CN111155324B - Evaporation induction oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Evaporation induction oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111155324B
CN111155324B CN202010040616.7A CN202010040616A CN111155324B CN 111155324 B CN111155324 B CN 111155324B CN 202010040616 A CN202010040616 A CN 202010040616A CN 111155324 B CN111155324 B CN 111155324B
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evaporation
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CN111155324A (en
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马莹
俞巧琦
兰春桃
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Donghua University
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
    • D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/042—Acrylic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/04—Properties of the materials having electrical or magnetic properties
    • D06N2209/041—Conductive

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly high-efficiency conductive fabric coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises a one-dimensional conductive nano material and a water-based polymer matrix on a fabric substrate, and the one-dimensional conductive nano material is subjected to directional arrangement on the surface of the fabric substrate through evaporation induction and self-assembly. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating the fabric substrate; preparing a soaking solution of a one-dimensional conductive nano material and a water-based polymer matrix; soaking the fabric substrate in the soaking solution, taking out and drying, and carrying out evaporation induction self-assembly; repeating the previous steps as required to obtain a conductive fabric coating assembled for multiple times. The conductive fabric coating prepared by the invention has a fiber oriented arrangement structure, so that the conductivity and the electric-related electromagnetic shielding performance of the nano composite coating are greatly improved; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, the production cost is low, the thickness of the prepared coating has good controllability, and good stability and durability of the fabric coating can be realized.

Description

Evaporation induction oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coating materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembled efficient conductive fabric coating.
Background
The conductive nano coating is a functional coating which is cured or dried on a fabric substrate along with the development of modern science and technology, so that the functional coating has certain current conduction and point charge dissipation capacity, and the conductive nano coating plays a role in most of the induced carrier transportation in the surface area of the fabric substrate. The one-dimensional conductive nano material has excellent electrical property, mechanical property, nano effect and large length-diameter ratio, and the oriented arrangement of the one-dimensional conductive nano material shows excellent electrical conduction and energy storage performance. The self-assembly technology can allow the polymer chains to uniformly cover the surface of the inorganic nano material on the molecular scale through non-covalent interaction (including electrostatic force, hydrogen bonds, host-guest and charge transfer interaction), and can realize the controllable structure construction of the nano material.
The structure optimization of the conductive nano coating of the fabric is realized by utilizing a self-assembly technology, the conductivity and the electrical correlation performance of the surface area of the fabric substrate can be greatly improved, and the technical requirements of modern engineering are met. The coating structure which is directionally arranged along the axial direction of the fiber can greatly improve the effective electronic conduction and the electromagnetic inductive loss of the surface of the fabric substrate. Usually, the alignment structure of the nano-coating is driven by external force (mechanical, electrical or magnetic). The inventors of the present invention prepared highly efficient conductive nanocoatings with directional alignment along the fiber axis by means of evaporation-induced self-assembly, by means of convective flow along the fiber axis by means of capillary force of the fabric substrate.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating and a preparation method thereof, so as to realize the construction of a high-conductivity and electromagnetic shielding coating on the surface of a fabric substrate with a complex structure.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly high efficiency conductive fabric coating, which is characterized in that the coating comprises a one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial on a fabric substrate and an aqueous polymer matrix, the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial is directionally arranged on the surface of the fabric substrate through evaporation-induced self-assembly, and rapid electron conduction in a structure can be realized through a shorter path and fewer nodes, so as to obtain high efficiency loss of electromagnetic waves.
Preferably, the fabric substrate is a fiber fabric material, and the one-dimensional conductive nano material is directionally arranged on the surface of the fabric substrate along the axial direction of the fiber; the one-dimensional conductive nano material is at least one of a carbon nano tube, a multi-wall carbon nano tube, an iron phosphide nano rod, a zinc oxide nano wire, a titanium dioxide nano tube, a silicon alkene nano belt and silicon carbide; the water-based polymer is at least one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylic acid and sodium alginate.
Preferably, the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial and the aqueous polymer are configured into an impregnating solution, the fabric substrate loads the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial and the aqueous polymer matrix by infiltration, the impregnating solution has accumulation tendency at the overlapping part between fibers, capillary traction along the axial direction of the fibers is generated, so that partial surfaces of the fibers are exposed, the evaporation rate of the liquid is obviously greater than that of a liquid-gas two-phase interface on a three-phase, namely a solid-liquid-gas contact line of an evaporation drying water drop, so that convection flow along the axial direction of the fibers in the liquid drop is formed, and the one-dimensional nanomaterial is driven to directionally move along the surfaces of the fibers and is fixed on each fiber in an array mode.
