CN111157859A - Small current electricity taking composite sensor - Google Patents
Small current electricity taking composite sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157859A CN111157859A CN202010036526.0A CN202010036526A CN111157859A CN 111157859 A CN111157859 A CN 111157859A CN 202010036526 A CN202010036526 A CN 202010036526A CN 111157859 A CN111157859 A CN 111157859A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/22—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using conversion of ac into dc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small current electricity-taking composite sensor, which comprises a shell, and a high-frequency mutual inductance module, a circulation mutual inductance module, a small current electricity-taking module and an edge operation module which are arranged in the shell, wherein the high-frequency mutual inductance module, the circulation mutual inductance module, the small current electricity-taking module and the edge operation module are arranged in the shell; the high-frequency mutual inductance module is connected with the circulation mutual inductance module and used for detecting partial discharge current; the circulation mutual inductance module is used for detecting circulation current; the small current electricity taking module is connected with the edge operation module and used for obtaining electric energy from the bus to supply power to the edge operation module; and the edge operation module is connected with the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module and is used for performing edge operation on output signals of the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module to obtain a high-frequency partial discharge signal and a power frequency circulation signal. The invention has the advantages of capability of simultaneously detecting power frequency circulating current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals and self power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a small-current electricity-taking composite sensor.
Background
The current transformer converts a large current on a primary side into a small current on a secondary side according to the electromagnetic induction principle to measure, and consists of a closed iron core and a winding. The current in the lines of power generation, transformation, transmission, distribution and power utilization is greatly different from several amperes to several tens of thousands of amperes, so that the current needs to be converted into more uniform current for convenient measurement, protection and control, in addition, the voltage on the lines is generally higher, and if direct measurement is dangerous, the current transformer plays the roles of current transformation and electrical isolation.
At present, an urban power grid taking an underground power cable as a backbone becomes larger, economic loss and social influence caused by power cable faults are more serious, and local discharge and power frequency circulating signals in the power cable are important signs of the cable faults. Therefore, how to reflect most faults of the power cable in advance is a key monitoring object of the power department.
In various power engineering projects, in order to obtain cable circulation data or partial discharge data, a single circulation sensor or a high-frequency sensor is mostly adopted, and once the engineering quantity is large, waste of resources, space and manpower is inevitably generated; meanwhile, the sensor cannot normally operate due to the fact that the electric quantity of the battery is exhausted in long-time rainy days, various high-power devices are often brought into the terminal, power supply load is increased, and therefore reliable power supply is guaranteed to the sensor when the sensor is required to stably operate for a long time in a state without regular operation and maintenance.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the defects that the functions of a circulating current sensor and a high-frequency sensor cannot be combined and reliable power supply cannot be ensured in the prior art, and provides the small-current power-taking composite sensor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a small current electricity-taking composite sensor comprises:
the device comprises a shell, and a high-frequency mutual inductance module, a circulation mutual inductance module, a small current power taking module and an edge operation module which are arranged in the shell;
the high-frequency mutual inductance module is connected with the circulation mutual inductance module and used for detecting partial discharge current;
the circulation mutual inductance module is used for detecting circulation current;
the small current electricity taking module is connected with the edge operation module and used for obtaining electric energy from the bus to supply power to the edge operation module;
and the edge operation module is connected with the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module and is used for performing edge operation on output signals of the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module to obtain a high-frequency partial discharge signal and a power frequency circulation signal.
Optionally, the small-current power taking module comprises a first-stage power taking transformer, a second-stage power converging transformer and a back-end circuit;
the primary energy-taking mutual inductor is formed by connecting a plurality of current mutual inductors in parallel, adopts a single-turn closed loop to be connected with the secondary energy-collecting mutual inductor and is used for obtaining electric energy from a bus;
the second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor is a single current mutual inductor, is connected with the back-end circuit and is used for collecting the electric energy obtained by the first-stage energy-taking mutual inductor;
and the back end circuit is used for carrying out voltage stabilization and rectification treatment on the electric energy collected by the second-level energy-collecting mutual inductor and storing the electric energy.
Optionally, the back-end circuit includes: the charging circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit, a rectifying circuit, a protection circuit, a charging circuit and a storage circuit;
the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for stabilizing the voltage in the circuit; the rectifying circuit is used for converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy; the protection circuit is used for protecting the circuit from being damaged by transient peak current; a charging circuit for adjusting a charging voltage and a charging current; and the storage circuit is used for storing the electric energy collected by the second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor.
Optionally, the number of turns of the primary winding and the number of turns of the secondary winding of the plurality of current transformers constituting the primary energy-taking transformer are both 1 turn.
