CN111156862B - Broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirror and grating diffraction - Google Patents
Broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirror and grating diffraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN111156862B CN111156862B CN202010025916.8A CN202010025916A CN111156862B CN 111156862 B CN111156862 B CN 111156862B CN 202010025916 A CN202010025916 A CN 202010025916A CN 111156862 B CN111156862 B CN 111156862B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
- F41H13/0043—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target
- F41H13/005—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target the high-energy beam being a laser beam
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength
- G01J9/02—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength by interferometric methods
- G01J9/0246—Measuring optical wavelength
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser warning structures, and particularly relates to a broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirrors and grating diffraction. The invention adopts the grating diffraction method to realize the detection of the laser wavelength, and has the advantages of high wavelength resolution, wide detection waveband and the like. The invention is used for laser warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser warning structures, and particularly relates to a broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirrors and grating diffraction.
Background
The rapid development of laser technology makes it play an important role in war, and the development of laser technology will even affect the war mode in the future. In war, laser weapons form a serious threat to military targets, and in order to cope with the increasing serious threat, all countries accelerate the development of photoelectric information countermeasure technology so as to rapidly detect the laser threat of enemies on battlefields, help fighters to take proper measures in time and achieve the purpose of effectively ensuring own personnel and weaponry to avoid killing and destruction. The laser alarm technology is an important component of photoelectric information countermeasure and an important means of laser countermeasure. The rapid and accurate acquisition of the incident direction angle and wavelength information of the incoming laser is the core content of the laser alarm technology research. Because the military purposes of the lasers with different wavelengths are different, the information such as the weapon type, military attempt and threat degree of the enemy can be correctly judged only by acquiring the accurate wavelength, energy and other information of the laser of the attack, and a basis is provided for judging whether defense or counterattack measures are taken by the enemy. In addition, only by obtaining the accurate incident direction angle, light intensity and the like of the incoming laser and judging the position of the threat source, effective measures can be taken for the party to interfere or destroy the target of the other party.
According to the principle, in a certain broadband, both the 0-level and the 1-level gratings have stronger diffraction efficiency, and laser incidence is diffracted by the gratings and then converged by a lens to form interference fringes and is imaged on an optical receiver area array detector. In the x direction, the zero-order spectral position is x 0 The positive first-order spectral position is x +1 The negative first-order spectral position is x -1 In the y-direction, the incident laser light is diffracted and then set to y at the detector position. Because the diffraction efficiency of some wave bands in the wave band of 0.4-1.6 um is lower, the imaging effect of the area array detector for detecting light spots is influenced, the judgment on the wavelength and the direction of the incoming laser and the laser energy is further influenced, and the problems of false alarm missing and the like are further generated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that the traditional alarm device is easy to generate false alarm of missing alarm, the invention provides a broadband laser alarm structure based on dichroic mirror and grating diffraction, which has the advantages of compact structure, small volume, light weight, high angular resolution and large field of view.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirrors and grating diffraction comprises a front view field compression optical system, dichroic mirrors, a visible light blazed grating, a near infrared light blazed grating, a first rear focusing optical system, a second rear focusing optical system, a near infrared focal plane detector and a visible light focal plane detector, wherein one side of the front view field compression optical system is provided with the dichroic mirrors, the front view field compression optical system compresses incoming laser in a large view field direction into a small view field, the dichroic mirrors divide light path signals entering the view field into two parts, one side of the dichroic mirrors is sequentially provided with the visible light blazed grating, the second rear focusing optical system and the visible light focal plane detector, the other side of the dichroic mirrors is sequentially provided with the near infrared light blazed grating, the first rear focusing optical system and the near infrared focal plane detector, the visible light blazed grating and the near-infrared light blazed grating respectively diffract the two light paths, the first rear focusing optical system and the second rear focusing optical system respectively focus zero-order diffraction, positive-order diffraction and negative-order diffraction of the two light paths, and the near-infrared light focal plane detector and the visible light focal plane detector respectively detect diffraction spots of the two light paths.
The dichroic mirror is 45 degrees with the incoming laser o And (4) an included angle.
The visible blazed grating and the near-infrared blazed grating both adopt sawtooth structures, the visible blazed grating adopts a blazed angle of 17.5 degrees at each millimeter of a 300-groove, and the near-infrared blazed grating adopts a blazed angle of 24.8 degrees at each millimeter of the 300-groove.
The dichroic mirror is completely transparent to light with wavelength of 0.95-1.6um waveband along the transmission light path, and completely reflective to light with wavelength of 0.4-0.95um along the reflection light path.
The zero-order diffraction efficiency of the visible light blazed grating and the near-infrared light blazed grating is more than 28%, the positive first-order diffraction efficiency is more than 24%, and the negative first-order diffraction efficiency is more than 24%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the grating first level of the invention has the advantages of higher diffraction efficiency and broad spectrum, improves the zero-level efficiency of the blazed grating, can cover the whole broadband and has higher diffraction efficiency; the invention can realize the detection of high-precision azimuth angle and laser wavelength of the wide-spectrum laser without a plurality of detectors; the invention adopts the grating diffraction method to realize the detection of the laser wavelength, and has the advantages of high wavelength resolution, wide detection waveband and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
wherein: the device comprises a front view field compression optical system 1, a dichroic mirror 2, a visible light blazed grating 3, a near-infrared light blazed grating 4, a first rear focusing optical system 5, a second rear focusing optical system 6, a near-infrared light focal plane detector 7 and a visible light focal plane detector 8.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirrors and grating diffraction comprises a front view field compression optical system 1, dichroic mirrors 2, a visible blazed grating 3, a near infrared blazed grating 4, a first rear focusing optical system 5, a second rear focusing optical system 6, a near infrared focal plane detector 7 and a visible light focal plane detector 8, wherein the dichroic mirrors 2 are arranged on one side of the front view field compression optical system 1, the front view field compression optical system 1 compresses incoming laser in a large view field direction into a small view field, the detection angle of laser warning can be improved, the dichroic mirrors 2 divide light path signals entering the view field into two, the visible blazed grating 3, the second rear focusing optical system 6 and the visible light focal plane detector 8 are sequentially arranged on one side of the dichroic mirrors 2, the near infrared blazed grating 4, the near infrared blazed grating, the near infrared focal plane detector 8 and the near infrared focal plane detector are sequentially arranged on the other side of the dichroic mirrors 2, The device comprises a first rear focusing optical system 5, a near infrared focal plane detector 7, a visible light blazed grating 3 and a near infrared blazed grating 4 which diffract two light paths respectively, the first rear focusing optical system 5 and a second rear focusing optical system 6 which focus zero-order, positive-order and negative-order diffraction of the two light paths respectively, and the near infrared focal plane detector 7 and the visible light focal plane detector 8 which detect diffraction spots of the two light paths respectively.
