CN111154984A - Method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag - Google Patents
Method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag Download PDFInfo
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- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag. Adding high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a smelting furnace, and smelting at 1000-1100 ℃; volatilizing arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide generated by smelting into smoke dust; copper and lead are sulfurized into sulfide and precipitated at the bottom of the furnace to form lead copper matte; completing the separation of arsenic; oxidizing lead sulfide in the obtained lead matte into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; the separation of lead from copper is completed. The method has the advantages of short flow, high treatment efficiency, no direct contact between harmful substances and human in the whole treatment process, and greatly reduced harmfulness. And no extra reagent is consumed, so that copper, lead and arsenic can be well separated, and the recovery rate is high. The method realizes the high-efficiency separation of each element in the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag under the conditions of low cost, low consumption, short flow and no pollution, and has good social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting. In particular to a method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag.
Background
In the lead smelting process, arsenic and copper in lead concentrate can be enriched into lead matte and arsenic matte, and in the process of converting crude copper from the lead matte and the arsenic matte by a pyrogenic process, a high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag can be formed, the main components of the slag comprise 20-35% of Pb, 6-20% of Cu and 7-12% of As, the slag contains a large amount of lead, arsenic and copper, and the components are complex and cannot be directly utilized. The direct stacking not only causes resource waste, but also causes a large influence on the environment by the toxic element arsenic.
The method for treating the copper slag comprises the steps of returning high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to a batching system to be matched with copper scum for smelting, and producing lead copper matte and arsenic copper matte again, wherein the method does not discard the copper slag, but the copper slag is repeatedly and circularly accumulated in a smelting system, the produced crude lead and crude copper have high impurity content, the subsequent use is seriously influenced, and toxic element arsenic in the crude lead and crude copper cannot be effectively removed; the slag is also put into a solvent for leaching and electrodeposition treatment, single elements in the slag can be separated through leaching and electrolysis, but the dosage of used reagent is large, a large amount of waste water solution is generated, secondary pollution waste is generated, meanwhile, the large consumption of resources and energy sources is also completed, the treatment cost is improved, and the recovery benefit is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the technical problems that: the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag has complex components and contains a toxic element arsenic, so that the lead and the arsenic in the copper slag cannot be effectively separated in the prior art, the resource and energy consumption in the separation process is high, and the resource recovery benefit is reduced.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag. The method has the advantages of short flow, high treatment efficiency, no direct contact between harmful substances and human in the whole treatment process, and greatly reduced harmfulness. But also can better separate copper, lead and arsenic, has higher recovery rate and has good social and economic benefits.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme
A method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a smelting furnace to be smelted at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃; volatilizing arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide generated by smelting into smoke dust; copper and lead are sulfurized into sulfide and precipitated at the bottom of the furnace to form lead copper matte; completing the separation of arsenic;
(2) oxidizing lead sulfide in the lead matte obtained in the step (1) into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; the separation of lead from copper is completed.
Further, when the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and the auxiliary materials are added in the step (1), pure oxygen (with the concentration being more than 99.0%) and natural gas are introduced through an oxygen lance of the smelting furnace, wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (1.7-2.0): 1.
further, pure oxygen and natural gas are introduced into the oxygen lance of the smelting furnace in the smelting process in the step (2), wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (2.0-2.5): 1.
further, the auxiliary materials in the step (1) comprise pyrite and quartz stone;
the total mass of the added pyrite is 15-40% of the total mass of the added high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, and the total mass of the added quartz stone is 0-4% of the total mass of the added high-lead high-arsenic copper slag.
Further, the adding mode of the pyrite is as follows: continuously adding 50-80% of pyrite, the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and the quartz stone in the first 2 hours of feeding into the smelting furnace; and then, independently and continuously adding the residual pyrite into the smelting furnace within 0.5-1 hour.
Further, the quartz stone is added in an amount that Fe and SiO in the obtained high-lead slag2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.0 to 1.5.
Further, after the lead matte is smelted for 0.5-1.0 hour in the step (2), high-lead slag begins to be discharged.
Further, in the smelting process, the pressure of the flue gas outlet of the smelting furnace is controlled to be below-10 Pa.
