CN111150378A - Non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and method for multiple physical signs of human sleep - Google Patents

Non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and method for multiple physical signs of human sleep Download PDF

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CN111150378A
CN111150378A CN202010060630.3A CN202010060630A CN111150378A CN 111150378 A CN111150378 A CN 111150378A CN 202010060630 A CN202010060630 A CN 202010060630A CN 111150378 A CN111150378 A CN 111150378A
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fiber
optical fiber
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temperature
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CN111150378B (en
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李天梁
郭文卓
苏轶飞
郭金秀
谭跃刚
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • A61B5/1113—Local tracking of patients, e.g. in a hospital or private home
    • A61B5/1115—Monitoring leaving of a patient support, e.g. a bed or a wheelchair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1116—Determining posture transitions

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Abstract

The invention discloses a human sleep multi-sign non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and a method, wherein the system comprises a mattress, a plurality of sign optical fiber grating sensors, a demodulator and an upper computer; the sign fiber grating sensor comprises a plurality of distributed temperature fiber grating sensors, distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors; the physical sign fiber grating sensors are all fixedly arranged in fillers embedded between the mattress inner bed net and the fabric, and the depth is kept on the same horizontal plane; the physical fiber grating sensors are connected with the demodulator, and transmit output signals of the demodulator to an upper computer through serial ports, so as to monitor the health state of a user during sleeping, including physical parameters such as heart rate, respiration and body temperature; and the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are analyzed according to the pressure field monitoring condition of the user in the sleeping state. The invention realizes the monitoring of multi-sign and sleep movement state information through the networking of the distributed multi-parameter fiber bragg grating sensor.

Description

Non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and method for multiple physical signs of human sleep
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent home, medical care and the like, relates to a sleep state multi-sign distributed optical fiber intelligent monitoring technology, and particularly relates to a non-invasive multi-sign distributed optical fiber sensing intelligent mattress and a sensing method.
Background
The aging problem of the population becomes a common topic facing all countries around the world at present. According to the statistical analysis of related data, the population of the elderly reaches 4 hundred million in China above 60 years old in 2035 years, so how to guarantee the health of the elderly becomes the key concern of the nation and the society. Usually, when the physical signs of the old people in the waking state change suddenly, the old people can detect the physical signs in time and timely take care of the old people. However, when people are in a sleeping state and no accompanying person is present, the old people are prone to sudden rising or falling of body temperature, apnea, heart rate interruption, falling off of bed and other sudden conditions caused by acute diseases. At this time, the old people are in a self-nursing state with difficulty or in an unmanned/missed nursing state, and particularly, the old people or patients in the places such as a nursing home, an ICU and the like are easy to miss gold treatment time.
The necessity of sleeping and bed-leaving monitoring for the old or the patient lies in:
1. and (3) sleeping posture monitoring: the old people or patients who stay in the same sleeping posture for a long time may affect normal breathing and blood circulation, thereby causing the problems of apnea, cardiac ischemia arrest, body local paralysis and the like, and seriously affecting the health of the old people or patients. For example: in the united states, 150 million people per year suffer from pressure on body parts and inadequate blood supply resulting in bedsores, with economic losses of up to $ 50 billion. Among them, the elderly and patients with limb weakness are the main groups of decubitus patients. In China, the aging problem of the population is increasingly serious, and the monitoring of the sleeping posture of the old to prevent the diseases is particularly important.
2. Monitoring leaving the bed: during sleep, the elderly or ill persons may be at risk of falling down the bed suddenly due to turning over, twitching, etc. The normal bed leaving step is that a user stands up from a lying state to a sitting state, and is completely different from a sudden falling state, the distribution change of a pressure field is sensed through a multi-body sign optical fiber sensor distributed on a mattress, and the bed leaving state of the user is judged, so that the user who is difficult to stand up after falling is timely treated.
At present, although some companies in China have developed physical measurement products such as intelligent bracelets, the measurement sensitivity of the products to physical signs such as respiration and heart rate is limited, the products are easily subjected to electromagnetic interference (other electrical medical equipment in an ICU ward), and the distributed detection of multiple physical signs of a human body is difficult to realize.
Therefore, the non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and method for multiple physical signs of human sleep are very important, and can realize real-time monitoring and early warning on the health state of the human body in the sleep state so as to improve the sleep quality and the emergency treatment rate of the old people/patients.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a human body sleep multi-sign non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system and a method, which can detect the body temperature, the heart rate, the respiration and other signs of a user in real time and analyze the sleep states of sleeping posture, bed leaving and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the system of the invention is as follows: the non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for the human sleep multi-sign is characterized in that: the device comprises a mattress, a plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors, a demodulator and an upper computer;
the plurality of sign fiber grating sensors comprise a plurality of distributed temperature fiber grating sensors, distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors;
the plurality of physical sign fiber grating sensors are all fixedly arranged in the filler between the bed net and the fabric embedded in the mattress, and the depth is kept on the same horizontal plane;
the plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors are connected with the demodulator and transmit output signals of the demodulator to the upper computer through a network, and health states of users during sleeping are monitored.
