CN111152403A - Automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process - Google Patents
Automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111152403A CN111152403A CN201911321163.9A CN201911321163A CN111152403A CN 111152403 A CN111152403 A CN 111152403A CN 201911321163 A CN201911321163 A CN 201911321163A CN 111152403 A CN111152403 A CN 111152403A
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- injection mold
- automobile
- automobile injection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0025—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/2602—Mould construction elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile injection mold forming process, which comprises the following steps: step one, raw material pretreatment; step two, injection molding; and step three, cooling and demolding. A surface strengthening treatment process of an automobile injection mold comprises the following steps: step A, tempering an automobile injection mold in a 550 ℃ environment after quenching, then polishing the automobile injection mold with sand paper to be smooth, wiping the automobile injection mold with alcohol to be clean, removing rust and oil stains on the surface, and placing the automobile injection mold in a dry and ventilated place; b, preparing 150-mesh iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder, and carrying out laser cladding by using a laser; and step C, removing the oxide on the surface of the cladding layer after laser cladding, and finishing surface strengthening. The prepared carbon fiber reinforced composite material has a low warpage value, and a wear-resistant alloy cladding layer is cladded on the surface of an automobile injection mold through a surface strengthening treatment process, so that the hardness, impact toughness and friction performance of the surface of the automobile injection mold are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of injection molding, and relates to an automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process.
Background
With the improvement of living standard and the acceleration of life rhythm, the automobile becomes an indispensable vehicle in life, the light weight of the automobile becomes a research hotspot at present when the automobile is widely popularized, and the light weight of the automobile mainly shows three aspects, namely light material, light structure and light whole automobile. More practical novel materials are developed; more portable parts which meet the performance requirements are designed. The whole vehicle is light in design and installation of the whole vehicle. From metal materials to plastics to now reinforced composites, there is a step-by-step upgrade and step-by-step advancement, wherein composites are widely used and accepted due to their excellent properties.
Injection molding, also known as injection molding, is a method of molding by injection and molding. The injection molding method has the advantages of high production speed, high efficiency, automation of operation, various colors, various shapes from simple to complex, small sizes, accurate product size, easy replacement of products, capability of forming products with complex shapes, and suitability for the molding processing fields of mass production, products with complex shapes and the like. Stirring the completely molten plastic material by a screw at a certain temperature, injecting the plastic material into a mold cavity by high pressure, and cooling and solidifying to obtain a molded product. The method is suitable for mass production of parts with complex shapes, and is one of important processing methods. The existing injection molding part has a high warpage value, affects the quality of a product, and an injection mold is easy to damage, so that an automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process is provided.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
an automobile injection mold molding process comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 15-30 parts by mass of talcum powder, 20-30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 20-30 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 15-50 parts by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
step two, injection molding: setting injection molding parameters, preheating injection molding equipment and an injection mold, feeding raw materials into a charging barrel of the injection molding equipment for injection molding, stirring completely molten materials through a screw, injecting the molten materials into a main runner of the injection mold at high pressure, injecting the molten materials into a mold cavity of the injection mold through a sub-runner and a pouring gate, and then maintaining the pressure;
step three, cooling and demolding: setting cooling time according to the thickness of a product, wherein the set standard of the cooling time is set by taking cooling without shrinkage after the product is demoulded as a reference, and cooling a raw material in a mould cavity by a refrigerant through a cooling hole of an injection mould; and opening the injection mold after cooling, wherein an ejection device of the forming machine can eject the ejection rod out to push out the product, and the product is polished, cleaned and cleaned to obtain the product.
In step one, the talc powder contains 60 wt.% silica and 30 wt.% magnesium oxide.
In the second step, the injection molding parameters are that the temperature of the injection mold is 55 ℃, the melt temperature is 230 ℃, the cooling temperature is 30 ℃, the injection time is 1.9s, the injection pressure is more than 25MPa, and the injection speed is more than 300 mm/s.