More preferably, the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial and the aqueous polymer matrix form a non-covalent bond interaction in the impregnating solution to drive aqueous polymer molecules to wrap the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial, so that negative charges on the surface of the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial are increased, and the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial is promoted to be uniformly and stably dispersed in the impregnating solution; meanwhile, a three-dimensional hydration network is formed by hydrophilic groups contained in the water-based polymer molecules and water molecules, so that the stability of the one-dimensional nano material dispersion liquid is further promoted.
Further, the non-covalent interaction includes any one or more of electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, host-guest, charge transfer and hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction. At the same time, the convective flow of the liquid during evaporation is controlled.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1): pretreating the fabric substrate;
step 2): preparing a soaking solution of a one-dimensional conductive nano material and a water-based polymer matrix;
step 3): soaking the fabric substrate in the soaking solution, taking out and drying, and carrying out evaporation induction self-assembly;
step 4): repeating step 3) at least once as required to obtain a plurality of assembled conductive fabric coatings.
Preferably, the step 1) is specifically: and (2) mixing the fabric substrate in a mass ratio of caustic soda to surfactant of 10: 1 at 60 ℃ for 2 hours.
Preferably, the concentration of the one-dimensional conductive nano material in the impregnating solution in the step 2) is 1-20 mg/mL, and the concentration of the water-based polymer in the impregnating solution is 1-10 mg/mL; the solvent adopted by the impregnating solution is any one or more of deionized water and polar solvent.
Preferably, in the step 3), the one-dimensional conductive nano material is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the fabric substrate with the help of a constant-temperature culture shaking table, and the soaking time is 5-60 min; and carrying out evaporation induction self-assembly in a constant-temperature oven for 10-120 min at the temperature of 25-110 ℃.
Preferably, the step 3) is repeated for 1-30 times in the step 4) to obtain the conductive fabric coatings with different thicknesses.
The conductive fabric coating prepared by the invention has a novel structure, namely a directional arrangement structure, and the conductivity of the coating is greatly improved; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, the production cost is low, the coating thickness has good controllability on the surface of the fabric, and the stability and the durability of the assembled coating are maintained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a new coating preparation technology on the basis of the traditional self-assembly method, thereby realizing the high-efficiency conductivity and the electrical correlation performance of the surface of a complex structure and the construction of an electromagnetic shielding coating;
2. the preparation method realizes the high-efficiency conductivity and the electric correlation performance of the one-dimensional conductive nano material by virtue of evaporation-induced self-assembly, realizes the stable construction of the coating by virtue of the capillary effect of the fabric substrate, the hydrophilic group and the high-viscosity stable dispersion function of the high-viscosity water-based polymer and the non-covalent bond interaction between the one-dimensional conductive nano material and the high-viscosity water-based polymer, and greatly improves the functions of the coating in the application field;
3. the preparation method is simple and time-saving, and the thickness of the prepared coating has good controllability on the surface of the fabric.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a coated fabric assembled for 1 cycle in example 1 using evaporation induction, capillary effect combined with fabric substrate and non-covalent bond interactions;
FIG. 2 is an SEM topography of individual fibers of the coated fabric of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM topography and FFT chart of the carbon nanotubes distributed on the surface of the fiber in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a SEM photograph of a coated fabric assembled for 5 cycles using evaporation induced alignment of example 1 and an FFT chart thereof;
FIG. 5 is an analysis of the orientation of the carbon nanotubes distributed on the surface of the fiber of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is the bulk conductivity of the 5 cycle coated fabric assembled using evaporation induced orientation alignment of example 1;
FIG. 7 is an isotropic aspect of the conductivity of the coated fabric assembled for 5 cycles using evaporation induced orientation alignment of example 1;
fig. 8 is an electromagnetic shielding performance of the X band of the coated fabric assembled for 5 cycles using evaporation induced alignment in example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
(1) The pretreatment of commercial non-woven fiber fabric comprises the following specific operation steps:
soaking a commercial non-woven fiber fabric in a mixed solution of 50mg/mL sodium hydroxide and 5mg/mL sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, carrying out alkali cooking for 2 hours at 60 ℃ to remove impurities on the surface of the fabric, washing the fabric for multiple times by deionized water after the alkali cooking treatment, and then putting the fabric into a constant-temperature oven to dry to prepare for subsequent operation;
(2) the preparation method of the carbon nano tube and sodium alginate suspension comprises the following specific operation steps:
mixing the 10mg/mL carbon nanotube solution and the 3mg/mL sodium alginate solution, dispersing for 30min by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and stably and uniformly dispersing the carbon nanotube by virtue of the high viscosity characteristic of the sodium alginate to obtain a carbon nanotube and sodium alginate suspension.
