CN111156316A - Nonstandard flange sealing gasket for large opening hole and preparation method and sealing method thereof - Google Patents
Nonstandard flange sealing gasket for large opening hole and preparation method and sealing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111156316A CN111156316A CN201911335120.6A CN201911335120A CN111156316A CN 111156316 A CN111156316 A CN 111156316A CN 201911335120 A CN201911335120 A CN 201911335120A CN 111156316 A CN111156316 A CN 111156316A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/12—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
- F16J15/121—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/16—Making other particular articles rings, e.g. barrel hoops
- B21D53/20—Making other particular articles rings, e.g. barrel hoops washers, e.g. for sealing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/102—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/104—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by structure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/108—Special methods for making a non-metallic packing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a non-standard flange sealing gasket for large openings, a preparation method and a sealing method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large openings comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring the aperture of a through hole of the flange, the outer diameter of the flange, the pressure applied to the flange by fluid and the surface temperature of the flange; determining the inner ring aperture of the sealing gasket according to the aperture of the through hole and setting the inner ring aperture as a first set size; determining the outer diameter of the outer ring of the sealing gasket according to the outer diameter of the flange and setting the outer diameter as a second set size; determining the width of a winding pad of the sealing pad according to the aperture of the through hole, the fluid pressure and the surface temperature, and setting the width as a third set size; the first set size is larger than the aperture of the via hole; s2, cutting out an inner ring according to a first set size and cutting out an outer ring according to a second set size; and S3, overlapping the metal strips and the graphite strips mutually, continuously winding to form a winding pad with a third set size, and placing the winding pad between the inner ring and the outer ring. The preparation method can prepare the sealing gasket meeting the sealing requirement of the large-opening flange.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flange sealing, in particular to a nonstandard flange sealing gasket for a large opening, and a preparation method and a sealing method thereof.
Background
In the standard, the nominal size of the wound gasket with nominal pressure Class of Class2500(PN420) is less than DN300, and the flange sealing requirement of the current large-diameter high-temperature high-pressure container cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a non-standard flange sealing gasket capable of being used for large openings, and a preparation method and a sealing method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method for constructing a non-standard flange sealing gasket for large openings comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the hole diameter of a through hole of the flange, the outer diameter of the flange, the pressure applied to the flange by fluid and the surface temperature of the flange; determining the inner ring aperture of the sealing gasket according to the via hole aperture, and setting the inner ring aperture as a first set size; determining the outer diameter of the outer ring of the sealing gasket according to the outer diameter of the flange, and setting the outer diameter as a second set size; determining the width of a winding pad of the sealing pad according to the aperture of the through hole, the pressure of the fluid and the surface temperature, and setting the width as a third set size; wherein the first set size is larger than the via aperture;
s2, cutting out an inner ring according to a first set size and cutting out an outer ring according to a second set size;
and S3, overlapping and continuously winding the metal belt and the graphite belt in a staggered manner to form a winding pad with a third set size and placing the winding pad between the inner ring and the outer ring.
Preferably, the width of the winding pad is set to increase as the pressure of the fluid applied to the flange increases.
Preferably, the width of the winding pad is set to increase with the increase of the surface temperature of the flange;
and/or the thickness of the winding pad is higher than the thickness of the inner ring and the outer ring.
Preferably, the width of the winding pad is 60-75 mm;
and/or the inner diameter of the inner ring is 760-810 mm;
and/or the outer diameter of the outer ring is 1200-1250 mm.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes forming a groove on the inner side wall of the outer ring, and forming a protrusion on the outer side wall of the inner ring for the winding pad to be inserted into.
Preferably, the S3 step includes the steps of:
s3.1, overlapping and winding at least three layers of metal strips to form an inner winding pad;
s3.1, sequentially and alternately overlapping and winding a metal belt and a graphite belt on the periphery of the inner winding pad to form an intermediate winding pad;
and S3.3, overlapping and winding at least three layers of metal strips on the periphery of the middle winding pad to form an outer winding pad.
