CN111157246B - Diesel engine test bed - Google Patents

Diesel engine test bed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111157246B
CN111157246B CN201911307031.0A CN201911307031A CN111157246B CN 111157246 B CN111157246 B CN 111157246B CN 201911307031 A CN201911307031 A CN 201911307031A CN 111157246 B CN111157246 B CN 111157246B
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diesel engine
hole
nut
thread
engine test
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CN111157246A (en
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梁忠臣
笪月君
孙安龙
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02Details or accessories of testing apparatus
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04Testing internal-combustion engines

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)

Abstract

A diesel engine test bench comprises a base, wherein a load device and a transverse sizing block are fixedly connected to the base; each transverse sizing block fixes two adjusting supports which correspond to the mounting feet of the diesel engine one by one; the adjusting support comprises a support frame and an adjusting device; be equipped with adjusting device in the seat frame, adjusting device from the top down sets up in order: the nut comprises a threaded sleeve, a fixed nut, a nut seat and a positioning pin; the inner wall of the screw sleeve is provided with a right-handed internal thread, the outer wall of the pipe is divided into two sections, the upper section is hexagonal and can extend out of the through hole of the supporting seat frame, and the lower section is circular and is provided with a left-handed external thread; the fixing nut is provided with a left-hand internal thread which forms a thread pair with the left-hand external thread of the thread sleeve; the fixed nut is fixedly connected to the nut seat; the nut seat is positioned by a positioning pin and is fixedly connected with the supporting seat frame. The invention utilizes the adjusting and supporting functions of the adjusting support to meet the test installation requirements of the diesel engine and simultaneously can effectively prevent the installation screw from loosening.

