CN111153793B - Toughening agent and preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Toughening agent and preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111153793B CN111153793B CN202010165545.3A CN202010165545A CN111153793B CN 111153793 B CN111153793 B CN 111153793B CN 202010165545 A CN202010165545 A CN 202010165545A CN 111153793 B CN111153793 B CN 111153793B
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- reaction
- fatty acid
- unsaturated fatty
- methyl eleostearate
- toughening agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/353—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/08—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
- C07C51/412—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a toughening agent, which comprises the following steps: (1) addition reaction: carrying out Diels-Alder addition reaction on unsaturated fatty acid ester and unsaturated hydrocarbon acid to prepare an unsaturated fatty acid ester-unsaturated hydrocarbon acid adduct; (2) saponification and metathesis reaction: the unsaturated fatty acid ester-unsaturated hydrocarbon acid adduct is saponified with an inorganic base, followed by metathesis to produce an unsaturated fatty acid-based carboxylate. The advantages are that: the long-chain structure of the unsaturated fatty acid carboxylate is utilized to improve the phase interface of the inorganic-organic material, thereby improving the impact resistance of the fireproof material. The branched structure of the unsaturated fatty acid carboxylate improves the stability of the unsaturated fatty acid carboxylate, and solves the problem of durability of the plate in the use process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a toughening agent and a preparation method and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fireproof material processing.
Background
With the national emphasis on fire safety in interior decoration, class a fire-retardant decorative materials are prescribed in more and more public gathering places. In the existing decorative boards, solid wood and other organic materials are mostly adopted as decorative plane materials no matter single materials or composite materials, although the decorative effect is very ideal, the decorative board cannot meet the decorative places with A-grade fireproof requirements. Therefore, the grade-A fireproof board can only be made of inorganic boards, which are made of magnesium, calcium or siliceous materials as main cementing materials and loose short fibers such as inorganic mineral fibers and plant fibers as reinforcing materials through pulping, molding and curing reaction to form a gel. The addition of organic fillers such as sawdust, rice hulls, crop straws and the like can reduce the volume weight of the product and improve the heat insulation performance of the product, but due to the obvious difference between the organic fillers and inorganic cementing materials in physical and chemical properties, the balance and impact strength of the product are weak in the using process, and the comprehensive requirements of fire resistance and high strength cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent for a fireproof material, aiming at overcoming the defect that the existing fireproof material (especially an A-grade fireproof material) cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of fire resistance and high strength, and preparing an auxiliary agent capable of being used for processing a decorative plate of the fireproof material so as to improve the impact strength and the bending strength of the fireproof material.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of the toughening agent comprises the following steps:
(1) addition reaction: carrying out Diels-Alder addition reaction on unsaturated fatty acid ester and unsaturated hydrocarbon acid to prepare an unsaturated fatty acid ester-unsaturated hydrocarbon acid adduct;
(2) saponification and metathesis reaction: the unsaturated fatty acid ester-unsaturated hydrocarbon acid adduct is saponified with an inorganic base, followed by metathesis to prepare an unsaturated fatty acid based carboxylate.
The unsaturated hydrocarbon acid is an alkenoic or alkynoic acid, preferably undecylenic acid, capable of acting as a dienophile in a Diels-Alder addition reaction. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other organic materials capable of acting as dienophiles in a Diels-Alder addition reaction may also be used herein.
The unsaturated fatty acid ester is an unsaturated fatty acid ester capable of serving as a diene in a Diels-Alder addition reaction, and is preferably methyl eleostearate. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other organic materials capable of acting as diene compounds in a Diels-Alder addition reaction may also be used herein.
The inorganic base may be potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
The addition reaction in the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps: methyl eleostearate and undecylenic acid are dissolved in xylene under the protection of inert gas, added into a reaction container and reacted for 4-12 hours at 130-180 ℃. The inert gas is chemical inactive gas such as nitrogen, helium and the like.
The mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the undecylenic acid is 1: 0.1-1: 1.
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above addition reaction may also be carried out in other ways, particularly suitable for commercial production.
The saponification and double decomposition reaction in the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps: dissolving a methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and sodium hydroxide by absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a reaction container, reacting for 2-4 hours at 50-70 ℃, then dropwise adding a calcium chloride solution dissolved by the absolute ethyl alcohol to perform double decomposition reaction, and after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuously stirring for 0.25-0.75 hour to obtain a product.
The mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the sodium hydroxide is 1: 0.5-1: 5; the mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the calcium chloride is 1: 0.1-1: 5.
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the saponification and metathesis reactions described above may also be carried out in other ways, particularly suitable for commercial production.
In addition, the invention also provides unsaturated fatty acid carboxylate prepared by the method and application of the unsaturated fatty acid carboxylate as a toughening agent of a fireproof material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the Diels-Alder addition reaction is carried out by adopting a biological grease base raw material with a long chain such as methyl eleostearate and undecylenic acid, so that the original unstable double bond structure on the long chain structure is eliminated, the stable carboxylate with both cyclic and branched structures is obtained, the phase interface of an inorganic-organic material is improved, and the long-acting stabilizing effect on the fireproof material in the processing and using processes can be realized.
2) The carbon-carbon single bond on the long carbon chain endows the internal rotation of the branched chain structure, so that the affinity to inorganic and organic two-phase structures is ensured, the generated molecular structure of tung oil-based carboxylate has a ring structure, the performance of absorbing and dispersing impact energy is naturally superior to that of a common micromolecule toughening agent, and the structure of the polycarboxyl on the molecular chain provides a chemical basis for the stability of a gelling system. The two have synergistic effect to effectively improve the bending resistance and the impact resistance of the fireproof material.