A surface strengthening treatment process of an automobile injection mold comprises the following steps:
step A, tempering an automobile injection mold in a 550 ℃ environment after quenching, then polishing the automobile injection mold with sand paper to be smooth, wiping the automobile injection mold with alcohol to be clean, removing rust and oil stains on the surface, and placing the automobile injection mold in a dry and ventilated place;
step B, preparing 150-mesh iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder, presetting the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold in the step A, and carrying out laser cladding by using a laser; the powder spreading thickness of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold is 2mm, the laser power of a laser is 2500W, and the scanning speed is 350 mm/min; the lap joint rate in the laser cladding process is 45 percent;
and step C, removing the oxide on the surface of the cladding layer after laser cladding, and finishing surface strengthening.
In the step B, the chemical composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder is: 1 wt.% C, 0.3 wt.% Si, 0.3 wt.% Mn, 14 wt.% Cr, 1.7 wt.% Co, 3.5 wt.% Ni, and the balance iron.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the carbon fiber reinforced composite material prepared by the automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process has a low warpage value, and a wear-resistant alloy cladding layer is cladded on the surface of the automobile injection mold through the surface strengthening treatment process, so that the hardness, impact toughness and friction performance of the surface of the automobile injection mold are improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
an automobile injection mold molding process comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 15-30 parts by mass of talcum powder, 20-30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 20-30 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 15-50 parts by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
step two, injection molding: setting injection molding parameters, preheating injection molding equipment and an injection mold, feeding raw materials into a charging barrel of the injection molding equipment for injection molding, stirring completely molten materials through a screw, injecting the molten materials into a main runner of the injection mold at high pressure, injecting the molten materials into a mold cavity of the injection mold through a sub-runner and a pouring gate, and then maintaining the pressure;
step three, cooling and demolding: setting cooling time according to the thickness of a product, wherein the set standard of the cooling time is set by taking cooling without shrinkage after the product is demoulded as a reference, and cooling a raw material in a mould cavity by a refrigerant through a cooling hole of an injection mould; and opening the injection mold after cooling, wherein an ejection device of the forming machine can eject the ejection rod out to push out the product, and the product is polished, cleaned and cleaned to obtain the product.
In step one, the talc powder contains 60 wt.% silica and 30 wt.% magnesium oxide.
In the second step, the injection molding parameters are that the temperature of the injection mold is 55 ℃, the melt temperature is 230 ℃, the cooling temperature is 30 ℃, the injection time is 1.9s, the injection pressure is more than 25MPa, and the injection speed is more than 300 mm/s.
A surface strengthening treatment process of an automobile injection mold comprises the following steps:
step A, tempering an automobile injection mold in a 550 ℃ environment after quenching, then polishing the automobile injection mold with sand paper to be smooth, wiping the automobile injection mold with alcohol to be clean, removing rust and oil stains on the surface, and placing the automobile injection mold in a dry and ventilated place;
step B, preparing 150-mesh iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder, presetting the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold in the step A, and carrying out laser cladding by using a laser; the powder spreading thickness of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold is 2mm, the laser power of a laser is 2500W, and the scanning speed is 350 mm/min; the lap joint rate in the laser cladding process is 45 percent;
and step C, removing the oxide on the surface of the cladding layer after laser cladding, and finishing surface strengthening.
XRD and metallographic microscopic analysis are carried out on the cladding layer obtained by laser cladding, and experimental results show that the cladding layer prepared by the method is uniform and compact in internal structure and better in combination with a base material. The new phase is generated in situ in the laser cladding process, and the generation of the new phase indicates that the alloy powder generates a series of physical and chemical reactions in the laser cladding process. Cr is solid-dissolved in Fe to form a Fe-Cr hard phase, so that the hardness of the cladding layer can be increased. In addition, the content of C and the content of Co in the components are increased, hard phases such as CrFe7C0.45 and CoFe15.7 are generated and are dispersed in the cladding layer, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the cladding layer can be greatly improved.
In the step B, the chemical composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder is: 1 wt.% C, 0.3 wt.% Si, 0.3 wt.% Mn, 14 wt.% Cr, 1.7 wt.% Co, 3.5 wt.% Ni, and the balance iron.