The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag comprises the following steps:
(1) continuously adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, the quartz stone and the first part of pyrite into a smelting furnace for smelting within the first 2 hours according to the required proportion; in the process, pure oxygen and natural gas are continuously introduced from an oxygen lance of the smelting furnace, wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (1.7-2.0): 1;
(2) after the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, the quartz stone and the first part of pyrite are completely added in the step (1), separately and continuously adding a second part of pyrite into the smelting furnace, wherein the second part of pyrite is completely added within 0.5-1 hour; in the process, pure oxygen and natural gas are continuously introduced from an oxygen lance of the smelting furnace, wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (1.7-2.0): 1;
volatilizing arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide generated by smelting, recovering the arsenic trioxide and the arsenic sulfide in smoke dust through a smoke outlet, vulcanizing copper and lead into sulfide, and precipitating at the bottom of the furnace to form lead copper matte;
(3) after the second part of pyrite in the step (2) is completely added, adjusting the volume ratio of oxygen to natural gas in pure oxygen introduced into an oxygen lance at the bottom of the smelting furnace to be (2.0-2.5): 1, smelting lead matte; and (3) discharging high-lead slag formed after smelting for 0.5-1 hour from a slag hole, and precipitating low-lead copper matte at the bottom of the furnace.
Further, the total mass of the added pyrite in the step (1) is 15-40% of the total mass of the added high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag, the percentage of the first part of pyrite in the total mass of the added pyrite is 50-80%, and the rest is the second part of pyrite; the adding amount of the quartz stone is 0-4% of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive beneficial effects
The method is adopted to smelt the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag, materials do not need to be pretreated before smelting, and the materials are directly put into a furnace for smelting, so that the consumption of each resource in the pretreatment process is saved;
in the smelting process, arsenic is reduced into arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide through reduction, the arsenic trioxide and the arsenic sulfide enter smoke dust and are discharged from a smoke outlet, and the arsenic is separated and recovered; then oxidizing the lead matte to oxidize the lead into high lead slag, and separating and recovering the lead. The separation of arsenic, lead and copper is completed by one-time smelting of the smelting furnace, the smelting process is very short, the resource consumption is low, the recovery of all metal elements in the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is realized at one time, and no waste is generated. Obviously reduces the production cost and has good social and economic benefits.
The method can effectively recover valuable metal lead, most of lead can be enriched in slag to form high-lead slag for a lead system to recover the metal lead, lead is prevented from being dispersed into ash, slag or lead copper matte (which brings difficulty to lead recovery), and arsenic in the lead is also efficiently separated in the initial smelting reduction process; the method can separate more than 96% of arsenic from lead copper matte, and more than 95% of lead and copper can be separated in the process of producing low-lead copper matte, so that the high-efficiency separation of each element in the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is realized under the conditions of low cost, low consumption, short flow and no pollution.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to facilitate understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention. But are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a smelting furnace to be smelted at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: after the smelting furnace is opened, continuously adding the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, the first part of pyrite and quartz stone materials into the smelting furnace for 2 hours to complete the addition of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, the first part of pyrite and quartz stone;
b: then, independently adding a second part of pyrite into the furnace, and completely adding the second part of pyrite within 0.5-1 hour;
in the whole process of the step (1), feeding is started from the inside of the furnace until the second part of pyrite is completely added, a pure oxygen (the concentration is more than 99.0%) and natural gas are continuously introduced into an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace, and the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas in the pure oxygen is kept to be (1.7-2.0): 1.
in the process, arsenic in the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is converted into arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide through smelting, the arsenic trioxide and the arsenic sulfide are volatilized into smoke dust, and the smoke dust is discharged from a smoke outlet and is recovered; copper and part of lead are vulcanized into sulfide, and the precipitates are collected at the bottom of the furnace to form lead copper matte; completing the separation of arsenic; the main reaction process is as follows:
3Pb3(AsO4)2+11FeS＝9PbS+3As2O3↑+11FeO+2SO2↑
3Pb3(AsO4)2+20FeS＝9PbS+3As2S3↑+20FeO+2SO2↑
3Cu3(AsO4)2+11FeS＝9CuS+3As2O3↑+11FeO+2SO2↑
3Cu3(AsO4)2+20FeS＝9CuS+3As2S3↑+20FeO+2SO2↑
(2) oxidizing lead sulfide in the lead matte obtained at the bottom of the smelting furnace in the step (1) into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; completing the separation of lead and copper; the method comprises the following specific steps:
after the second part of pyrite is completely added in the step b, adjusting the volume ratio of oxygen to natural gas in the gas introduced by the oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace to be (2.0-2.5): 1;
smelting for 0.5-1 hour under the gas condition and at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃; then discharging the formed high lead slag from a slag hole of a smelting furnace, and discharging the low lead copper matte formed at the bottom from a copper matte hole at the bottom of the smelting furnace; namely, the separation of lead and copper is completed;
during smelting, lead sulfide in lead matte at the bottom of a molten pool is oxidized into lead oxide and floats to slag, and high lead slag is formed together with lead oxide which is not vulcanized in the step (1), is discharged from a slag opening of the smelting furnace and can return to a lead system to recover lead metal; the lead copper matte is removed to form low lead copper matte, and the low lead copper matte is discharged from a copper matte port of the smelting furnace and is blown to produce crude copper, so that the separation of lead and copper is completed. The main reaction process is as follows:
and (3) low-lead matte reaction:
4CuS＝Cu2S+S2↑
PbO+FeS＝PbS+FeO
Cu2O+FeS＝Cu2S+FeO
Cu2O+PbS＝Cu2S+PbO
2PbS+3O2＝2PbO+2SO2↑
xPbS+yFeS+zCu2S＝xPbS·yFeS·zCu2S
high lead slag making reaction:
2PbS+3O2＝2PbO+2SO2↑
FeO+SiO2＝FeO·SiO2
PbO+SiO2＝PbO·SiO2
further, in the above process, in the step (1), the total mass of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite accounts for 15-40% of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, and the percentage of the first part of pyrite accounts for 50-80% of the total mass of added pyrite (the total mass of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite).
