CN111151746B - Additive manufacturing method of titanium-based composite material with self-generated embedded superfine net structure reinforcement - Google Patents
Additive manufacturing method of titanium-based composite material with self-generated embedded superfine net structure reinforcement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine reticular structure reinforcement body, and relates to the field of metal-based composite materials. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a standard titanium-based composite material bar by a vacuum consumable arc melting technology; preparing titanium-based composite material powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method; the screened titanium-based composite material powder is subjected to laser 3D printing and deposition, a three-dimensional shape is set, a process participates in a laser scanning strategy, and material increase manufacturing is carried out under the protection of argon gas, so that the titanium-based composite material with the embedded superfine net structure is obtained; the key technical problem that the complex structural part of the material is difficult to process and manufacture is solved, the key problems of reinforcement agglomeration, uneven distribution and the like caused by 3D printing after traditional mechanical powder mixing are solved, a special in-situ network structure formed by arrangement of submicron-grade ultrafine TiB is obtained, the adjustment and control of the distribution of the reinforcement and the equiaxial of matrix tissues are realized, and the material has important application value for the preparation of ultrafine-structure titanium-based composite materials based on additive manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal matrix composite materials, in particular to a titanium matrix composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine reticular structure reinforcement; in particular to a method for preparing a titanium-based composite material with submicron particle net distribution in situ self-generation based on a laser 3D printing direct deposition technology.
Background
The titanium alloy material is an important material which is indispensable in various industries and has important position. With the further development of science and technology, titanium alloy materials are increasingly required to have high toughness, high modulus and other properties under multi-field service conditions. By adding particles, whiskers, fibers and other 'reinforcements' into a titanium alloy matrix, a titanium-based composite material with special performance requirements can be prepared, and the titanium-based composite material has irreplaceable application value in the fields of aerospace, weapons, ships and the like. However, due to the difference between the physical properties of the ceramic particle and other micron particle reinforcements and metal materials, the stress concentration in the micro-area of the interface is caused, the ductility and toughness and damage tolerance of the titanium-based composite material are greatly reduced, the titanium-based composite material cannot serve as a main load-bearing member, and the bottleneck for restricting the application and development of equipment is formed. Compared with the prior art, the reinforcement is thinned to the submicron scale, so that interface thermal adaptation and stress concentration can be effectively relieved, the reinforcement is in a multi-level structure by regulating and controlling the distribution of the reinforcement, the microscopic stress transfer can be optimized, the micro-area failure process caused by stress concentration is relieved, and the plasticity and toughness of the material are improved. Therefore, by regulating and controlling the size and the spatial distribution state of the reinforcement, the microstructure design of the titanium-based composite material has a reinforcement area and a toughening area, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the titanium-based composite material can be improved to a certain extent.
The metal laser 3D printing direct deposition technology belongs to one of additive manufacturing technologies, and is a novel manufacturing technology for obtaining a required component through multilayer accumulation based on the idea of layer-by-layer accumulation. The technology has great advantages in the aspect of preparation of complex components, does not need a die, prepares a required structure in one step, greatly shortens the production period of workpieces, reduces the research and development cost, and has more applications in the fields of aerospace, industry, medical treatment and the like. The combination of the particle reinforced titanium-based composite material with high specific strength and specific stiffness and the advanced laser additive manufacturing technology is one of the research hotspots in recent years, the problem that the titanium-based composite material is difficult to process due to the inclusion of a hard particle reinforced phase is solved, and the near-net forming processing of the high-performance titanium-based composite material is realized. Furthermore, the titanium matrix composite material in the present application has an ultrafine network structure. Therefore, the multi-scale and reticular coupling strengthening and toughening titanium-based composite material can be prepared at one time by utilizing the metal laser 3D printing direct deposition technology, the processing and hardening capacity of the material is improved, and the traditional complex component processing and manufacturing route is changed.
