CN111151630A - Forming method of straight flange conical part - Google Patents

Forming method of straight flange conical part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111151630A
CN111151630A CN201911224566.1A CN201911224566A CN111151630A CN 111151630 A CN111151630 A CN 111151630A CN 201911224566 A CN201911224566 A CN 201911224566A CN 111151630 A CN111151630 A CN 111151630A
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China
Prior art keywords
straight flange
disc
forming
shaped blank
conical
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CN201911224566.1A
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CN111151630B (en
Inventor
杨文华
吉卫
郝爱国
廖哲
郝花蕾
崔旭昌
江学强
刘春�
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Institute of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology of CAEP
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Institute of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology of CAEP
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/18—Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/14—Spinning
    • B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/201—Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/208—Deep-drawing by heating the blank or deep-drawing associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08—Upsetting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for forming a straight flange conical piece. The invention relates to a forming method of upsetting-extruding deep-drawing blank making and spinning compounding, namely, during blank making, a circular plate is heated and then placed into a pre-drawing die to be firstly drawn into a disc-shaped blank with a large round angle at the bottom surface, and then upset and extruded into a disc-shaped blank with a right angle at the outer surface of the bottom surface, and the vertical part of the disc-shaped blank is used as a preparation structure for flange forming. And then, drawing and forming the disc-shaped blank by using a final drawing die until the disc-shaped blank is completely attached to a female die working part of the final drawing die, and forming a flat flange shallow conical part after deformation. And finally, cutting and spinning the conical side wall part of the straight flange shallow conical part on a spinning machine to thin the side wall and increase the height, thereby obtaining the required straight flange conical part. The method for forming the straight flange conical piece has the characteristics of low production cost, high product precision and excellent performance quality, and improves the material utilization rate and performance index of the product.

