CN111147159A - Calibration circuit, calibration network and smart antenna - Google Patents
Calibration circuit, calibration network and smart antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111147159A CN111147159A CN201911418692.0A CN201911418692A CN111147159A CN 111147159 A CN111147159 A CN 111147159A CN 201911418692 A CN201911418692 A CN 201911418692A CN 111147159 A CN111147159 A CN 111147159A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
- H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
- H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
Abstract
The invention relates to a calibration circuit, a calibration network and a smart antenna, comprising a power distribution network module and a plurality of directional couplers. And the branch ports of the power distribution network module are electrically connected with one end of each directional coupler in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The directional coupler comprises a first coupling section and a second coupling section which are coupled and connected. The first coupling segment is for electrical connection between the smart antenna port and the antenna array. One end of the second coupling section is electrically connected with the branch port of the power distribution network module, and the other end of the second coupling section is grounded. Wherein the characteristic impedance of the first coupling section is smaller than the characteristic impedance of the second coupling section, and the electrical length of the first coupling section is greater than the electrical length of the second coupling section. By modifying each directional coupler in the calibration circuit, the asymmetric directional coupler is formed by two coupling sections with different characteristic impedances and different electrical lengths, and the asymmetric directional coupler and the power distribution network module form a new calibration circuit, so that the miniaturization degree of the calibration network is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a calibration circuit, a calibration network and an intelligent antenna.
Background
With the development of mobile communication technology, mobile communication has progressed to the age of 5G. After 5G is widely used commercially, the coexistence of 4G and 5G networks will last for a longer period of time. The 4G network system mainly includes FDD (Frequency Division duplex) and TDD (Time Division duplex). The mobile 4G network is mainly in TDD mode, and the TDD mode communication coverage requires a large number of smart antennas, so the application demand of these smart antennas will remain high.
In the smart antenna, a calibration network is a core component of the smart antenna and is used for acquiring amplitude and phase signals of unit antennas in the smart antenna so as to compensate amplitude and phase deviations generated when a base station processor is connected with the antenna. A conventional calibration network of the smart antenna mostly adopts a planar PCB (Printed Circuit Board) structure. However, in the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the traditional calibration network has the problem of low miniaturization degree.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide a calibration circuit, a calibration network and a smart antenna that can greatly improve the miniaturization of the calibration network.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
on one hand, the calibration circuit comprises a power distribution network module and a plurality of directional couplers, wherein each branch port of the power distribution network module is electrically connected with one end of each directional coupler in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the directional coupler comprises a first coupling section and a second coupling section which are coupled and connected, the first coupling section is used for being electrically connected between the intelligent antenna port and the antenna array, one end of the second coupling section is electrically connected with the branch port of the power distribution network module, and the other end of the second coupling section is grounded;
wherein the characteristic impedance of the first coupling section is smaller than the characteristic impedance of the second coupling section, and the electrical length of the first coupling section is greater than the electrical length of the second coupling section.
In one embodiment, the calibration circuit further includes a ground resistor, and the other end of the second coupling segment is grounded via the ground resistor.
In one embodiment, the characteristic impedance of the first coupling segment is 50 ohms and the ground resistance is 100 ohms.
In one embodiment, the electrical length of the first coupling section is a common design length and the electrical length of the second coupling section is equal to or less than one quarter of the common design length.
In one embodiment, the power distribution network module includes a plurality of cascaded power dividers, and the branch ports of the power dividers at the ends of the cascade are electrically connected to one end of the second coupling section.
In one embodiment, the power divider is a wilkinson power divider.
In one embodiment, the calibration circuit further includes a plurality of phase modulation branch arrays, and each phase modulation branch array is respectively disposed on a connection portion between each branch port of the power distribution network module and one end of each corresponding second coupling segment.
In another aspect, a calibration network is further provided, which includes a signal shunting circuit and the calibration circuit described above, and a calibration port of the calibration circuit is electrically connected to the signal shunting circuit.
In one embodiment, the calibration circuit and the signal shunt circuit are arranged on one surface of the circuit board.
In another aspect, a smart antenna is also provided, which includes the calibration network.
