CN111155577A - Excavator bucket mechanism with adjustable angle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator bucket mechanism with an adjustable angle, which comprises a base, a main swing arm and a bucket, wherein the upper part of the rear wall of the bucket is hinged with a secondary swing arm through a front hinge pin of the secondary arm, a turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged at the rear end of the secondary swing arm through a front hinge pin of the turnover, the turnover hydraulic cylinder is hinged at the upper end of a swing plate through a rear hinge pin of the turnover, the middle part of the swing plate is hinged at the rear end of the main swing arm through a fulcrum hinge pin, the lower end of the swing plate is hinged with a swing angle hydraulic cylinder through a front hinge pin of the angle, and the root. The invention can realize linkage operation of angle and turnover, and simultaneously, the angle adjustment can be independently adjusted with a turnover part, so that the invention can be suitable for various complex working condition environments, is particularly suitable for the condition that various operations need to be frequently changed, such as leveling operation and slope cutting operation, are frequently and alternately carried out, thereby simplifying the structure and the operation steps of the excavator bucket mechanism, and has the advantages of obviously reduced cost and low failure rate.

Description

Excavator bucket mechanism with adjustable angle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of improvement of auxiliary tools of excavating machinery, and particularly relates to an excavator bucket mechanism with an adjustable angle.

Background

The excavator is an important constructional engineering machine and is widely applied to various engineering projects such as engineering construction, mine excavation and the like, and when the excavator works, working conditions such as excavation, unloading and the like are realized by continuously lifting and descending the movable arm mechanism. Various bucket configurations are available on the market for different applications. The shape of the bucket is typically determined by the hydraulic excavator kinematics. The existing excavator bucket needs to be operated on a plurality of hydraulic cylinders respectively or simultaneously in the working process, the operation process is complex and needs experience of an operator, even after experienced workers work for a long time, the fatigue degree of the excavator bucket can be obviously increased due to the complex operation degree, and the traditional excavator bucket needs technical improvement due to the fact that the operation is not flexible and the operation steps are complicated. In the prior art, the angle of the bucket is measured by a corresponding sensor so as to facilitate reminding or active control to achieve the purpose of simplifying operation, wherein one scheme is that a bucket oil cylinder is replaced by a stroke sensing oil cylinder with a displacement sensor, the length change of the bucket oil cylinder in the motion process can be measured in real time, and the rotation angle of the bucket is obtained through mathematical calculation; the other is that an angle sensor is arranged on a rocker which is connected with the bucket and the bucket rod, and the motion angle is transmitted through the rocker. The bucket round pin axle is connected to rocker one end, and the dipper round pin axle is connected to the other end, and the sensor is rotatory along with the rocker, and the scraper bowl can drive the sensor through the rocker and rotate around the rotation axis when the scraper bowl is rotatory to measure the angle of scraper bowl. However, these technologies that cooperate through the sensor are more suitable for the field that the excavation area is big and the form is comparatively single, can not adapt to the field that the various operating modes of excavator change repeatedly, and when the auxiliary area work that needs to change repeatedly, sensor cooperation technology can not exert its effective effect on the contrary, for example when leveling operation and the operation of cutting a slope are frequently carried out in turn, often select to shield the sensor and change into traditional operation mode, to some operating modes that the meticulous operation required height, experienced traditional operation mode often is more superior. The current further intelligent and automatic excavator scraper bowl need set up the various parameters in the excavator actual work in the work progress, especially the measurement of scraper bowl angle, the setting requirement can't master totally to a lot of ordinary workman, and it is mostly the mine to use the work condition, the condition is abominable and the signal is more weak, excavator main material itself is iron, interference to the signal of telecommunication is strong, lead to the practical application process to have inconsistent problem as for experiment test process, the main performance is the realization real-time measurement that the scraper bowl angle is difficult accurate always. Another reason that intelligent excavator buckets have not always been able to completely replace traditional excavator work is that the sensors are mounted directly on the cylinders or directly on the rocker, respectively. And because the frequent motion of excavator equipment and operational environment are comparatively abominable usually, this kind of direct contact nature is measured and is made the motion range of sensor too big, makes the sensor receive the harm easily, and reliability and result of use are difficult to guarantee under complicated operating mode. The technology has the defects of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, difficult maintenance and the like, brings some potential safety hazards while improving the intelligent application of the technology, and increases the failure rate of the excavator in operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an excavator bucket mechanism with an adjustable angle, which is used for adapting to different excavation environments to carry out optimal angle adjustment and realizing linkage of the angle and overturning so as to reduce redundant operation steps as far as possible after the optimal excavation effect and setting are achieved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an angularly adjustable excavator bucket mechanism, which comprises a base, main swing arm and scraper bowl, wherein, main swing arm articulates on base upper portion through the root round pin axle, main swing arm front end articulates there is the scraper bowl, hydraulic cylinder's root articulates in the base below through main back-pushing round pin axle, hydraulic cylinder's push rod front end articulates in main swing arm middle part through main front-pushing round pin axle, scraper bowl back wall upper portion articulates through auxiliary arm front-pin axle has from the swing arm, the upset pneumatic cylinder articulates at from the swing arm rear end through the round pin axle before the upset, the upset pneumatic cylinder articulates in a sweep upper end through the back-pushing round pin axle, the middle part of this sweep articulates in main swing arm rear end through the fulcrum round pin axle, the lower extreme of this sweep articulates through angle round pin axle before the angle has the pivot pneumatic cylinder.

