CN111160698B - Method and device for evaluating performance of multi-layer shuttle system - Google Patents

Method and device for evaluating performance of multi-layer shuttle system Download PDF

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CN111160698B
CN111160698B CN201911174454.XA CN201911174454A CN111160698B CN 111160698 B CN111160698 B CN 111160698B CN 201911174454 A CN201911174454 A CN 201911174454A CN 111160698 B CN111160698 B CN 111160698B
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吴颖颖
秦彩云
马文凯
胡金昌
杨金桥
田彬
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Abstract

The disclosure provides a method and a device for evaluating performance of a multi-layer shuttle system. The method comprises the steps of respectively establishing a transfer car system open-loop queuing network model and a loop line system open-loop queuing network model; respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and the open-loop queuing network model of the loop line system; and under the condition that the number of layers and the number of roadways are fixed, evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model.

Description

Multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation method and device
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of shuttle scheme recommendation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for evaluating performance of a multi-layer shuttle system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the rapid development of electronic commerce, orders of logistics distribution centers show the trend of multiple varieties, small batch and rapid response, and higher requirements are put forward on a sorting system. In recent years, a multi-layer shuttle System (Automated Vehicle Storage/Retrieval System, AVS/RS) has been widely used due to its characteristics of high efficiency, precision, and the like. Generally, a multi-deck shuttle system is composed of a tunnel shuttle (simply referred to as a tunnel car) and a hoist, but the structural system needs to perform order combining operation after the picking is completed, so that the number of operators is large, and the picking period is long. With the continuous expansion of the scale of the electric enterprise industry, the variety of goods sold by the electric enterprise industry is gradually increased, the phenomenon that goods required by a single order coexist in a plurality of roadways is more and more, the order combining operation is more and more common, and a new system is urgently needed to avoid the order combining after the order is picked.
The inventor finds that the performance evaluation method for the multi-layer shuttle system has the following problems: the two types of AVS/RS based on the transfer car and the annular conveying line can realize the quick picking of goods, but the difference exists in the aspects of system throughput and order completion period, so that an enterprise decision maker has difficulty in system selection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for evaluating performance of a multi-layer shuttle system, which reduce an initialization decision cost of an enterprise decision layer, reduce input cost of manpower and material resources, and improve accuracy of evaluation of the multi-layer shuttle system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for evaluating performance of a multi-layer shuttle system, including:
respectively establishing an open-loop queuing network model of a transfer car system and an open-loop queuing network model of a loop system;
respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and the open-loop queuing network model of the loop line system;
and under the condition that the number of layers and the number of roadways are fixed, evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation device, including:
the open-loop queuing network model establishing module is used for respectively establishing an open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and an open-loop queuing network model of the loop system;
the performance parameter calculation module is used for respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the transfer car system open-loop queuing network model and the loop line system open-loop queuing network model;
and the optimal multilayer shuttle system evaluation module is used for evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition of certain layer number and roadway number.
A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation method as described above.
A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation method as described above.
The beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
according to the method, the open-loop queuing network models of the two systems are established, the system throughput and the order completion period are solved, the optimal multilayer shuttle system is evaluated according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition that the number of layers and the number of lanes are fixed, the initial decision cost of an enterprise decision layer is reduced, the input cost of manpower and material resources is reduced, and the accuracy of evaluation of the multilayer shuttle system is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the performance of a multi-layer shuttle system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transfer cart system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loop system provided by embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is an open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a ring system open-loop queuing network model provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6(a) is an acceleration variation graph of a roadway vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6(b) is a speed variation diagram of a roadway vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a comparison of throughput for a transfer car system and a loop system provided by embodiments of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8(a) is a result of an experiment on a difference between operation times of a lower turning vehicle system and a loop line system, wherein the number of lanes is 2-6, and the number of layers is 3-11 according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8(b) is a result of an experiment on a difference between the operation times of a lower turning vehicle system and a loop line system, wherein the number of roadways is 7-10, and the number of layers is 3-11 according to the embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8(c) is an experimental result of a difference between operation times of a transfer car system and a loop line system under 2-6 lanes and 12-20 layers in the embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8(d) is an experimental result of the difference between the operation times of the lower carrier vehicle system and the loop line system in the lanes 7-10 and the layers 12-20 provided by the embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Interpretation of terms:
(1) transfer vehicle system
The transshipment vehicle system takes a material box as a storage unit and consists of a roadway vehicle, a transshipment vehicle, a lifting machine, a sorting platform and a conveying cache area. Every layer of the tunnel is provided with a tunnel vehicle, every layer of the tunnel is provided with a transfer vehicle, and every two lifting machines (respectively responsible for warehouse-out and warehouse-in) correspond to a sorting table. The roadway vehicle is responsible for horizontal movement of the material box in a single roadway layer, the transfer vehicle is responsible for horizontal movement among different roadways, the elevator is responsible for vertical movement among different layers, and the conveying buffer area is responsible for temporarily storing the material box in the warehousing-out process. The top view of the system and the warehouse-in and warehouse-out process are shown in fig. 2, wherein the dotted line is the warehouse-in process, and the solid line is the warehouse-out process.
When the system executes a warehouse-out task, a material box is taken by a roadway fork and is conveyed to a corresponding warehouse-out cache region; then the transfer cart transports the material to a corresponding delivery buffer area, and then a material box is transported to the corresponding delivery buffer area by a hoisting machine; and finally, finishing picking at the picking table. When the system executes a warehousing task, the bin firstly enters a warehousing cache area from the sorting table, and the bin is conveyed to the corresponding warehousing cache area by a lifting machine; then the transfer cart conveys the data to a corresponding warehousing buffer area; and finally, the material box is conveyed to a designated goods space by the roadway vehicle.
(2) Loop line system
The loop system takes a material box as a storage unit and consists of a roadway vehicle, a lifting machine, an annular conveying line, a sorting platform and a conveying cache area. Each layer of roadway is provided with a roadway vehicle, each roadway corresponds to two elevators (respectively responsible for warehouse-in and warehouse-out), and the annular conveying lines are arranged on one layer only and are responsible for conveying the bins between different elevators and sorting tables. The top view of the system and the warehousing process are shown in fig. 3, wherein the dotted line represents the warehousing process and the solid line represents the warehousing process.
When the system executes a warehouse-out task, the material box is taken by the roadway fork, is conveyed to the corresponding warehouse-out cache region by the elevator and enters the annular conveying line, and finally enters the corresponding sorting table along with the annular conveying line to finish sorting. When the system executes a warehousing task, the bin firstly enters a warehousing cache area from the sorting table, and is conveyed to the corresponding warehousing cache area by the annular conveying line; then the elevator conveys the data to a corresponding warehousing cache area; and finally, the material box is conveyed to a specified cargo space by the roadway vehicle.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for evaluating performance of a multi-deck shuttle system, which includes:
step 1: and respectively establishing an open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and an open-loop queuing network model of the loop system.
The system variables of the present embodiment are defined as follows:
Figure BDA0002289601720000061
Figure BDA0002289601720000071
to simplify the model, the present embodiment proposes the following assumptions for the AVS/RS: (1) when the material box returns to the warehouse, a random goods space distribution strategy is followed; (2) stopping points of movable system equipment, namely a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle and a hoist, are finishing points of the last warehouse-in and warehouse-out operation; (3) the order obeys a first-come first-serve principle; (4) order arrival obeys poisson distribution; (5) the service time of the sorting table is constant, and the service time of the mobile system equipment follows general distribution; (6) the capacity of the transmission buffer area is large enough; (7) one bin only stores one commodity, and one commodity is also stored in one bin.
