CN111153303A

CN111153303A - Emergency automatic rescue elevator and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111153303A
Application number: CN202010147374.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹慧; 黄一婷
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-05
Filing date: 2020-03-05
Publication date: 2020-05-15

Abstract

The application discloses an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof. The emergency automatic rescue elevator and the control method thereof comprise a lifting device, a lift car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, wherein the control device is electrically connected with the lifting device, the lifting device drives the lift car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected with the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected with the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device, the lifting device comprises a counterweight, a tractor, a lift car diversion sheave and a steel wire rope, the control device comprises a self-rescue controller DCS, a brake band-type brake device is installed on the tractor, the brake band-type brake device is connected with a self-rescue controller DCS, and the control method of the elevator is that when the elevator breaks down, the self-rescue band-type brake controller DCS controls a descent control device, the counterweight and the brake band-type brake device, so. The elevator control system solves the technical problems that due to the fact that faults easily occur in the elevator, people are uncomfortable to the body of trapped people and cannot get rid of the trapped people in a short time.

Description

Emergency automatic rescue elevator and control method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of elevator electromechanical equipment, in particular to an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof.

Background

Many high-rise buildings, no matter office buildings or residential buildings, elevators are almost installed. Although the safety of the existing elevator is improved, the elevator fault can not be avoided, so that people are trapped in the elevator or safety accidents occur. When the elevator stops at a position of a non-flat floor in the hoistway due to a fault, the elevator is trapped in the hoistway for too long time to cause indirect damage to passengers; especially villa elevator, the elevator is installed additional to old building in addition, and the passenger is mostly old person, very dangerous.

When an elevator fails, people trapped in an environment closed by an elevator car may be dizzy, nausea and dysphoria due to fright or overlong time; discomfort occurs in the pregnant woman; heart problems, body fractures and the like caused by sudden startling of the old; even causing some of the trapped people to take more aggressive actions such as hitting the door.

Aiming at the technical problems that the elevator of a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine (a permanent magnet synchronous host) and the elevator of an asynchronous traction machine are failed to cause discomfort to trapped people and cannot escape in a short time, no effective and comprehensive safety solution is available in the industry at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The main purpose of the application is to provide an elevator emergency automatic rescue elevator for whatever traction machine and a control method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems that when the elevator runs, a fault is easy to occur, so that the trapped people are uncomfortable and cannot get out of the elevator in a short time. The core technology of the method is a method for controlling the ascending or descending speed of the car by additionally arranging an escapement mechanism on a traction wheel on a traction machine, a method for throwing off an auxiliary counterweight or releasing fluid when the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight is called a parabolic method, and a method for continuing rescue when the balance of two sides of an elevator system is broken by the parabolic method.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an emergency automatic rescue elevator. The emergency automatic rescue elevator comprises a lifting device, a lift car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, wherein the control device is electrically connected with the lifting device, the lifting device drives the lift car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected with the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected with the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device, the lifting device comprises a counterweight, a traction machine, a lift car diversion sheave and a steel wire rope, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the counterweight, the traction machine is fixed in an elevator machine room or at the top of an elevator shaft, the lift car diversion sheave is fixed at the top of the lift car, the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the lift car diversion sheave and; a descent control device is arranged below the traction machine; the control device comprises a self-rescue controller DCS, the descent control device and the traction machine are electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS, a brake band-type brake device is installed on the traction machine, and the brake band-type brake device is connected with the self-rescue controller DCS. The descent control device can effectively play roles of descent control and descent control.

Preferably, the engagement mode of the descent control gear and the traction machine gear includes, but is not limited to, straight tooth engagement and helical tooth engagement. It is preferable that the wheels of the traction machine are in helical engagement along both the gear and the descent control gear because the helical teeth are relatively smoother when the control gears are engaged and disengaged.

Preferably, the descent control device is an escapement mechanism, a gear meshing confirmation sensor and a clutch electromagnet are fixedly installed on the escapement mechanism, and the gear meshing confirmation sensor and the clutch electromagnet are electrically connected with a self-rescue controller DCS. When the gear on the traction wheel is meshed with the gear of the descent control device (namely the escapement mechanism) under the output control of the self-rescue controller DCS, when the meshing of the gear confirms that the sensor has a meshing signal, the meshing is proved, and when a conduction signal is transmitted (fed back) to the self-rescue controller DCS, the descent control device is started, and the descent control device formally plays the descent control function.

Preferably, the elevator detection device comprises a safety door lock detection device, a speed sensor, a leveling plugboard, an upper limit sensing device and a lower limit sensing device, wherein the safety door lock detection device refers to a switch which is fixed on the car and used for detecting the reliable locking of the car door and the electrical connection sum of the switches which are fixed on the landing door and used for detecting the reliable locking of the landing door, and the speed sensor is arranged on a diversion sheave at the top of the car; the elevator lift detection device is used for detecting the up-and-down moving speed of a lift car, a leveling sensor is installed at the top of the lift car, a leveling plugboard is installed in an elevator shaft, and an upper limiting sensing device and a lower limiting sensing device are respectively fixed at the upper part of the elevator shaft and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS; an elevator door motor controller is further installed on the lift car, an elevator flat layer door opening module or a contactor is further installed at the top of the elevator machine room or the elevator shaft, the elevator flat layer door opening contactor is electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS, the elevator flat layer door opening contactor transmits a door opening signal to the elevator door motor controller on the top of the lift car through a traveling cable, and people are released when the door opening signal reaches the flat layer; the flat bed inductor at car top and the flat bed picture peg on every layer in the well are mutually supported, will respond to whether elevator car reaches the flat bed position, and lower spacing induction system is in one deck position department, and upper limit induction system should set up at the elevartor shaft topmost layer.

Preferably, the traction machines include, but are not limited to, an asynchronous main machine (asynchronous traction machine) and a permanent magnet synchronous main machine (permanent magnet synchronous traction machine).

Preferably, the driving circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous host can be connected with a star-sealing contactor.

The optimal technical scheme is as follows: the slow descent control device is characterized in that a permanent magnet synchronous motor (namely a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine or a permanent magnet synchronous host) with a sealed star contactor is adopted, the slow descent control of the sealed star contactor and the slow descent control device of the escapement mechanism of the slow descent control device can be arranged together and are redundant insurance mutually, the slow descent control device and the slow descent control device act on the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine together for slow descent rescue, when the escape control device fails in one scheme, the escape control device can be switched into another scheme for slow descent operation at once, and beneficial double insurance is formed, so that the rescue operation of the elevator car can be absolutely safe; the car can slowly slide downwards or upwards, and the safety is improved.

Particularly, as the traction machine of the asynchronous motor cannot adopt a star-sealing contactor to slowly descend (the principle is not supported); the traction machine is also used in a large number of elevators, and particularly in overseas countries, the elevators mainly adopt the traction machine of an asynchronous motor due to less rare earth resources. The descent control device (escapement) can be well suitable for an elevator traction machine of a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and an elevator traction machine of an asynchronous host machine to carry out the condition of automatic rescue descent control operation, so that the descent control device (escapement) is suitable for both traction machines, and the condition is the more comprehensive solution.

Preferably, guide wheels are installed in the elevator machine room (elevator with machine room), or steel wire ropes of the guide wheels are installed at the top of an elevator hoistway (elevator without machine room) and penetrate through the guide wheels, counterweight guide rails for guiding the counterweight to run are arranged on two sides of the counterweight in the hoistway, the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator hoistway, and the counterweight is limited on the counterweight guide rails and can only run up and down.

Preferably, the counterweight or the bottom end of the car is provided with a weight adjusting mechanism.

Preferably, the weight adjustment mechanism comprises a sub-counterweight or a counterweight box.