Optionally, the magnetic core of the current transformer is composed of a nanocrystalline magnetically permeable material.
Optionally, the magnetic core of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is made of an iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline material.
Optionally, the number of turns of the coil winding of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is 5, and the integral resistance is 300 Ω.
Optionally, the signal frequency band range of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is 10Khz-100Mhz, and the precision is higher than 0.002.
Optionally, a circumferential gap is formed in the center of the shell in the height direction, and the width of the circumferential gap is 2 mm.
Optionally, the small current electricity taking composite sensor further includes:
and the network communication module is connected with the edge calculation module and is used for transmitting the high-frequency partial discharge signal and the power frequency circulating current signal obtained by the edge calculation module to the outside.
The invention adopts the technical scheme, and has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module are combined, and the small-current electricity taking module is introduced, so that the detection of a high-frequency partial discharge signal and a power-frequency circulation signal can be simultaneously completed, meanwhile, the output power is improved in a two-stage electricity taking and energy collecting mode through the small-current electricity taking module, the battery is powered by the charging circuit in the rear-end circuit, the sensor is powered by electric energy stored in the battery, the self-power supply of the sensor is realized, and the phenomenon that the sensor cannot normally operate due to the increase of power supply load is avoided.
2. According to the invention, through the edge calculation module, the process of information transmission obtained by the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulating current mutual inductance module is reduced, and the processing speed of high-frequency partial discharge signals and power frequency circulating current signals is increased.
3. According to the invention, the iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic conduction material is used as the magnetic core of the high-frequency mutual inductance module, and compared with the ferrite magnetic core, the saturation magnetic induction intensity of the iron-based nanocrystalline magnetic conduction material is greatly improved, so that the measurement range of the invention is improved.
4. According to the invention, the gap of 2mm is arranged at the center of the shell in the height direction, so that a loop is prevented from appearing on the cross section vertical to the magnetic field direction, and the eddy current is prevented from preventing the magnetic field from entering the magnetic core.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-current electricity-taking composite sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as being limited thereto.
Example 1: a small current electricity-taking composite sensor, as shown in FIG. 1, comprises:
the device comprises a shell, and a high-frequency mutual inductance module, a circulation mutual inductance module, a small current power taking module and an edge operation module which are arranged in the shell;
the high-frequency mutual inductance module is connected with the circulation mutual inductance module and used for detecting partial discharge current;
the circulation mutual inductance module is used for detecting circulation current;
the small current electricity taking module is connected with the edge operation module and used for obtaining electric energy from the bus to supply power to the edge operation module;
the edge operation module is connected with the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulating current mutual inductance module and is used for performing edge operation on output signals of the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulating current mutual inductance module to obtain high-frequency partial discharge signals and power frequency circulating current signals, particularly, the edge operation module comprises an operational amplifier, a signal conditioning circuit, an analog signal filter, a high-speed ADC chip and an ARM chip, the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulating current mutual inductance module are used for amplifying the obtained high-frequency partial discharge signals and the power frequency circulating current signals through the operational amplifier, the signal is conditioned by a signal conditioning circuit, and is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by a high-speed ADC chip after passing through an analog signal filter, then the ADC transmits the data to the ARM chip through the high-speed serial interface, the ARM performs data analysis, processing and calculation and sends the data outwards, and the ARM chip has a deep sleep function and achieves the purpose of further saving electricity.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the high-frequency mutual inductance module is combined with the circulating current mutual inductance module, and the small-current electricity taking module is introduced, so that the detection of a high-frequency partial discharge signal and a power-frequency circulating current signal can be simultaneously completed, meanwhile, the output power is improved in a secondary electricity taking and energy collecting mode through the small-current electricity taking module, a charging circuit in the rear-end circuit supplies power to the battery, the electric energy stored in the battery supplies power to the sensor, the self-power supply of the sensor is realized, and the situation that the sensor cannot normally operate due to the increase of power supply load is avoided; the size of the magnetic core of the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulating mutual inductance module and the existing high-frequency sensor and power frequency sensor, the distance between the coil and the shell and other parameters are unchanged; according to the invention, the magnetic core of the sensor is provided with the air gap, so that the magnetic core is prevented from being closed, the equivalent relative permeability of the magnetic core is reduced, the saturation of the magnetic core of the sensor is avoided, and further, the power frequency circulating current signal is prevented from interfering the high-frequency partial discharge signal. Table 1 shows the results of the mutual interference test in this example.