3) The preparation method is simple and convenient, the operation is simple, and the obtained product has good comprehensive modification effect.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: dissolving methyl eleostearate and undecylenic acid in xylene under the protection of nitrogen, adding the mixture into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacting for 4-12 hours at 130-180 ℃, and performing suction filtration, washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving a methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and sodium hydroxide by absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, performing saponification reaction at 50-70 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 2-4 hours, dropwise adding a calcium chloride solution dissolved by the absolute ethyl alcohol, after the metathesis reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate flexibilizer.
The mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the undecylenic acid is 1: 0.1-1: 1; the mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the sodium hydroxide is 1: 0.5-1: 5; the mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the calcium chloride is 1: 0.1-1: 5.
example 1
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 50g of undecylenic acid in 300ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of nitrogen, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser tube, reacting for 8 hours at 170 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving the addition compound of methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid and 50g of sodium hydroxide by 300ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 60 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 3 hours, dropwise adding a solution formed by dissolving 100g of calcium chloride by 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Example 2
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 10g of undecylenic acid in 300ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of nitrogen, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacting for 8 hours at 170 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and 250g of sodium hydroxide by 500ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask provided with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 60 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 3 hours, dropwise adding 50g of calcium chloride solution dissolved by 100ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Example 3
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 100g of undecylenic acid in 400ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of helium, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser tube, reacting for 4 hours at 180 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving the addition compound of methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid and 150g of sodium hydroxide by 400ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the addition compound of methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid and sodium hydroxide into a four-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 60 ℃, reacting for 3 hours, after the saponification reaction is finished, dropwise adding 100g of calcium chloride solution dissolved by 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuously stirring for half an hour, finishing the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Example 4
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 50g of undecylenic acid in 300ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of nitrogen, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser tube, reacting for 10 hours at 150 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving a methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and 50g of sodium hydroxide by 300ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask provided with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 50 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 4 hours, dropwise adding 200g of calcium chloride solution dissolved by 400ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Example 5
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 50g of undecylenic acid in 300ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of nitrogen, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser tube, reacting for 12 hours at 140 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step: dissolving a methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and 50g of sodium hydroxide by 300ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask provided with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 70 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 4 hours, dropwise adding 100g of calcium chloride solution dissolved by 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Example 6
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 15g of undecylenic acid in 300ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of nitrogen, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser tube, reacting for 8 hours at 170 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving the methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and 350g of sodium hydroxide by using 500ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 60 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 3 hours, dropwise adding 100g of calcium chloride solution dissolved by using 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Example 7
The first step is as follows: dissolving 100g of methyl eleostearate and 30g of undecylenic acid in 300ml of dimethylbenzene under the protection of nitrogen, adding into a three-neck flask with a stirring paddle, a thermometer and a reflux condenser tube, reacting for 8 hours at 170 ℃, and performing suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on a product;
the second step is that: dissolving a methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and 50g of sodium hydroxide by 300ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding the mixture into a four-neck flask provided with a stirring paddle, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a reflux condenser, carrying out saponification reaction at 60 ℃, after the saponification reaction is finished for 3 hours, dropwise adding 100g of calcium chloride solution dissolved by 200ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuing stirring for half an hour to finish the reaction, and carrying out suction filtration, water washing and vacuum drying on the product to obtain the tung oil-based carboxylate toughening agent.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the toughening agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) addition reaction: dissolving methyl eleostearate and undecylenic acid in xylene under the protection of inert gas, adding the mixture into a reaction container, and carrying out Diels-Alder addition reaction at 130-180 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the undecylenic acid is 1: 0.1-1: 1, reacting for 4-12 hours to obtain an addition compound of methyl eleostearate and undecylenic acid;
(2) saponification and metathesis reaction: dissolving a methyl eleostearate-undecylenic acid adduct and sodium hydroxide by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and adding the mixture into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the methyl eleostearate to the sodium hydroxide is 1: 0.5-1: 5; performing saponification reaction at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4 hours, and then dropwise adding a calcium chloride solution dissolved by absolute ethyl alcohol for double decomposition reaction, wherein the mass ratio of methyl eleostearate to calcium chloride is 1: 0.1-1: and 5, after the double decomposition reaction is finished, continuously stirring for 0.25-0.75 hours to obtain the unsaturated fatty acid carboxylate.
2. An unsaturated fatty acid based carboxylate prepared according to the method of preparing a toughening agent of claim 1.
3. Use of an unsaturated fatty acid based carboxylate prepared according to the method of claim 1 as a toughening agent for fire-retardant materials.
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CN105418419A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 安庆市虹泰新材料有限责任公司 | Dimer acid modified epoxy resin and preparation method therefor |
CN105906586A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-31 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Epoxy grease base plasticizing agent and preparation method thereof |
CN110079049A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-08-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of sheet molding material resin composition, sheet molding compound and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-03-11 CN CN202010165545.3A patent/CN111153793B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102898300A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-30 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | C21 dibasic acid rare earth salt, preparation method and applications thereof |
CN102964856A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-03-13 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Preparation method of bio-based solubilizing and toughening agent-modified epoxy asphalt material |
CN105418419A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 安庆市虹泰新材料有限责任公司 | Dimer acid modified epoxy resin and preparation method therefor |
CN105906586A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-31 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Epoxy grease base plasticizing agent and preparation method thereof |
CN110079049A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-08-02 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of sheet molding material resin composition, sheet molding compound and preparation method thereof |
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