Preferably, the counterweight or the counterweight at the bottom end of the car snatchs the auxiliary counterweight through an automatic grabbing mechanism, a balance breaking electromagnet for releasing the auxiliary counterweight is arranged on the automatic grabbing mechanism, and the self-rescue controller DCS is connected with a balance breaking electromagnet coil.

Preferably, the weight adjusting box is fixed to the bottom of a counterweight or a lift car, fluid is stored in the weight adjusting box, a guide pipeline is installed at the bottom of the weight adjusting box, an electromagnetic valve is installed on the guide pipeline and connected with a self-rescue controller DCS, a storage box is fixed to the bottom of an elevator shaft, the fluid flows into the storage box through the guide pipeline, and the optimal adopted fluid is liquid or sand.

According to one aspect of the application, a control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is provided, when the elevator breaks down, an elevator fault signal is transmitted to the input end of a self-rescue controller DCS, and the self-rescue controller DCS starts self-rescue operation when other input signals are available; when any one of the auxiliary counterweight or the counterweight box is arranged at the bottom of the counterweight, particularly, when a door lock safety input signal at the input end of the automatic rescue device controller DCS is conducted, all door locks of the elevator are normally closed; when the speed feedback signal of the lift car is 0, the flat-layer feedback signal of the lift car is zero, the upper limit signal and the lower limit signal are not available, the DCS outputs a main power switch for disconnecting the elevator, the DCS detects that the main power switch of the elevator is disconnected, the elevator is not interfered by an external power supply, and an emergency power supply is adopted for rescue;

the self-rescue controller device DCS controls output, so that a coil of the brake band-type brake device is electrified, the brake band-type brake device is controlled to be opened, and the traction machine has a state that the traction machine is heavy on which side and slides. However, if the safe and reliable sliding is possible, the following control actions are performed, as follows:

s1: judging whether the total weight of the lift car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight;

when the brake device of the traction machine is opened, the traction sheave is not moved, and the car is not moved, the total weight of the car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is executed; otherwise this indicates that the total car weight is not equal to the total counterweight weight, this proceeds to S3;

s2: controlling a coil on the break-balance electromagnet to be electrified by the self-rescue controller DCS, and starting to release the auxiliary counterweight, or sending an opening signal to an electromagnetic valve by the self-rescue controller DCS to release fluid, so that the total weight of the counterweight is smaller than the total weight of the lift car, and starting to descend the lift car, and executing S3;

s3: when a coil of the brake band-type brake device is electrified, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously controls to electrify an electromagnet coil which controls meshing in the descent control device, a descent control device gear is meshed with a tractor gear, and at the moment, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS receives a gear meshing confirmation sensor meshing feedback signal, so that the catching teeth of the descent control device are meshed with gear teeth on the tractor, and the elevator car is in a running state of the descent control device; the elevator car is in a slow descending device running state;

s4: when the elevator car slowly descends in the S3 state (the speed is controlled), the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detects that the flat sensor of the car sends a signal reaching the flat floor, the output end of the self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil of the brake band-type brake device to be powered off, the brake band-type brake device of the tractor locks the traction wheel to stop the elevator, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs a signal to control the flat floor door opening contactor of the elevator to be closed, the door opening signal is sent to the car top door machine controller through the traveling cable of the elevator, and the car door is controlled to be opened to release people.

In the process of elevator rescue, when a speed signal of a speed inductor is transmitted to a self-rescue controller DCS, if the speed signal detected by the speed inductor is greater than the speed set by the self-rescue controller DCS, the self-rescue controller DCS immediately outputs and controls a coil of a brake band-type brake device to be powered off, and the brake band-type brake device is powered off to lock a traction wheel, so that the elevator is stopped, and the safety of the elevator is guaranteed; the measure can prevent the dangerous situation that the lift car stalls and rises or falls when the descent control device fails and cannot perform the function of descent control.

According to another aspect of the application, another control method for the emergency automatic rescue elevator is provided, when the elevator breaks down, a fault signal is transmitted to a self-rescue controller DCS, and the self-rescue controller DCS is started; when one of the auxiliary counterweight or the weight-adjusting box is installed at the bottom of the car, a door lock safety input signal at the input end of the automatic rescue device DCS is conducted, when all door locks of the elevator are normally closed, a car speed feedback signal is 0, a car leveling feedback signal is zero and is up, a lower limit signal is sometimes, the automatic rescue device controller DCS outputs a switch-off main power supply switch, the DCS detects that the switch-off main power supply feedback signal of the elevator sometimes indicates that the elevator has no interference of an external power supply, and at the moment, the rescue utilizes an emergency power supply;

the output is controlled to the aid controlling means DCS of saving oneself, makes braking band-type brake coil electrified, and the braking band-type brake device is opened, and the hauler possesses which side weighs to which state of surveying the swift current car, but whether can safe and reliable swift current move, still sees the following condition, implements following control action:

when the brake contracting brake device is opened, the traction sheave is not moved, and the cage is not moved, the total weight of the cage is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is directly executed; otherwise, this indicates that the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, S3 is executed;

s2: the self-rescue controller DCS controls a coil on the breaking balance electromagnet to be electrified and starts to release the auxiliary counterweight, or the self-rescue controller DCS sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve to release fluid, so that the total weight of the lift car is smaller than the total weight of the counterweight, and the lift car starts to ascend;

s3: when a coil of the brake band-type brake device is electrified, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously energizes a clutch electromagnet coil which controls engagement in the descent control device, the descent control device gear is engaged with the tractor gear, and at the moment, a gear engagement confirmation sensor engagement feedback signal is received from the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS, so that the gear on the descent control device is successfully engaged with the gear teeth on the tractor;

s4: the elevator car slowly falls in the operation at S3 state, the ware slowly falls the effect also to exert this moment slowly, the leveling inductor that detects the car when saving oneself controller DCS input sends and reachs the leveling signal, the braking band-type brake device coil outage is controlled to the help controller DCS output of saving oneself, the driving sheave on the hauler is locked to the braking band-type brake device, send the elevator to stop, the help controller DCS output of saving oneself controls the flat bed of elevator contactor that opens the door closed, send the signal of opening the door to sedan-chair top door machine controller through the retinue cable of elevator, the control car door is opened and is released people.

When the elevator rescue runs, when the speed sensor transmits a speed signal to the self-rescue controller DCS, if the speed signal detected by the speed sensor is greater than the speed set by the self-rescue controller DCS, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs the speed signal immediately to control the coil of the brake band-type brake device to be powered off, and the brake band-type brake device locks a traction wheel due to power loss, so that the elevator is stopped, and the safety of the elevator is guaranteed; the measure can prevent the dangerous situation that the lift car stalls and rises or falls when the descent control device fails and cannot perform the function of descent control.

In the application, a self-rescue controller DCS is adopted, detected signals are transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, then the self-rescue controller DCS sends an instruction to output and control a brake band-type brake device and a descent control device electromagnet, the elevator can slowly descend to a flat floor (comprising a first floor and a top floor) when the elevator breaks down, when the elevator reaches the first floor or the top floor, a flat floor sensor sends a signal reaching the flat floor and an upper limit sensing device or a lower limit sensing device senses the signal, the DCS controls an elevator flat floor door opening contactor to start and a car door to open so that trapped people can come out of the elevator, the technical effect that the trapped people cannot escape in a short time is achieved, meanwhile, due to the action of the descent control device, the phenomenon that the elevator descends too fast to cause injury to people in the elevator is avoided, and a speed sensor can detect the descending speed of a car, thereby solving the technical problems that the trapped people are uncomfortable and can not get out of the elevator in a short time due to the easy occurrence of faults in the elevator.

The principle of the self-rescue driving of the elevator is as follows: after the band-type brake is opened, the elevator car slides to the principle of which side the elevator car slides.