The method adopts the technical scheme that: a non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring method for human sleep multi-sign is characterized in that: heart rate and respiration sign parameters are measured through a distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor; the temperature field and the pressure field of a human body are monitored through the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor, the temperature is measured, and the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are analyzed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the adopted Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor has the advantages of small size, electromagnetic interference resistance, multi-parameter dynamic distributed sensing and the like, and can realize the cooperative decoupling detection of multi-sign parameters (such as body temperature, heart rate, respiration and the like);
2. the fiber grating sensors are all in a non-invasive sensing mode, and have good adaptability to users;
3. the sensitivity adjustment of the pressure sensor and the heartbeat sensor can be realized by adjusting the parameters of the size of the curved beam (the convex part of the fiber elastic beam);
4. by applying a wavelength division multiplexing technology, multi-sensing signal single optical fiber transmission and sensing can be realized, and a single demodulation module is hopefully shared to construct a multi-old-person or patient and multi-sign (such as body temperature, heart rate, respiration and the like) distributed real-time detection and early warning system in a sleep state;
5. the temperature distribution condition of the human body in a sleeping state can be reproduced through the distributed sensing data of the body temperature and the pressure, the sleeping posture, the bed leaving information and the like of a user are obtained, and deep multifunctional monitoring is realized;
6. the function of storing mass data in the sleep state of the user can be used for the user to easily read the sleep lower body characteristic data, and meanwhile, a data source can be provided for the subsequent establishment of a medical expert knowledge base so as to provide professional health guidance for the user;
7. the sensor and the mattress are simple to manufacture, convenient to use, high in universality, capable of being widely applied to different places, easy to realize productization and wide in market.
8. Aiming at the development trend of gradual aging and labor shortage of the whole society, a plurality of monitoring systems can be integrated in the same data acquisition scheme, all-weather monitoring of old people or patients can be realized, and the purposes of releasing labor and relieving labor shortage are really realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a distributed temperature fiber grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distributed pressure fiber grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a distributed pressure FBG sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; wherein (a) the structure diagram of the heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor is shown; (b) FBG1 working principle diagram; (c) FBG2 working principle diagram;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-profile fiber grating sensor profile of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a single mattress monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
FIG. 2: 101. the optical fiber comprises a first optical fiber 102, a first fiber bragg grating FBG 103, a copper pipe 104 and a first adhesive;
FIG. 3: 201. a second optical fiber 202, a second carbon fiber elastic beam 203, a second adhesive 204, a second substrate 205, and a second fiber grating FBG;
FIG. 5: 301. third optical fiber 302, third carbon fiber spring beam 303, third substrate 304, third fiber grating FBG1, 304, fourth fiber grating FBG2, 306-hanging part 307, third adhesive 308, fourth optical fiber.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the understanding and implementation of the present invention for those of ordinary skill in the art, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it is to be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and are not restrictive thereof.
Referring to fig. 1, the non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for multiple physical signs during sleep of a human body provided by the invention comprises a mattress, a plurality of physical sign optical fiber grating sensors, a demodulator and an upper computer;
the plurality of sign fiber grating sensors comprise a plurality of distributed temperature fiber grating sensors, distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors;
the plurality of physical sign fiber grating sensors are fixedly arranged in fillers embedded between the mattress inner bed net and the fabric, and the depth is kept on the same horizontal plane;
the plurality of physical sign fiber bragg grating sensors are connected with the demodulator, output signals of the demodulator are transmitted to the upper computer through the serial port, and the health state of a user during sleeping is monitored.
Referring to fig. 2, the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor provided in this embodiment is composed of a first optical fiber 101, a first fiber grating FBG102, a copper tube 103, and a first adhesive 104; the copper tube 103 is sleeved on the first optical fiber 101, and two ends of the copper tube are sealed by a first adhesive 104; the first fiber bragg grating FBG102 is arranged on the first optical fiber 101 and is positioned inside the copper pipe 103; the first optical fiber 101 is in a relaxed state in the copper tube 103 to avoid strain coupling, thereby realizing measurement of the human body temperature.
Referring to fig. 3, the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor provided in this embodiment is composed of a second optical fiber 201, a second carbon fiber elastic beam 202, a second adhesive 203, a second substrate 204, and a second fiber grating FBG 205; the middle part of the second carbon fiber elastic beam 202 is protruded, and two ends of the second carbon fiber elastic beam are fixedly connected with the second substrate 204; the second optical fiber 201 traverses the second carbon fiber elastic beam 202, and the joint of the second optical fiber 201 and the second carbon fiber elastic beam 202 is sealed by a second adhesive 203; a second fiber grating FBG205 is arranged on the second fiber 201 in the cavity between the second carbon fiber spring beam 202 and the second substrate 204.
The curved beam (the convex part of the second carbon fiber elastic beam 202) is pressed, so that the FBG is axially stretched, the pressure is measured through the wavelength drift corresponding to the FBG, the wavelength division multiplexing technology of the fiber bragg grating is fused, the pressure distribution state of the mattress is realized, and the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition of the monitored person are obtained.