Based on the above assumptions, an open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system is established, as shown in fig. 4. When the system executes the ex-warehouse task, the order arrival rate lambda is input by the system and is also input by a roadway vehicle; the output of the tunnel vehicle is the input of the transfer vehicle; the output of the transfer cart is the input of the lifting; the output of the elevator is the input to the sorting deck. Otherwise, when the system executes the warehousing task, the output of the sorting table is the input of the elevator; the output of the hoister is the input of the transfer car; the output of the transfer car is the input of the tunnel car.
As the order arrival obeys Poisson distribution, the service time of the roadway vehicles, the transfer vehicles and the elevators obeys general distribution, and the service time of the sorting table obeys uniform distribution, the roadway vehicles, the transfer vehicles, the elevators, the sorting table and the corresponding conveying buffer area form an M/G/1 queue.
Based on the above assumptions, an open-loop queuing network model of the loop system is established, as shown in fig. 5. When the system executes the ex-warehouse task, the order arrival rate lambda is input by the system and is also input by a roadway vehicle; the output of the roadway vehicle is the input of the hoister; the output of the elevator is the input of the annular conveying line; the output of the endless conveyor line is the input to the sorting deck. On the contrary, when the system executes the warehousing task, the output of the sorting table is the input of the annular conveying line; the output of the annular conveying line is the input of the hoisting machine; the output of the hoist is the input of the roadway vehicle.
The same as the transfer car system, in the queuing network model of the loop system, the laneway car, the elevator, the annular conveying line, the sorting table and the corresponding conveying buffer area form an M/G/1 queue.
And 2, step: respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and the open-loop queuing network model of the loop line system;
AVS/RS system performance includes throughput and order completion period. Throughput refers to the order throughput of the system per unit time, and the order completion period refers to the time from the beginning of the delivery to the end of picking.
According to the system working process, the system performance is determined by the ex-warehouse process and the in-warehouse process together, and the system in-warehouse process is completely opposite to the ex-warehouse process, so that the system throughput and the order completion period under the ex-warehouse process are only considered in the embodiment. The actual throughput and order completion cycle comparison results for both systems are consistent with the present embodiment.
The system non-decision variables are defined as follows:
Figure BDA0002289601720000081
the system decision variables are defined as follows:
Figure BDA0002289601720000082
Figure BDA0002289601720000091
(a1) throughput of transfer cart system
The throughput of the transfer car system is the minimum value of the throughputs of the four devices of the laneway car, the transfer car, the elevator and the sorting table, namely
τm1＝min(τAS,τCAS,τL,τW) (1)
Wherein
Figure BDA0002289601720000092
Figure BDA0002289601720000093
Figure BDA0002289601720000094
Figure BDA0002289601720000095
The service time of the tunnel vehicle comprises three parts: (1) from the delivery buffer area (Defining a conveying buffer area as the 0 th row) or any row of goods positions, which are collectively called as the j (j is more than or equal to 0 and is less than or equal to c) row, and determining the traveling time of the material taking box from the ith (i is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to c) row of the goods positions
Figure BDA0002289601720000096
(as shown in equation 6); (2) time for conveying bin from ith row to transport buffer zone
Figure BDA0002289601720000097
(as shown in equation 7); (3) time t for taking and placing material boxp1. According to the driving distance and the speed change condition of the tunnel vehicle, the tunnel vehicle can be considered in two conditions, wherein the first condition is that the tunnel vehicle reaches the highest speed within the driving time t, and the second condition is that the tunnel vehicle does not reach the highest speed, as shown in fig. 6(a) and fig. 6(b), respectively, wherein a isASAnd
Figure BDA0002289601720000098
respectively the acceleration and the maximum speed of the roadway vehicle.
The time for the tunnel vehicle to convey the bin from the ith row to the conveying buffer area is
Figure BDA0002289601720000101
N in the formula (7)dAnd n in the formula (6)dThe values are the same.