At present, the additive manufacturing method of titanium-based composite materials adopted at home and abroad mostly adopts a powder mixing method to obtain mixed powder which is obtained by uniformly mixing matrix alloy powder and a ceramic reinforcement, and then the mixed powder is used for additive manufacturing. Although this method is simple and feasible, and has low cost, it still has great technical problems. The 3D printing titanium-based composite material after powder mixing has the defects that the powder mixing effect is difficult to ensure, the oxygen content is easy to increase midway, the powder is not completely melted in the additive manufacturing process, the obtained material reinforcement is agglomerated and the like. Not only can not guarantee that the laser 3D prints the tissue of directly depositing the titanium-based composite material and does not have metallurgical defect, but also can not carry out effective regulation and control and design to the distribution of the reinforcement. Therefore, it is one of the key directions of the researchers to reduce the number of defects in the tissues of the titanium-based composite material and to realize the regulation and control of the distribution of the reinforcement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine reticular structure reinforcement, which realizes the regulation and control of the distribution of the reinforcement and the matrix tissue and solves the problems of reinforcement agglomeration, holes and the like caused by the conventional direct powder mixing for additive manufacturing.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical solutions: a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine net-shaped structure reinforcement body comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by a vacuum consumable arc melting method of titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive;
B. mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar, and preparing titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. screening the prepared titanium-based composite material powder to obtain titanium-based composite material powder with different particle sizes;
D. and drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder, then using the dried powder for laser 3D printing direct deposition, setting a three-dimensional shape of printing, and a process participation laser scanning strategy, and performing additive manufacturing under the protection of argon to obtain the titanium-based composite material with the embedded superfine reticular structure.
Preferably, in the step A, the matrix comprises pure titanium and Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, the reinforcement comprises one or more of TiB, TiC, RexOy and Ti5Si3, the volume fraction of the reinforcement is 2.5-10.5%, wherein the volume fraction of the TiB reinforcement is 1-8.5%; the additive comprises one or more of TiB2, B4C, C powder, LaB6 and SiC; the titanium-based composite material bar is subjected to vacuum consumable arc melting for at least three times.
Preferably, the dimension of the standard titanium-based composite material bar in the step B after mechanical processing is phi 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and the crucible-free gas atomization method is adopted for preparing powder; the invention adopts a crucible-free gas atomization method, can avoid pollution and better control the grain diameter and the sphericity of the obtained powder.
Preferably, the titanium-based composite material powder obtained in the step C is sieved, and the particle size of the sieved powder is 53-150 microns, and the powder is used for laser 3D printing and direct deposition.
Preferably, in the step C, a reinforcement is embedded in the titanium-based composite material powder, the volume fraction of the reinforcement contained in the titanium-based composite material powder is 2.5-10.5%, and the volume fraction of the TiB reinforcement contained in the titanium-based composite material powder is 1-8.5%;
the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure, and the size of a single grid of the reticular structure is less than 10 mu m.
Preferably, the whisker length dimension of the embedded needle-like reinforcement is less than 1.0 μm.
Preferably, the drying process in the step D is carried out in a vacuum drying oven, the temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the duration is 12-24 hours.
Preferably, the laser 3D printing direct deposition in step D specifically includes: the thickness of the powder spreading layer is 0.6-0.8 mm, the scanning distance is 1.6-1.8mm, the power is 900 plus 1800W, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the scanning speed is 500-800 mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 0.8-2 r/min; the laser scanning strategy is zigzag reciprocating scanning or unidirectional scanning.
Preferably, argon is used as a shielding gas in the step D, and the oxygen content is always ensured to be less than or equal to 50ppm in the printing process.