The adding amount of the quartz stone accounts for 0-4% of the total mass of the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, the quartz stone is added according to actual needs, and Fe and SiO in the high-lead slag obtained by smelting are controlled2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.0 to 1.5.
Furthermore, in the smelting process, the pressure of the flue gas outlet is controlled to be below-10 Pa, such as-10 Pa, -15Pa, -20Pa, -25Pa, -30Pa and the like, so that the flue gas containing arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide generated in the smelting process can be better extracted.
Typically, the soot obtained in the process contains As: 30-50%; the high lead slag contains 25-50% of lead, Fe and SiO2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.0-1.5; the low-lead matte contains less than or equal to 8% of Pb and Cu: 50～70％、As≤1％。
Therefore, the lead, arsenic and copper in the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag are efficiently separated and recovered under the conditions of no extra reagent consumption, no complex procedure of pretreatment and extremely low waste generation. Low production cost, simple treatment process, no pollution and good social and economic benefits. The smelting furnace according to the invention is a bottom blowing smelting furnace or a side blowing smelting furnace, which are well known to the person skilled in the art.
The present invention is explained in detail below by means of specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is copper slag generated in the process of producing crude copper by converting lead matte and arsenic matte, and the components of the copper slag are Pb: 20-35%, As: 7-12%, Cu: 6-20%.
A method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a bottom-blowing smelting furnace to be smelted at 1050 ℃; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: after the smelting furnace is opened, in the first 2 hours, the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated and the first part of pyrite are metered by a constant feeder and continuously added into the bottom-blowing smelting furnace through a belt, so that the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated and the first part of pyrite are added;
b: then, a second part of pyrite is added into the furnace within the 3 rd hour, and the time for completely adding the second part of pyrite is 0.6 hour; (i.e., the total addition takes 2.6 hours, the first 2 hours for the addition of the mix, and the last 0.6 hours for the separate addition of the second portion of pyrite);
in the whole process of the step (1), during feeding into the furnace, continuously introducing pure oxygen (with the concentration being more than 99.0%) and natural gas into an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace, and keeping the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas to be 1.8: 1 and an oxygen flow of 324m3The flow rate of natural gas is 180m3H; during the period, the negative pressure of the flue gas outlet of the furnace kiln is controlled below-10 Pa to ensure the dearsenificationThe effect is achieved;
in the step (1), the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite accounts for 30 percent of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, and the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite (the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite) accounts for 50 percent of the total mass of the added pyrite.
(2) Oxidizing lead sulfide in the lead matte obtained at the bottom of the smelting furnace in the step (1) into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; completing the separation of lead and copper; the method comprises the following specific steps:
after the second part of pyrite is completely added in the step b, adjusting pure oxygen and natural gas introduced by an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is adjusted to be 2.4: 1, and the oxygen flow is 360m3Per, natural gas flow rate of 150m3/h；
Controlling the furnace temperature at 1050 ℃, discharging high lead slag from a slag hole of a smelting furnace after blowing for 1 hour, and discharging low lead copper matte formed at the bottom from a copper matte hole at the bottom of the smelting furnace; namely, the separation of lead and copper is completed; after the high lead slag is cooled and crushed, transferring the high lead slag to a lead system to recover metal lead; and cooling and crushing the low-lead copper matte, and transferring the low-lead copper matte to a converting furnace for converting to produce qualified blister copper.