Description

Diesel engine test bed
Technical Field
The invention relates to a diesel engine test bench, in particular to a test bench of a lifeboat diesel engine, belonging to the technical field of diesel engine production processes.
Background
The marine diesel engine needs running-in, debugging and other trial runs before leaving a factory. Therefore, the diesel engine needs to be mounted on a test bench, and the test bench is usually provided with a base with a longitudinal T-shaped groove, two transverse sizing blocks and a load device are respectively fixed on the base through T-shaped bolts; the transverse sizing block is provided with a support frame, before a diesel engine test, the diesel engine and the load device are elastically connected through an elastic coupling, and then the diesel engine mounting foot and the support frame are fixedly connected through a screw. As is well known, a diesel engine has four independent rigid mounting legs, and is rigidly connected with the diesel engine, theoretically, in the height direction, the height from the bottom plane of each mounting leg to the central line of a crankshaft of the diesel engine is generally consistent, that is, the bottom planes of the four mounting legs are theoretically on the same plane, actually, due to manufacturing errors, positioning errors and assembly errors, the bottom planes of the four mounting legs are not a plane but have slight errors, although the connection precision of the diesel engine and a load device is not affected, the diesel engine mounting legs and a support frame are fixedly connected by screws, generally, three situations occur, and the first and the fourth mounting legs cannot be simultaneously and effectively supported on the corresponding support frame; secondly, the mounting feet at the mounting screw pressing points are emptied from the supporting frame; thirdly, the mounting screw is easy to loosen.
In the first case, four mounting feet cannot be simultaneously effectively supported on the corresponding support frames; the bottom surface three point support of installation foot is on the pedestal frame, that is to say, only three (or two) simultaneous support of diesel engine installation foot are on the pedestal frame that corresponds, thereby, lead to the diesel engine focus unstable, when the diesel engine is tried a trial, can produce vibration and noise, can lead to the installation foot fracture when serious, can both effectively support simultaneously in order to guarantee four installation feet of diesel engine, generally add the stopper gasket under unsettled installation foot, because the unsettled height of the installation foot of each diesel engine all inequality, the gasket thickness specification that adds is limited, therefore, this method is difficult to eliminate the clearance between installation foot and the pedestal frame completely, thereby can not overcome the vibration and the noise that the diesel engine produced because of the installation reason effectively.
In the second case, the mounting foot at the mounting screw pressing point is emptied from the supporting seat frame; since the bottom surface of the mounting foot is in contact with the pedestal frame, usually in point (or line) contact, it is difficult to achieve surface contact, i.e. a point (or line) on the edge of the bottom surface of the mounting foot rests on the upper plane of the pedestal frame. Therefore, the pressing point of the screw is not coincident with the supporting point, so that the mounting foot generates additional torque under the action of the pressing force of the screw, and the service life is influenced.
In the third case, the mounting screws are easily loosened. The mounting foot utilizes the screw to install on the saddle, because the diesel engine during operation vibration is great, the screw is easy not hard up, adopts the elasticity gasket locking usually, but the effect is not ideal enough, especially when the diesel engine carries out endurance test, needs often to check whether the screw is not hard up to avoid the emergence accident.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that all the mounting feet of the existing diesel engine are directly connected to the support frame of the test bench through bolts, and the invention discloses a diesel engine test bench, which enables four mounting feet to be simultaneously and effectively supported on a support when the diesel engine is tested on the bench; through structural design, the pressing point of the mounting screw pressing mounting foot coincides with the supporting point of the supporting seat frame, and the mounting screw is guaranteed not to be loosened in a vibration environment, so that the requirement of diesel engine test run on the bench is met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A diesel engine test bench comprises a base with a T-shaped groove, wherein a load device and a transverse sizing block are fixedly connected to the base through a T-shaped groove bolt; the method is characterized in that: the two transverse sizing blocks are I-shaped and have the same size, the upper plane of the transverse sizing blocks in the length direction is provided with a T-shaped groove, each transverse sizing block is respectively fixed with two adjusting supports by utilizing T-shaped groove bolts, and the position of each adjusting support corresponds to the mounting foot of the diesel engine one by one; the adjusting support comprises a support frame and an adjusting device; the supporting seat frames are square and transparent in front and back, each supporting seat frame is equal in height, a through hole is formed in the middle of the upper bottom, and the lower bottom is fixedly connected with the transverse sizing block; be equipped with adjusting device in the seat frame, adjusting device, from the top down sets up in order: the nut comprises a threaded sleeve, a fixed nut, a nut seat and a positioning pin; the threaded sleeve is tubular, right-handed internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the tube, the outer wall of the tube is divided into two sections, the upper section is hexagonal and can extend out of the through hole of the supporting seat frame, and the lower section is circular and is provided with left-handed external threads; the thread pitches of the right-handed internal thread and the left-handed external thread are the same; the fixing nut is provided with a left-hand internal thread which forms a thread pair with the left-hand external thread of the thread sleeve; the fixing nut is fixedly connected to the nut seat; the nut seat is positioned by a positioning pin and is fixedly connected with the supporting seat frame.
The object of the invention is further achieved by the following technical solutions.
On the base, the loading device is arranged on the left side of the base, the transverse sizing block is arranged on the right side of the base, and the T-shaped groove on the transverse sizing block is perpendicular to the T-shaped groove of the base
The upper plane of the transverse sizing block in the length direction is provided with a T-shaped groove.