Referring to fig. 5, the distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor provided in this embodiment is composed of a third optical fiber 301, a third carbon fiber elastic beam 302, a third substrate 303, a third fiber grating FBG1304, a fourth fiber grating FBG2305, a hanging component 306, a third adhesive 307, and a fourth optical fiber 308; the middle part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 is protruded, and two ends of the third carbon fiber elastic beam are fixedly connected with the third substrate 303; the third optical fiber 301 crosses the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302, and the joint of the third optical fiber 301 and the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 is sealed by a third adhesive 307, and the third optical fiber 301 is in a tight state in a cavity between the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 and the third substrate 303; an optical fiber installation groove is formed in the third substrate 303, a fourth optical fiber 308 is installed in the optical fiber installation groove, two ends of the fourth optical fiber 308 are sealed through a third adhesive 307, and the fourth optical fiber 308 is in a tight state in the optical fiber installation groove of the third substrate 303; the hanging part 306 is arranged on the upper wall of the inner cavity of the bulge part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302, and the third optical fiber 301 and the fourth optical fiber 308 are hung on the hanging part 306, so that the optical fibers form a bending and tightening state; the third fiber bragg grating FBG1304 is arranged on the third optical fiber 301 and is positioned in the cavity between the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 and the third substrate 303; a fourth fiber grating FBG2305 is disposed on the fourth optical fiber 308 in the cavity between the third carbon fiber spring beam 302 and the third substrate 303.
The curved beam (the convex part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302) is stressed to deform downwards, the hanging part 306 is driven to pull the FBG, and the temperature self-compensation of the detection of the human breath and the heart rate can be realized through the differential processing of the two FBGs. Distributed heartbeat/breathing fiber grating sensor has high sensitivity, and heartbeat/breathing produces effort and makes curved beam pressurized, and FBG takes place axial stretch, realizes measuring pressure through the wavelength drift volume that FBG corresponds to detect user's heartbeat, breathe sign data.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the sensors of the present embodiment are all in a non-invasive sensing mode, and a plurality of multi-body fiber bragg grating sensors are embedded in the filler between the bed net and the fabric, and the embedding depth is kept on the same horizontal plane. According to the optical fiber distribution principle, a plurality of pressure fiber grating sensors and the heart rate/respiration fiber grating sensors are distributed on the same optical fiber a, and a pressure field is formed on the mattress system. A plurality of temperature fiber grating sensors are distributed on the same optical fiber b, and a temperature field is integrally formed on the mattress system. Considering the size of the mattress and the normal lying sleeping posture of a person, the mattress is divided into two sensor arrangement areas of an area A and an area B. The area A is provided with a heart rate/respiration fiber grating sensor, a pressure fiber grating sensor and a temperature fiber grating sensor, and the area B is provided with a pressure fiber grating sensor and a temperature fiber grating sensor. Heart rate/respiration fiber grating sensors and temperature fiber grating sensors are distributed in the mattress system, so that heart rate and respiration sign parameters can be directly measured; the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor and the temperature fiber grating sensor can monitor the temperature field and the pressure field of a human body and are used for measuring temperature, analyzing sleeping posture and getting out of bed. By using the optical fiber wavelength division multiplexing technology, two optical fibers are respectively connected into a demodulator to realize single optical fiber transmission and sensing, and a host computer (PC end) reads measurement data to monitor the health state of a user during sleeping.
The invention can integrate a plurality of optical fiber perception intelligent mattresses, upload a plurality of groups of dynamic monitoring data of each system to a big data intelligent diagnosis platform in real time through network cable connection or a wireless network, and then call a database in the platform to obtain the health monitoring data of a user, thereby providing health safety guarantee for the user.
The invention also provides a non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring method for the multiple physical signs of human sleep, which measures heart rate and respiratory physical sign parameters through a distributed heartbeat/respiratory optical fiber grating sensor; the temperature field and the pressure field of a human body are monitored through the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor, the temperature is measured, and the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are analyzed.
The distributed temperature fiber grating sensor of this embodiment fixes the optic fibre both sides that contain FBG at the copper pipe both ends (the distance of two bonding departments is longer than copper pipe length slightly), and optic fibre is the lax state this moment, avoids the influence of strain coupling. When the measured environmental temperature changes, the central wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating FBG102 drifts, and the temperature change amount is obtained through the drift value, so that the temperature monitoring is realized;
according to the fiber grating sensing principle, the relationship between the wavelength drift and the temperature variation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002374345620000061
wherein λ isBIs the central wavelength of the fiber grating in the initial state, KTThe sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating to temperature is shown, and Delta T is the temperature variation quantity Delta lambdaBIn the center wavelength offset value of the first fiber grating FBG102, ζ represents the thermo-optic coefficient of the first optical fiber 101, and α represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the first optical fiber 101.
The temperature change information can be obtained in real time through the FBG central wavelength deviation value, and then the temperature field information of the whole intelligent optical fiber sensing mattress can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 4, in the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor of the present embodiment, an optical fiber including FBGs sequentially passes through holes at two ends of a carbon fiber flexible curved beam, and after the optical fiber at one end and the holes are fixed by an adhesive, the optical fiber is stretched by a force to be in a tight state, and then the optical fiber at the other end is bonded to another hole. The substrate is bonded below the two ends of the curved beam to protect the optical fiber. When the curved beam is stressed to generate downward displacement, the optical fiber generates axial tension, namely axial strain, so that the central wavelength of the FBG generates offset, and pressure change can be measured through the offset value. A plurality of pressure sensors are distributed in the system to form a pressure field, and then the measurement values of different pressure sensors in the pressure field are analyzed, so that the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition can be obtained.