Description

Forming method of straight flange conical part
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of accurate plastic forming, and particularly relates to a method for forming a straight flange conical part.
Background
In the aerospace and military industry, the machining of various revolving body parts occupies a great proportion in production, and the proportion of conical parts is counted to be about 20%, wherein the straight flange conical parts are indispensable in specific application occasions. The traditional processing method of the straight flange conical piece comprises the following steps: the forging and casting blank is used for mechanical processing, and the plate blank is used for drawing and welding forming and the like. However, these methods have disadvantages of low internal quality, excessive consumption of raw materials, and large processing time to some extent. There is a need to develop an efficient and economical method for precision plastic forming of straight flange cones.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for forming a straight flange conical part, which has the advantages of good quality, high raw material utilization rate and high processing efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of forming a straight flange cone, said method comprising the steps of:
a. the heated circular plate is pre-drawn into a large-fillet disk-shaped blank by a pre-drawing die, and the inner surface of the large-fillet disk-shaped blank has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disk bottom1The outer surface of the transition fillet has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disc bottom2The transition fillet of (2);
b. upsetting and extruding the side wall of the large-fillet disc-shaped blank on a pre-drawing die;
c. drawing and forming the disc-shaped blank by using a final drawing die until the disc-shaped blank is completely attached to a female die working part of the final drawing die, so that the disc-shaped blank is formed into a straight flange shallow conical part;
d. and fixing the straight flange shallow conical piece obtained by final drawing on a core mould on a spinning machine, and spinning the conical side wall part of the straight flange shallow conical piece to obtain the required straight flange conical piece.
Preferably, in the step (b), the side wall of the disc-shaped blank is upset and extruded until the intersection angle of the outer surface of the side wall and the bottom surface is 90 degrees.
Preferably, the steps are carried out by lubricating the blank and the working part of the die with a lubricant.
Preferably, the lubricant is an environment-friendly lubricant.
Preferably, in the step (c), the disc-shaped blank is secondarily heated before the disc-shaped blank is drawn and formed by the final drawing die.
Preferably, in the step (d), the tapered side wall of the straight flange shallow cone is spun by using a shearing spinning method.
Preferably, the straight flange conical piece obtained in the step (d) is subjected to solution aging treatment.
The forming method of the straight flange conical part of the invention decomposes the forming force of parts, namely, the forming method of local upsetting-extruding and spinning is adopted, and the straight flange conical part with large size and variable wall thickness can be produced on forming equipment with small tonnage. According to the spinning forming method of the straight flange conical part, the disc-shaped blank is formed by deep drawing and upsetting extrusion in the pre-deep drawing die, so that the problem that metal at the intersection angle part of the outer surface and the bottom surface of the large-size disc-shaped blank is difficult to fill into a right angle is solved; the straight flange shallow conical piece is formed on the final drawing die in a drawing way, so that the ingenious forming of the straight flange structure of the conical piece is realized; the side wall of the shallow flange is spun on a spinning machine, so that a deep conical part with a variable wall thickness can be formed, and the material utilization rate and the performance index of a product are improved. The spinning forming method of the straight flange conical piece has the characteristics of low production cost, high product precision and excellent performance quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a large-radius disc-shaped blank in the method of forming a straight flange cone of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a disc-shaped blank in the method of forming a straight flange cone of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a straight flange shallow cone in the straight flange cone forming method of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a straight flange cone produced using the straight flange cone forming method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
A method of forming a straight flange cone, said method comprising the steps of:
a. the heated circular plate is pre-drawn into a large-fillet disk-shaped blank by a pre-drawing die, and the inner surface of the large-fillet disk-shaped blank has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disk bottom1The outer surface of the transition fillet has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disc bottom2The transition fillet of (2);
b. and upsetting and extruding the side wall of the large-fillet disc-shaped blank on a pre-drawing die. In the step, the pre-drawing die in the step can be replaced to carry out upsetting extrusion on the large-fillet disc-shaped blank according to the requirement so as to increase the thickness of the side wall to the required thickness.
c. Drawing and forming the disc-shaped blank by using a final drawing die until the disc-shaped blank is completely attached to a female die working part of the final drawing die, so that the disc-shaped blank is formed into a straight flange shallow conical part;
d. and fixing the straight flange shallow conical part obtained by final drawing on a core mould on a spinning machine, spinning the conical side wall part of the straight flange shallow conical part, and not spinning the bottom and the flange part to obtain the required straight flange conical part. D, spinning the conical side wall to thin the side wall of the conical part and increase the height of the conical part, and finally obtaining the required straight flange conical part with deeper depth
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (b), the side wall of the disc-shaped blank is upset and extruded until the intersection angle of the outer surface of the side wall and the bottom surface is 90 degrees, so that a straight flange can be obtained after the subsequent forming.
Preferably, the steps are carried out by lubricating the blank and the working part of the die with a lubricant.
Preferably, the lubricant is an environment-friendly lubricant.
Preferably, in the step (c), before the disc-shaped blank is drawn and formed by the final drawing die, the disc-shaped blank is subjected to secondary heating so as to ensure that the material has good forming performance.
Preferably, in the step (d), the tapered side wall of the straight flange shallow cone is spun by using a shearing spinning method. The invention can adopt a spinning wheel with a large fillet and spin the tapered side wall of the straight flange shallow conical part by a shearing spinning method, thereby thinning the side wall and increasing the height to obtain the required straight flange conical part.
Preferably, the straight flange conical piece obtained in the step (d) is subjected to solution aging treatment to improve the strength of the material and ensure the service performance.
The invention relates to a spinning forming method of a straight flange conical piece, which adopts the working steps of blanking, heating, pre-deep drawing, upsetting-extruding, final deep drawing blank making and spinning forming and is a forming method combining upsetting-extruding deep drawing blank making and spinning, namely, a circular plate is heated and then placed into a pre-deep drawing die to be firstly deep-drawn into a disc-shaped blank with a large round angle at the bottom surface, then upset-extruding into a disc-shaped blank with a right angle at the outer surface of the bottom surface, and the vertical part of the disc-shaped blank is used as a preparation structure for flange forming. And then, drawing and forming the disc-shaped blank by using a final drawing die until the disc-shaped blank is completely attached to a female die working part of the final drawing die, so that the disc-shaped blank is formed into a straight flange shallow conical part. And finally, shearing and spinning the tapered side wall part of the straight flange shallow conical part on a spinning machine to thin the side wall and increase the height to obtain the required straight flange conical part.
Example 1
The starting material for this example was a 2a14 disk. The processing process is as follows:
1. heating the 2A14 circular plate by using a resistance furnace to 470 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 40 min;
2. spraying environment-friendly lubricant on the uniformly heated 2A14 circular plate blank and the working part of the pre-drawing die, and drawing in the pre-drawing die to form the large-fillet disk blank shown in figure 1, wherein the inner surface of the large-fillet disk blank has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disk bottom1The outer surface of the transition fillet has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disc bottom2The transition fillet of (2);
3. upsetting and extruding the side wall of the large-circular-angle disc-shaped blank on a pre-drawing die until the intersection angle of the outer surface of the disc-shaped blank and the bottom surface is 90 degrees, as shown in figure 2;
4. heating the disc-shaped blank, keeping the temperature for 30min, spraying the blank and a final drawing die by using an environment-friendly lubricant, and drawing and forming the disc-shaped blank on the final drawing die until the disc-shaped blank is completely attached to a female die working part of the final drawing die, so that the disc-shaped blank is formed into a straight flange shallow cone-shaped piece as shown in figure 3;
5. and fixing the straight flange shallow conical part obtained by deep drawing on a core mould on a spinning machine, shearing and spinning the conical side wall part of the straight flange shallow conical part by using a spinning wheel, and spinning the bottom and the flange part to obtain the straight flange conical part.
6. Carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the straight flange conical piece: the solid solution temperature is 498 ℃, the quenching is carried out after the heat preservation is carried out for 80min, the aging temperature is 155 ℃, the air cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is carried out for 6h, and the required straight flange conical piece shown in the figure 4 is obtained.
Compared with a free forging piece, the straight flange conical piece formed by the embodiment has the advantages that the machining allowance is reduced by 83%, the material utilization rate is improved by 21.7%, the production cost is effectively reduced, and better economic benefit is obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications without creative efforts from the above-described conception, and fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for forming a straight flange cone, comprising the steps of:
a. the heated circular plate is pre-drawn into a large-fillet disk-shaped blank by a pre-drawing die, and the inner surface of the large-fillet disk-shaped blank has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disk bottom1The outer surface of the transition fillet has a radius r along the circumferential direction of the disc bottom2The transition fillet of (2);
b. upsetting and extruding the side wall of the large-fillet disc-shaped blank on a pre-drawing die;
c. drawing and forming the disc-shaped blank by using a final drawing die until the disc-shaped blank is completely attached to a female die working part of the final drawing die, so that the disc-shaped blank is formed into a straight flange shallow conical part;
d. and fixing the straight flange shallow conical piece obtained by final drawing on a core mould on a spinning machine, and spinning the conical side wall part of the straight flange shallow conical piece to obtain the required straight flange conical piece.
2. The method of forming a straight flange cone as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step (b) comprises upsetting the side walls of the disc-shaped blank until the angle of intersection of the outer surface of the side walls with the bottom surface is 90 °.
3. The method of spin forming a straight flanged cone as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of said steps is performed by lubricating the blank and the working portion of the die with a lubricant.
4. The method for forming a straight flange cone according to claim 3, wherein the lubricant is an environmentally friendly lubricant.
5. The method of forming a straight flange cone according to claim 1, wherein in the step (c), the disc-shaped blank is secondarily heated before the disc-shaped blank is drawn and formed by the final drawing die.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (d), the tapered side walls of the straight flange shallow cone are spun by a shear spinning method.
7. The method for forming a straight flange cone according to claim 1, wherein the straight flange cone obtained in the step (d) is subjected to solution aging treatment.
CN201911224566.1A 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Forming method of straight flange conical part Active CN111151630B (en)