When the weight of the elevator car and the weight of the counterweight are just equal and the car cannot slide, the method for discarding the fluid in the auxiliary counterweight or the counterweight adjusting compartment (the detailed working process is described later) is adopted, the balance is broken, normal self-rescue can be continued, and the scheme is also a bright point.

Preferably, the design of the auxiliary counterweight to be thrown away can be controlled within 150kg for safety (actually, 50kg of the auxiliary counterweight can be thrown away to slide). The balance can be broken. The rated load capacity of a common civil elevator is 400-2000kg, even if the elevator with the lightest load is the elevator, according to the formula of two sides of the elevator: the total weight of the counterweight is half of the weight of the car plus the rated load of the car, the balance points on two sides of the elevator are also 200kg of the load in the car, and the weight difference between two sides is also 200kg of the maximum load, so that unsafe factors cannot be caused to the tractor brake. The weight of the thrown auxiliary counterweight can not exceed half of the rated load of the elevator car at most, otherwise, the elevator brake device risks not holding the traction sheave.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:

FIG. 1: according to the emergency automatic rescue elevator and the control method thereof, the structure chart of the elevator with the auxiliary counterweight arranged on the counterweight side is provided, and of course, any one of the auxiliary counterweight and the weight adjusting box can be arranged on the car side;

FIG. 2: is a partial circuit diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3: the tractor and the escapement structure position diagram of the emergency automatic rescue elevator and the control method thereof according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 4: is an escapement structure detail diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a control method thereof according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 5: the upper structure diagram of the car of the emergency automatic rescue elevator and the control method thereof according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 6: is a meshing state diagram of the teeth of a traction wheel gear of an emergency automatic rescue elevator and a gear on an escapement mechanism of a descent control device according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 7: the structure diagram of one side of the counterweight of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is provided according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 8: the automatic grabbing mechanism for connecting the counter weight and the auxiliary counter weight of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is detailed according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 9: the structure of the emergency automatic rescue elevator weight adjusting box and the counterweight according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 10: the connection state schematic diagram of the main counterweight grabbing mechanism and the auxiliary counterweight grabbing mechanism of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is shown according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 11: the main counterweight grabbing mechanism and the auxiliary counterweight grabbing mechanism of the emergency automatic rescue elevator are separated from a schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 12: the emergency automatic rescue elevator auxiliary counterweight is schematically clamped on a counterweight guide rail according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 13: the elevator is characterized by comprising a main counterweight grabbing auxiliary counterweight schematic diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 14: the connection state diagram of the main and auxiliary counter weight grabbing mechanisms of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is shown according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 15: the connection state of the main and auxiliary counter weight grabbing mechanisms of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is schematic according to the embodiment of the application;

fig. 10 to 15 are exploded views of a parabolic automatic gripping mechanism;

FIG. 16: the speed detection device for the diversion sheave at the car top of the emergency automatic rescue elevator is disclosed according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 17: is a circuit diagram of a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 18: is an asynchronous traction machine circuit diagram of an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 19: the following embodiment is also referred to as a flow chart 1, and is a step of developing a self-rescue flow of an elevator of a permanent magnet synchronous tractor, namely a descent control device scheme is firstly used for backing up a satellite-sealed self-rescue scheme, and when a problem occurs in a descent control device controlled by a self-rescue controller DCS and a gear cannot be normally meshed, the self-rescue scheme is automatically switched to the satellite-sealed self-rescue scheme, so that the backup redundancy effect is achieved.

FIG. 20: the following embodiment is also called as a flow chart 2, and is a step of developing a self-rescue flow of an elevator of a permanent magnet synchronous tractor, namely a satellite-sealed contactor scheme is firstly used for backing up the self-rescue scheme of a descent control device, and when a satellite-sealed contactor device controlled by a self-rescue controller DCS has a problem and cannot be connected with a three-phase winding of a main machine, the self-rescue scheme of the descent control device is automatically switched to, so that the backup redundancy effect is achieved.

Of course, in practical implementation, the two schemes can be used independently, and particularly, the descent control device scheme has a wider application range.

FIG. 21: the following example, also referred to as "flow diagram 3", is a step-descent control scheme for an elevator (with a reduction gearbox) with an asynchronous machine to perform a self-rescue flow.

FIG. 22: the detailed process of the separation and combination of the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight is described later;

wherein: 1. a car; 2. a leveling sensor; 3. a self-rescue controller DCS; 31. a safety door lock detection device; 32. a speed sensor; 33. an elevator landing door opening contactor; 4. a traction machine; 41. braking the internal contracting brake device; 42. a tractor barring gear; 5. a guide wheel; 6. an upper limit induction device; 7. a wire rope; 8. car diversion sheave, 9, counterweight; 92. an auxiliary counterweight; 10. a lower limit sensing device; 11. an elevator shaft; 12. a descent control device; 121. a slow descending mechanism gear; 122. a gear case; 123. an escape wheel; 124. an end cap; 125. a bearing; 126. an escape wheel axle; 127. a pallet fork; 128. an escape fork shaft; 129. a clutch spring; 130. a shifting fork; 131. a connecting rod; 132. a clutch electromagnet; 133. a gear engagement confirmation sensor; 50. a counterweight guide rail; 51. a heavy oil can; 52. a counterweight guide shoe; 53. a counterweight sheave; 54. a counterweight housing; 64. a bumper punch; 65. a compensating chain suspension device; 71. a pair of counter-weight racks; 73. a center sill; 74. an electromagnet; 75. an auxiliary counterweight claw; 76. a left connecting rod; 77. a right connecting rod; 78. a secondary counterweight brake guide shoe; 79. a sliding beam seat; 81. a sliding beam; 82. ejecting a spring; 86. a shaft; 101. a weight adjusting box; 102, and (b); a guide duct; 103; an electromagnetic valve; 104. a storage box; 105. a water guide rope; 165. a flat layer plugboard; 106. breaking the balance electromagnet; 201. a door machine controller.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this application and the drawings described above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, and that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like as used herein refer to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 8, an emergency automatic rescue elevator includes a lifting device, a car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, the control device is electrically connected to the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected to the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected to the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device, the lifting device includes a counterweight, a traction machine, a car diversion sheave and a steel wire rope, one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the counterweight, the traction machine is fixed at the top of an elevator shaft, the car diversion sheave is fixed at the top of the car, the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the car diversion sheave and the traction machine, and the traction sheave drives the car to move up and; a descent control device 12 is arranged below the traction sheave of the traction machine, and a descent control device gear 121 is meshed with the traction machine gear 42; the control device comprises a self-rescue controller DCS; the descent control device 12 and the traction machine are electrically connected with a self-rescue controller DCS; the tractor is provided with a brake band-type brake device 41, and the coil of the brake band-type brake device 41 is electrically connected with a self-rescue controller DCS. The descent control device can effectively play a role in slowly descending the elevator during self rescue.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the descent control device engagement gear 121 is engaged with the traction device gear 42 in a helical engagement manner, which is more smooth when the helical engagement is performed. The slow descent device has the working principle of an escapement mechanism, a gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 is fixedly installed on the escapement mechanism, the gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 is also called a gear meshing sensor, and the gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 is electrically connected with the input end of a self-rescue controller DCS. When the output end of the self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil of the descent control device electromagnet 132 to be electrified, the gear of the descent control device is meshed with the wheel of the tractor along the gear, the gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 senses the meshed gear, and a conduction signal is fed back and transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, the descent control device is started to formally play a descent control function, and the specific working principle of the descent control device is described later.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the elevator detection device further includes a safety door lock detection device, a speed sensor of a car top diversion sheave (see fig. 16), a leveling sensor, a leveling inserting plate, an upper limit sensing device and a lower limit sensing device, the safety door lock detection device is fixed on the car, the speed sensor is installed on the top of the car and can be used for judging the up-down moving speed of the car by detecting the rotating speed of the diversion sheave, the leveling sensor is installed on the top of the car, the leveling inserting plate is installed at a corresponding position beside each floor door in the elevator shaft, and the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are respectively fixed on the upper part of the elevator shaft and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS; the self-rescue controller DCS is arranged in a control cabinet at the top of the elevator shaft, a control device and a self-rescue DCS controller are arranged in the control cabinet, an elevator flat-layer door opening contactor is further arranged in the control cabinet and connected with the self-rescue DCS controller, and a flat-layer door opening signal is transmitted to a door opening signal input point on the car top door motor controller through an elevator traveling cable.