Wherein, its axial strain variation when distributed pressure fiber grating sensor pressurized is:
Figure BDA0002374345620000062
in the formula: l is the original length of the optical fiber, and Delta L is the longitudinal expansion amount of the optical fiber;
the Δ L solving method is as follows:
the left half part of the second carbon fiber elastic beam 202 is taken as a solving object, a coordinate system which takes the point A as an original point, the direction AB as the positive direction of an x axis and the direction perpendicular to the direction AB as the positive direction of a y axis is established, and the component of a certain point on the arc section of the AOB on the x axis and the y axis can be obtained through the conversion of the geometrical relationship:
when in use
Figure BDA0002374345620000071
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002374345620000072
Figure BDA0002374345620000073
wherein R is the initial radius of the second carbon fiber elastic beam, and theta is the central angle of the AOB arc section formed between the second carbon fiber elastic beam and the second optical fiber; f is the vertical distance from the arch vertex O to the center of the optical fiber;
Figure BDA00023743456200000710
is the argument of the angle theta.
Bending moment caused by stress F at the arch vertex O:
Figure BDA0002374345620000074
solving the delta L by using a unit load method:
Figure BDA0002374345620000075
wherein E is Young's modulus, and I is elastic beam moment of inertia.
Order to
Figure BDA0002374345620000076
Equation 5 reduces to:
Figure BDA0002374345620000077
the stress induced grating wavelength shift is described by:
Figure BDA0002374345620000078
wherein λ is0Is the central wavelength of the grating in the initial state, Delta lambda0Central wavelength variation of grating, rhoeAs effective elasto-optic coefficient, αfIs the thermo-optic coefficient of the second optical fiber (201), ξfΔ T is a temperature change amount, which is a thermal expansion coefficient of the second optical fiber (201).
From the axial symmetry of the fiber: epsilonx＝εzBringing formula 6 into formula 7, it is possible to obtain:
Figure BDA0002374345620000079
wherein, KεTo the pressure sensitivity coefficient, KtIs the temperature sensitivity coefficient;
when temperature and pressure are simultaneously applied to the sensor, the wavelength shifts of temperature and pressure are given by the following matrix:
Figure BDA0002374345620000081
wherein, Δ λ0And Δ λBRespectively representing the wavelength drift amounts of the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor; kΔT，0And KΔT，BRespectively representing the temperature induction coefficients of the distributed pressure fiber bragg grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber bragg grating sensor; kF，0And KF，BRespectively representing distributed pressure fibre-optic grating sensors and distributedThe temperature fiber grating sensor has the induction coefficient to pressure;
is obtained by the formula:
Figure BDA0002374345620000082
calculating the pressure value of the corresponding area by combining the formulas 1, 2, 8 and 10, namely decoupling;
the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are obtained by monitoring a pressure field formed by a plurality of distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and analyzing the measurement values of different distributed pressure fiber grating sensors in the pressure field.
Referring to the distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor of the embodiment, an optical fiber for writing the FBG1 sequentially passes through holes distributed at two ends of the carbon fiber elastic beam and at a vertical distance f from the top of the curved beam, the optical fiber at one end and the holes are fixed by an adhesive, the optical fiber is stretched by force, so that the optical fiber is in a horizontal tight state, and the optical fiber at the other end is bonded with the other hole. Another optical fiber, which was engraved with FBG2, was passed through the groove in the substrate, one end of the fiber was bonded to the groove with an adhesive, the fiber was pulled hard to keep the fiber horizontally taut, and the other end of the fiber was bonded to the groove. Two ends of the base are bonded with two ends of the curved beam, the middle parts of the two optical fibers are placed at the hook/open hole of the connecting rod, and then the upper end of the connecting rod is pushed into a T-shaped groove which is matched with the curved beam in size. The FBG1 generates a height difference H by bending the optical fiber1. FBG2 generates a height difference H2. The curved beam is pressed, the connecting rod is driven to move downwards, the optical fiber generates axial tension, namely axial strain is generated, so that the central wavelengths of the FBGs 1 and the FBG2 are deviated, and physical parameters such as respiration and heart rate are detected by utilizing the corresponding relation of the wavelength deviation and pressure. Wherein, two FBGs have avoided the influence of temperature decoupling through differentiating, have improved the sensor to the precision of pressure measurement.