The time for taking the material box from the ith row by the tunnel vehicle is
Figure BDA0002289601720000102
The average service time of the tunnel vehicle is
Figure BDA0002289601720000103
The service time of the transfer car comprises: (1) conveying and buffering from the stopping point, i.e. the ith (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l) elevator to the jth (j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to a) roadwayTime t for walking of material taking box in areai,j(as shown in equation 10); (2) the bin is conveyed to the kth (k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l) elevator to travel for time tj,k(as shown in equation 11); (3) time t for taking and placing material boxp2。
Figure BDA0002289601720000104
Figure BDA0002289601720000105
In the formulae (10) and (11), aCASAnd
Figure BDA0002289601720000106
acceleration and maximum speed, d, of the carrouseli,jAnd dj,kThe distance from the ith lifting machine to the jth roadway conveying buffer area material taking box and the distance from the jth roadway conveying buffer area to the kth lifting machine material feeding box of the transfer car are respectively.
The time for taking the material box from the jth tunnel warehouse-out cache area by the transfer car is
Figure BDA0002289601720000111
(1≤i≤l，1≤j≤a，1≤k≤l)
The average service time of the transfer car is
Figure BDA0002289601720000112
The service time of the elevator comprises the following steps: (1) the time from the 1 st layer to the ith (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to t) layer of the material taking box
Figure BDA0002289601720000113
(as shown in equation 14); (2) time from i-th layer to 1-th layer feeding box
Figure BDA0002289601720000114
(3) Time t for taking and placing material boxp3。
Figure BDA0002289601720000115
In the formula (14), aLAnd
Figure BDA0002289601720000116
acceleration and maximum speed, n, of the elevator, respectivelylThe number of layers required for the elevator to reach the maximum speed
Figure BDA0002289601720000117
The time for the elevator to take the bin from the ith layer is
Figure BDA0002289601720000118
The average service time of the elevator is
Figure BDA0002289601720000119
(a2) Transfer car system order completion cycle
The order completion period of the transfer car system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the service mechanism (the laneway car, the transfer car, the elevator and the sorting table), namely
Figure BDA0002289601720000121
Since the laneway vehicle, the transfer vehicle, the elevator, the sorting table and the respective transport buffer area form an M/G/1 queuing model, the queue length and the waiting time of the service organization can be obtained by using a polish-xincz (Pollaczek-Khintchine) formula, which are respectively shown in formulas (18) and (19).
Figure BDA0002289601720000122
Figure BDA0002289601720000123
In the formulae (18) and (19), ρ and σ2The utilization rate and the service time variance of service mechanisms (a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle, a hoisting machine, an annular conveying line and a sorting table) are respectively, rho is lambda mu,
Figure BDA0002289601720000124
wherein λ is order arrival rate; mu is the number of orders completed in unit time, and the value of the number of orders is the reciprocal of the average service time; t is the completion time of a single order of each service organization (the corresponding values of the laneway vehicle, the transfer vehicle, the elevator and the sorting table are respectively
Figure BDA0002289601720000125
E (t) mean service time of service organization, PkK is the order number of the arrival system for the probability of each order arrival.