The leveling sensor 2 cooperates with the leveling plug 165 to sense whether the elevator car has reached a leveling position, the lower limit sensing device 10 is at a level position, and the upper limit sensing device 6 should be disposed at the topmost level. The tractor is a permanent magnet synchronous tractor. The permanent magnet synchronous tractor driving circuit is provided with a star sealing circuit and a star sealing contactor. The star-sealing contactor is matched with a main circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and is combined with the descent control device to form double insurance, and the lift car can slowly slide towards the lift car, so that the safety is higher.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, guide wheels are installed on the top of an elevator machine room or an elevator shaft, a steel wire rope 7 passes through the car top guide wheels 8, counterweight guide rails 50 are arranged on two sides of a counterweight, the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator shaft, and counterweight guide shoes 52 are clamped in the counterweight guide rails 50 and guided to run. The elevator counterweight is divided into two major parts, namely a main counterweight and an auxiliary counterweight (or a weight adjusting box); and a weight adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the counterweight frame. The weight adjusting structure adopts an auxiliary counterweight structure, and the main counterweight is fixed by grabbing the auxiliary counterweight through an automatic grabbing mechanism. The automatic grabbing mechanism (detailed working process is described later) is provided with a balance breaking electromagnet 106 for releasing the auxiliary counterweight, the self-rescue controller DCS is electrically connected with a balance breaking electromagnetic coil, and the connection can be wired or wireless in consideration of the vertical movement of the counterweight.

The control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:

self-rescue controller DCS also is called self-rescue DCS controller or self-rescue controller, when the elevator breaks down, the fault signal is transmitted to self-rescue controller DCS, self-rescue controller DCS starts (when one of the auxiliary counterweight or the counterweight box is installed at the counterweight bottom), as shown in flow chart 1, the control steps are as follows:

1. the elevator normally runs and enters the step 2;

2. the elevator goes into step 3 when the elevator fails;

3. detecting a fault signal fed back by an elevator control system by an elevator self-rescue controller DCS, and entering a step 4;

4. detecting other feedback signal states of the input port by the elevator self-rescue controller DCS;

5. detecting whether the speed of the elevator in fault is 0; detecting whether the speed of the elevator is 0 or not through a speed sensor at the input end of the elevator self-rescue DCS controller, if so, turning to the step 6, and if not, turning to the step 9;

6. detecting whether feedback signals of a hall door lock and a car door lock are conducted or not by the input end of the elevator self-rescue controller DCS, and if yes, turning to the step 7; if not, turning to 6;

7. whether the input end of the elevator self-rescue DCS controller detects upper and lower leveling signals or not, if so, turning to step 8; if not, the step 18 is carried out;

8. whether the elevator self-rescue DCS controller detects upper and lower limits or not; if yes, turning to step 9; if not, the step 18 is carried out;

9. the main power switch of the normal operation of the elevator is cut off, and the self-rescue controller DCS outputs a main power switch S1 for cutting off the normal operation of the elevator;

10. ensuring that the main power supply of the elevator is cut off; the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detects a feedback signal of the disconnection of a main power switch of the elevator, and the fact that a power supply source of the elevator in the original non-emergency rescue is really cut off is proved, and the feedback signal is shown in figure 2;

11. the descent control device gear is in controlled meshing with the traction sheave gear; the elevator is output from a DCS (distributed control System), a coil of a magnetic valve 132 of the descent control device is controlled to be electrified, and a gear of the descent control device is meshed with a gear of an elevator traction wheel;

12. confirming the gear meshing condition; the feedback of the gear meshing confirmation sensor is detected, and whether the elevator self-rescue DCS controller input end detects a feedback signal that the traction sheave gear and the descent control device gear are indeed meshed is detected; if yes, go to step 13; if not, go to 15 a;

13. controlling to open the elevator brake device, so that the elevator has the possibility of sliding; the elevator is output from a rescue controller DCS, a coil of a band-type brake device 41 is controlled to be electrified, and as shown in figure 3, a band-type brake of an elevator tractor is opened to enter an elevator sliding self-rescue state;

14. judging whether the elevator car slides, namely whether the speed detected by the car speed detection input end of the self-rescue controller DCS is 0

If not, switching to 14a, switching to 14b when the elevator is in a balanced state at two sides, abandoning the auxiliary counterweight or the weight adjusting box to break the balance at two sides of the elevator, outputting control to break the balance coil to be electrified by the elevator self-rescue controller DCS, abandoning the auxiliary counterweight or the weight adjusting box, and switching to step 15; if yes (car speed is 0), the procedure goes to step 15;

15. the elevator slowly operates from the rescue descent control device at a low speed, and the step 16 is carried out;

16. the elevator operates from the rescue descent control device, and whether the speed exceeds the set speed is shown in figure 2; if not, the step 17 is carried out; if yes, the operation is switched to 15 a;

17. the elevator is automatically rescued without overspeed, and the sliding operation is continued;

18. the leveling signal is fed back to stop the elevator; after the elevator detects feedback of an elevator flat layer conduction signal from the DCS input end of the rescue controller, the coil of the output band-type brake device 41 is controlled to lose power. The traction sheave is locked by a brake shoe of the band-type brake device, and the elevator stops;

19. outputting a car door opening signal to open a door and release people; the elevator is output from a rescue controller DCS, an elevator flat-layer door opening contactor is controlled to be electrified, a car top door motor is controlled to be electrified to open a door, and an elevator car door drives a hoistway door to open the door; meanwhile, after the 19a elevator is stopped, the DCS controller controls the coil of the descent control device clutch electromagnet 132 to lose power, and the descent control device gear is separated from the meshing of the tractor gear, as shown in figure 2, the step can be not executed, and rescuers can separate the meshing of the descent control device gear;

20. waiting for the maintenance personnel to arrive at the site for rescue.

The above is the flow steps of automatic rescue, and it can be seen from the above that, if the door lock safety input signal at the input end of the automatic rescue device is on, it indicates that all the door locks of the elevator are normally closed, the self-rescue controller DCS controls the output to electrify the coil of the brake band-type brake device 41, the brake band-type brake device 41 is controlled to be opened, and the traction machine has a state that it is important to measure the car to which side, but whether the car can safely and reliably slide, and the following control actions are implemented by looking at the following conditions:

s1: judging that the total weight of the lift car is equal to the weight of the counterweight;

when the contracting brake device of the traction machine is opened, the traction wheel is not moved, and the lift car is not moved, the total weight of the lift car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs to electrify the coil of the balance breaking electromagnet 106 and release the auxiliary counterweight, or the electromagnetic valve 103 is controlled to be conducted and release fluid, so that the total weight of the counterweight is smaller than the total weight of the lift car, and the balance on two sides is broken; if the total weight of the car is greater than or less than the total weight of the counterweight, directly executing S2;

s2: judging that the total weight of the lift car is not equal to the weight of the counterweight;

when the brake device of the traction machine is opened, the traction wheel rotates to drive the lift car to move; if the total weight of the lift car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, the lift car starts to slide; when the total weight of the lift car is less than the total weight of the counterweight, the lift car begins to ascend; when the total weight of the lift car is greater than the total weight of the counterweight, the lift car begins to descend; the speed of the movement is limited by S3 to ensure the safety