Preferably, after the step of S3, the method further includes:
s4, compressing the thickness of the winding pad to 0.130 +/-0.005 in;
after the step of S4, the method also comprises
S5, obtaining the aperture and the number of the bolt holes on the flange, determining the aperture and the number of the bolt holes on the winding pad according to the aperture and the number of the bolt holes on the flange, and punching screw holes with corresponding number and aperture on the winding pad.
Preferably, after the step of S5, the method further includes:
and S6, grinding the sealing surface of the winding pad, which is in contact with the flange, along the circumferential direction, and forming a plurality of annular trace grooves on the sealing surface, so that the sealing surface forms an engaging surface which is engaged with the contact surface of the flange.
The invention also discloses a non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening, which is prepared by the preparation method of the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening, and comprises an inner ring, an outer ring and a winding gasket arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring;
the aperture of the inner ring is larger than that of the large-opening non-standard flange;
the width of the winding pad is equivalent to the width of the contact surface of the flange and the winding pad.
Preferably, the width of the winding pad is 60-75 mm;
and/or the inner diameter of the inner ring is 760-810 mm;
and/or the outer diameter of the outer ring is 1200-1250 mm.
And/or the thickness of the winding pad is 0.130 +/-0.005 in.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the outer ring is provided with a groove for the winding pad to be clamped in.
Preferably, the winding pad comprises an inner winding pad, a middle winding pad wound on the periphery of the inner winding pad, and an outer winding pad wound on the periphery of the middle winding pad;
the inner winding pad comprises at least three layers of metal strips which are overlapped in sequence;
the middle winding pad comprises a plurality of layers of metal strips and a plurality of layers of graphite strips; the multilayer metal belt and the multilayer graphite belt are sequentially and alternately overlapped;
the outer winding pad comprises at least three layers of metal strips which are overlapped in sequence.
Preferably, a sealing surface of the winding pad contacting the flange is provided with a plurality of annular trace grooves, so that the sealing surface forms an engaging surface engaging with the contact surface of the flange.
The invention also constructs a sealing method for the nonstandard flange with the large opening, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a sealing gasket according to the preparation method of the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening hole;
s2, placing the sealing gasket on the large-opening non-standard flange;
s3, adopting a bolt to fixedly connect the sealing gasket with the large-opening non-standard flange, acquiring the cross-sectional area of the bolt, the cross-sectional area of the smallest diameter of the bolt, the allowable stress of the bolt material at room temperature, the allowable stress of the bolt material design document and the number of the bolts one by one, calculating the pretightening force of the bolt, and judging whether the pretightening force is matched with the preset pretightening force;
if yes, repeating the step S3 until whether the pretightening force of all the bolts is matched with the preset pretightening force or not;
if not, the bolts are tightened, and the step S3 is repeated until whether the pretightening force of all the bolts is matched with the preset pretightening force.
Preferably, the bolt pretension calculation is performed according to the following formula:
the minimum pretension force of a single bolt is calculated according to the following formula:
the maximum pretightening force of a single bolt is determined as follows:
wherein Am-calculates the total area of the section of the required bolt; ab — total cross-sectional area of actual bolt smallest diameter; sa-allowable stress of the bolt material at room temperature; allowable stress of the Sb-bolt material at a design temperature; n-number of bolts.