TABLE 1 composite sensor disturbed test output results
As can be seen from table 1, the ring current transformer module of the present embodiment does not interfere with the high frequency transformer module.
The small current power taking module comprises a first-stage power taking mutual inductor, a second-stage power converging mutual inductor and a back-end circuit;
the primary energy-taking mutual inductor is formed by connecting a plurality of current mutual inductors in parallel, the primary energy-taking mutual inductor is connected with the secondary energy-collecting mutual inductor by adopting a single-turn closed loop and is used for obtaining electric energy from a bus, and the number of turns of primary windings and the number of turns of secondary windings of the plurality of current mutual inductors forming the primary energy-taking mutual inductor are both 1 turn;
the second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor is a single current mutual inductor, is connected with the back-end circuit and is used for collecting the electric energy obtained by the first-stage energy-taking mutual inductor, and a magnetic core of the current mutual inductor is made of nanocrystalline magnetic-conducting materials;
the back-end circuit includes: the charging circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit, a rectifying circuit, a protection circuit, a charging circuit and a storage circuit;
the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for stabilizing the voltage in the circuit; the rectifying circuit is used for converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy; the protection circuit is used for protecting the circuit from being damaged by transient peak current; a charging circuit for adjusting a charging voltage and a charging current; and the storage circuit is used for storing the electric energy collected by the second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor.
Specifically, in the embodiment, a two-stage topology structure is applied to a current transformer group, when a current passes through a wire, an alternating magnetic field is generated, induced electromotive forces are generated in primary and secondary windings of the current transformer, and after voltage stabilization and filtering, a power supply can be used as a terminal; in the operation of the traditional energy-taking power supply system, a single-stage iron core structure is mainly used, the requirement for taking electricity is difficult to meet, a two-stage design method is adopted in the embodiment, a plurality of current transformers with the same type form a first-stage energy-taking mutual inductor, and 1 current transformer is used as a second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor, so that the aims of taking electricity and collecting electric energy in an induction mode are achieved.
To ensure that a single energy-sourcing current transformer achieves maximum output current, 1 turn is selected over both the primary and secondary winding turns. The energy-collecting current transformer does not need more windings, but the more windings, the better, because the larger output current waveform distortion may be generated due to the larger saturation degree, the number of turns of the secondary winding needs to be controlled according to the actual situation.
The power supply of the general current transformer can only work in the normal current range of the high-voltage transmission conductor, the output power of the power supply is small, namely about 1W, and the small current is less than 5A (the minimum starting current of the current-taking CT in the market is basically 10-15A), the induced current is smaller, so that an effective stable power supply is difficult to provide for a power supply terminal, therefore, in order to reduce the internal energy consumption of the current transformer and reduce the starting current of the current transformer, the nanocrystalline magnetically permeable material is selected as the magnetic core of the current transformer, the nanocrystalline magnetically permeable material has high magnetic permeability, high saturation magnetic induction intensity, low coercive force, low energy loss, low exciting current and good stability, the magnetic field intensity and the electric field intensity are relatively low in combination with the specific use environment of the embodiment, and the nanocrystalline magnetically permeable grooved pulley is selected to reduce the starting current of the current transformer.
The magnetic core of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is made of iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline materials, the number of turns of a coil winding of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is 5, the integral resistance is 300 omega, the signal frequency band range of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is 10Khz-100Mhz, and the precision is higher than 0.002.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline material is selected as the magnetic core material of the high-frequency mutual inductance module, and the saturation magnetic induction intensity of the iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline is about 1.2T, which is greatly improved compared with that of a ferrite magnetic core; when the power frequency current on the grounding wire is 10A, the maximum power frequency magnetic induction intensity generated on the iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline magnetic core is 0.135T and is far less than 1.2T, and the maximum power frequency magnetic induction intensity is far less than the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic core, so that the sensitivity of the embodiment is greatly improved; the larger the number of turns of the coil is, the lower frequency band limit of the coil is, and the lower the sensitivity of the sensor is, in this embodiment, the number of turns of the coil winding of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is preferably 5, which preferably satisfies that the sensitivity of the sensor is not affected while the lower frequency band limit of the sensor is reduced, and the size of the integral resistor affects the sensitivity of the sensor, and for the high-frequency mutual inductance module, a sufficiently large integral resistor is required, and in this embodiment, the integral resistor of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is preferably 300 Ω, so that the integral resistor is prevented from being burned when the measured current is.
A circumferential gap is arranged in the center of the shell in the height direction, and the width of the circumferential gap is 2 mm.