S3: when the coil of the brake device 41 is electrified, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously controls the electromagnet 132 coil which is controlled and meshed by the descent control device to be electrified, the descent control device gear is meshed with the tractor gear, and at the moment, the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS receives a gear meshing confirmation sensor 133 meshing feedback signal, so that the catching teeth of the descent control device are meshed with the gear teeth on the tractor, and the elevator car is in the running state of the descent control device; the elevator car is in a slow descending device running state;

when the operation is stopped, opening the door and releasing the person, and executing S4;

s4: when the elevator car slowly descends in the S3 state (the speed is controlled), the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detects that the flat-bed sensor 2 of the car sends a signal reaching the flat bed, the output end of the self-rescue controller DCS controls the power failure of the coil of the brake band-type brake device 41, the brake band-type brake device of the tractor locks the traction wheel to stop the elevator, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs a signal for controlling the closing of the flat-bed opening contactor of the elevator, and the door opening signal is sent to the car top door machine controller 201 through the traveling cable of the elevator to control the opening of the car door to release people.

Speed sensor speed signal transmits and saves oneself and rescues controller DCS input, when the elevator is saving oneself and rescues the swift current vehicle-hour, if the car functioning speed that speed sensor detected is greater than the speed of saving oneself and rescues controller DCS internal setting, save oneself and rescues controller DCS output control, make the coil of braking band-type brake device 41 lose electricity, braking band-type brake device 41 locks the driving sheave, make the elevator stop, guarantee elevator safety, this condition will prevent to lead to the car to rise all the time or the circumstances that descends because the effect that slowly falls can't be played in the ware that slowly falls breaks down.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1-8, an emergency automatic rescue elevator comprises a lifting device, a car, a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, wherein the control device is electrically connected with the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected with the control device, the emergency power supply is electrically connected with the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device, the lifting device comprises a counterweight, a traction machine, a car diversion sheave and a steel wire rope, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the counterweight, the traction machine is fixed at the top of an elevator shaft, the car diversion sheave is fixed at the top of the car, the steel wire rope sequentially passes through the car diversion sheave and the traction machine, and the traction; a descent control device is arranged below the traction machine, and a descent control device gear is meshed with the traction machine gear; the control device comprises a self-rescue controller DCS, the descent control device and the traction machine are electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS, a brake band-type brake device is installed on the traction machine, and the brake band-type brake device is connected with the self-rescue controller DCS. The self-rescue controller DCS is a DCS self-rescue controller DCS. The descent control device can effectively play a role in descent control.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, the engagement mode of the descent control gear and the traction machine gear is helical tooth engagement. The descent control device is an escapement mechanism, a gear meshing confirmation sensor is fixedly installed on the escapement mechanism, and the gear meshing confirmation sensor is electrically connected with a self-rescue controller DCS. When the gear meshing confirmation sensor transmits a signal to the self-rescue controller DCS, the descent control device is started to formally play the role of descent control.

As shown in fig. 1-6 and 9, the elevator detection device comprises a safety door lock detection device, a speed sensor, a leveling inserting plate, an upper limit sensing device and a lower limit sensing device, wherein the safety door lock detection device is formed by serially connecting electric switches fixed on a car door and N landing doors, a circuit is fed back to the input end of a self-rescue controller DCS, the speed sensor is arranged on a diversion sheave at the top of the car, the car drives the diversion sheave to rotate when moving up and down, teeth on a toothed wheel disc on the diversion sheave are sensed by the speed sensor, the car is fast, and the diversion sheave rotates fast, so that rescue can be used for detecting the up-and-down moving speed of the car;

the flat bed inductor is installed at the car top, and the flat bed picture peg is installed by every layer of room door in the elevator shaft, and every layer is one set in the well, and when the car reciprocated, the flat bed picture peg passed the correlation inductive head of flat bed inductor, then, the output of flat bed inductor is expert, the outage signal, and this signal is through the trailing cable at the bottom of the elevator sedan-chair, and there is the switch board at the elevator shaft top, has the rescue controller DCS of saving oneself in the switch board.

The upper limit induction device and the lower limit induction device are respectively fixed on the upper part of the elevator shaft and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the elevator fault alarm device, the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS; an elevator door opening machine is further mounted on the top of the lift car, an elevator flat layer door opening contactor in the control cabinet is electrically connected with a self-rescue controller DCS, the DCS controller outputs a door opening signal after self-rescue is completed, a traveling cable sends the signal to a door machine controller, and the lift car door is controlled to be opened and released, and the step 19 of the flow chart 1 is shown. The leveling inductor and the leveling plugboard are mutually matched to induce whether the elevator reaches a leveling floor or not, the lower limiting induction device is arranged at a first floor position, and the upper limiting induction device is arranged at the topmost floor. The overall mounting position is shown in fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, (1) an elevator traction machine permanent magnet synchronous traction machine. The elevator (such as in a control cabinet) can be matched with a self-rescue star-sealing contactor, and the elevator self-rescue controller DCS controls when the elevator operates and is conducted; for example, when the elevator is in failure, the elevator self-rescue controller DCS controls the descent control device to act inefficiently, the elevator self-rescue controller DCS can be switched into a star-sealing contactor to suck, a three-phase disconnected winding in a motor of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is switched on, a main machine of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is in a power generation braking state when the elevator slides, and the sliding speed of the elevator is controlled at a low speed; therefore, the descent control device and the star sealing contact device are matched with each other on the elevator of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine to form double insurance, and the lift car can slowly slide downwards, so that the safety is higher. The leading wheel is installed at the top of the elevator shaft, the steel wire rope passes through the leading wheel, counterweight guide rails are arranged on the counterweight sides, the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the wall of the elevator shaft, and the counterweight guide rails are clamped into the counterweight guide rails.

(2) Of course, when the main machine of the three-phase asynchronous traction machine is adopted for the elevator, the asynchronous main machine has no possibility of star-closing braking (three-phase winding is switched on), so that the method of the descent control device can be only adopted to automatically open the band-type brake and slide the car for rescue and release people.

As shown in fig. 1-6 and 9, another parabolic method, a fluid parabolic method, has been proposed, in which a weight adjusting mechanism is installed at the counterweight-like bottom end of the elevator. The weight adjustment mechanism includes a weight adjustment box 101. The weight adjusting box is fixed in to heavy bottom, and the weight adjusting box is internal to store water, and the bottom installation direction pipeline of weight adjusting box, water pipe 102 promptly, installation solenoid valve 103 on the direction pipeline, solenoid valve 103 and the interior help controller DCS of saving oneself of elevator control cabinet are connected through elevator retinue cable electricity, and the fixed storage tank 104 of elevartor shaft bottom has a vertically drainage rope 105 from the elevartor shaft top to the lower extreme, and the rivers of pipe way flow out, flow on the drainage rope, flow in storage tank (water tank) through the drainage rope.