The hexagonal external circle diameter of the upper section of the outer wall of the screw sleeve is smaller than the small diameter of the lower section of the thread.
The diameter of the hexagonal circumcircle at the upper section of the outer wall of the threaded sleeve is smaller than that of the through hole at the upper bottom of the support frame, and the threaded sleeve and the through hole are concentric.
The fixing nut is in a vertical tube shape, the bottom of the fixing nut is provided with a flange, a positioning shaft neck is further arranged on the lower plane of the flange, a left-handed internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the tube, the pitch of the left-handed internal thread is equal to that of an external thread on the threaded sleeve, and at least two round holes are formed in the flange.
The nut seat is square and transparent in front and back, an upper positioning hole and a lower positioning hole are respectively arranged in the centers of the upper bottom and the lower bottom, the upper positioning hole and the lower positioning hole are concentric, threaded holes corresponding to the round holes in the flange of the fixing nut are formed in the peripheries of the upper positioning hole and in the upper bottom, round holes are respectively arranged in the front and the back of the positioning hole in the lower bottom, the upper positioning hole is matched with a positioning shaft neck on the fixing nut, and the lower positioning hole is matched with a positioning pin.
The support frame is characterized in that the center of the lower bottom bilateral symmetry line is provided with a pin hole, the size of the pin hole is smaller than that of the lower positioning hole of the nut seat, threaded holes corresponding to the upper round hole at the lower bottom of the nut seat are respectively arranged in the front and at the back of the pin hole, and the front end and the back end of the lower bottom bilateral symmetry line are respectively provided with a mounting hole.
In the locating pin, the upper journal and the lower journal are single-step round pins, the lower journal is in interference fit with the pin hole, and the upper journal is in transition fit with the lower locating hole.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the diesel engine is installed on the test bench by utilizing the four adjusting supports, the precision of the diesel engine in the height direction during installation is ensured by utilizing the equal-height support supports on the four adjusting supports, and meanwhile, the support supports are utilized to bear most of the dead weight of the diesel engine, so that the requirement on the rigidity of the adjusting device is lowered; in addition, the upper section hexagon of the screw sleeve penetrates through a through hole at the upper bottom of the support frame and is supported around a mounting screw on the lower bottom plane of the mounting foot of the diesel engine by utilizing the adjusting function of the thread pair connection between the upper screw sleeve of the adjusting device and the fixing nut to adjust the upper and lower heights of the screw sleeve; on one hand, the gap between the upper plane of the support frame and the lower plane of the diesel engine mounting foot can be eliminated, the problem that the mounting foot at the pressing point of the mounting screw is empty from the support frame is solved, and on the other hand, the problem of over-positioning caused by that four mounting feet of the diesel engine are simultaneously supported on the same plane is solved, so that the four mounting feet of the diesel engine are effectively supported; in order to solve the problem that the mounting screw is loosened due to test run vibration of the diesel engine, the adjusting device is provided with two groups of thread pairs with different rotation directions, namely a right-handed thread pair is adopted between the mounting screw and the threaded sleeve, a left-handed thread pair is adopted between the threaded sleeve and the fixed nut, and the thread pitches are equal, so that when the diesel engine is in test run, if the mounting screw is in an anticlockwise loosening trend, the threaded sleeve simultaneously follows, an anticlockwise tightening trend is generated, and vice versa, and the mounting screw is ensured not to be loosened, so that the structure has a reliable screw anti-loosening function.
Advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-restrictive description of preferred embodiments thereof, given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a rack structure
FIG. 2 is a top view of a stage structure
FIG. 3 shows an adjusting support
FIG. 4 shows a 16-stand support
Figure 5 shows a 195 nut seat
194 securing nut in FIG. 6
FIG. 7 shows a 193 screw sleeve
In the figure: 11. a loading device 13, a base 13a, a longitudinal T-shaped groove 14, an elastic coupling 15, a transverse sizing block 15a, a T-shaped groove 16, a support frame 16c, a pin hole 18, a diesel engine 181, a mounting foot 19 and an adjusting device,
191. the mounting screw 193, the screw sleeve 194, the fixing nut 194a, the positioning journal 195, the nut seat 195a, the upper positioning hole 195b, the lower positioning hole 196 and the positioning pin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The terms "left, right, up, down, front and back" used in the present invention mean that when the reader faces the drawings, the left side of the reader is left, the right side of the reader is right, the upper side of the reader is up, the lower side of the reader is down, the surface in the front paper of the reader is front, and the surface facing the reader is back, and not specifically limited to the present invention.
The term "connected" as used herein may mean either a direct connection between the components or an indirect connection between the components via other components.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the structure of the diesel engine test bed comprises a base 13, wherein a plurality of longitudinal T-shaped grooves 13a are formed in the upper plane of the base 13 and used for fixedly connecting a load device 11 and a transverse sizing block through T-shaped groove bolts, the load device 11 is arranged at the left end of the base 13, an input shaft is arranged on the right side surface of the load device 11, an elastic coupling 14 is arranged at the right end of the input shaft, and the other end of the elastic coupling 14 is connected with the left end of an output shaft of a diesel engine 18; two transverse sizing blocks 15 which are arranged in parallel and have I-shaped end faces and the same shape are arranged on the right side of the base 13, a T-shaped groove 15a is formed in the length direction of the upper plane of each transverse sizing block 15, and the T-shaped groove 15a is perpendicular to the T-shaped groove 13 a. The transverse sizing block 15 is fixedly connected with four supporting frames 16 by utilizing T-shaped grooves 15a and bolts, and the position of the transverse sizing block corresponds to the diesel engine mounting foot 181.