(3) The preparation method of the carbon nanotube and sodium alginate efficient conductive coating comprises the following specific operation steps:
dipping the pretreated commercial non-woven fiber fabric in the prepared suspension of the carbon nano tube and sodium alginate, shaking in a constant-temperature culture shaking table for 10min, and utilizing the capillary effect of the commercial non-woven fiber fabric to obtain the coating of the carbon nano tube suspension on the surface of the fiber; taking out and drying by a blast type oven, and obtaining the carbon nano tube and the coating fabric by utilizing the evaporation induction action of the blast type oven.
(4) Multilayer preparation of carbon tube directional arrangement high-efficiency conductive coating
And (3) repeating the steps (2) and (3) for 1 cycle, and assembling the non-woven fiber fabric substrate for 5 cycles to form a high-efficiency conductive film (carbon nano tube/sodium alginate), namely the high-efficiency conductive coated fabric.
The resistivity of the high-efficiency conductive coating prepared in example 1 was tested, and the overall conductivity of the 5-cycle coated fabric was tested as follows:
the surface resistance of the carbon nanotube directionally arranged coating fabric is continuously reduced along with the increase of the assembly period, which shows that the conductivity of the fabric is continuously increased. The surface electric conduction performance of the carbon nanotube oriented arrangement coating fabric with 5 periods is 9.9 omega/sq, and the electric conduction performance is similar to that of commercial carbon cloth (11.3 omega/sq);
the high-efficiency conductive coated fabric prepared in example 1 is subjected to an isotropic performance test of conductivity, and the test result of 5 cycles is as follows through a current-voltage (I-V) curve method:
the current-voltage (I-V) curve of the 5-period carbon nanotube aligned coated fabric shows that the characteristic curves of the coated fabric in two mutually perpendicular directions show similar ohmic conductive behaviors between metal electrodes under a given voltage condition, which proves the isotropic characteristic of the conductivity of the coated fabric.
The carbon nanotube oriented arrangement coating fabric prepared in example 1 was subjected to an X-band (8.2 to 12.4GHz) electromagnetic shielding performance test by a waveguide method, and the shielding performance of the carbon nanotube oriented arrangement coating fabric increased with the increase of the assembly period, and the shielding performance of the carbon nanotube oriented arrangement coating fabric reached 21.5dB in 5 assembly periods.
Example 2
(1) The pretreatment of commercial non-woven fiber fabric comprises the following specific operation steps:
soaking a fabric substrate in a mixed solution of 50mg/mL sodium hydroxide and 5mg/mL sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, carrying out alkali boiling for 2 hours at 60 ℃ to remove impurities on the surface of the fabric, washing the fabric substrate for multiple times by using deionized water after the alkali boiling treatment, and then putting the fabric substrate into a constant-temperature oven to dry the fabric substrate to prepare for subsequent operation;
(2) the preparation method of the carbon nano tube and polyvinyl alcohol suspension comprises the following specific operation steps:
mixing the 10mg/mL carbon nanotube solution with the 10mg/mL polyvinyl alcohol solution, dispersing for 60min by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and stably and uniformly dispersing the carbon nanotubes by virtue of the high viscosity characteristic of polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a carbon nanotube and polyvinyl alcohol suspension.
(3) The preparation method of the carbon nano tube high-efficiency conductive coating comprises the following specific operation steps:
dipping the pretreated commercial non-woven fiber fabric into the prepared suspension of the carbon nano tube and the polyvinyl alcohol, shaking in a constant-temperature culture shaking table for 10min, and utilizing the capillary effect of the commercial non-woven fiber fabric to obtain the coating of the carbon nano tube suspension on the surface of the fiber; taking out and drying by a blast type oven, and obtaining the carbon nano tube and polyvinyl alcohol coating fabric by utilizing the evaporation induction action of the blast type oven.
(4) Multilayer preparation of high-efficiency conductive coating with carbon nano tube oriented arrangement
And (3) repeating the steps (2) and (3) for 1 cycle, and assembling a plurality of cycles on a commercial non-woven fiber fabric substrate to form a high-efficiency conductive film (carbon nano tube/polyvinyl alcohol), namely obtaining the high-efficiency conductive coating fabric.