The control method of the emergency automatic rescue elevator in the embodiment 2 comprises the following steps: when the elevator breaks down, a fault signal is transmitted to an input port of a self-rescue controller DCS, and after other conditions are detected, the self-rescue mode is started to implement the following control actions, as shown in a figure 19 (a flow chart 1), a figure 20 (a flow chart 2) and a figure 21 (a flow chart 3):

when the brake device of the traction machine is opened, the traction wheel is not moved, and the lift car is not moved, the total weight of the lift car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and the self-rescue controller DCS outputs

Judging whether the total weight of the lift car is equal to the weight of the counterweight; if the total weight of the lift car is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, sending an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve to release water in the water tank, so that the total weight of the counterweight is smaller than the total weight of the lift car; if the total weight of the car is greater than or less than the total weight of the counterweight, directly executing S2; the total weight of the lift car comprises the sum of the weight of passengers and the weight of the lift car, and the total weight of one side of the counterweight comprises the sum of the weight of the counterweight and the weight of the weight adjusting box and the water in the counterweight;

if the total weight of the car is greater than or less than the total weight of the counterweight, directly executing S2;

when the brake device of the traction machine is opened, the traction wheel rotates to drive the lift car to move; if the total weight of the lift car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, the lift car starts to slide; when the total weight of the lift car is less than the total weight of the counterweight, the lift car begins to ascend; when the total weight of the lift car is greater than the total weight of the counterweight, the lift car begins to descend; the speed of movement is limited by S3 to ensure safety.

s4: when the elevator car slowly descends in the S3 state (the speed is controlled), the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detects that the flat-bed sensor 2 of the car sends a signal reaching the flat bed, the output end of the self-rescue controller DCS controls the power failure of the coil of the brake band-type brake device 41, the brake band-type brake device of the tractor locks the traction wheel to stop the elevator, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs a signal to control the closing of the elevator flat-bed door opening contactor, and the door opening signal is sent to the car top door machine controller 201 through the traveling cable of the elevator to control the car door to open and release people.

When 2 speed signal of speed inductor transmit for from rescue controller DCS input, see figure 2, if the speed signal that speed inductor detected is greater than the speed of setting for in saving oneself the rescue controller DCS, save oneself the rescue controller DCS output, control braking band-type brake device 41's coil loses electricity, braking band-type brake device locks the driving sheave, makes the elevator stop, ensures elevator safety, and this condition will prevent to cause the condition that the car ascends or descends all the time because the effect that slowly falls can't play slowly because slowly the descending ware breaks down.

In two embodiments, adopt the mode of saving oneself and helping controller DCS, through each signal transmission that detects elevator detection device for from helping controller DCS input, through the processing of controller internal software judgement, then from helping controller DCS output instruction, start braking band-type brake device and slow descending device, reached when the elevator breaks down, the elevator can slowly descend and reach the flat bed, when reaching the flat bed, and when the upper limit induction system signal that detects or lower limit induction system signal are normal, DCS control elevator flat bed opening door contactor actuation, transmit the door opening signal to the door machine controller on sedan-chair top, the control opens the car door, make stranded personnel come out from the elevator, thereby realized stranded personnel can't get rid of the technical effect stranded in the short time.

The escapement mechanism of the descent control device has the following working principle:

after the coil of the clutch electromagnet 132 of the descent control device in the figure is electrified, the traction machine gear is meshed with the input gear of the descent control device, the rotation motion of the traction machine shaft is transmitted to the descent control device mechanism, and after the elevator brake device is opened and enters a sliding state, the escapement mechanism in the descent control device starts to act. The periodic movement, stop and movement of the escapement mechanism limits the release speed of the sliding vehicle, thereby achieving the purpose of limiting the sliding vehicle speed. And the speed of the rolling can be designed.

The concrete mechanism is connected: the rotation of the traction machine is transmitted to the escape wheel 123 of the slow-descent mechanism by the engagement of the turning gear 42 at the outer edge of the traction sheave with the input gear 121 of the slow-descent mechanism. The escape wheel 123 realizes a transmission impulse process for the escape fork 127, and the escape fork 127 is caused to swing back and forth by the inherent moment of inertia of the escape wheel 127 itself and the transmission impulse moment of the escape wheel, so that the escape process is realized. In order to ensure that the slow descending mechanism does not influence the normal operation of the elevator in the normal state of the elevator, the input gear 121 of the slow descending mechanism is designed into a movable gear structure. When the elevator normally runs, the clutch electromagnet 132, the connecting rod 131 and the shifting fork 130 are utilized to separate the input gear 121 of the slow descending mechanism from the barring gear 42 at the outer edge of the traction sheave, so that the normal running of the elevator is not influenced, and after the judgment of an electrical system, when the elevator enters a rescue state, see the flow chart 1, the flow chart 2 and the flow chart 3, the input gear 121 of the slow descending mechanism is pushed to be meshed with the barring gear 42 at the outer edge of the traction sheave by means of the elastic force of the clutch spring 129.

The escapement mechanism is involved in the rotation process of the traction machine, after the proximity sensor is used for confirming that the engagement is good, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs, the brake device 41 of the traction machine is opened, and the elevator system enters a slow sliding state.

Considering that the number of passengers on the elevator is sometimes large and sometimes small, when the elevator system enters a state of opening a band-type brake and sliding, and the number of the passengers is large, the elevator car slides downwards, and the traction machine rotates clockwise; when the passengers are few, the counterweight slides downwards, and the traction machine rotates anticlockwise. That is, the escapement is intended to be operable in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions.

The escape wheel 123 and pallet 127 are designed as in the figure: the escape wheel 123 is in a linear or skewed tooth shape, and the escape fork 127 is in a pin shaft shape. Therefore, the detent can be rotated in the positive direction and the detent can be rotated in the negative direction, so that the effect that no matter how many passengers are in the elevator car and no matter which direction the elevator car slides can be achieved.

The gear tooth end faces of the turning gear and the pinion are machined into chamfer angles, and therefore the pinion can be conveniently and smoothly meshed when sliding. The pinion gear is spline-fitted to the shaft for sliding.

Simultaneously because the effect of ware slowly falls, prevented that the elevator descending speed is too fast, lead to the interior personnel injured's of elevator thing, speed inductor can detect the speed that the car descends, and then solved because easily break down in the elevator, stranded the passenger in the car and lead to for a long time cause the technical problem that stranded personnel are uncomfortable, the short time can't get rid of poverty.

When the elevator breaks down, the trapped elevator stops on a non-leveling zone of the elevator shaft, the trapped person can smoothly and automatically stop on the leveling zone through the elevator system and automatically open the elevator door through circuit control when reaching one floor or the top floor, and the trapped person can automatically get rid of the elevator. And when the weight of the counterweight is equal to the weight of the load in the elevator, the weight of the auxiliary counterweight can be reduced by releasing the auxiliary counterweight (the auxiliary counterweight can be in a mode of combining one auxiliary counterweight or a plurality of auxiliary counterweights) or releasing fluid by a parabolic method, so that the elevator can stably descend to a flat position, the rescue purpose is achieved, and the elevator is very convenient and practical.

The separation and butt joint working principle of the elevator parabolic method-balance breaking mechanism is as follows:

referring to fig. 10-15, a counterweight guide rail 50, a counterweight oilcan 51, a counterweight guide shoe 52, a counterweight diverting pulley 53, a main counterweight frame 54, a buffer punch 64, a compensation chain suspension device 65, a grabbing mechanism middle beam 73, an auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet 106, an auxiliary counterweight claw 75, a grabbing mechanism left connecting rod 76, a grabbing mechanism right connecting rod 77, an auxiliary counterweight brake shoe 78, an auxiliary counterweight frame 71, a sliding beam seat 79, a sliding beam 81 and an ejection spring 82.

Of course, the design of the auxiliary counterweight to be thrown away can be controlled within 150kg for safety (actually, 50kg of the auxiliary counterweight can be thrown away to slide). The rated load capacity of the common civil elevator is balanced to be 400-2000kg, even if the elevator with the lightest load is the elevator, according to the formulas on the two sides of the elevator: the total weight of the counterweight is half of the weight of the car plus the rated load of the car, the balance points on two sides of the elevator are also 200kg of the load in the car, and the weight difference between two sides is also 200kg of the maximum load, so that unsafe factors cannot be caused to the tractor brake. The weight of the thrown auxiliary counterweight can not exceed half of the rated load of the elevator car at most, otherwise, the elevator brake device risks not holding the traction sheave.