Applying equation (19) to a transfer car system, we can obtain:
the time of the material box waiting for the service of the roadway vehicle is
Figure BDA0002289601720000126
In the formula (20), the reaction mixture is,
Figure BDA0002289601720000127
and
Figure BDA0002289601720000128
the probability, the order arrival rate, the utilization rate and the service time variance of the material taking box of the ith layer j roadway vehicles are respectively determined, and the AS/RS in the embodiment follows the random access principle
Figure BDA0002289601720000129
The time when the material box waits for the transfer vehicle to serve is
Figure BDA00022896017200001210
In the formula (21), the compound represented by the formula,
Figure BDA0002289601720000131
and
Figure BDA0002289601720000132
the probability, the order arrival rate, the utilization rate and the service time variance of the material taking box of the i-th layer transfer car are respectively, and the AS/RS in the embodiment follows the random access principle, so that the probability, the order arrival rate, the utilization rate and the service time variance of the material taking box of the i-th layer transfer car are respectively obtained
Figure BDA0002289601720000133
Figure BDA0002289601720000134
The time when the bin waits for the elevator to service is
Figure BDA0002289601720000135
In the formula (22), the reaction mixture is,
Figure BDA0002289601720000136
and
Figure BDA0002289601720000137
the probability of taking the bin, the order arrival rate, the utilization rate and the service time variance of the kth elevator are respectively, and the AS/RS in the embodiment follows the random access principle
Figure BDA0002289601720000138
The time when the bin waits for the picking table to serve is
Figure BDA0002289601720000139
In the formula (23), the compound represented by the formula,
Figure BDA00022896017200001310
and
Figure BDA00022896017200001311
the probability, order arrival rate and utilization rate of picking operation for the mth picking station, respectively, are determined by the AS/RS in this embodiment, which follows the principle of random access
Figure BDA00022896017200001312
Figure BDA00022896017200001313
(b1) Loop system throughput
The throughput of the loop system is the minimum value of the throughput of the roadway vehicles, the hoists, the annular conveying lines and the sorting platforms, i.e. the throughput of the loop system is the minimum value
τm2＝min(τAS,τL,τR,τW) (24)
In the formula (24), τAS、τL、τWThe solving is the same as the transferring vehicle system.
The throughput of the annular conveying line is
Figure BDA0002289601720000141
(b2) Order completion cycle of loop system
The order completion period of the loop system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table, namely
Figure BDA0002289601720000142
In the formula, due to
Figure BDA0002289601720000143
Is solved for
Same as the transfer car system, therefore only solution is needed
Figure BDA0002289601720000144
And
Figure BDA0002289601720000145
and (4) finishing.
The traveling time of the bin from the ith (i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to l) elevator to the jth (j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to w) sorting table is
Figure BDA0002289601720000146
In the formula (27), li,jThe distance from the ith delivery elevator port to the jth picking platform port on the annular conveying line.
The service time of the endless conveyor line to a single magazine is
Figure BDA0002289601720000147
The average time that the bin waits for the service of the endless conveyor line is
Figure BDA0002289601720000148
In formula (29), λRAnd ρROrder arrival rate and utilization, i.e. lambda, of the endless conveyor line, respectivelyR＝λ，
Figure BDA0002289601720000149
And respectively simulating the two systems for verifying the correctness of the transshipment vehicle system and the loop system model. And randomly extracting 6-day order data in 2018 of a certain e-commerce enterprise, fitting the order arrival time into Poisson distribution, and simulating through Flexsim software. Suppose that the transfer car system and the loop system have 6 roadways, 80 rows, 10 layers, 6 in/out warehouse elevators and 6 sorting tables, and other system parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 System parameters
Figure BDA0002289601720000151
And establishing a system simulation model of the transshipment vehicle according to the system parameters, and comparing and analyzing the solution result of the queuing network model of the system with the simulation result, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of queuing network model and simulation result of transfer vehicle system
Figure BDA0002289601720000152
In 6 experiments, the maximum throughput of the queuing network model was 2068 boxes/hour, so when the order arrival rate was not greater than 2068 boxes/hour, the system goodput was equal to the order arrival rate, and vice versa. In the first 5 sets of experiments, the actual throughput in the queuing network model and the simulation results is the same; in the 6 th group of experiments, the order arrival rate reaches the maximum throughput of the system, and the difference between the throughput of the order arrival rate and the throughput of the order arrival rate is only 5.3%, so that the throughput of the queuing network model and the throughput of the simulation result are basically consistent. Meanwhile, the difference of the order completion periods of the two is 5.0% -6.1%, and the variance is 5.60, so that the order completion periods of the two are consistent.
In conclusion, the system queuing network model has no significant difference from the simulation result.
And step 3: and under the condition that the number of layers and the number of roadways are fixed, evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model.
And establishing a loop system simulation model according to the system parameters, and comparing and analyzing the solution result of the queuing network model of the system and the simulation result, as shown in table 3.