One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the calibration circuit, the calibration network and the intelligent antenna are characterized in that each directional coupler in the calibration circuit is modified, two coupling sections with different characteristic impedances and different electrical lengths form an asymmetric directional coupler, and the asymmetric directional coupler and the power distribution network module form a new calibration circuit. In the two coupling sections of the directional coupler, the second coupling section is a high-impedance coupling section and the electrical length is shortened, so that the strip line width of the second coupling section can be effectively reduced, the width of a coupling gap between the two coupling sections is greatly reduced, and the layout routing of the strip line is optimized, so that the occupied space of the coupler is greatly reduced, the sky space is obviously saved, the structure of the calibration circuit is more compact, and the miniaturization degree of the whole calibration network can be greatly improved; moreover, the directional coupler adopting the structure can reduce the generation of surface waves and has stronger anti-interference capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupler used in a conventional calibration network;
FIG. 2 is a first block diagram of an embodiment of a calibration circuit;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of an embodiment of a calibration circuit;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a third exemplary implementation of a calibration circuit;
FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of an embodiment of a calibration circuit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit configuration of the calibration network in one embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a calibration network according to another embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It is to be noted that, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional coupler used in a conventional calibration network, and it can be seen that the conventional directional coupler is composed of two coupling sections with the same electrical length and the same characteristic impedance, where P1 to P4 respectively represent ports of the directional coupler, and S1 represents a coupling gap width of the directional coupler. Generally, two coupling sections of a conventional directional coupler are coupling sections with an electrical length of a quarter wavelength, and in some application occasions, the coupling sections are further processed into coupling sections with a non-linear shape, such as a zigzag coupling section, an interdigital linear coupling section or a wave-shaped coupling section, so as to increase the coupling electrical length of the directional coupler, so as to reduce phase velocity imbalance of a microstrip line due to a mixed medium, increase the directivity of the directional coupler, reduce the influence of energy feedback of an antenna end on the coupling degree of a calibration network, and further improve the directivity and amplitude-phase interference resistance of the calibration network; the traditional directional coupler achieves the effects of compact structure and miniaturization design to a certain degree by reasonably utilizing the strip line layout of the power distribution network module. However, with the continuous development of the technology in the domain and the improvement of the application requirement, the defect that the traditional calibration network is not small in size is increasingly highlighted, and for this reason, the following technical solutions are provided in the present application:
referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, a calibration circuit 100 is provided, which includes a power distribution network module 12 and a plurality of directional couplers 14. The branch ports of the power distribution network module 12 are electrically connected to one end of the directional couplers 14 in a one-to-one correspondence. The directional coupler 14 includes a first coupling section 142 and a second coupling section 144 coupled together. The first coupling segment 142 is for electrical connection between the smart antenna port and the antenna array. One end of the second coupling segment 144 is electrically connected to the branch port of the power distribution network module 12, and the other end of the second coupling segment 144 is grounded. Wherein the characteristic impedance of the first coupling segment 142 is smaller than the characteristic impedance of the second coupling segment 144, and the electrical length of the first coupling segment 142 is greater than the electrical length of the second coupling segment 144.
It can be understood that the power distribution network module 12 is a power distribution circuit that divides a single input signal power into two or more output signal powers, and the power distribution network module 12 may also combine the two or more output signal powers into a single input signal power. The power distribution network module 12 may be formed of a power divider in the art. The power distribution network module 12 includes a merging port and a plurality of branch ports, the merging port of the power distribution network module 12 is used to electrically connect a signal shunt circuit in the calibration network, and the power distribution network module 12 is matched with each directional coupler 14 to implement a calibration function for the smart antenna.
The directional coupler 14 is a device capable of coupling signals, and can couple and output signals transmitted by the smart antenna port to the power distribution network module 12. The first coupling section 142 may be a coupling section of a directional coupler conventional in the art, and the second coupling section 144 may be a coupling section having a characteristic impedance higher than that of the first coupling section 142 and having a shortened electrical length, so that the first coupling section 142 and the second coupling section 144 are coupled to each other to form an asymmetric coupling structure, the strip line width of the second coupling section 144 is reduced, and the coupling gap between the first coupling section 142 and the second coupling section 144 is also reduced. Finally, the strip line width of the directional coupler 14 is effectively reduced, and the area of the check network required to be applied is favorably reduced.
The electrical connection between any directional coupler 14 and the smart antenna port and the antenna array can be understood by referring to the conventional electrical connection between the directional coupler and the smart antenna port and the antenna array in the art, and the description thereof is omitted. The same electrical connection between the power distribution network module 12 and the signal shunting circuit can be understood by referring to the electrical connection between the power distribution network module 12 and the signal shunting circuit in the prior art. The smart antenna port may be used to transmit radio frequency signals transmitted by the base station processor. The antenna array is a device capable of effectively radiating or receiving radio waves in the field, and the antenna array may include 1 element or a plurality of elements, which may be determined by the design requirements of the smart antenna for practical use.