The laser is a 4KW high-power semiconductor laser and related complete equipment thereof, and mainly comprises a laser, a laser controller, a power supply, a cooling system, numerical control equipment, an air compressor, a powder feeder and the like, wherein the wavelength of the laser is 0.976 mu m, and the absorption rate of common metal materials is about 55 percent. In the embodiment, the automobile injection mold adopts medium carbon quenched and tempered steel, the medium carbon quenched and tempered steel is tempered at about 550 ℃, the surface hardness is about 27-30 HRC, and the medium carbon quenched and tempered steel is mainly a tempered martensite structure.
The application is further illustrated by the following specific examples and comparative examples:
example 1
An automobile injection mold molding process comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 15 parts by mass of talcum powder, 30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 30 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 15 parts by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
step two, injection molding: setting injection molding parameters, preheating injection molding equipment and an injection mold, feeding raw materials into a charging barrel of the injection molding equipment for injection molding, stirring completely molten materials through a screw, injecting the molten materials into a main runner of the injection mold at high pressure, injecting the molten materials into a mold cavity of the injection mold through a sub-runner and a pouring gate, and then maintaining the pressure;
step three, cooling and demolding: setting cooling time according to the thickness of a product, wherein the set standard of the cooling time is set by taking cooling without shrinkage after the product is demoulded as a reference, and cooling a raw material in a mould cavity by a refrigerant through a cooling hole of an injection mould; and opening the injection mold after cooling, wherein an ejection device of the forming machine can eject the ejection rod out to push out the product, and the product is polished, cleaned and cleaned to obtain the product.
In step one, the talc powder contains 60 wt.% silica and 30 wt.% magnesium oxide.
In the second step, the injection molding parameters are that the temperature of the injection mold is 55 ℃, the melt temperature is 230 ℃, the cooling temperature is 30 ℃, the injection time is 1.9s, the injection pressure is more than 25MPa, and the injection speed is more than 300 mm/s.
A surface strengthening treatment process of an automobile injection mold comprises the following steps:
step A, tempering an automobile injection mold in a 550 ℃ environment after quenching, then polishing the automobile injection mold with sand paper to be smooth, wiping the automobile injection mold with alcohol to be clean, removing rust and oil stains on the surface, and placing the automobile injection mold in a dry and ventilated place;
step B, preparing 150-mesh iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder, presetting the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold in the step A, and carrying out laser cladding by using a laser; the powder spreading thickness of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold is 2mm, the laser power of a laser is 2500W, and the scanning speed is 350 mm/min; the lap joint rate in the laser cladding process is 45 percent;
and step C, removing the oxide on the surface of the cladding layer after laser cladding, and finishing surface strengthening.
In the step B, the chemical composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder is: 1 wt.% C, 0.3 wt.% Si, 0.3 wt.% Mn, 14 wt.% Cr, 1.7 wt.% Co, 3.5 wt.% Ni, and the balance iron.
Example 2
The same parts as those in embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are as follows:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 25 parts by mass of talcum powder, 20 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 20 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 50 parts by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
example 3
The same parts as those in embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are as follows:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 30 parts by mass of talcum powder, 25 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 25 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 30 parts by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
comparative example 1
The same parts as those in embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are as follows:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 0 part by mass of talcum powder, 20 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 20 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 0 part by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials in percentage by mass; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
comparative example 2
The same parts as those in embodiment 1 are not described again, but the differences are as follows:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 3 parts by mass of talcum powder, 20 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 20 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 30 parts by mass of glass fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; and then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried.
Parameters such as the warping stress and the like in each embodiment and comparative example are detected, and the detection principle, method and process are known in the art and are not described herein again. The specific results are detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 Property parameters of the molded parts obtained from the injection mold of the automobile
As can be seen from Table 1, the maximum buckling stress of the plastic parts of polycarbonate plastic, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic and glass fiber is 237.3MPa, and the maximum elongation at break of the plastic parts of polycarbonate plastic, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic and glass fiber is 47.3% and the minimum shrinkage of the plastic parts of polycarbonate plastic, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic and glass fiber is 2.12% when the tensile property of the plastic parts is tested. It can be known that the shrinkage of plastic products can be well controlled by adding talcum powder (Talc) which is different in materials, the shrinkage properties of the plastic products are greatly different, and the plastic products are also greatly different in warping deformation.