In 6 sets of experiments, the maximum throughput of the queuing network model is 1800 boxes/hour, so when the order arrival rate is not more than 1800 boxes/hour, the system actual throughput is equal to the order arrival rate, and vice versa. In the first 5 groups of experiments, the actual throughput of the queuing network model is the same as that of the simulation result; in the 6 th experiment, the order arrival rate reaches the maximum throughput of the system, and the difference between the throughput of the order arrival rate and the throughput of the order arrival rate is only 6.7%, so that the throughput of the queuing network model and the throughput of the simulation result are basically consistent. Meanwhile, the difference of the order completion periods of the two is 4.2% -6.6%, and the variance is 4.96, so that the order completion periods of the two are consistent.
TABLE 3 comparison of queuing network model and simulation results for loop system
Figure BDA0002289601720000161
Figure BDA0002289601720000171
In conclusion, the system queuing network model has no significant difference from the simulation result.
And analyzing the throughput and the order completion period of the transfer car system and the loop system, and comparing the two systems.
Analysis of throughput comparison:
let τ be*＝min(τAS,τL,τW) Then the two system throughput can be expressed as τm1＝min(τ*,τCAS) And τm2＝min(τ*,τR). When tau isCAS<τRThen, τ ism1≤τm2If true; otherwise when tau isCAS>τRThen, τ ism1≥τm2EstablishedTherefore, the problem of the throughput comparison of the two systems can be converted into the problem of the throughput comparison of the transfer car and the annular conveying line. From τCASAnd τRThe mathematical solution model of (1) shows that tau is constant in the width of the roadwayCASThe number of the shelf layers and the number of the lanes are related; and τROnly with respect to the speed of the endless conveyor line.
In the loop system, when the linear speed of the loop conveyor is a fixed value of 0.5 m/s, the throughput of the loop conveyor line is 1800 boxes/hour. In the transfer car system, the number of shelf layers is increased from 3 to 20, the number of lanes is increased from 2 to 10, and the number of lanes is increased from tauCASThe mathematical model shows thatCAS162 results were obtained. 162 kinds of tauCASAnd τRAs shown in FIG. 7, wherein the circle represents τCAS<τRI.e. taum1≤τm2(ii) a Asterisk denotes tauCAS>τRI.e. taum1≥τm2。
As can be seen from fig. 7:
(1) when the number of lanes is fixed and the number of layers is changed from 3 to 20, tauCASThe trend is ascending; the smaller the number of lanes, τCASThe more pronounced the increasing trend with the number of layers. When the number of layers is fixed and the number of lanes is changed from 2 to 10, tauCASThe trend is downward; the greater the number of layers, τCASThe more obvious the descending trend along with the increase of the number of the lanes.
(2) Number of layers [3,5 ]]Time, τCASBetween (465, 1547), τm1Is less than or equal to taum2The loop system is more excellent; when the number of layers is increased from 6 to 11, taum1≤τm2The occupied proportion is gradually reduced; when the number of layers is [12,20 ]]Time, τCASBetween (1863, 6189), τm1Greater than τm2And the transfer car system is more excellent. Therefore, the lower the number of layers, the greater the loop system advantage; the higher the number of layers is, the greater the advantage of the transfer car system is.
(3) When the number of lanes is changed from 2 to 10, tau increases with the number of lanesm1≤τm2The occupied proportion is gradually increased, and the loop system has more and more advantages. Therefore, when the number of the roadways is less, the transfer car system is more optimal; when the number of the roadways is more, the loop system is more excellent.
The difference value of the order completion periods of the transshipment vehicle system and the loop system is
Figure BDA0002289601720000181
Therefore, the problem of comparison of the order completion periods of the two systems can be converted into the problem of comparison of the operation time (sum of service time and waiting time) of the transfer car and the annular conveying line. Known from a mathematical solution model of the operation time of the transfer car and the annular conveying line, tm1And tm2The difference value of (a) is related to the order arrival rate, the number of shelf layers and the number of lanes.