The implementation of the nonstandard flange sealing gasket for the large opening hole, the preparation method and the sealing method thereof has the following beneficial effects: the preparation method of the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening comprises the steps of determining the inner ring aperture of the sealing gasket according to the via hole aperture by obtaining the via hole aperture of the flange, the outer diameter of the flange, the pressure applied to the flange by fluid and the surface temperature of the flange installation, and setting the inner ring aperture as a first set size; determining the outer diameter of the outer ring of the sealing gasket according to the outer diameter of the flange, and setting the outer diameter as a second set size; determining the width of a winding pad of the sealing pad according to the aperture of the through hole, the fluid pressure and the surface temperature, and setting the width as a third set size; and cutting out the inner ring according to the first set size, cutting out the outer ring according to the second set size, mutually overlapping and continuously winding the metal belt and the graphite belt to form a winding pad with a third set size, and placing the winding pad between the inner ring and the outer ring, so that the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening is prepared, can meet the flange sealing requirement of the large opening, and has the advantage of high sealing reliability. The sealing method for the non-standard flange with the large opening has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and good sealing effect by adopting the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a non-standard flange gasket for large openings in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the non-standard flange gasket and flange mating configuration shown in FIG. 1 for use with large openings;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of making a non-standard flange gasket for large openings according to some embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method of non-standard flange sealing for large openings in some embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 illustrate preferred embodiments of the non-standard flange gasket 10 of the present invention for large openings. The non-standard flange sealing gasket 10 for the large opening hole can use the non-standard flange 20 with larger diameter than the opening hole, can meet the sealing requirement of the non-standard flange 20 for the large opening hole, and has the advantage of strong sealing performance. In some embodiments, the aperture of the flange 20 is greater than 750 mm.
Further, in some embodiments, the non-standard flange gasket 10 for large openings may include an inner ring 11, an outer ring 12, and a wrap gasket 13; the inner diameter of the inner ring 11 can be larger than the diameter of the large open bore non-standard flange 20. The outer ring 12 can be sleeved on the periphery of the inner ring 11, and the outer diameter thereof can be matched with the outer diameter of the large-opening non-standard flange 20. The winding pad 13 may be disposed between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12, which may contact the end face of the large open non-standard flange 20.
Further, in some embodiments, the inner ring 11 may be made of stainless steel, and it is understood that in other embodiments, the material of the inner ring 11 may not be limited to stainless steel. In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the inner ring 11 may be 760-810 mm. When the non-standard flange sealing gasket 10 for large openings is used for sealing the non-standard flange 20 for large openings, the inner ring 11 can be sleeved on the periphery of the neck of the flange 20. The outer side wall of the inner ring 11 may be provided with a protrusion 111, and the protrusion 111 may be protruded along the radial direction of the inner ring 11, which may be used to cooperate with the winding pad 13 for fixing.
Further, in some embodiments, the outer ring 12 may be made of stainless steel, and it is understood that in other embodiments, the material of the outer ring 12 may not be limited to stainless steel. In some embodiments, the outer ring may have an outer diameter of 1200-1250 mm, and the outermost side of the outer ring may be conveniently flush with the outside edge of the flange 20 when the gasket 10 is used to seal the large open-ended non-standard flange 20. In some embodiments, the inner sidewall of the outer ring 12 may be provided with a groove 121, and the groove 121 may be formed by radially inwardly recessing the inner sidewall of the outer ring 12, which is used for the winding pad 13 to be snapped into, so as to fix the winding pad 13, thereby improving the stability of the engagement with the winding pad 13.
Further, in some embodiments, the winding pad 13 may be formed by a ring structure formed by continuously winding metal strips and graphite strips in an overlapping and overlapping manner. The metal band may be a stainless steel band and the graphite band may be a flexible graphite band. The width of the winding pad 13 may be equivalent to the width of the contact surface of the flange 20 and the winding pad 13, specifically, the width of the winding pad 13 is slightly smaller than the width of the end surface of the flange 20, and the sum of the width of the winding pad 13, the width of the inner ring 11, and the width of the outer ring 12 is equivalent to the width of the end surface of the flange 20. In some embodiments, the width of the winding pad 13 may be 60-75 mm. The thickness of the wrap mat 13 may be greater than the height of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12, and in some embodiments, the thickness of the wrap mat 13 will compress to 0.130 + -0.005 in at 30000psi uniform bolt pressure.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the wrap pad 13 may include an inner wrap pad, an intermediate wrap pad, and an outer wrap pad. The inner winding pad can comprise at least three layers of metal strips which are sequentially overlapped; in some embodiments, each layer of the inner wrap pad may be a metal tape. The middle winding pad can comprise a plurality of layers of metal belts and a plurality of layers of graphite belts, wherein the plurality of layers of metal belts and the plurality of layers of graphite belts can be sequentially and alternately arranged in an overlapping mode, namely, one layer of graphite belt can be arranged between two layers of metal belts. The outer winding pad can comprise at least three layers of metal strips which are sequentially overlapped; in some embodiments, each layer of the outer winding pad may be a metal tape.