The low lead matte assay result in the process is as follows: pb: 6%, Cu: 65%, As: 0.8 percent. Based on the calculation, when the low-lead copper matte is produced from the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag, the arsenic removal rate is 97.4 percent, and the lead removal rate is 95.75 percent.
Example 2
The high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is copper slag generated in the process of producing crude copper by converting lead matte and arsenic matte, and the components of the copper slag are Pb: 20-35%, As: 7-12%, Cu: 6-20%.
A method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a bottom-blowing smelting furnace to be smelted at 1050 ℃; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: after the smelting furnace is opened, in the first 2 hours, the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated and the first part of pyrite are metered by a constant feeder and continuously added into the bottom-blowing smelting furnace through a belt, so that the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated and the first part of pyrite are added;
b: then, a second part of pyrite is added into the furnace within the 3 rd hour, and the time for completely adding the second part of pyrite is 1.0 hour; (i.e., the feeding process takes 3.0 hours, the first 2 hours are used for adding the mixture, and the last 1 hour is used for separately adding the second part of pyrite);
during the whole process of the step (1) of feeding materials into the furnace, continuously introducing pure oxygen and natural gas into an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace, and keeping the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas to be 1.8: 1 and an oxygen flow of 324m3The flow rate of natural gas is 180m3H; during the period, the negative pressure of the flue gas outlet of the furnace kiln is controlled below-10 Pa, so that the arsenic removal effect is ensured;
in the step (1), the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite accounts for 25 percent of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, and the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite (the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite) accounts for 50 percent of the total mass of the added pyrite.
(2) Oxidizing lead sulfide in the lead matte obtained at the bottom of the smelting furnace in the step (1) into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; completing the separation of lead and copper; the method comprises the following specific steps:
after the second part of pyrite is completely added in the step b, adjusting pure oxygen and natural gas introduced by an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is adjusted to be 2.2: 1 and oxygen flow rate of 352m3Per, natural gas flow rate of 160m3/h；
Controlling the furnace temperature at 1050 ℃, discharging high-lead slag from a slag hole of a smelting furnace after blowing for 0.5 hour, and discharging low-lead copper matte formed at the bottom from a copper matte hole at the bottom of the smelting furnace; namely, the separation of lead and copper is completed; after the high lead slag is cooled and crushed, transferring the high lead slag to a lead system to recover metal lead; and cooling and crushing the low-lead copper matte, and transferring the low-lead copper matte to a converting furnace for converting to produce qualified blister copper.
The low lead matte assay result in the process is as follows: pb: 7%, Cu: 63%, As: 1.0 percent. Based on the calculation, when the low-lead copper matte is produced from the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag, the arsenic removal rate is 96.8 percent, and the lead removal rate is 95.04 percent.
Example 3
The high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is copper slag generated in the process of producing crude copper by converting lead matte and arsenic matte, and the components of the copper slag are Pb: 20-35%, As: 7-12%, Cu: 6-20%.
A method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a bottom-blowing smelting furnace to be smelted at 1050 ℃; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: after the smelting furnace is opened, in the first 2 hours, the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, the first part of pyrite and the quartz stone are metered by a quantitative feeder and are continuously added into the bottom-blowing smelting furnace through a belt, so that the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag to be treated and the first part of pyrite are added;
b: then, a second part of pyrite is added into the furnace within the 3 rd hour, and the time for completely adding the second part of pyrite is 0.8 hour; (i.e., the feeding process takes 2.8 hours, the first 2 hours are used for adding the mixture, and the last 0.8 hours are used for separately adding the second part of pyrite);
during the whole process of the step (1) of feeding materials into the furnace, continuously introducing pure oxygen and natural gas into an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace, and keeping the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas to be 1.8: 1 and an oxygen flow of 324m3The flow rate of natural gas is 180m3H; during the period, the negative pressure of the flue gas outlet of the furnace kiln is controlled below-10 Pa, so that the arsenic removal effect is ensured;
in the step (1), the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite accounts for 35 percent of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag to be treated, and the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite (the sum of the first part of pyrite and the second part of pyrite) accounts for 70 percent of the total mass of the added pyrite; the addition amount of the quartz stone is 1 percent of the total mass of the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag;
(2) oxidizing lead sulfide in the lead matte obtained at the bottom of the smelting furnace in the step (1) into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; completing the separation of lead and copper; the method comprises the following specific steps:
after the second part of pyrite is completely added in the step b, adjusting pure oxygen and natural gas introduced by an oxygen lance at the bottom of the furnace to ensure that the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is adjusted to be 2.5: 1 and an oxygen flow of 362m3H, natural gas flow rate of 145m3/h；
Controlling the furnace temperature at 1050 ℃, discharging high lead slag from a slag hole of a smelting furnace after blowing for 1 hour, and discharging low lead copper matte formed at the bottom from a copper matte hole at the bottom of the smelting furnace; namely, the separation of lead and copper is completed; after the high lead slag is cooled and crushed, transferring the high lead slag to a lead system to recover metal lead; and cooling and crushing the low-lead copper matte, and transferring the low-lead copper matte to a converting furnace for converting to produce qualified blister copper.