When the order arrival rate is increased from 0 to 2000 (the change interval is 500) orders/time, the number of the lanes is increased from 2 to 10, and the number of the layers is increased from 3 to 20, t is calculatedm1-tm2. If tm1-tm2<0, indicated by an asterisk in FIG. 8; otherwise, 960 pieces of data were obtained by experiment as indicated by circles, and the results of the experiment are shown in FIGS. 8(a) to 8 (d).
As can be seen from the analysis of fig. 8(a) to 8 (d):
(1)tm1>tm2the proportions of the data in the four figures 8(a) to 8(d) are: 40%, 40.74%, 0% and 4.17%. Wherein the proportions of 8(a) and 8(b) are similar, and the proportions of 8(c) and 8(d) are similar.
(2) Comparing 8(a) with 8(c) shows that: under the condition that the number of the roadways and the arrival rate of the orders are fixed, the more the number of the layers is, the shorter the order completion period of the transfer car system is. The same conclusion can be drawn by comparing 8(b) with 8 (d).
(3) Comparing 8(a) and 8(b) shows that: under the condition of a certain number of layers and roadways, the order arrival rate is larger, and the order completion period of the loop system is shorter.
(4) Comparing 8(a) and 8(b), 8(c) and 8(d) respectively, it can be seen that: under the condition that the number of layers and the arrival rate of orders are fixed, the influence of the number of the roadways on the operation time of the two systems is not obvious, because the number of the roadways has influence on the operation time of the rotary car and the operation time of the annular conveying line, and the influence degree difference is small.
According to the method, the open-loop queuing network models of the two systems are firstly established, then the system throughput and the order completion period are solved, and the optimal multilayer shuttle system is evaluated according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition that the number of layers and the number of lanes are fixed, so that the initial decision cost of an enterprise decision layer is reduced, the investment cost of manpower and material resources is reduced, and the accuracy of evaluation of the multilayer shuttle system is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides a multi-deck shuttle system performance evaluation device, which includes:
(1) the open-loop queuing network model establishing module is used for respectively establishing an open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and an open-loop queuing network model of the loop system;
specifically, in the open-loop queuing network model establishing module, the vehicle transfer system open-loop queuing network model and the loop system open-loop queuing network model are both established under the following assumed conditions:
when the material box returns to the warehouse, a random goods space allocation strategy is followed;
stopping points of movable system equipment, namely a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle and a hoist, are finishing points of the last warehouse-in and warehouse-out operation;
the order obeys a first-come first-serve principle;
order arrival obeys poisson distribution;
the service time of the sorting table is constant, and the service time of the mobile system equipment follows general distribution;
the capacity of the transmission buffer area is large enough;
one bin only stores one commodity, and one commodity is also stored in one bin.
(2) The performance parameter calculation module is used for respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the transfer car system open-loop queuing network model and the loop line system open-loop queuing network model;
in the performance parameter calculation module, the throughput of the transfer car system is the minimum value of the throughputs of the four devices, namely the roadway car, the transfer car, the elevator and the sorting table;
the order completion period of the transfer car system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the service mechanism; the service mechanism comprises a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle, a lifter and a sorting table; the captain and latency of the service organization are derived using the borasek-xinczen formula.
In the performance parameter calculation module, the throughput of the loop system is the minimum value of the throughput of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table;
the order completion period of the loop system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table.
(3) And the optimal multilayer shuttle system evaluation module is used for evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition of certain layer number and roadway number.
According to the method, the open-loop queuing network models of the two systems are firstly established, then the system throughput and the order completion period are solved, and the optimal multilayer shuttle system is evaluated according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition that the number of layers and the number of lanes are fixed, so that the initial decision cost of an enterprise decision layer is reduced, the investment cost of manpower and material resources is reduced, and the accuracy of evaluation of the multilayer shuttle system is improved.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation method shown in fig. 1.