Preferably, the mesh size of the titanium-based composite material embedded with the ultrafine mesh in the step D is less than 5 μm.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the titanium-based composite material powder prepared by the crucible-free gas atomization method, the reinforcement is directly embedded in the single powder after supersaturated solid solution in the rapid cooling process, and the method is essentially different from the mixed powder obtained by the traditional mechanical powder mixing process, so that the phenomenon of uneven distribution of the reinforcement in the single powder after mechanical powder mixing is avoided, and the distribution uniformity of the reinforcement embedded in the composite material powder is ensured;
(2) according to the laser 3D printing direct deposition process, the defects contained in the obtained material are ensured to be at the lowest level, the regulation and control of the distribution form of the reinforcement in the tissue are realized, the submicron particle reinforcement can be obtained, and the submicron particle reinforcement is quasi-continuously distributed in a phase boundary to form a special net-shaped structure;
(3) the invention is suitable for various unit reinforced titanium-based composite materials containing TiB and titanium-based composite materials which contain TiB reinforcement and are reinforced by other reinforcements in a mixed way, such as TiB + TiC, TiB + SiC, TiB + La2O3 and other TiB + ReXOy and other mixed reinforced series;
(4) the invention is suitable for pure titanium or titanium alloy matrix alloy, the titanium alloy matrix alloy comprises Ti-6Al-4V, IMI834 and the like, and the application range is wide;
(5) the microstructure of the titanium-based composite material prepared by the invention shows a superfine net structure, and the submicron particle reinforcement distributed at the phase boundary is beneficial to thinning the matrix tissue, not only can be used as a refiner to change the tissue type of the titanium-based composite material, but also is suitable for adding various refiners to optimize the microstructure of other metal materials, and the prepared material has no anisotropy and uniform tissue.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a titanium matrix composite powder prepared by an atomization method according to example 1 of a method for manufacturing an additive titanium matrix composite for autogenous ultrafine reticulated reinforcement;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a zigzag reciprocating laser scanning strategy in example 1 of a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a autogenous ultrafine mesh reinforcement;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of 2.5vol% TiB reinforced pure Ti-based composite material prepared by the Ti-based composite material additive manufacturing method of the authigenic ultrafine mesh reinforcement of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of tensile property test results of 2.5vol% TiB reinforced pure Ti-based composite material obtained in example 1 of Ti-based composite material additive manufacturing method of autogenous ultrafine mesh reinforcement;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of titanium matrix composite with embedded ultra fine mesh structure of example 1 of the titanium matrix composite additive manufacturing method of autogenous ultra fine mesh reinforcement.
Detailed Description
The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following specific examples:
a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine net-shaped structure reinforcement body comprises the following steps: a. Preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by carrying out vacuum consumable arc melting on titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive for at least three times; the reinforcement comprises one or more of TiB, TiC, RexOy and Ti5Si 3; the additive comprises one or more of TiB2, B4C, C powder, LaB6 and SiC.
B. Mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar to the size phi 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and preparing the titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in the matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. the titanium-based composite material powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m is prepared by screening, the volume fraction of reinforcement contained in the titanium-based composite material powder is 2.5-10.5%, and the volume fraction of TiB reinforcement contained in the titanium-based composite material powder is 1-8.5%; the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure, the size of a single grid of the reticular structure is less than 10 mu m, and the length size of the whisker of the embedded needle-shaped reinforcement body is less than 1.0 mu m;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ for 12-24 h, setting the powder spreading layer thickness to be 0.6-0.8 mm, the scanning interval to be 1.6-1.8mm, the power to be 900-1800W, the light spot diameter to be 3mm, and sweeping
The drawing speed is 500-800 mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 0.8-2 r/min; and the laser scanning strategy is zigzag reciprocating scanning or unidirectional scanning, additive manufacturing is carried out under the protection of argon, and the oxygen content is ensured to be less than or equal to 50ppm, so that the titanium-based composite material with the embedded superfine reticular structure is obtained.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a titanium matrix composite material additive manufacturing method of autogenous ultra-fine mesh reinforcement, in which in example 1, a titanium matrix composite material powder section structure prepared by an air atomization method is adopted, and white quasi-continuous distribution of supersaturated solid solution precipitation reinforcement can be observed from the inside of the powder, so that the reinforcement embedded in the powder is primarily realized, and the reinforcement is uniformly distributed and has a mesh configuration structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a zigzag reciprocating laser scanning strategy in example 1 of a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a autogenous ultrafine mesh reinforcement;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of 2.5vol% TiB reinforced pure Ti-based composite material prepared by the Ti-based composite material additive manufacturing method of the authigenic ultrafine mesh reinforcement of example 1; the appearance of the visible reinforcement is represented by a submicron needle-shaped tissue and is distributed in a superfine net shape. The reinforcement net distribution mode refines matrix structure, so that the matrix structure presents isometric crystal, and the formation of coarse columnar crystal is inhibited;
FIG. 4 shows the tensile properties of 2.5vol% TiB reinforced pure Ti-based composite material obtained in example 1 of the Ti-based composite material additive manufacturing method of the autogenous ultrafine mesh reinforcement. The drawing shows that the tensile strength of the titanium-based composite material prepared by laser 3D printing and direct deposition reaches more than 630MPa, the elongation of the titanium-based composite material is kept more than 10%, and the tensile strength is greatly improved by 89.5% compared with that of forging annealing state pure titanium prepared by smelting.