And a synchronous connecting plate is hinged between the main swing arm and the auxiliary swing arm through a connecting plate lower pin shaft and a connecting plate upper pin shaft, and the connecting plate lower pin shaft, the connecting plate upper pin shaft, the main arm front pin shaft and the auxiliary arm front pin shaft form four top angles of a parallelogram.

The swing plate is an L-shaped plate, and the fulcrum pin shaft is located at the corner of the L-shaped plate.

The outer end of each pin shaft is sleeved or fixed with an end cover, each end cover extends to one side to form a protruding part, the protruding part is provided with a screw hole and is provided with a bolt, and the bolt is fixed on the side wall of a rod piece near the pin shaft.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize linkage operation of angle and overturn, and simultaneously, the angle adjustment can be independently adjusted with an overturn part, so that the invention can be suitable for various complex working condition environments, is particularly suitable for the condition that various operations need frequent alternation, such as leveling operation and slope cutting operation, only needs to adjust the angle hydraulic cylinder independently when changing different working condition conditions, and basically does not need to adjust the angle hydraulic cylinder independently under other conditions, so that the angle and overturn are linked and synchronized, thereby simplifying the structure and the operation steps of the excavator bucket mechanism, and realizing the double reduction characteristics of cost reduction and labor amount reduction. Because the operation steps are simplified, the operation performance of the intelligent excavator bucket system is not inferior to that of the intelligent excavator bucket system, but the intelligent excavator bucket system is used under the complex working condition, and the intelligent excavator bucket system has the advantages of obviously reduced cost and low failure rate.

The invention also provides three approximately parallel components of the L-shaped plate, the synchronous connecting plate and the bucket, which are respectively linkage components, and essentially form two quadrilateral linkage mechanisms. Only under the environment condition that the working condition is very complicated, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders are required to be operated simultaneously to carry out excavation work, but in most cases, particularly under the condition that the action is repeated for a plurality of times, the necessary process steps can be simplified by means of the composite linkage mechanism, so that the working strength is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a bucket mechanism of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures: the device comprises a base 1, a main swing arm 2, a bucket 3, a slave swing arm 4, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 5, a swing angle hydraulic cylinder 6, a turnover hydraulic cylinder 7, a synchronous connecting plate 8, a swinging plate 9, a pin shaft 12, a main push back pin shaft 15, an angle back pin shaft 16, a main push front pin shaft 25, a main arm front pin shaft 23, a connecting plate lower pin shaft 28, a fulcrum pin shaft 29, an auxiliary arm front pin shaft 34, a turnover front pin shaft 47, a connecting plate upper pin shaft 48, an angle front pin shaft 69 and a turnover back pin shaft 79.

Detailed Description

Example 1: the excavator bucket 3 mechanism is characterized in that the angle of the excavator bucket 3 mechanism can be separately sleeved and can realize linkage synchronization with overturning, as shown in the figure, a main swing arm 2 is hinged to the upper portion of a base 1 through a root pin shaft, the base 1 is a carrier component fixed to the front end of an excavator, the front end of the main swing arm 2 is hinged to a bucket 3, and particularly, the front end of the main arm is hinged to the bottom of the rear wall of the bucket 3 through a main arm front pin shaft.

The bucket 3 lifting function is provided by the main swing arm 2 and the lift cylinder 5. The root of hydraulic cylinder 5 is articulated below base 1 through main round pin axle after pushing away, and hydraulic cylinder 5's push rod front end is articulated in main swing arm 2 middle part through main round pin axle before pushing away to when control hydraulic cylinder 5 during operation, can drive main swing arm 2 and rotate along a round pin axle, make scraper bowl 3 lifted or below. The outer end of each pin shaft is sleeved or fixed with an end cover, each end cover extends to one side to form a protruding part, the protruding part is provided with a screw hole and is provided with a bolt, and the bolt is fixed on the side wall of a rod piece near the pin shaft.