Example 3
(1) The pretreatment of commercial non-woven fiber fabric comprises the following specific operation steps:
soaking a fabric substrate in a mixed solution of 50mg/mL sodium hydroxide and 5mg/mL sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, carrying out alkali boiling for 2 hours at 60 ℃ to remove impurities on the surface of the fabric, washing the fabric substrate for multiple times by using deionized water after the alkali boiling treatment, and then putting the fabric substrate into a constant-temperature oven to dry the fabric substrate to prepare for subsequent operation;
(2) the preparation method of the silver nanowire and sodium alginate suspension comprises the following specific operation steps:
mixing the silver nanowire solution with the concentration of 1mg/mL and the sodium alginate solution with the concentration of 3mg/mL, and dispersing for 30min by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine to obtain the silver nanowire and sodium alginate suspension with high viscosity.
(3) The preparation method of the silver nanowire high-efficiency conductive coating comprises the following specific operation steps:
dipping the pretreated commercial non-woven fiber fabric in the prepared suspension of the silver nanowires and sodium alginate, shaking in a constant-temperature culture shaking table for 10min, and obtaining the coating of the silver nanowire suspension on the fiber surface by utilizing the capillary effect of the commercial non-woven fiber fabric; and taking out the silver nanowire coated fabric, drying the silver nanowire coated fabric by using a blast type oven, and obtaining the silver nanowire coated fabric by using the evaporation induction effect of the blast type oven.
(4) Multilayer preparation of silver nanowire oriented arrangement efficient conductive coating
And (3) repeating the steps (2) and (3) for 1 cycle, and assembling a plurality of cycles on the commercial non-woven fiber fabric substrate to form the high-efficiency conductive film (silver nanowire/sodium alginate), namely the high-efficiency conductive coating fabric.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): pretreating the fabric substrate;
step 2): preparing a soaking solution of a one-dimensional conductive nano material and a water-based polymer matrix; the one-dimensional conductive nano material is at least one of a carbon nano tube, an iron phosphide nano rod, a zinc oxide nano wire, a titanium dioxide nano tube, a silicon alkene nano belt and silicon carbide; the water-based polymer is polyvinyl alcohol or sodium alginate; the concentration of the one-dimensional conductive nano material in the impregnating solution is 1-20 mg/mL, and the concentration of the water-based polymer in the impregnating solution is 1-10 mg/mL;
step 3): soaking the fabric substrate in the soaking solution, and uniformly dispersing the one-dimensional conductive nano material on the surface of the fabric substrate with the help of a constant-temperature culture shaking table, wherein the soaking time is 5-60 min; then taking out and drying, and carrying out evaporation induction self-assembly in a constant-temperature oven for 10-120 min at the temperature of 25-110 ℃;
step 4): repeating the step 3) at least once as required to obtain a conductive fabric coating assembled for many times;
the evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly high-efficiency conductive fabric coating comprises a one-dimensional conductive nano material and a water-based polymer matrix on a fabric substrate, and the one-dimensional conductive nano material is directionally arranged on the surface of the fabric substrate along the axial direction of fibers through evaporation-induced self-assembly; the one-dimensional conductive nano material and the water-based polymer are prepared into an impregnating solution, the fabric substrate loads the one-dimensional conductive nano material and the water-based polymer matrix by impregnation, and the impregnating solution tends to be accumulated at the overlapped part between fibers to generate capillary traction along the axial direction of the fibers, so that the partial surface of the fibers is exposed.
2. The method for preparing an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembled efficient conductive fabric coating according to claim 1, wherein the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial and the aqueous polymer matrix form a non-covalent interaction in the immersion liquid to drive aqueous polymer molecules to wrap the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial, thereby increasing negative charges on the surface of the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial and promoting uniform and stable dispersion of the one-dimensional conductive nanomaterial in the immersion liquid; meanwhile, a three-dimensional hydration network is formed by hydrophilic groups contained in the water-based polymer molecules and water molecules, so that the stability of the one-dimensional nano material dispersion liquid is further promoted.
3. The method for preparing an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembled efficient conductive fabric coating according to claim 2, wherein the non-covalent interaction comprises any one or more of electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, host-guest, charge transfer and hydrophilic/hydrophobic interaction.
4. The preparation method of the evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly high-efficiency conductive fabric coating according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) is specifically as follows: and (2) mixing the fabric substrate in a mass ratio of caustic soda to surfactant of 10: 1 at 60 ℃ for 2 hours.
5. The method for preparing an evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating according to claim 1, wherein the solvent adopted by the impregnating solution in the step 2) is a polar solvent.
6. The preparation method of the evaporation-induced oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) is repeated 1-30 times in the step 4) to obtain conductive fabric coatings with different thicknesses.
CN202010040616.7A 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 Evaporation induction oriented self-assembly efficient conductive fabric coating and preparation method thereof Active CN111155324B (en)

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