Further, preferably, a dichroic mirror2 and 45 degrees of laser beam o And (4) an included angle.
Further, preferably, the visible blazed grating 3 and the near-infrared blazed grating 4 both adopt a sawtooth structure, so that higher diffraction efficiency on light with multiple wavelengths can be achieved, and further, the spectrum detection range of laser warning can be improved, the visible blazed grating 3 adopts a blazed angle of 300 grooves per millimeter and 17.5 degrees, and has higher diffraction efficiency in a visible light band, and the near-infrared blazed grating 4 adopts a blazed angle of 300 grooves per millimeter and 24.8 degrees, and has higher diffraction efficiency in a near-infrared band.
Furthermore, the dichroic mirror 2 completely transmits light with wavelength of 0.95-1.6um along the transmission light path, and the dichroic mirror 2 completely reflects light with wavelength of 0.4-0.95um along the reflection light path, so that the energy loss of the detected incoming laser is small.
Further, preferably, the zero-order diffraction efficiency of the visible blazed grating 3 and the near-infrared blazed grating 4 is greater than 28%, the positive first-order diffraction efficiency is greater than 24%, and the negative first-order diffraction efficiency is greater than 24%.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the front view field compression optical system 1 compresses incoming laser in a large view field direction into a small view field, the dichroic mirror 2 divides light path signals entering the view field into two parts, the visible light blazed grating 3 and the near infrared light blazed grating 4 respectively diffract two light paths, the first rear focusing optical system 5 and the second rear focusing optical system 6 respectively focus zero-order diffraction, positive-order diffraction and negative-order diffraction of the two light paths, and the near infrared focal plane detector 7 and the visible light focal plane detector 8 respectively detect diffraction spots of the two light paths.
Although only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and all changes are encompassed in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A broadband laser warning structure based on dichroic mirror and grating diffraction is characterized in that: the device comprises a front view field compression optical system (1), a dichroic mirror (2), a visible light blazed grating (3), a near infrared light blazed grating (4), a first rear focusing optical system (5), a second rear focusing optical system (6), a near infrared focal plane detector (7) and a visible light focal plane detector (8), wherein the dichroic mirror (2) is arranged on one side of the front view field compression optical system (1), the front view field compression optical system (1) compresses incoming laser in a large view field direction into a small view field, the dichroic mirror (2) divides a light path signal entering the view field into two parts, the visible light blazed grating (3), the second rear focusing optical system (6) and the visible light focal plane detector (8) are sequentially arranged on one side of the dichroic mirror (2), and the near infrared light blazed grating (4) and the visible light focal plane detector (8) are sequentially arranged on the other side of the dichroic mirror (2), The optical system comprises a first rear focusing optical system (5) and a near infrared focal plane detector (7), wherein the visible light blazed grating (3) and the near infrared blazed grating (4) respectively diffract two light paths, the first rear focusing optical system (5) and a second rear focusing optical system (6) respectively focus zero-order, positive-order and negative-order diffraction of the two light paths, and the near infrared focal plane detector (7) and the visible light focal plane detector (8) respectively detect diffraction spots of the two light paths; the visible blazed grating (3) and the near-infrared blazed grating (4) both adopt sawtooth structures, the visible blazed grating (3) adopts a blazed angle of 300 grooves per millimeter and 17.5 degrees, and the near-infrared blazed grating (4) adopts a blazed angle of 300 grooves per millimeter and 24.8 degrees; the dichroic mirror (2) is completely transparent to light with wavelength of 0.95-1.6um wave band along the transmission light path, and the dichroic mirror (2) is completely reflective to light with wavelength of 0.4-0.95um along the reflection light path.
2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the dichroic mirror (2) is 45 degrees with the incoming laser o And (4) an included angle.
3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the structure is characterized in that: the zero-order diffraction efficiency of the visible blazed grating (3) and the near-infrared blazed grating (4) is more than 28%, the positive first-order diffraction efficiency is more than 24%, and the negative first-order diffraction efficiency is more than 24%.
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| CN112665532B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-21 | 中北大学 | High-precision laser warning device based on four-quadrant detector and two-dimensional grating |
| CN114136443A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-04 | 中北大学 | Broadband symmetrical blazed grating structure for laser warning |
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| SE9100916L (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-09-28 | Nobeltech Electronics Ab | Laser Detector |
| CN104267454A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 中北大学 | Multi-blaze-wavelength transmission grating structure for laser warning |
| CN105865637B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-08-24 | 中北大学 | A kind of spaceborne high angular resolution laser warning detection method and device |
| CN110389360A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-29 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of 360 ° for small drone look around imaging and laser warning device |
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