As shown in fig. 3, the adjusting mount comprises a pedestal frame 16 and an adjusting device 19. The bottom of the adjusting device 19 is positioned by a positioning pin 196 and fixed on the lower bottom plate 16f of the support frame 16, and the adjusting device 19 is sequentially provided with a positioning pin 196, a nut seat 195, a fixing nut 194, a threaded sleeve 193, a diesel engine mounting foot 181 and a mounting screw 191 from bottom to top.
As shown in fig. 4, the pedestal frame 16 is a square box with a front and a rear through; a T-shaped groove bolt mounting hole 16d, a threaded hole 16b, a pin hole 16c, a threaded hole (shielded) and a T-shaped groove bolt mounting hole (shielded) are sequentially arranged on the left and right symmetrical shaft of the lower base 16f, and the position of the threaded hole 16b corresponds to the round hole 195d of the fixing nut seat 195; the middle part of the upper bottom 16e is provided with a through hole 16a, and the through hole 16a is concentric with the pin hole 16 c; the through hole 16a is formed by a hexagon 193b on the screw sleeve 193 penetrating through the upper bottom 16e of the support frame 16, so that the upper plane of the screw sleeve 193 directly acts on the diesel engine mounting foot, the pretightening force of the diesel engine mounting foot is about 100 newtons, the pressing force of a fixing screw of the diesel engine mounting foot directly acts on the screw sleeve 193, and meanwhile, the self weight of the diesel engine is mainly supported by the support frame 16; the pressing force and the gravity are separated on the same support. The pin holes 16c are provided for positioning the positioning pins 196 and the nut holders 195, and for increasing the height of the support frame 16 to meet the requirement of other diesel engines, so as to ensure that the axes of the connecting holes intersect with the longitudinal symmetry line of the T-shaped groove, thereby providing convenience for the installation of the diesel engine.
As shown in fig. 5, a nut seat 195 is provided on the upper plane of the lower base plate 16f, the nut seat 195 is square and is through in the front-rear direction, an upper positioning hole 195a and a lower positioning hole 195b are provided at the center of the upper and lower bottoms, respectively, the upper positioning hole 195a is concentric with the lower positioning hole 195b, four screw holes 195c are provided on the outer circumference of the upper positioning hole 195a, the diameter of the lower positioning hole 195b is larger than that of the pin hole 16c, and a round hole 195d is provided at the front and rear of the lower positioning hole 195b, respectively, corresponding to the two screw holes 16b on the lower base plate 16 f.
The positioning pin 196 is in a single-step upright column shape, the upper part is thick, the lower part is thin, the positioning pin 196 is in interference fit with a pin hole 16c of the lower bottom plate 16f, and the positioning pin 196 is in transition fit with a lower positioning hole 195b, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient; the nut holder 195 is fixedly connected to the lower base plate 16f by a screw;
as shown in fig. 6, the fixing nut 194 is tubular, a flange 194a is disposed at the bottom of the tube, four circular holes 194b are disposed on the flange 194a, the four circular holes 194b are located corresponding to four threaded holes 195c on the upper bottom of the nut seat 195, a positioning shaft ring 194c is disposed under the flange 194a, the positioning shaft ring 194c is in transition fit with an upper positioning hole 195a on the upper bottom of the nut seat 195, so as to satisfy positioning accuracy and facilitate disassembly, a threaded hole on the inner wall of the tube of the fixing nut 194 is a left-handed internal thread 194d,
as shown in fig. 7, the threaded sleeve 193 is tubular, the inner wall of the tube is circular and is provided with right-handed internal threads 193a, the outer wall of the tube is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the lower section is circular and is provided with left-handed external threads 193c, and the left-handed external threads 193c and the left-handed internal threads 194d of the fixing nut 194 form a thread pair; the upper section is hexagonal 193b, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the hexagonal 193b is smaller than the small diameter of the left-handed external thread 193c of the lower section, and meanwhile, the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the hexagonal 193b is also smaller than the inscribed circle of the through hole 16a in the middle of the upper bottom of the support frame 16, so that the hexagonal 193b of the upper section can conveniently penetrate out of the through hole 16 a; the thread pitch of the right-handed internal thread 193a is the same as that of the left-handed external thread 193 c;
in this embodiment, when the diesel engine is fixed on the stand, first, the threaded sleeve 193 of the adjusting device 19 is sunk, so that the upper plane of the threaded sleeve 193 is lower than the upper plane of the support frame 16; secondly, placing the diesel engine mounting foot 181 on the upper plane of the support frame 16; thirdly, the threaded sleeves 193 of the adjusting devices in the adjusting support are respectively rotated to be lifted, so that the upper planes of the threaded sleeves 193 tightly press the bottom of the lower plane of the mounting foot 181 of the diesel engine, and the pretightening force is about 100 newtons, so that the threaded sleeves 193 on the adjusting devices 19 are tightly contacted with the mounting feet of the diesel engine; fourth, the respective mounting legs 181 are fixed to the adjusting device 19 by mounting screws 191 while maintaining the position of the threaded sleeves 193.
When the adjusting device 19 is used, the contact area between the upper plane of the threaded sleeve 193 and the mounting foot 181 is controlled, so that when the mounting screw 191 rotates, the threaded sleeve 193 can overcome the friction torque of the thread pair of the thread 194a of the fixing nut 194 and rotate along with the mounting screw 191 under the condition of no other external torque. Because the inner and outer threads of the threaded sleeve 193 are respectively the right-handed thread and the left-handed thread, when the adjusting device 19 is used, the adjusting device is vibrated by a diesel engine, when the threaded sleeve 193 rotates clockwise, the mounting screw 191 must also rotate clockwise along with the threaded sleeve, the mounting screw 191 releases the threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve simultaneously releases the threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve and the mounting screw are equal in size and opposite in direction, and therefore the risk of releasing the threaded sleeve 193 is eliminated, and vice versa. When the adjusting device 19 works, the fixing screw connected with the adjusting device is not loosened, and the safe operation of the equipment is ensured. In addition, the two screw pairs, namely the screwing direction of the mounting screw 191 and the screw sleeve 193 is changed into a left-handed screw pair, and the screwing direction of the screw sleeve 193 and the fixing nut 194 is changed into a right-handed screw pair, so that the anti-loosening effect can be achieved.