Evaluation standard and method
1. The powder tissue morphology-the internal TiB reinforcement is distributed in a network structure, so that the embedding of the reinforcement is realized; the cross section tissue, the longitudinal section tissue and the reinforcement distribution structure are still in a net shape, a few columnar crystal areas exist, the matrix tissue is obviously equiaxial, the refinement is realized, the reinforcement is in a net structure distribution, and the size of the net is uniform;
the test method comprises the following steps: the microstructure was observed by applying a voltage of 10kV and a spot size of 3 to the FEI QFE 307.
2. Tensile property test- -tensile strength, elongation;
the test method comprises the following steps: mechanical properties were measured on an Instron 5966 universal tester, which was a sheet tensile specimen and elongation was measured using a laser extensometer.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine mesh structure reinforcement,
the method comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by carrying out vacuum consumable arc melting on titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive for at least three times; the reinforcement is TiB; preparing 2.5vol% TiB reinforced pure titanium-based composite material bar.
B. Mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar into a bar with the size phi of 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and preparing the titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in the matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. the titanium-based composite material powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m is prepared by screening, and the volume fraction of TiB reinforcement in the titanium-based composite material powder is 2.5%;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 24h, wherein the powder spreading layer is 0.7mm thick, the scanning interval is 1.7mm, the power is 1500W, the spot diameter is 3mm, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 1 r/min. And setting the laser scanning strategy to be zigzag reciprocating scanning. Argon is used as protective gas to inflate the molding cabin, so that the oxygen content is lower than 50ppm, and the titanium-based composite material embedded with the superfine net structure is obtained.
The microstructure was observed by applying a voltage of 10kV and a spot size of 3 to the FEI QFE 307. FIG. 1 shows the morphology of powder tissue, which shows that the TiB reinforcement inside is distributed in a network structure, and the embedding of the reinforcement is realized. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a zigzag scanning strategy. In fig. 3 (a), the cross-sectional structure shows that the submicron acicular TiB reinforcement is in the form of network structure powder, and the matrix structure is in the form of equiaxed crystal. In FIG. 3 (b), the longitudinal cross-sectional structure is shown, and the distribution structure of the reinforcement is still net-like, and a very small amount of columnar crystal domains are present. The matrix tissue is obviously equiaxial, the refinement is realized, the reinforcement is distributed in a net structure, and the size of the grid is uniform. FIG. 4 shows tensile properties of the steel sheet, which shows that the tensile strength of the steel sheet is 630MPa or more and the elongation of the steel sheet is 10% or more.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine mesh structure reinforcement,
the method comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by carrying out vacuum consumable arc melting on titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive for at least three times; the reinforcement is TiB and TiC; preparing a 1vol% TiB +4vol% TiC reinforced pure titanium-based composite material bar;
B. mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar into a bar with the size phi of 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and preparing the titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in the matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. screening the prepared titanium-based composite material powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m, wherein the volume fraction of the reinforcement in the titanium-based composite material powder is 1%; the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 24h, wherein the powder spreading layer is 0.6mm thick, the scanning interval is 1.6mm, the power is 900W, the spot diameter is 3mm, the scanning speed is 500mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 0.8 r/min. And setting the laser scanning strategy as a unidirectional scanning strategy. Argon is used as protective gas to inflate the molding cabin, so that the oxygen content is lower than 50ppm, and the titanium-based composite material embedded with the superfine net structure is obtained.
In the material prepared by the embodiment, the microstructure appearance is the same as that of the material prepared by the embodiment 1, the superfine network structure distribution of the TiB reinforcement is formed, and in addition, granular TiC reinforcements are uniformly distributed in the microstructure.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine mesh structure reinforcement,
the method comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by carrying out vacuum consumable arc melting on titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive for at least three times; the reinforcement is TiB, TiC, La2O 3; 8.5vol% of TiB +1vol% of TiC +1vol% of La2O3 reinforced pure titanium-based composite material bar is prepared.
B. Mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar into a bar with the size phi of 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and preparing the titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in the matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. screening the prepared titanium-based composite material powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m, wherein the volume fraction of the reinforcement in the titanium-based composite material powder is 8.5%; the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 24h, wherein the powder spreading layer is 0.8mm thick, the scanning interval is 1.8mm, the power is 1800W, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the scanning speed is 800mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 2 r/min; and setting the laser scanning strategy to be zigzag reciprocating scanning. Argon is used as protective gas to inflate the molding cabin, so that the oxygen content is lower than 50ppm, and the titanium-based composite material embedded with the superfine net structure is obtained.
In the material prepared by the embodiment, the microstructure appearance is the same as that of the material prepared by the embodiment 1, the superfine network structure distribution of the TiB reinforcement is formed, and in addition, granular TiC and La2O3 reinforcement are uniformly distributed in the microstructure.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine mesh structure reinforcement,
the method comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by carrying out vacuum consumable arc melting on titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive for at least three times; the reinforcement is TiB; preparing the 5vol% TiB +5vol% TiC reinforced Ti-6 Al-4V-based composite material bar.
B. Mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar into a bar with the size phi of 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and preparing the titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in the matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. screening the prepared titanium-based composite material powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m, wherein the volume fraction of the reinforcement in the titanium-based composite material powder is 1-8.5%; the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 24h, wherein the powder spreading layer is 0.7mm thick, the scanning interval is 1.7mm, the power is 1800W, the spot diameter is 3mm, the scanning speed is 800mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 1 r/min. And setting the laser scanning strategy to be zigzag reciprocating scanning. Argon is used as protective gas to inflate the molding cabin, so that the oxygen content is lower than 50ppm, and the titanium-based composite material embedded with the superfine net structure is obtained.
In the material prepared in this example, TiB was formed in the microstructure morphology similar to that of example 1
The superfine network structure of the reinforcement is distributed, and meanwhile, granular TiC reinforcement is uniformly distributed in the tissue.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated superfine mesh structure reinforcement, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by carrying out vacuum consumable arc melting on titanium and an additive or titanium alloy and an additive for at least three times; the reinforcement is TiB; prepare 2.5vol% TiB + TiC enhanced IMI834 base composite material bar.
B. Mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar into a bar with the size phi of 50mm multiplied by 500mm, and preparing the titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in the matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. screening the prepared titanium-based composite material powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m, wherein the volume fraction of the reinforcement in the titanium-based composite material powder is 1-8.5%; the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 10h, wherein the powder spreading layer is 0.7mm thick, the scanning interval is 1.7mm, the power is 1800W, the spot diameter is 3mm, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 1 r/min. And setting the laser scanning strategy to be zigzag reciprocating scanning. Argon is used as protective gas to inflate the molding cabin, so that the oxygen content is lower than 50ppm, and the titanium-based composite material embedded with the superfine net structure is obtained.
In the material prepared in this example, TiB was formed in the microstructure morphology similar to that of example 1
The superfine network structure of the reinforcement is distributed, and meanwhile, granular TiC reinforcement is uniformly distributed in the tissue.
Comparative example 1
A titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method, comprising the steps of: mixing pure titanium powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m with TiB2 powder to ensure that the volume fraction of TiB is 2.5%; and drying the mixed powder at 120 ℃ for 24h, wherein the powder spreading layer is 0.7mm thick, the scanning interval is 1.7mm, the power is 1500W, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the scanning speed is 600mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 1 r/min. And setting the laser scanning strategy to be zigzag reciprocating scanning. And (3) adopting argon as a protective gas, and inflating the forming cabin to ensure that the oxygen content is lower than 50ppm, thereby obtaining the titanium-based composite material.