The mechanical connection relation is as follows: the separation process of the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight is shown in a flow chart 1, a flow chart 2 and a flow chart 3, when the self-rescue controller DCS judges that the auxiliary counterweight needs to be abandoned, the output control grabbing mechanism is internally provided with an electromagnet 106 which is electrified, the auxiliary counterweight releasing electromagnet 74 is caused to upwards pull a middle beam 73 through magnetism generated by a coil in the electromagnet, and after the electromagnet pulls the middle beam 73, the auxiliary counterweight claws at two sides are pulled through a pull rod and a small connecting rod which are symmetrically arranged at two sides and a small connecting rod (the shaft at the outermost side is fixed) which is hinged with the pull rod and the small connecting rod; the auxiliary counterweight claw rotates anticlockwise around the shaft, so that the auxiliary counterweight claw is separated from the inclined plane of the sliding beam; the sliding beam is separated from the jacking of the auxiliary counterweight clamping jaw and moves towards two sides under the action of the elastic force of the jacking spring, so that the auxiliary counterweight brake shoe jacks the counterweight guide rail 50, and the auxiliary counterweight can be stably clamped on the counterweight guide rail. After the auxiliary counterweight is separated from the main counterweight, the auxiliary counterweight claw is restored to the initial position by the pulling action of the ejection spring.

The main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight are connected: when the counterweight body moves close to the auxiliary counterweight, the auxiliary counterweight claw 75 contacts the sliding beam, and when the counterweight body continues to move downwards, the auxiliary counterweight claw is clamped into the inclined plane of the sliding beam. At the moment, the auxiliary counterweight release electromagnet is controlled to eject, and the auxiliary counterweight clamping jaws are ejected to the limit position under the action of the pull rod, the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod, so that the ejector sliding beam moves inwards, and the auxiliary counterweight brake shoe is separated from the counterweight guide rail.

At the moment, the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are in a collinear state to form a two-force rod, so that the auxiliary counterweight clamping jaw firmly supports against the sliding beam. At this time, the sub-counterweight is integrated with the counterweight main body and can move up and down. The same auxiliary counterweight structure can also be mounted in the lower part of the car.

Parabolic method flow diagram 5, parabolic method: the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight are separated and connected with a work flow chart.

1. The elevator enters a self-rescue state.

2. And controlling the elevator descent control device to be engaged and opening the elevator brake.

See flow chart 1, flow chart 2, flow chart 3. When the DCS controller controls the output to control the engagement of the descent control device (the coil of the electromagnetic valve 132 of the middle descent control device is electrified), the two gears are engaged, the controller DCS outputs to control the coil of the contracting brake device 41 in the contracting brake to be electrified, the contracting brake device is opened, and the traction sheave is not braked.

3. The two sides are balanced, and the elevator does not slide.

The two sides are balanced. The elevator does not slide, when the DCS controller controls the landing slow-lowering device, after the band-type brake is opened, the elevator does not slide, two sides are balanced, and the counterweight comprises a main counterweight and an auxiliary counterweight

4. And executing discarding the auxiliary counter-weights to break the balance.

The auxiliary counter weight is abandoned, the balance is broken, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs and breaks the balance output point to be conducted, referring to the attached figure 2, an electromagnetic valve (iron) coil of the parabolic mechanism is electrified, an electromagnetic valve ejector rod is attracted upwards to drive a clamping jaw to be separated from a clamping groove, and the auxiliary counter weight is released.

5. The main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight are separated, and the auxiliary counterweight is clamped on the guide rail

The spring in the auxiliary counterweight mechanism pushes out the auxiliary counterweight guide shoe through the ejector rod, and the auxiliary counterweight is fixed on the counterweight guide rail 50.

6. The elevator car, the main counterweight is driven to slide up

After the auxiliary counterweight is thrown, the elevator car drives the main counterweight sliding car to move upwards and the car sliding car to move downwards due to the fact that the elevator car is heavier than the counterweight under the condition that the band-type brake of the elevator system is opened.

7. People are put in elevator flat floor parking, and self-rescue is completed

When the car slides to the flat floor of the shaft (the inserting plate is inserted into the flat floor inductor, the inductor conduction signal is fed back into the DCS controller), the DCS controls to cut off the coil power supply of the band-type brake device 41, the band-type brake device is electrified to hold the traction wheel, and the elevator is stopped at the flat floor position in the shaft immediately. Then the DCS controller outputs a door opening signal, the lift car opens the door to release people, and self rescue is completed.

8. After the elevator is waited for by the rescue personnel to arrive, the main counterweight is operated to automatically grab the auxiliary counterweight, so that the safety of subsequent maintenance work is ensured

The fault elevator is in a waiting state after stopping at the flat floor and people are put in the elevator. After n minutes, the maintenance rescue workers arrive, the self-rescue control mode is disconnected, at the moment, the coil of the electromagnetic valve 132 of the elevator descent control device loses power, the meshing mechanism is separated, the elevator descent control device climbs the top of the car, the elevator car is operated, and the car is overhauled at a low speed and ascends. The main counterweight then moves downward.

9. The elevator continues to move downwards, and the grabbing mechanism naturally contacts with the elevator

The maintainer operates the elevator to slowly move upwards on the car roof, so that the main counterweight of the elevator moves downwards, when the main counterweight of the elevator approaches to be separated, the auxiliary counterweight clamped on the guide rail rotates inwards under the action of the self weight of the middle beam and the action of the multi-link mechanism formed by the small connecting rod and the small connecting rod {77 (at the moment, the DCS controller cuts off the power supply of the coil of the balance electromagnet device 106 in the figure, and the electromagnet coil is in a power-off state).

10. Main counterweight and auxiliary counterweight of elevator are successfully butted

The main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight are successfully butted, when the counterweight main body continuously moves to be close to the auxiliary counterweight, the main counterweight clamping jaw is contacted with the sliding beam, and when the counterweight main body continuously moves downwards, the auxiliary counterweight clamping jaw 75 is clamped into the inclined plane of the sliding beam 81 to automatically grab the auxiliary counterweight.

As shown in fig. 20, also called as a flow chart 1, step 10, ensuring that the main power supply of the elevator is cut off, and the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS detecting the feedback signal of the main power supply switch of the elevator, proving that the power supply of the elevator in the original non-emergency rescue is actually cut off;

step 11, closing a star-sealing contactor, connecting the head and the tail of a three-phase winding of a tractor, outputting an elevator from a rescue controller DCS, controlling a coil of the star-sealing contactor to be electrified, and connecting the head and the tail of the three-phase winding of the tractor;

step 13, controlling to open the elevator brake device, wherein the elevator has the possibility of sliding, outputting by an elevator self-rescue controller DCS, controlling a coil on the brake band-type brake device to be electrified, and opening the elevator tractor band-type brake device to enter a sliding self-rescue state of the elevator;

step 14, judging whether the elevator car slides, namely whether the speed detected by the car Sufu detection input end of the self-rescue controller DCS is 0;

and step 18, immediately controlling the coil of the output contracting brake device 41 to lose power after the elevator detects feedback of the elevator flat layer conduction signal from the input end of the DCS, locking the traction sheave by a brake shoe of the contracting brake device, and stopping the elevator.

And step 19, outputting a car door opening signal, opening a door to release people, outputting by the elevator self-rescue controller, controlling the elevator flat-layer door opening contactor to be electrified, controlling the car roof door motor to be electrified to open the door, and driving the hall door to open the door.