Meanwhile, the upper part of the back wall of the bucket 3 is hinged with a slave swing arm 4 through an auxiliary arm front pin shaft, and the overturning hydraulic cylinder 7 is hinged at the back end of the slave swing arm 4 through an overturning front pin shaft. The turning hydraulic cylinder 7 is hinged to the upper end of a swing plate 9 through a turning rear pin shaft, the middle of the swing plate 9 is hinged to the rear end of the main swing arm 2 through a fulcrum pin shaft, the lower end of the swing plate 9 is hinged to a swing angle hydraulic cylinder 6 through an angle front pin shaft, and the root of the swing angle hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged to the middle of the base 1 through an angle rear pin shaft. This swing board 9 is the L template, and the fulcrum round pin axle is located the turning position of L template to in the drive power of transmission swing angle pneumatic cylinder 6, and realize when swing angle pneumatic cylinder 6 is out of work, realize upset pneumatic cylinder 7 (from swing arm 4 promptly) and main swing arm 2 through the L template and realize the linkage relation, this linkage relation can simplify operating procedure to a certain extent, for example when not needing angle regulation pneumatic cylinder during operation, can realize automatic linkage operation relation.

Example 2: on the basis of the embodiment 1, a synchronous connecting plate 8 is hinged between the main swing arm 2 and the auxiliary swing arm 4 through a connecting plate lower pin shaft and a connecting plate upper pin shaft, and the connecting plate lower pin shaft, the connecting plate upper pin shaft, the main arm front pin shaft and the auxiliary arm front pin shaft form four vertex angles of a parallelogram. In embodiment 1, the slave swing arm 4 and the turning hydraulic cylinder 7 together form a driving mechanism for turning the bucket 3, but in this embodiment, the slave swing arm 4 and the master swing arm 2 are matched to form a parallelogram structure (a parallelogram exists in four pin shaft regions), so that a linkage function of the slave swing arm 4 and the master swing arm 2 is realized, that is, when the master swing arm 2 lifts or lowers the bucket 3, the slave swing arm 4 can also control the angle of the bucket 3 in a linkage manner, so as to ensure that the bucket 3 is always kept at the same unchanged angle (under the condition that the turning hydraulic cylinder 7 does not work) and is lifted. This function is suitable for the environment that the operating mode is single and the action repetition rate is high, can no longer control upset pneumatic cylinder 7 at this moment even in excavation and lift process, but just control upset pneumatic cylinder 7 at the process of unloading after the jack-up, so this embodiment can simplify the operation process once more in the single environment of operating mode, reduces work load. In this embodiment, in combination with embodiment 1, there are three approximately parallel members, i.e., an L-shaped plate, a synchronization link plate 8, and a bucket 3, and each of the three members is a linkage member, and only under an environmental condition where the working conditions are very complicated, it is necessary to simultaneously operate a plurality of hydraulic cylinders to perform excavation work. The operation of the increasing and reducing processes is different from the traditional operation mode, but only one exercise period and experience accumulation are needed, and the advantages of simplicity, convenience and labor saving can be achieved after the operation is skilled.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides an angularly adjustable excavator bucket mechanism, which comprises a base, main swing arm and scraper bowl, wherein, main swing arm articulates on base upper portion through the root round pin axle, main swing arm front end articulates there is the scraper bowl, hydraulic cylinder's root articulates in the base below through main back-pushing round pin axle, hydraulic cylinder's push rod front end articulates at main swing arm middle part through main front-pushing round pin axle, its characterized in that, scraper bowl back wall upper portion articulates through auxiliary arm front-pushing round pin axle has from the swing arm, the upset pneumatic cylinder articulates at from the swing arm rear end through the front-pushing round pin axle, the upset pneumatic cylinder articulates in a sweep upper end through upset back-pushing round pin axle, the middle part of this sweep articulates in main swing arm rear end through the fulcrum round pin axle, the lower extreme of this sweep articulates through angle front-pushing pin axle has the pivot.

2. The angularly adjustable excavator bucket mechanism of claim 1 wherein a synchronizing link is pivotally connected between said master swing arm and said slave swing arm by a link lower pin and a link upper pin, said link lower pin, link upper pin, master arm front pin and slave arm front pin forming four corners of a parallelogram.

3. The angularly adjustable excavator bucket mechanism of claim 2 wherein the swing plate is an L-shaped plate and the fulcrum pin is located at a corner of the L-shaped plate.

4. The adjustable angle excavator bucket mechanism of claim 1 where an end cap is attached or fixed to the outer end of each pin, each end cap having a projection extending to one side, the projection having a threaded hole and being fitted with a bolt secured to the side wall of the rod member adjacent the pin.

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