According to the method, the open-loop queuing network models of the two systems are firstly established, then the system throughput and the order completion period are solved, and the optimal multilayer shuttle system is evaluated according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition that the number of layers and the number of lanes are fixed, so that the initial decision cost of an enterprise decision layer is reduced, the investment cost of manpower and material resources is reduced, and the accuracy of evaluation of the multilayer shuttle system is improved.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a computer device which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the steps in the performance evaluation method of the multi-layer shuttle system shown in fig. 1.
According to the method, the open-loop queuing network models of the two systems are firstly established, then the system throughput and the order completion period are solved, and the optimal multilayer shuttle system is evaluated according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition that the number of layers and the number of lanes are fixed, so that the initial decision cost of an enterprise decision layer is reduced, the investment cost of manpower and material resources is reduced, and the accuracy of evaluation of the multilayer shuttle system is improved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively establishing an open-loop queuing network model of a transfer car system and an open-loop queuing network model of a loop system; the open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and the open-loop queuing network model of the loop system are both constructed under the following assumed conditions:
(1) when the material box returns to the warehouse, a random goods space distribution strategy is followed;
(2) stopping points of movable system equipment, namely a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle and a hoist, are finishing points of the last warehouse-in and warehouse-out operation;
(3) the order obeys a first-come first-serve principle;
(4) the order arrival obeys poisson distribution;
(5) the service time of the sorting table is constant, and the service time of the mobile system equipment follows general distribution;
(6) the capacity of the transmission buffer area is large enough;
(7) one bin is used for storing only one commodity, and one commodity is also stored in one bin;
respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and the open-loop queuing network model of the loop line system; the throughput of the transfer car system is the minimum value of the throughputs of the four devices, namely the laneway car, the transfer car, the elevator and the sorting table;
the order completion period of the transfer car system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the service mechanism; the service mechanism comprises a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle, a lifter and a sorting table; obtaining the captain and the waiting time of the service organization by utilizing a Pollacker-Sinkian formula;
the throughput of the loop system is the minimum value of the throughputs of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table;
the order completion period of the loop system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table;
and under the condition that the number of layers and the number of roadways are fixed, evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model.
2. A multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation device is characterized by comprising:
the open-loop queuing network model establishing module is used for respectively establishing an open-loop queuing network model of the transfer car system and an open-loop queuing network model of the loop system; the switched vehicle system open-loop queuing network model and the loop line system open-loop queuing network model are both constructed under the following assumed conditions:
(1) when the material box returns to the warehouse, a random goods space allocation strategy is followed;
(2) stopping points of movable system equipment, namely a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle and a hoist, are finishing points of the last warehouse-in and warehouse-out operation;
(3) the order obeys a first come first serve principle;
(4) order arrival obeys poisson distribution;
(5) the service time of the sorting table is constant, and the service time of the mobile system equipment follows general distribution;
(6) the capacity of the transmission buffer area is large enough;
(7) one bin is used for storing only one commodity, and one commodity is also stored in one bin;
the performance parameter calculation module is used for respectively calculating the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model based on the switched vehicle system open-loop queuing network model and the loop line system open-loop queuing network model; the throughput of the transfer car system is the minimum value of the throughputs of the four devices, namely the laneway car, the transfer car, the elevator and the sorting table;
the order completion period of the transfer car system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the service mechanism; the service mechanism comprises a roadway vehicle, a transfer vehicle, a lifter and a sorting table; obtaining the captain and the waiting time of the service organization by utilizing a Pollacker-Sinkian formula;
the throughput of the loop system is the minimum value of the throughputs of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table;
the order completion period of the loop system is the sum of the service time and the waiting time of the roadway vehicle, the elevator, the annular conveying line and the sorting table;
and the optimal multilayer shuttle system evaluation module is used for evaluating the optimal multilayer shuttle system according to the throughput and the order completion period corresponding to the corresponding open-loop queuing network model under the condition of certain layer number and roadway number.
3. A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, the program, when executed by a processor, implementing the steps in the multi-layer shuttle system performance evaluation method according to claim 1.
4. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method for evaluating the performance of a multi-layer shuttle system according to claim 1 when executing the program.
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