The microstructure was observed by applying a voltage of 10kV and a spot size of 3 to the FEI QFE 307. The TiB reinforcement was present in this comparative example, but the distribution was not completely uniform, an incomplete network was present, the TiB size was larger, and incompletely melted TiB2 powder was present.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (7)
1. A titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of a self-generated embedded superfine mesh structure reinforcement body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. preparing a titanium-based composite material bar with a reinforcement body by a vacuum consumable arc melting method of a matrix and an additive;
B. mechanically processing the titanium-based composite material bar, and preparing titanium-based composite material powder with the reinforcement embedded in matrix alloy powder by a crucible-free gas atomization method;
C. screening the prepared titanium-based composite material powder to obtain titanium-based composite material powder with different particle sizes; screening the titanium-based composite material powder, and taking the powder with the particle size of 53-150 mu m for laser 3D printing direct deposition; the titanium-based composite material powder is internally embedded with a reinforcement, the volume fraction of the reinforcement contained in the titanium-based composite material powder is 2.5-10.5%, and the volume fraction of the TiB reinforcement contained in the titanium-based composite material powder is 1-8.5%; the reinforcement bodies are distributed in a superfine reticular structure, and the size of a single grid of the reticular structure is less than 10 mu m;
D. drying the obtained titanium-based composite material powder, then using the dried powder for laser 3D printing direct deposition, setting a three-dimensional shape of printing and a laser scanning strategy participated by a process, and performing additive manufacturing under the protection of argon to obtain the titanium-based composite material of the autogenous embedded superfine reticular structure reinforcement; the laser 3D printing direct deposition specifically comprises: the thickness of the powder spreading layer is 0.6-0.8 mm, the scanning distance is 1.6-1.8mm, the power is 900 plus 1800W, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the scanning speed is 500-800 mm/min, the distance between a laser head and a powder bed is 20mm, and the powder feeding speed is 0.8-2 r/min; the laser scanning strategy is zigzag reciprocating scanning or unidirectional scanning.
2. The additive manufacturing method of titanium-based composite material of the autogenous embedded ultrafine mesh reinforcement of claim 1, wherein in step a the matrix comprises pure titanium, titanium alloy, and the reinforcement comprises one or more of TiB, TiC, RexOy, Ti5Si 3; the additive comprises one or more of TiB2, B4C, C powder, LaB6 and SiC; the titanium-based composite material bar is subjected to vacuum consumable arc melting for at least three times.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the titanium matrix composite rod of step B is machined to have dimensions Φ 50mm x 500mm and milled using a crucible-free gas atomization process.
4. The method of additive manufacturing of titanium-based composite materials for autogenous embedded ultrafine-meshed reinforcement according to claim 1, wherein the whisker length dimension of the embedded reinforcement is less than 1.0 μm.
5. The titanium-based composite material additive manufacturing method of the autogenous embedded ultrafine mesh structure reinforcement according to claim 1, wherein the drying process in the step D is performed in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 60-120 ℃ for a duration of 12-24 hours.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein argon is used as shielding gas in step D to ensure that oxygen content is less than or equal to 50ppm during printing.
7. The method of additive manufacturing of titanium-based composite materials for autogenous embedded ultrafine-mesh reinforcement of claim 1, wherein the mesh size of the embedded ultrafine-mesh titanium-based composite material in step D is less than 5 μ ι η.
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| CN111992714B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南科技大学 | TiAl-based composite material with reinforcing phases distributed in net shape and preparation method thereof |
| CN112453421B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-07-20 | 重庆大学 | Reinforced material adding process based on arc fuse and mold reinforcing method |
| CN112958784A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-15 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for actively controlling uniform distribution and growth direction of reinforcing phase in particle-reinforced titanium-based composite material |
| CN113061779B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-12-31 | 东北大学 | Additive manufacturing method of nanoparticle reinforced titanium-based composite material based on selective electron beam melting |
| CN113201664A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-03 | 上海材料研究所 | In-situ synthesized titanium-based composite material and additive manufacturing and forming method and component thereof |
| CN113481399A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-08 | 北京交通大学 | With Ti2In-situ TiC generation by using AlC as precursorxReinforced titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114351061A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-15 | 黑龙江科技大学 | TiBw and TiCp hybrid reinforced Ti 60-based composite material in net distribution and preparation method thereof |
| CN115821093A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-21 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of multilayer nano-particle reinforced high-strength and high-toughness titanium-based composite material |
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