Further, in some embodiments, a sealing surface of the winding pad 13 contacting the flange 20 may be provided with a plurality of trace grooves; the trace groove may be annular, and the plurality of trace grooves are all concentric circles, and may be formed by polishing the sealing surface of the winding pad 13 in the circumferential direction, so that the sealing surface may form an engagement surface engaged with the contact surface of the flange 20, and further, the sealing performance may be improved and improved, and the possibility of leakage may be reduced.
FIG. 3 illustrates some preferred embodiments of the method of the present invention for making a large opening non-standard flange gasket. The preparation method of the non-standard flange sealing gasket with the large opening hole for the user can prepare the sealing gasket capable of meeting the sealing requirement of the non-standard flange for opening the hole, and has the advantage of simplicity and convenience in operation.
As shown in fig. 3, the method of manufacturing the non-standard flange gasket 10 for large openings includes the steps of:
s1, acquiring the through hole diameter of the flange 20, the outer diameter of the flange 20, the pressure applied to the flange 20 by the fluid and the surface temperature of the flange 20; determining the aperture of an inner ring 11 of the sealing gasket 10 according to the aperture of the through hole, and setting the aperture as a first set size; determining the outer diameter of the outer ring 12 of the sealing gasket 10 according to the outer diameter of the flange 20 and setting the outer diameter to be a second set size; determining the width of the winding pad 13 of the sealing pad 10 according to the aperture of the through hole, the fluid pressure and the surface temperature, and setting the width as a third set size; wherein the first set size is larger than the via aperture.
Before the step S1, a flange grade may be determined based on the pressure and temperature requirements, and then the aperture of the through hole of the flange 20 and the outer diameter of the flange 20 are measured by using a tape measure or other measuring tool, the pressure applied to the flange 20 by the fluid in the container is detected by using a pressure gauge, the surface temperature of the flange 20 is measured by using a thermometer, and the aperture of the through hole is larger than 750 mm; the pressure is more than or equal to 20 MPa; the temperature is more than or equal to 400 ℃, and the outer diameter is 1200-1250 mm.
The aperture of the inner ring 11 of the sealing gasket 10 is determined according to the aperture of the via hole, the aperture of the inner ring 11 is larger than the aperture of the via hole and is set to a first set size, and the first set size may be larger than the aperture of the via hole, and optionally, the first set size may be 760 mm to 810 mm.
The outer diameter of the outer ring 12 of the gasket 10 is determined in accordance with the outer diameter of the flange 20 and set to a second set size. The outer ring 12 has an outer diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the flange 20, and alternatively, the second set size may be 1200 to 1250 mm.
The width of the winding pad 13 of the sealing gasket 10 is determined according to the hole diameter of the through hole, the pressure of the fluid, and the surface temperature, and is set to a third set size, in some embodiments, the width of the winding pad 13 may be set to increase with the increase of the pressure applied to the flange 20 by the fluid, and the width of the winding pad 13 is set to increase with the increase of the surface temperature of the flange 20. In some embodiments, the third set size may be 60-75 mm.
S2, cutting out the inner ring 11 according to the first set size and cutting out the outer ring 12 according to the second set size.