The low lead matte assay result in the process is as follows: pb: 5%, Cu: 66%, As: 0.7 percent. Based on the calculation, when the low-lead matte is produced from the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag, the arsenic removal rate is 97.5 percent, and the lead removal rate is 96.45 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and auxiliary materials into a smelting furnace to be smelted at the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃; volatilizing arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide generated by smelting into smoke dust; copper and lead are sulfurized into sulfide and precipitated at the bottom of the furnace to form lead copper matte; completing the separation of arsenic;
(2) oxidizing lead sulfide in the lead matte obtained in the step (1) into lead oxide to form high-lead slag for recycling; blowing the low-lead matte remained at the bottom of the furnace to form crude copper; the separation of lead from copper is completed.
2. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 1, wherein when the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and the auxiliary materials are added in the step (1), pure oxygen and natural gas are introduced through an oxygen lance of a smelting furnace, wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (1.7-2.0): 1.
3. the method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 1, wherein pure oxygen and natural gas are introduced into an oxygen lance of a smelting furnace in the smelting process in the step (2), wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (2.0-2.5): 1.
4. the method for separating lead and arsenic from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auxiliary materials in the step (1) comprise pyrite and quartz;
the total mass of the added pyrite is 15-40% of the total mass of the added high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, and the total mass of the added quartz stone is 0-4% of the total mass of the added high-lead high-arsenic copper slag.
5. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 4, wherein the adding mode of pyrite is as follows: continuously adding 50-80% of pyrite, the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag and the quartz stone in the first 2 hours of feeding into the smelting furnace;
and then, independently and continuously adding the residual pyrite into the smelting furnace within 0.5-1 hour.
6. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper in high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 4, wherein the quartz stone is added in an amount that Fe and SiO in the obtained high-lead slag2The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.0 to 1.5.
7. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 1, wherein the high-lead slag is discharged after the lead matte is smelted for 0.5-1.0 hour in the step (2).
8. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of a flue gas outlet of a smelting furnace is controlled to be below-10 Pa in the smelting process.
9. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from high-lead high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) continuously adding the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, the quartz stone and the first part of pyrite into a smelting furnace for smelting within the first 2 hours according to the required proportion; in the process, pure oxygen and natural gas are continuously introduced from an oxygen lance of the smelting furnace, wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (1.7-2.0): 1;
(2) after the high-lead high-arsenic copper slag, the quartz stone and the first part of pyrite are completely added in the step (1), separately and continuously adding a second part of pyrite into the smelting furnace, wherein the second part of pyrite is completely added within 0.5-1 hour; in the process, pure oxygen and natural gas are continuously introduced from an oxygen lance of the smelting furnace, wherein the volume ratio of the oxygen to the natural gas is (1.7-2.0): 1;
volatilizing arsenic trioxide and arsenic sulfide generated by smelting, recovering the arsenic trioxide and the arsenic sulfide in smoke dust through a smoke outlet, vulcanizing copper and lead into sulfide, and precipitating at the bottom of the furnace to form lead copper matte;
(3) after the second part of pyrite in the step (2) is completely added, adjusting the volume ratio of oxygen to natural gas in pure oxygen introduced into an oxygen lance at the bottom of the smelting furnace to be (2.0-2.5): 1, smelting lead matte; and (3) discharging high-lead slag formed after smelting for 0.5-1 hour from a slag hole, and precipitating low-lead copper matte at the bottom of the furnace.
10. The method for separating lead, arsenic and copper from the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag according to claim 9, wherein the total mass of the added pyrite in the step (1) is 15-40% of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag, the percentage of the first part of pyrite in the total mass of the added pyrite is 50-80%, and the balance is the second part of pyrite; the adding amount of the quartz stone is 0-4% of the total mass of the high-lead and high-arsenic copper slag.
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