The talcum powder has the functions of reducing the shrinkage rate of the raw materials, reducing deformation, improving strength and reducing cost. The talcum powder is added to automobile parts to reinforce plastics, molecular chains of the talcum powder are changed due to the addition of the talcum powder, the talcum powder has no contractibility, so that the molding shrinkage of the whole material is reduced, the talcum powder can reduce the shrinkage of the plastics and can reduce the cost, the talcum powder has certain influence on the crystallinity and the orientation of the plastics, the strength and the performance of the plastic parts are improved to a certain extent, and the quality of the plastic parts is influenced. The shrinkage of the prepared composite material is reduced along with the increase of the content of the talcum powder, when the mass fraction of the talcum powder is 25%, the shrinkage of the composite material is 2.1%, and is obviously improved compared with 3.4% of the composite material without the talcum powder.
Although the invention has been described and illustrated in some detail, it should be understood that various modifications may be made to the described embodiments or equivalents may be substituted, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The automobile injection mold forming process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, raw material pretreatment: respectively weighing 15-30 parts by mass of talcum powder, 20-30 parts by mass of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic, 20-30 parts by mass of polycarbonate plastic and 15-50 parts by mass of carbon fiber as raw materials; pouring the raw materials into a screening machine, removing impurities and dust through the screening machine, and removing metal particles included in the raw materials through a magnetic separator; then the raw materials are put into a drier for drying, and are stirred and mixed uniformly while being dried;
step two, injection molding: setting injection molding parameters, preheating injection molding equipment and an injection mold, feeding raw materials into a charging barrel of the injection molding equipment for injection molding, stirring completely molten materials through a screw, injecting the molten materials into a main runner of the injection mold at high pressure, injecting the molten materials into a mold cavity of the injection mold through a sub-runner and a pouring gate, and then maintaining the pressure;
step three, cooling and demolding: setting cooling time according to the thickness of a product, wherein the set standard of the cooling time is set by taking cooling without shrinkage after the product is demoulded as a reference, and cooling a raw material in a mould cavity by a refrigerant through a cooling hole of an injection mould; and opening the injection mold after cooling, wherein an ejection device of the forming machine can eject the ejection rod out to push out the product, and the product is polished, cleaned and cleaned to obtain the product.
2. The automobile injection mold molding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step one, the talc powder contains 60 wt.% silica and 30 wt.% magnesium oxide.
3. The automobile injection mold molding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the injection molding parameters are that the temperature of the injection mold is 55 ℃, the melt temperature is 230 ℃, the cooling temperature is 30 ℃, the injection time is 1.9s, the injection pressure is more than 25MPa, and the injection speed is more than 300 mm/s.
4. The surface hardening process for an automobile injection mold according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step A, tempering an automobile injection mold in a 550 ℃ environment after quenching, then polishing the automobile injection mold with sand paper to be smooth, wiping the automobile injection mold with alcohol to be clean, removing rust and oil stains on the surface, and placing the automobile injection mold in a dry and ventilated place;
step B, preparing 150-mesh iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder, presetting the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold in the step A, and carrying out laser cladding by using a laser; the powder spreading thickness of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder on the surface of the automobile injection mold is 2mm, the laser power of a laser is 2500W, and the scanning speed is 350 mm/min; the lap joint rate in the laser cladding process is 45 percent;
and step C, removing the oxide on the surface of the cladding layer after laser cladding, and finishing surface strengthening.
5. The surface strengthening treatment process for the injection mold of the automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step B, the chemical composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy powder is as follows: 1 wt.% C, 0.3 wt.% Si, 0.3 wt.% Mn, 14 wt.% Cr, 1.7 wt.% Co, 3.5 wt.% Ni, and the balance iron.
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| CN201911321163.9A CN111152403A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Automobile injection mold forming and surface strengthening treatment process |
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