Specifically, in some embodiments, an inner ring 11 with an inner diameter of 760-810 mm is cut out of a stainless steel sheet, and an outer ring 12 with an outer diameter of 1200-1250 mm and an inner diameter greater than 820mm is cut out of the stainless steel sheet. Then, a groove 121 is formed on the inner side wall of the outer ring 12 so as to allow the winding pad 13 to be inserted therein, and a protrusion 111 is formed on the outer side wall of the inner ring 11.
And S3, overlapping the metal strips and the graphite strips mutually, continuously winding to form a winding pad 13 with a third set size, and placing the winding pad between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12.
Specifically, in some embodiments, this step S3 includes the following steps; s3.1, overlapping and winding at least three layers of metal strips to form an inner winding pad 13; in some embodiments, each layer of the inner wrap pad 13 may be a metal strip, with a minimum of three spot welds circumferentially between the first two layers of metal strip. S3.2, sequentially and alternately overlapping and winding the metal belt and the graphite belt on the periphery of the inner winding pad 13 to form a middle winding pad 13; wherein, this strap and this graphite tape are the multilayer, and this multilayer strap and multilayer graphite tape set up in turn, all are equipped with one deck graphite tape between every two-layer strap promptly. S3.3, overlapping and winding at least three layers of metal strips on the periphery of the middle winding pad 13 to form an outer winding pad 13; in some embodiments, each layer of the outer wrap pad 13 may be a metal strip, with a minimum of three spot welds circumferentially between the first two layers of metal strip.
S4, compressing the thickness of the wound pad 13 to 0.130 ± 0.005 in.
Specifically, the thickness of wrap mat 13 may be compressed to 0.130 + -0.005 in at 30000psi uniform bolt pressure. The thickness of the winding pad 13 may be higher than the thickness of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12.
S5, acquiring the hole diameter and the number of the bolt holes in the flange 20, determining the hole diameter and the number of the bolt holes in the winding pad 13 according to the hole diameter and the number of the bolt holes in the flange 20, and drilling screw holes with corresponding number and hole diameter in the winding pad 13.
Wherein the hole diameter and the number of the bolt holes on the winding pad 13 are equivalent to the hole diameter and the number of the bolt holes on the flange 20. The smaller the width of the end face of the flange 20, the smaller the hole diameter of the bolt hole on the flange 20, the smaller the outer diameter of the flange 20, and the smaller the number of the bolt holes, the smaller the width of the prepared winding pad 13, the smaller the hole diameter of the bolt hole, the smaller the outer diameter of the winding pad 13, and the smaller the number of the bolt holes; and vice versa.
After the step of S5, design iteration and optimization of the structure size may also be performed based on the flange and bolt calculation check formula. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, this step may be omitted.
And S6, grinding the sealing surface of the winding pad 13, which is in contact with the flange 20, along the circumferential direction to form a plurality of annular trace grooves on the sealing surface, so that the sealing surface forms an engaging surface which is engaged with the contact surface of the flange 20.
The annular grooves can be concentric circles, the roughness of the meshing surface is matched with that of the end face of the flange 20, and the roughness does not exceed Ra 6.3 mu m. Through the meshing surface that sets up the contact surface meshing with flange 2020 at this sealed face, and then can improve and improve sealing performance, reduced the possibility of leaking for holistic sealed effect obtains better assurance, and the width that simultaneously sealed 10 winding pads 13 that use under the same condition is narrower, therefore can use more frivolous flange 20 and a small amount of and light bolt, promotes holistic economic nature.
After this step S6, the reliability of the calculation and design is also verified by experiment, and then the actual verification is performed. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, this step may be omitted.
Fig. 4 illustrates some preferred embodiments of the present invention for sealing a large opening non-standard flange 20. The method for sealing the non-standard flange 20 for large openings may include the steps of:
s1, the gasket 10 was prepared according to the method for preparing the non-standard flange gasket 10 for large openings of the present invention.
S2, placing the gasket 10 on the large opening non-standard flange 20.