Claims (9)

1. A diesel engine test bench comprises a base with a T-shaped groove, wherein the base is fixedly connected with a load device and a transverse sizing block by utilizing a T-shaped groove bolt; the method is characterized in that: the two transverse sizing blocks are I-shaped and have the same size, the upper plane of the transverse sizing blocks in the length direction is provided with a T-shaped groove, each transverse sizing block is respectively fixed with two adjusting supports by utilizing T-shaped groove bolts, and the position of each adjusting support corresponds to the mounting foot of the diesel engine one by one; the adjusting support comprises a support frame and an adjusting device; the supporting seat frames are square and transparent in front and back, each supporting seat frame is equal in height, a through hole is formed in the middle of the upper bottom, and the lower bottom is fixedly connected with the transverse sizing block; be equipped with adjusting device in the seat frame, adjusting device, from the top down sets up in order: the nut comprises a threaded sleeve, a fixed nut, a nut seat and a positioning pin; the threaded sleeve is tubular, right-handed internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the tube, the outer wall of the tube is divided into two sections, the upper section is hexagonal and can extend out of the through hole of the supporting seat frame, and the lower section is circular and is provided with left-handed external threads; the thread pitches of the right-handed internal thread and the left-handed external thread are the same; the fixing nut is provided with a left-hand internal thread which forms a thread pair with the left-hand external thread of the thread sleeve; the fixing nut is fixedly connected to the nut seat; the nut seat is positioned by a positioning pin and is fixedly connected with the supporting seat frame.
2. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: on the base, a loading device is arranged on the left side of the base, a transverse sizing block is arranged on the right side of the base, and a T-shaped groove in the transverse sizing block is perpendicular to the T-shaped groove in the base.
3. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: and a T-shaped groove is formed in the upper plane of the transverse sizing block in the length direction.
4. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of a hexagonal circumscribed circle on the upper section of the outer wall of the screw sleeve is smaller than the small diameter of the thread on the lower section.
5. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the hexagonal circumcircle on the upper section of the outer wall of the threaded sleeve is smaller than that of the through hole at the upper bottom of the support frame, and the threaded sleeve and the through hole are concentric.
6. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing nut is in a vertical tube shape, a flange is arranged at the bottom of the fixing nut, a positioning shaft neck is further arranged on the lower plane of the flange, a left-handed internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the tube, the pitch of the left-handed internal thread is equal to that of an external thread on the threaded sleeve, and at least two round holes are formed in the flange.
7. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the nut seat is square and transparent in front and back, an upper positioning hole and a lower positioning hole are respectively arranged in the centers of the upper bottom and the lower bottom, the upper positioning hole and the lower positioning hole are concentric, threaded holes corresponding to the round holes in the flange of the fixing nut are formed in the periphery of the upper positioning hole in the upper bottom, a round hole is respectively formed in the front and the back of the lower positioning hole in the lower bottom, the upper positioning hole is matched with a positioning shaft neck on the fixing nut, and the lower positioning hole is matched with a positioning pin.
8. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame is characterized in that the center of the lower bottom bilateral symmetry line is provided with a pin hole, the size of the pin hole is smaller than that of a lower positioning hole of the nut seat, threaded holes corresponding to the upper round hole at the lower bottom of the nut seat are respectively arranged in the front and at the back of the pin hole, and the front end and the back end of the lower bottom bilateral symmetry line are respectively provided with a mounting hole.
9. A diesel engine test rig according to claim 8, wherein: the locating pin, upper and lower axle journal are single step shape round pin, lower axle journal with pinhole interference fit, upper axle journal with down locating hole transition fit.
CN201911307031.0A 2019-12-18 2019-12-18 Diesel engine test bed Active CN111157246B (en)

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CN111157246B true CN111157246B (en) 2021-10-01

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202494569U (en) * 2012-01-19 2012-10-17 中科恒源科技股份有限公司 Test bench for testing wind power generator
CN102564766A (en) * 2012-02-10 2012-07-11 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Dynamic testing block for engine distribution mechanism
CN209781425U (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-12-13 重庆科技学院 Anti-loosening bolt group

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