flow chart is shown in fig. 5:
switching configuration is carried out;
updating the state of the node of the filter; reordering the switching linked list according to the node state of the filter;
clearing all switching commands, and selecting automatic switching or manual switching;
the manual (test) switching conditions were:
1) the input/output knob is in an output state;
2) the hand-thrown number is less than the number of filter paths used but not 0;
3) the filter throw by hand allows throw.
Automatic (normal operation) switching conditions:
1) the hand-thrown number must be 0;
2) the input/exit knob is turned to input;
3) the input filter allows input;
4) the scram button is in a sprung state.
The automatic switching steps are as follows:
1) updating a filter linked list;
2) traversing the linked list, distributing reactive power: reactive power Q to be compensated according to system calculated at this timeBSequentially traversing the whole filter chain table and QBThe switching command words are distributed to filter nodes meeting requirements in a linked list and are sequentially set, 4 switching command words are set as 4 compensation cabinets in the system, each command word controls each path of filter of one compensation cabinet, each command word has 16 bits, each path of filter occupies one bit of the switching command word, the command bit is 1, and the input of the corresponding filter is controlled. After the filters are distributed, configuring corresponding command bits according to the distributed filter linked list;
3) and (3) sending a passive part switching command: after the switching distribution is finished, the filters in the basic cabinet and the extension cabinet are sequenced in the same linked list, the controller performs uniform switching control, and for the filters in the basic cabinet, the controller directly sends switching signals to the reactive power management board for switching control; for the filter in the expansion cabinet, the controller sends the switching command words belonging to the expansion cabinet to a reactive power management board in the expansion cabinet through switching communication, and the expansion cabinet completes the switching of the filter according to the switching command words;
4) and calculating residual reactive power, and issuing an instruction to control the SVG to switch through switching communication.
When switching is carried out, a feedback type closed loop regulation mode is adopted, power factor hysteresis control is adopted, the lowest power factor is set, and if the calculated system power factor exceeds the set lowest power factor, a filter is not put into use.
The number of the basic cabinet, the number of the extension cabinet, the number of the filters, and the like in the above embodiments are for illustration and cannot be used as the limiting conditions of the protection of the present application, and technicians may adjust the numbers according to actual situations.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A hybrid reactive power compensation control method comprises the following steps:
1) updating the filter linked list, updating the node state of the filter, and arranging the filter linked list according to the following modes:
first, considering capacity, a large-capacity device is in front;
second, the investment time is considered, the equipment with the same capacity is arranged in the front when the investment time is long;
thirdly, considering the exit time, arranging the equipment with the same capacity and in the exit state from front to back according to the exit time;
2) traversing the filter chain table, distributing reactive power: reactive power Q compensated according to system requirementBSequentially traversing the whole filter chain table to obtain the reactive power Q required to be compensated by the systemBDistributing the data to filter nodes meeting requirements in a filter chain table, and sequentially setting switching command words;
3) sending a passive part switching command according to the distribution condition of the reactive power;
4) and calculating the residual reactive power, and issuing an instruction to control the SVG to switch according to the residual reactive power.
2. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method of claim 1, wherein the reactive power Q to be compensated for by the systemBAnd adjusting by adopting a feedback closed-loop adjusting mode, setting the lowest power factor by adopting power factor hysteresis control, and if the calculated system power factor exceeds the set lowest power factor, not inputting a filter.
3. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method of claim 2, wherein the reactive power Q to be compensated for by the systemBThe calculation method is as follows:
Figure FSB0000192657050000011
wherein QBReactive power, Q, to be compensated for by the systemcFor compensated reactive power, Q is the detected reactive powerPower, Q0For pre-throwing reactive power, Qz is network voltage supporting reactive power, PT is system rated voltage, U is current detection voltage, UeAnd the rated voltage of the system is Uz, the supporting voltage is Uz, and ZT is a supporting coefficient in parameter setting.
4. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method of claim 1, wherein the filter type is set to 1 or 0, and the setting of 1 indicates that the solid state relay modules A, C in the passive reactive power compensation device are simultaneously switched on and off; setting to 0 indicates that the solid-state relay module A, C in the passive reactive power compensator is switched in time division and switched out in time division.
5. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method of claim 4, wherein the drop-in and drop-out timing when the filter type is set to 0 is as follows:
filter input
1) When the capacitor is fully charged, the current is actually output at the phase angle of 210 degrees of the line voltage UAB; under the condition of electric discharge of the capacitor, actually outputting current at the phase angle of 300 degrees of the line voltage UAB;
2) when the capacitor is fully charged, the current is actually output at the phase angle of 120 degrees of the line voltage UAB; under the condition of electric discharge of the capacitor, current is actually output at a phase angle of 210 degrees of a line voltage UAB;
filter exit
1) The 75-degree command of the online voltage UAB turns off an input switch KA of a solid relay module A in the passive reactive power compensation device, and the 120-degree actual turn-off of the online voltage UAB is realized;
2) and the 165-degree command of the line voltage UAB turns off an input switch KC of a solid relay module C in the passive reactive power compensation device, and the 210-degree actual turn-off of the line voltage UAB.
6. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid reactive power compensation control method comprises a self-test procedure before starting compensation control, and only one filter is used for self-test each time, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly withdrawing all filters, delaying for 5S after withdrawing all the filters, recording the current value of an A, C-phase filter in a fully withdrawn state, then throwing one path of filter, delaying for 5S, recording the current value of A, C phases at the moment, obtaining the actual detection current of the path of filter according to the difference value of two recorded values, obtaining the calculation current according to the reactive power thrown into the filter, comparing the deviation between the detection current and the calculation current, wherein the deviation is less than +/-20%, the current is correct, the deviation is greater than or equal to +/-20%, the path of filter has a fault, and one filter module with fixed capacity is the path of filter.
7. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method according to claim 6, wherein in the self-test procedure, when the filter current of any phase is greater than 20A, a cabinet top fan is started; and when all the filter currents are smaller than 15A, delaying for 2 minutes, and stopping the cabinet top fan.
8. The hybrid reactive power compensation control method of claim 2, wherein each filter is allowed to be switched on again after a delay of 10S after exiting.
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