S3, adopting bolts to fasten the sealing gasket 10 and the large-opening non-standard flange 20, obtaining the cross-sectional area of the bolts, the cross-sectional area of the smallest diameter of the bolts, the allowable stress of the bolt materials at room temperature, the allowable stress of the bolt materials under design documents and the number of the bolts one by one, calculating the pretightening force of the bolts, and judging whether the pretightening force is matched with the preset pretightening force;
if yes, repeating the step S3 until whether the pretightening force of all the bolts is matched with the preset pretightening force or not;
if not, the bolts are tightened, and the step S3 is repeated until whether the pretightening force of all the bolts is matched with the preset pretightening force.
The bolt pretightening force is calculated according to the following formula:
the minimum pretension force of a single bolt is calculated according to the following formula:
the maximum pretightening force of a single bolt is determined as follows:
wherein Am-calculates the total area of the section of the required bolt; ab — total cross-sectional area of actual bolt smallest diameter; sa-allowable stress of the bolt material at room temperature; allowable stress of the Sb-bolt material at a design temperature; n-number of bolts.
In some embodiments, the bolt is generally tightened in a gradual manner when being pre-tightened, and the maximum pre-tightening force can reach 110%. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional margin of the bolt may be 17% to 20%.
It is to be understood that the foregoing examples, while indicating the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and description, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A preparation method of a non-standard flange sealing gasket for large openings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring the hole diameter of a through hole of the flange, the outer diameter of the flange, the pressure applied to the flange by fluid and the surface temperature of the flange; determining the inner ring aperture of the sealing gasket according to the via hole aperture, and setting the inner ring aperture as a first set size; determining the outer diameter of the outer ring of the sealing gasket according to the outer diameter of the flange, and setting the outer diameter as a second set size; determining the width of a winding pad of the sealing pad according to the aperture of the through hole, the pressure of the fluid and the surface temperature, and setting the width as a third set size; wherein the first set size is larger than the via aperture;
s2, cutting out an inner ring according to a first set size and cutting out an outer ring according to a second set size;
and S3, overlapping and continuously winding the metal belt and the graphite belt in a staggered manner to form a winding pad with a third set size and placing the winding pad between the inner ring and the outer ring.
2. The method of making a non-standard flange gasket for large openings of claim 1 wherein the width of the wound gasket is increased as the pressure of the fluid against the flange increases.
3. The method of making a non-standard flange gasket for large openings of claim 1 wherein the width of the wrapped gasket increases as the surface temperature of the flange increases;
and/or the thickness of the winding pad is higher than the thickness of the inner ring and the outer ring.
4. The method for preparing a non-standard flange sealing gasket for a large opening according to claim 1, wherein the width of the winding gasket is 60-75 mm;
and/or the inner diameter of the inner ring is 760-810 mm;
and/or the outer diameter of the outer ring is 1200-1250 mm.
5. The method for preparing a non-standard flange sealing gasket for a large opening according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises forming a groove on the inner side wall of the outer ring and forming a protrusion on the outer side wall of the inner ring for the winding gasket to be clamped in.
6. The method of making a non-standard flange gasket for large openings according to claim 1 wherein said step S3 comprises the steps of:
s3.1, overlapping and winding at least three layers of metal strips to form an inner winding pad;
s3.1, sequentially and alternately overlapping and winding a metal belt and a graphite belt on the periphery of the inner winding pad to form an intermediate winding pad;
and S3.3, overlapping and winding at least three layers of metal strips on the periphery of the middle winding pad to form an outer winding pad.
7. The method of making a non-standard flange gasket for large openings according to claim 1, further comprising, after the step of S3:
s4, compressing the thickness of the winding pad to 0.130 +/-0.005 in;
after the step of S4, the method also comprises
S5, obtaining the aperture and the number of the bolt holes on the flange, determining the aperture and the number of the bolt holes on the winding pad according to the aperture and the number of the bolt holes on the flange, and punching screw holes with corresponding number and aperture on the winding pad.