Specifically, the present embodiment shields the electric field by wrapping the coil with a thin layer of metal material, and for magnetic field shielding, the shielding case must have a certain thickness, requiring more than 3 skin depths. For pure copper, the conductivity was 5.8X 107S/m, the relative permeability was 1, the penetration depth at 50Hz was 9.45mm, the penetration at 500Khz was 0.094mm, the relative permeability of iron was 1000, the conductivity was 107S/m, the penetration depth at 50Hz was 0.712mm, and the penetration at 500Khz was 0.00712 mm. The electromagnetic field decays 2.71828 times per penetration depth. In addition to the thickness, a very important point of the shielding shell is that no loops can exist in the cross-section perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, otherwise eddy currents will form, preventing the magnetic field from entering the magnetic core. Therefore, the inner side of the shell is provided with a gap, and the width of the gap needs to be calculated according to actual conditions, in the embodiment, the center of the shell in the height direction is provided with a circumferential gap, and the width of the circumferential gap is preferably 2 mm.
The embodiment further comprises a network communication module connected with the edge calculation module and used for transmitting the high-frequency partial discharge signal and the power frequency circulating current signal obtained by the edge calculation module to the outside.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the network communication module is low-power Wifi module, and the ARM chip carries out periodic transmission to data through low-power Wifi module to judge the data of gathering, will not send continuous cycle unchanged data, and unexpected unusual data or the data of partial discharge will activate immediately and send data, reduce the equipment consumption once more through reducing the communication frequency.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
It should be noted that:
while preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may differ in the shape of the components, the names of the components, and the like. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, the characteristics and the principle of the invention which are described in the patent conception of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A small current electricity-taking composite sensor is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a shell, and a high-frequency mutual inductance module, a circulation mutual inductance module, a small current power taking module and an edge operation module which are arranged in the shell;
the high-frequency mutual inductance module is connected with the circulation mutual inductance module and used for detecting partial discharge current;
the circulation mutual inductance module is used for detecting circulation current;
the small current electricity taking module is connected with the edge operation module and used for obtaining electric energy from the bus to supply power to the edge operation module;
and the edge operation module is connected with the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module and is used for performing edge operation on output signals of the high-frequency mutual inductance module and the circulation mutual inductance module to obtain a high-frequency partial discharge signal and a power frequency circulation signal.
2. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 1,
the small current power taking module comprises a first-stage power taking mutual inductor, a second-stage power converging mutual inductor and a back-end circuit;
the primary energy-taking mutual inductor is formed by connecting a plurality of current mutual inductors in parallel, adopts a single-turn closed loop to be connected with the secondary energy-collecting mutual inductor and is used for obtaining electric energy from a bus;
the second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor is a single current mutual inductor, is connected with the back-end circuit and is used for collecting the electric energy obtained by the first-stage energy-taking mutual inductor;
and the back end circuit is used for carrying out voltage stabilization and rectification treatment on the electric energy collected by the second-level energy-collecting mutual inductor and storing the electric energy.
3. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 2,
the back-end circuit includes: the charging circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit, a rectifying circuit, a protection circuit, a charging circuit and a storage circuit;
the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for stabilizing the voltage in the circuit; the rectifying circuit is used for converting alternating current electric energy into direct current electric energy; the protection circuit is used for protecting the circuit from being damaged by transient peak current; a charging circuit for adjusting a charging voltage and a charging current; and the storage circuit is used for storing the electric energy collected by the second-stage energy-collecting mutual inductor.
4. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 2,
the number of turns of primary windings and the number of turns of secondary windings of a plurality of current transformers forming the primary energy-taking transformer are both 1 turn.
5. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 2 or 4,
the magnetic core of the current transformer is made of nanocrystalline magnetic conductive materials.
6. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 1,
the magnetic core of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is made of an iron-based amorphous nanocrystalline material.
7. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 1 or 6,
the number of turns of a coil winding of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is 5, and the integral resistance is 300 omega.
8. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 7,
the signal frequency band range of the high-frequency mutual inductance module is 10Khz-100Mhz, and the precision is higher than 0.002.
9. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 1,
the center of shell direction of height is equipped with a circumference gap, the width in circumference gap is 2 mm.
10. The small current electricity taking composite sensor according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the network communication module is connected with the edge calculation module and is used for transmitting the high-frequency partial discharge signal and the power frequency circulating current signal obtained by the edge calculation module to the outside.
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| CN202093120U (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-12-28 | 保定天威集团有限公司 | Compound sensor for core grounding current and partial discharge signals of transformer |
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Application publication date: 20200515 |