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CN111151630B CN111151630B (en) 2021-07-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112404227A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-26 首都航天机械有限公司 Spinning forming method for seal head with forked ring structure

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6167524A (en) * 1984-09-12 1986-04-07 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Spinning method of hollow cylindrical tube stock
CN102489576A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-13 中国航天科技集团公司长征机械厂 Method for manufacturing high-precision rotor housings
CN204700137U (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-10-14 燕山大学 With the conical part Drawing Die of unsettled sidewall clamping device
CN106734482A (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-05-31 中国航天科技集团公司长征机械厂 A kind of high intensity high accuracy small-angle method for manufacturing parts
CN108284170A (en) * 2018-03-23 2018-07-17 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 A kind of straight flange spherical shell manufacturing process
CN108372223A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-08-07 中国航空制造技术研究院 A kind of spin forming method of Thin Walled Curved busbar shape part

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6167524A (en) * 1984-09-12 1986-04-07 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Spinning method of hollow cylindrical tube stock
CN102489576A (en) * 2011-12-05 2012-06-13 中国航天科技集团公司长征机械厂 Method for manufacturing high-precision rotor housings
CN204700137U (en) * 2015-01-14 2015-10-14 燕山大学 With the conical part Drawing Die of unsettled sidewall clamping device
CN106734482A (en) * 2016-12-02 2017-05-31 中国航天科技集团公司长征机械厂 A kind of high intensity high accuracy small-angle method for manufacturing parts
CN108372223A (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-08-07 中国航空制造技术研究院 A kind of spin forming method of Thin Walled Curved busbar shape part
CN108284170A (en) * 2018-03-23 2018-07-17 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 A kind of straight flange spherical shell manufacturing process

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112404227A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-26 首都航天机械有限公司 Spinning forming method for seal head with forked ring structure
CN112404227B (en) * 2020-11-26 2023-10-27 首都航天机械有限公司 Spinning forming method for seal head with fork-shaped ring structure

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