8. The method of making a non-standard flange gasket for large openings according to claim 7, further comprising, after the step of S5:
and S6, grinding the sealing surface of the winding pad, which is in contact with the flange, along the circumferential direction, and forming a plurality of annular trace grooves on the sealing surface, so that the sealing surface forms an engaging surface which is engaged with the contact surface of the flange.
9. A non-standard flange gasket for a large opening hole, produced by the method for producing a non-standard flange gasket for a large opening hole according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, and a winding mat disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring;
the aperture of the inner ring is larger than that of the large-opening non-standard flange;
the width of the winding pad is equivalent to the width of the contact surface of the flange and the winding pad.
10. The non-standard flange gasket for large openings of claim 9 wherein the width of the wound gasket is 60-75 mm;
and/or the inner diameter of the inner ring is 760-810 mm;
and/or the outer diameter of the outer ring is 1200-1250 mm;
and/or the thickness of the winding pad is 0.130 +/-0.005 in.
11. The non-standard flange gasket for large openings of claim 9 wherein the inner sidewall of the outer ring is grooved for the winding gasket to snap into.
12. The non-standard flange gasket for large openings of claim 9 wherein the wound gasket comprises an inner wound gasket, an intermediate wound gasket disposed around the periphery of the inner wound gasket, and an outer wound gasket disposed around the periphery of the intermediate wound gasket;
the inner winding pad comprises at least three layers of metal strips which are overlapped in sequence;
the middle winding pad comprises a plurality of layers of metal strips and a plurality of layers of graphite strips; the multilayer metal belt and the multilayer graphite belt are sequentially and alternately overlapped;
the outer winding pad comprises at least three layers of metal strips which are overlapped in sequence.
13. A non-standard flange gasket for large openings according to claim 9 wherein the sealing surface of the gasket contacting the flange is provided with a plurality of circumferential grooves to provide the sealing surface with an engaging surface for engaging the contacting surface of the flange.
14. A method for sealing a large opening non-standard flange, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing the sealing gasket according to the method for preparing the non-standard flange sealing gasket for the large opening hole in any one of the claims 1 to 8;
s2, placing the sealing gasket on the large-opening non-standard flange;
s3, adopting a bolt to fixedly connect the sealing gasket with the large-opening non-standard flange, acquiring the cross-sectional area of the bolt, the cross-sectional area of the smallest diameter of the bolt, the allowable stress of the bolt material at room temperature, the allowable stress of the bolt material design document and the number of the bolts one by one, calculating the pretightening force of the bolt, and judging whether the pretightening force is matched with the preset pretightening force;
if yes, repeating the step S3 until whether the pretightening force of all the bolts is matched with the preset pretightening force or not;
if not, the bolts are tightened, and the step S3 is repeated until whether the pretightening force of all the bolts is matched with the preset pretightening force.
15. A method of sealing a non-standard flange for large openings according to claim 14, wherein the bolt pretension calculation is performed according to the following formula:
the minimum pretension force of a single bolt is calculated according to the following formula:
the maximum pretightening force of a single bolt is determined as follows:
wherein Am-calculates the total area of the section of the required bolt; ab — total cross-sectional area of actual bolt smallest diameter; sa-allowable stress of the bolt material at room temperature; allowable stress of the Sb-bolt material at a design temperature; n-number of bolts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911335120.6A CN111156316A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Nonstandard flange sealing gasket for large opening hole and preparation method and sealing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911335120.6A CN111156316A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Nonstandard flange sealing gasket for large opening hole and preparation method and sealing method thereof |
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| CN111156316A true CN111156316A (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| CN201911335120.6A Pending CN111156316A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | Nonstandard flange sealing gasket for large opening hole and preparation method and sealing method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112524365A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-19 | 中国成达工程有限公司 | Combined sealing gasket suitable for various working conditions |
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