In this embodiment, the third optical fiber 301 and the fourth optical fiber 308 are both bent, so that the third fiber grating FBG1304 has a height difference H1The fourth FBG2305 generates a height difference H2(ii) a When the convex part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam 202 is stressed to generate downward displacementThe hanging component 306 is driven to move downwards, the optical fiber generates axial tension, namely axial strain is generated, so that the central wavelengths of the FBGs 1 and 2 are shifted, and the breathing and heart rate parameters are detected by utilizing the corresponding relation between the wavelength shift and the pressure;
the third optical fiber 301 is in a horizontal position in an initial state, and after being hung on the hanging member 306, the third optical fiber 301 is in a state0O0B0The strain variation from the initial undisturbed state at this time is:
Figure BDA0002374345620000091
wherein H1After the third optical fiber 301 is hung on the hanging part 306, the central section of the third optical fiber 301 moves down by a distance, L is the length of the optical fiber in an undisturbed state, and b is half the width of the hanging part;
when the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 is stressed to deform, the hanging part 306 is driven downwards, the third optical fiber 301 is displaced downwards by d, and the third optical fiber 301 is driven to generate strain; the third optical fiber 301 is at a1C1B1In position, the third optical fiber 301 is compared to A0O0B0Amount of change in position strain:
Figure BDA0002374345620000092
wherein the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302A0The horizontal position displacement Δ L of the point is obtained by the unit load method:
1 solving the bending moment equation under the action of the original load
Is established with A0Point is the origin, A0B0The direction is the positive direction of the x-axis, and A0B0A coordinate system which is vertically upward and is the positive direction of the y axis can obtain A through the conversion of geometric relation0O0B0The components of a point on the arc segment in the x-axis and y-axis:
when in use
Figure BDA0002374345620000093
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002374345620000094
Figure BDA0002374345620000095
when in use
Figure BDA0002374345620000096
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002374345620000097
Figure BDA0002374345620000098
wherein θ is A0OB0Segment arc curvature; r is A0OB0Segment arc radius; f is the distance from the vertex O of the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 to the horizontal state of the FBG 1; l is the FBG1 horizontal state length;
Figure BDA00023743456200000910
is the argument of the angle theta.
When in use
Figure BDA0002374345620000099
In time, the bending moment equation under the action of the stress F at the arch vertex O is as follows:
Figure BDA0002374345620000101
removing the load F, and applying unit load along the horizontal axial direction as follows:
Figure BDA0002374345620000102
equation of bending moment under 3 unit load
Figure BDA0002374345620000103
Wherein E is Young modulus, and I is elastic beam inertia moment;
order to
Figure BDA0002374345620000104
Formula 17 is represented as:
Figure BDA0002374345620000105
18A0O0B0and A1C1B1Positional FBG1 center wavelength λ01And λω1Can be described as:
Figure BDA0002374345620000106
wherein λ is1Is the FBG1 initial center wavelength in the horizontal state; p is a radical ofeIs the effective bole coefficient, epsilon, of the fiber grating01And ε1Is A0O0B0And A1C1B1Strain of location;
will be delta epsilon1Band-in, known by the Taylor expansion equation:
Figure BDA0002374345620000107
wherein S is1Δ λ being the pressure sensitivity of FBG1FBG1Is the FBG1 center wavelength variation;
the fourth optical fiber 308 is initially in a horizontal position and is hung on the hanging member 306 to be in a2O2B2The strain variation from the initial undisturbed state at this time is:
Figure BDA0002374345620000111
wherein H2After being hung on the hanging part 306Four optical fibers 308 center section shift up distance, L2The length of the fourth optical fiber 308 in the undisturbed state; b is half the width of the hanging member.
When the third carbon fiber elastic beam 302 is stressed to deform, the hanging part 306 is driven downwards, the fourth optical fiber 308 is displaced downwards by d, and the fourth optical fiber 308 is driven to generate strain; the third optical fiber 301 is at a2C2B2At the position, the strain variation is A2O2B2The positions are as follows:
Figure BDA0002374345620000112
wherein the vertical displacement d can be determined by the unit load method:
when in use
Figure BDA0002374345620000113
Then the corner of the stress point O is obtained
Figure BDA0002374345620000114
Figure BDA0002374345620000115
Wherein θ is a central angle of an arc section of the entire third carbon fiber elastic beam 302; mOThe torque is the torque at the point O under the stress state.
From the corner
Figure BDA0002374345620000116
Find MOAnd then, solving a lower bending moment equation under the action of the original load:
Figure BDA0002374345620000117
calculating the lower bending moment equation under unit load:
Figure BDA0002374345620000118
combining the formulas 23-25, obtaining the expression of vertical displacement d (F) by using a unit load method:
Figure BDA0002374345620000119
at A2O2B2And A2C2B2Positional FBG2 center wavelength λ02And λω2The description is as follows:
Figure BDA00023743456200001110
wherein λ is2Is the center wavelength, p, of the fourth optical fiber 308 in the undisturbed stateeIs an effective bolete coefficient, epsilon02And ε2Respectively, the fourth optical fiber 308 is at A2O2B2And A2C2B2Strain of location;
substituting equation 22 into, simplify:
ΔλFBG2＝λω2-λ02＝S2·d(F) 28
in the formula: s2For the pressure sensitivity of the FBG2 fiber optic sensor, d (f) is given by equation 26;
ΔλFBG1-ΔλFBG2＝S1·ΔL(F)+S2·d(F) 29
in summary, for a single heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor, the pressure change is detected through the relation between the FBG central wavelength deviation value and the stress of the sensor; for a plurality of heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors distributed on the back of a human body, the pressure generated by the heartbeat and the respiration on the sensors, namely heart rate and respiration parameters, is measured.