As shown in fig. 21, which is a flowchart 2, the self-rescue flowchart of the three-phase asynchronous traction machine elevator is shown.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and it is within the scope of the present invention to attach the weight adjusting mechanism to the bottom of the car. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An emergency automatic rescue elevator comprises a lifting device, a car (1), a control device, an emergency power supply and an elevator detection device, wherein the control device is electrically connected with the lifting device, the lifting device drives the car to lift, the elevator detection device is connected with the control device, and the emergency power supply is electrically connected with the control device, the lifting device and the elevator detection device; a descent control device (12) is arranged below the traction machine (4), and the gear of the descent control device (12) is meshed with the gear of the traction machine (4); the control device comprises a self-rescue controller DCS (3), the descent control device (12) and the traction machine (4) are electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS, a brake band-type brake device (41) is installed on the traction machine, and the brake band-type brake device (41) is connected with the self-rescue controller DCS.

2. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, wherein the gear of the descent control device (12) is engaged with the gear of the traction machine (4) in a manner including but not limited to straight gear engagement and helical gear engagement.

3. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, wherein the descent control device (12) is an escapement mechanism, a gear engagement confirmation sensor (133) and a clutch electromagnet (132) are fixedly mounted on the escapement mechanism, and the gear engagement confirmation sensor (133) and the clutch electromagnet (132) are both electrically connected with the self rescue controller DCS.

4. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, wherein the elevator detection device comprises a safety door lock detection device (31), a speed sensor (32), a leveling sensor (2), a leveling plug board (165), an upper limit sensing device (6) and a lower limit sensing device (10) for the entire electrical connection of the elevator car door and the landing door, the safety door lock detection device is fixed on the car; the speed sensor (32) is arranged on a diversion sheave at the top of the lift car and is used for detecting the up-and-down moving speed of the lift car; the leveling inductor (2) is arranged at the top of the lift car, and a corresponding leveling flashboard of each floor is arranged in the elevator shaft; the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are respectively fixed at the upper part and the lower part of the elevator shaft; the safety door lock detection device, the speed sensor, the leveling sensor, the upper limit sensing device and the lower limit sensing device are all electrically connected with the self-rescue controller DCS; an elevator flat-layer door opening contactor (33) is further mounted at the top of the elevator machine room or the elevator hoistway (11), is connected with the self-rescue controller DCS and transmits a door opening signal to a car door controller (201) of the car roof through a traveling cable.

5. Emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the hoisting machine (4) comprises but is not limited to a permanent magnet synchronous main machine and an asynchronous main machine.

6. An emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that the star-closing contactor can be connected to the driving circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous main machine.

7. An emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that a guide pulley (5) is installed on the top of the elevator machine room or elevator shaft (11), the steel wire rope (7) passes through the guide pulley (5), the counterweight divides the main counterweight (9) and the auxiliary counterweight (92), the counterweight guide shoes (52) and the counterweight guide rails (50) are arranged on both sides of the main counterweight and the auxiliary counterweight, the counterweight guide rails are fixed on the elevator shaft wall, and the counterweight guide shoes (52) are installed on the main counterweight (9) and the auxiliary counterweight (92) and are clamped into the counterweight guide rails (50).

8. An emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterweight (9) or the car bottom end can also be equipped with a weight adjusting mechanism.

9. Emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 8, characterized in that the weight adjusting mechanism comprises a secondary counterweight (92) or a counterweight box (101).

10. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 9, wherein the counterweight (9) or the bottom end of the car is connected with the auxiliary counterweight (92) through an automatic grabbing mechanism, an unbalance electromagnet (106) for releasing the auxiliary counterweight is arranged on the automatic grabbing mechanism, and the self-rescue controller DCS (3) is connected with a coil on the unbalance electromagnet (106).

11. The emergency automatic rescue elevator according to claim 9, wherein the weight adjusting box is fixed at the bottom of the counterweight (9) or the car (1), the weight adjusting box stores fluid, a guide pipeline (102) is installed at the bottom of the weight adjusting box, an electromagnetic valve (103) is installed on the guide pipeline, the electromagnetic valve is connected with the self-rescue controller DCS, and a storage box (104) is fixed at the bottom of the elevator shaft, and the fluid flows into the storage box through the guide pipeline.

12. The method for controlling an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein when the elevator fails, a failure signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, and after the self-rescue controller DCS determines that other safety conditions are met, the self-rescue function is started; when any one of the auxiliary counterweight or the weight adjusting box is installed at the bottom of the counterweight, the automatic rescue device DCS performs the following control actions:

when the brake contracting brake device (41) is opened, the traction sheave on the tractor does not move, and the cage does not move, the total weight of the cage is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is directly executed; otherwise, if the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, directly executing S3;

s2: the self-rescue controller DCS controls a coil on the breaking balance electromagnet (106) to be electrified and then starts to release the auxiliary counterweight (92), or the self-rescue controller DCS sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve (103) to release fluid, so that the total weight of the counterweight is smaller than the total weight of the lift car, the lift car starts to descend, and S3 is executed again;

s3: when a coil of the brake band-type brake device (41) is electrified, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously energizes a coil of a clutch electromagnet (132) which controls engagement in the descent control device, the descent control device gear is engaged with the tractor gear, and at the moment, a gear engagement confirmation sensor (133) engagement feedback signal is received from the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS, so that the gear on the descent control device is successfully engaged with the gear on the tractor;

s4: when the elevator car slowly descends in the S3 state, the whole electrical connection of the car door and the hoistway door detects that a flat sensor (2) of the car sends a signal reaching a flat layer when the input end of a self-rescue controller DCS detects that the flat sensor reaches the flat layer, the output end of the self-rescue controller DCS controls the coil of a brake band-type brake device (41) to be powered off, the brake band-type brake device locks a traction wheel on a tractor to stop the elevator, the self-rescue controller DCS outputs a signal for controlling the flat layer door opening contactor of the elevator to be closed, and a door opening signal is sent to a car top door machine controller (201) through a traveling cable of the elevator to control the car door to be opened and released.

13. The method for controlling an emergency automatic rescue elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein when the elevator fails, a failure signal is transmitted to the self-rescue controller DCS, and after the self-rescue controller DCS determines that other safety conditions are met, the self-rescue function of the elevator is started; when any one of the auxiliary counterweight or the weight adjusting box is installed at the bottom of the car, the following control actions are implemented:

when the brake contracting brake device is opened, the traction sheave on the traction machine is not moved, and the cage is not moved, the total weight of the cage is equal to the total weight of the counterweight, and S2 is directly executed; otherwise, if the total weight of the car is not equal to the total weight of the counterweight, directly executing S3;

s2: the self-rescue controller DCS controls a coil on the breaking balance electromagnet (106) to be electrified, and the auxiliary counterweight (92) starts to be released, or the self-rescue controller DCS sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve (103) to release fluid, so that the total weight of the lift car is smaller than the total weight of the counterweight, and the lift car starts to ascend;

s3: when a coil of the brake band-type brake device (41) is electrified, the self-rescue controller DCS simultaneously energizes a coil of a clutch electromagnet (132) which controls engagement in the descent control device, the descent control device gear is engaged with the tractor gear, and at the moment, a gear engagement confirmation sensor (133) engagement feedback signal is received from the input end of the self-rescue controller DCS, so that the gear on the descent control device is successfully engaged with the gear teeth on the tractor;

s4: the elevator car slowly falls in the operation at S3 state, the ware slowly falls the effect also to exert this moment slowly, detect leveling inductor (2) of car and send and reach the leveling signal when saving oneself controller DCS input, save oneself and help controller DCS output control braking band-type brake device (41) coil outage, the driving sheave on the hauler is locked to the braking band-type brake device, it stops to send the elevator, save oneself and help controller DCS output control elevator leveling contactor closure, send the signal of opening the door to cab door machine controller (201) through the retinue cable of elevator, the control car door is opened and is released people.