Compared with the traditional electric measuring sensor, the Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor has the advantages of small size, electromagnetic interference resistance, corrosion resistance, easiness in realizing dynamic distributed detection and remote signal transmission and the like. In view of the above, the invention provides a non-invasive multi-sign distributed optical fiber intelligent monitoring system and method by adopting a fiber bragg grating wavelength division multiplexing technology, which can realize monitoring of body temperature, heart rate, respiration and other human body characteristics and analysis of sleeping postures, bed leaving and other sleeping motion states, and is expected to form an intelligent mattress so as to improve the sleeping quality and the emergency treatment rate of the old/patients.
In practical implementation, the multi-body sign optical fiber sensor can be improved in performance by selecting materials of the multi-body sign optical fiber sensor, the size of a curved beam in the heartbeat/respiration optical fiber sensor, setting positions of connecting rods and the like; the distribution density of the multi-modality fiber sensor can also influence the distribution of the temperature-pressure field; the monitoring principle of the sensor of the present invention is not limited to the fiber grating principle, and if other people can make a design similar to the present invention or make modifications to the present invention, such as the fabry-perot principle, pressure and temperature monitoring can also be realized. It is specifically intended that all such obvious variations and equivalents of similar designs be included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
It should be understood that parts of the specification not set forth in detail are well within the prior art.
It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiments is given for clarity and not for any purpose of limitation, and that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for the human sleep multi-sign is characterized in that: the device comprises a mattress, a plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors, a demodulator and an upper computer;
the plurality of sign fiber grating sensors comprise a plurality of distributed temperature fiber grating sensors, distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors;
the plurality of physical sign fiber grating sensors are all fixedly arranged in the filler between the bed net and the fabric embedded in the mattress, and the depth is kept on the same horizontal plane;
the plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors are connected with the demodulator and transmit output signals of the demodulator to the upper computer through serial ports, and health states of users during sleeping are monitored.
2. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for human sleep multi-signs according to claim 1, wherein: the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor consists of a first optical fiber (101), a first fiber grating FBG (102), a copper pipe (103) and a first adhesive (104);
the copper pipe (103) is sleeved on the first optical fiber (101), and two ends of the copper pipe are sealed by the first adhesive (104); the first fiber bragg grating FBG (102) is arranged on the first optical fiber (101) and is positioned inside the copper pipe (103); the first optical fiber (101) is in a loose state in the copper pipe (103) to avoid strain coupling, and further measurement of the temperature of the human body is achieved.
3. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for human sleep multi-signs according to claim 1, wherein: the distributed pressure fiber bragg grating sensor consists of a second optical fiber (201), a second carbon fiber elastic beam (202), a second adhesive (203), a second substrate (204) and a second Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) (205);
the middle of the second carbon fiber elastic beam (202) is protruded, and two ends of the second carbon fiber elastic beam are fixedly connected with the second substrate (204); the second optical fiber (201) traverses the second carbon fiber elastic beam (202), and the joint of the second optical fiber (201) and the second carbon fiber elastic beam (202) is sealed by the second adhesive (203);
the second fiber grating FBG (205) is arranged on the second optical fiber (201) in a cavity between the second carbon fiber spring beam (202) and the second substrate (204); the second optical fiber (201) is in a taut state within a cavity between the second carbon fiber spring beam (202) and the second substrate (204).
4. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for human sleep multi-signs according to claim 1, wherein: the distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber bragg grating sensor consists of a third optical fiber (301), a third carbon fiber elastic beam (302), a third substrate (303), a third fiber bragg grating FBG1(304), a fourth fiber bragg grating FBG2(305), a hanging part (306), a third adhesive (307) and a fourth optical fiber (308);
the middle part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) is protruded, and two ends of the third carbon fiber elastic beam are fixedly connected with the third substrate (303); the third optical fiber (301) traverses the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) and seals the joint of the third optical fiber (301) and the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) through the third adhesive (307), and the third optical fiber (301) is in a tight state in a cavity between the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) and the third substrate (303);
an optical fiber installation groove is formed in the third substrate (303), the fourth optical fiber (308) is installed in the optical fiber installation groove, two ends of the fourth optical fiber are sealed through the third adhesive (307), and the fourth optical fiber (308) is in a tight state in the optical fiber installation groove of the third substrate (303);
the hanging part (306) is arranged on the upper wall of the inner cavity of the bulge part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302), and the third optical fiber (301) and the fourth optical fiber (308) are hung on the hanging part (306) to enable the optical fibers to form a bending and tightening state;
-the third fiber grating FBG1(304) is arranged on the third optical fiber (301) in a cavity between the third carbon fiber spring beam (302) and the third substrate (303); -the fourth fiber grating FBG2(305) is arranged on the fourth optical fiber (308) in a cavity between the third carbon fiber spring beam (302) and the third substrate (303).
5. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for human sleep multi-signs according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the mattress is divided into two sensor arrangement areas, namely an area A and an area B; the A area is provided with a distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor, a distributed temperature fiber grating sensor and a distributed pressure fiber grating sensor, wherein the distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor is used for measuring heart rate and respiration sign parameters; the B area is provided with distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and distributed temperature fiber grating sensors side by side, and the distributed temperature fiber grating sensors and the distributed pressure fiber grating sensors arranged in the A area monitor the temperature field and the pressure field of the human body together and are used for measuring temperature, analyzing sleeping posture and getting out of bed.
6. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring system for human sleep multi-signs according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the mattress is provided with a plurality of mattresses, and a plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors are fixedly arranged in each mattress; the plurality of sign fiber bragg grating sensors are connected with the demodulator and transmit output signals of the demodulator to the upper computer through serial ports, and health states of users during sleeping are monitored.
7. A non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring method for human sleep multi-sign is characterized in that: measuring heart rate and respiration sign parameters through a distributed heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor; the temperature field and the pressure field of a human body are monitored through the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor, the temperature is measured, and the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are analyzed.
8. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring method for multiple human sleep signs according to claim 7, wherein: when the measured environmental temperature changes, the central wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating FBG (102) drifts, and the temperature variation is obtained through the drift value, so that the temperature monitoring is realized;
according to the fiber grating sensing principle, the relationship between the wavelength drift and the temperature variation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002374345610000031
wherein λ isBIs the central wavelength of the fiber grating in the initial state, KTThe sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating to temperature is shown, and Delta T is the temperature variation quantity Delta lambdaBIn order to obtain the central wavelength offset value of the first fiber grating FBG (102), ζ represents the thermo-optic coefficient of the first optical fiber (101), and α represents the thermal expansion coefficient of the first optical fiber (101).
9. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring method for multiple human sleep signs according to claim 8, wherein: when the bulge of the second carbon fiber elastic beam (202) is stressed to generate downward displacement, the second optical fiber (201) generates axial tension, namely axial strain, so that the central wavelength of the second fiber bragg grating (205) is shifted, and pressure change is measured through the shift value;
wherein, its axial strain variation when distributed pressure fiber grating sensor pressurized is:
Figure FDA0002374345610000032
in the formula: l is the original length of the optical fiber, and Delta L is the longitudinal expansion amount of the optical fiber;
the Δ L solving method is as follows:
the left half part of the second carbon fiber elastic beam (202) is taken as a solving object, a coordinate system which takes the point A as an original point, the direction AB as the positive direction of an x axis and the direction perpendicular to the direction AB as the positive direction of a y axis is established, and the component of a certain point on the arc section of the AOB on the x axis and the y axis can be obtained through the conversion of the geometrical relationship:
when in use
Figure FDA0002374345610000033
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002374345610000034
Figure FDA0002374345610000035
wherein R is the initial radius of the second carbon fiber elastic beam, and theta is the central angle of the AOB arc section formed between the second carbon fiber elastic beam and the second optical fiber; f is the vertical distance from the arch vertex O to the center of the optical fiber;
Figure FDA0002374345610000048
is an angle θ independent variable;
bending moment caused by stress F at the arch vertex O:
Figure FDA0002374345610000041
solving the delta L by using a unit load method:
Figure FDA0002374345610000042
wherein E is Young modulus, and I is elastic beam inertia moment;
order to
Figure FDA0002374345610000043
Equation (5) reduces to:
Figure FDA0002374345610000044
the stress induced grating wavelength shift is described by:
Figure FDA0002374345610000045
wherein λ is0Is the central wavelength of the grating in the initial state, Delta lambda0Central wavelength variation of grating, rhoeAs effective elasto-optic coefficient, αfIs the thermo-optic coefficient of the second optical fiber (201), ξfIs a thermal expansion coefficient of the second optical fiber (201)Number, Δ T is the temperature change amount;
from the axial symmetry of the fiber: epsilonx＝εzWhen formula (6) is introduced into formula (7), it is possible to obtain:
Figure FDA0002374345610000046
wherein, KεTo the pressure sensitivity coefficient, KtIs the temperature sensitivity coefficient;
when temperature and pressure are simultaneously applied to the sensor, the wavelength shifts of temperature and pressure are given by the following matrix:
Figure FDA0002374345610000047
wherein, Δ λ0And Δ λBRespectively representing the wavelength drift amounts of the distributed pressure fiber grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber grating sensor; kΔT，0And KΔT，BRespectively representing the temperature induction coefficients of the distributed pressure fiber bragg grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber bragg grating sensor; kF，0And KF，BRespectively representing the induction coefficients of the distributed pressure fiber bragg grating sensor and the distributed temperature fiber bragg grating sensor to pressure;
is obtained by the formula:
Figure FDA0002374345610000051
calculating the pressure value of the corresponding area by combining the formulas (1), (2), (8) and (10), namely decoupling;
the sleeping posture and the bed leaving condition are obtained by monitoring a pressure field formed by a plurality of distributed pressure fiber grating sensors and analyzing the measurement values of different distributed pressure fiber grating sensors in the pressure field.
10. The non-invasive distributed optical fiber monitoring method for multiple human sleep signs according to claim 8, wherein: said distributionIn the heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor, the third optical fiber (301) and the fourth optical fiber (308) are both in a bent and tensed state, so that the third fiber grating FBG1(304) generates a height difference H1The fourth FBG2(305) generates a height difference H2(ii) a When the convex part of the third carbon fiber elastic beam (202) is stressed to generate downward displacement, the hanging part (306) is driven to move downwards, the optical fiber generates axial tension, namely axial strain, so that the central wavelengths of the FBGs 1 and 2 are deviated, and the respiration and heart rate parameters are detected by utilizing the corresponding relation between the wavelength deviation and pressure;
the third optical fiber (301) is in a horizontal position in an initial state, and after being hung on the hanging part (306), the third optical fiber (301) is in A0O0B0The strain variation from the initial undisturbed state at this time is:
Figure FDA0002374345610000052
wherein H1After the third optical fiber (301) is hung on the hanging part (306), the central section of the third optical fiber moves downwards by a distance, L is the length of the optical fiber in an undisturbed state, and b is half of the width of the hanging part;
when the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) is stressed to deform, the hanging part (306) is driven downwards, the third optical fiber (301) is displaced downwards by d, and the third optical fiber (301) is driven to generate strain; the third optical fiber (301) is at A1C1B1In position, the third optical fiber (301) is compared to A0O0B0Amount of change in position strain:
Figure FDA0002374345610000053
wherein the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) A0The horizontal position displacement Δ L of the point is obtained by the unit load method:
1) solving the bending moment equation under the action of the original load
Is established with A0Point is the origin, A0B0The direction is the positive direction of the x-axis, and A0B0Vertical coordinate system with upward direction as positive direction of y-axisBy transformation of the geometric relationship, A can be obtained0O0B0The components of a point on the arc segment in the x-axis and y-axis:
when in use
Figure FDA0002374345610000061
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002374345610000062
Figure FDA0002374345610000063
when in use
Figure FDA0002374345610000064
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002374345610000065
Figure FDA0002374345610000066
wherein θ is A0OB0Segment arc curvature; r is A0OB0Segment arc radius; f is the distance from the vertex O of the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) to the FBG1 in the horizontal state; l is the FBG1 horizontal state length;
Figure FDA0002374345610000067
is an independent variable of angle θ;
when in use
Figure FDA0002374345610000068
In time, the bending moment equation under the action of the stress F at the arch vertex O is as follows:
Figure FDA0002374345610000069
2) removing the load F, and applying unit load along the horizontal axial direction as follows:
Figure FDA00023743456100000610
3) equation of bending moment under unit load
Figure FDA00023743456100000611
Wherein E is Young modulus, and I is elastic beam inertia moment;
order to
Figure FDA00023743456100000612
Expressed as:
Figure FDA0002374345610000071
A0O0B0and A1C1B1Positional FBG1 center wavelength λ01And λω1Can be described as:
Figure FDA0002374345610000072
wherein λ is1Is the FBG1 initial center wavelength in the horizontal state; p is a radical ofeIs the effective bole coefficient, epsilon, of the fiber grating01And ε1Is A0O0B0And A1C1B1Strain of location;
will be delta epsilon1Band-in, known by the Taylor expansion equation:
Figure FDA0002374345610000073
wherein S is1Is the pressure sensitivity of the FBG 1; delta lambdaFBG1Is the FBG1 center wavelength variation;
the fourth optical fiber (308) is in a horizontal position in the initial state and is in A after being hung on the hanging part (306)2O2B2The strain variation from the initial undisturbed state at this time is:
Figure FDA0002374345610000074
wherein H2The central section of the fourth optical fiber (308) moves upwards by a distance L after being hung on the hanging part (306)2A length of a fourth optical fiber (308) in an undisturbed state; b is half of the width of the hanging part;
when the third carbon fiber elastic beam (302) is stressed to deform, the hanging part (306) is driven downwards, the fourth optical fiber (308) is displaced downwards by d, and the fourth optical fiber (308) is driven to generate strain; the third optical fiber (301) is at A2C2B2At the position, the strain variation is A2O2B2The positions are as follows:
Figure FDA0002374345610000075
wherein the vertical displacement d can be determined by the unit load method:
when in use
Figure FDA0002374345610000076
Then the corner of the stress point O is obtained
Figure FDA0002374345610000077
Figure FDA0002374345610000078
Wherein theta is a central angle of an arc section of the whole third carbon fiber elastic beam (302); mOThe torque is the O point torque under the stress state;
from the corner
Figure FDA0002374345610000079
Find MOAnd then, solving a lower bending moment equation under the action of the original load:
Figure FDA0002374345610000081
calculating the lower bending moment equation under unit load:
Figure FDA0002374345610000082
combining the expressions (23) to (25), the expression of the vertical displacement d (F) is obtained by using the unit load method:
Figure FDA0002374345610000083
at A2O2B2And A2C2B2Positional FBG2 center wavelength λ02And λω2The description is as follows:
Figure FDA0002374345610000084
wherein λ is2Is the center wavelength, p, of the fourth optical fiber (308) in the undisturbed stateeIs an effective bolete coefficient, epsilon02And ε2Respectively, a fourth optical fiber (308) is at A2O2B2And A2C2B2Strain of location;
substituting equation (22) into, simplify:
ΔλFBG2＝λω2-λ02＝S2·d(F) (28)
in the formula: s2For the pressure sensitivity of the FBG2 fiber optic sensor, d (f) is given by equation (26);
ΔλFBG1-ΔλFBG2＝S1·ΔL(F)+S2·d(F) (29)
in summary, for a single heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensor, the pressure change is detected through the relation between the FBG central wavelength deviation value and the stress of the sensor; for a plurality of heartbeat/respiration fiber grating sensors distributed on the back of a human body, the pressure generated by the heartbeat and the respiration on the sensors, namely heart rate and respiration parameters, is measured.
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