Specifically, in practical application, the base station processor accesses the calibration circuit 100 through the smart antenna port, sends a radio frequency signal to the first coupling segment 142 of the directional coupler 14, and the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the antenna array through the first coupling segment 142 for transmission. During the transmission of the rf signal to the antenna array, the first coupling segment 142 couples part of the rf signal to the power distribution network module 12 based on the coupling effect of the first coupling segment 142 and the second coupling segment 144, so as to calibrate the smart antenna. Because each directional coupler 14 is a coupler with an asymmetric coupling structure, the directional coupler 14 can reduce the generation of surface waves in the process of transmitting radio frequency signals, so that the anti-interference performance of the calibration circuit 100 is stronger.
In the calibration circuit 100, each directional coupler 14 in the calibration circuit is modified, and the asymmetric directional coupler 14 is formed by two coupling sections with different characteristic impedances, i.e., different electrical lengths, and the new calibration circuit is formed by the two coupling sections and the power distribution network module 12. In the two coupling sections of the directional coupler 14, the second coupling section 144 is a high-impedance coupling section and the electrical length is shortened, so that the strip line width of the second coupling section 144 can be effectively reduced, the width of a coupling gap between the two coupling sections is greatly reduced, and the layout routing of the strip line is optimized, thereby greatly reducing the occupied space of the coupler, remarkably saving the sky space, enabling the structure of the calibration circuit 100 to be more compact, and greatly improving the miniaturization degree of the whole calibration network; moreover, the directional coupler 14 having the above structure can reduce the generation of surface waves, and has a higher interference rejection.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the calibration circuit 100 further includes a ground resistor 16. The other end of the second coupling segment 144 is grounded through a ground resistor 16.
It is understood that the second coupling section 144 may be terminated with the ground resistor 16 to achieve high impedance, and the resistance of the ground resistor 16 may be determined according to the characteristic impedance of the first coupling section 142, as long as the characteristic impedance of the second coupling section 144 is higher than the characteristic impedance of the first coupling section 142 to achieve the desired coupling effect. For example, but not limited to, the first coupling section 142 is a coupling section designed to match 50 ohms conventionally, the characteristic impedance of the second coupling section 144 may be selected to be greater than 50 ohms, and the characteristic impedance of the second coupling section 144 may be higher than that of the first coupling section 142 by selecting the ground resistor 16 with a resistance greater than 50 ohms to be terminated with the second coupling section 144.
By terminating the grounding resistor 16 with the second coupling segment 144, the effect of reducing the width of the strip line in a manner of terminating high resistance can be achieved, and the coupling effect of the directional coupler 14 can be effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the characteristic impedance of the first coupling segment 142 is 50 ohms and the ground resistance 16 is a 100 ohm resistance. It is understood that in the present embodiment, the first coupling section 142 adopts a coupling section design typical in the art, that is, adopts 50 ohm matching, so as to facilitate impedance matching with the antenna array. Correspondingly, the ground resistor 16 is a resistor with a typical value of 100 ohms, so that the electrical length of the second coupling section 144 can be far shorter than that of the first coupling section 142, the layout and routing of the strip lines are facilitated, coupling gaps between the lines are reduced, the generation of surface waves is reduced, the anti-interference performance is higher, and the impedance matching of the whole calibration circuit can be better realized.
In one embodiment, the electrical length of the first coupling segment 142 is a general design length and the electrical length of the second coupling segment 144 is equal to or less than one-fourth of the general design length.
It is understood that the general design length refers to a typical electrical length adopted by the directional coupler 14 in the conventional calibration network, and may be one value, or two or more values, for example, the electrical length of the two coupling sections of the above-mentioned directional coupler 14 with 50-ohm characteristic impedance is a quarter wavelength, and thus, the general design length may be a quarter wavelength.
As such, the electrical length of the second coupling segment 144 may be equal to one-quarter of the common design length or less, for example, may be one-sixteenth wavelength or less. As the characteristic impedance of the second coupling section 144 of the directional coupler 14 increases and the electrical length shortens, the strip line width of the second coupling section 144 may become smaller, and thus the coupling gap formed when coupled with the first coupling section 142 may be adjusted to be smaller. Taking the electrical length of the first coupling section 142 as a quarter wavelength and the electrical length of the second coupling section 144 as a sixteenth wavelength as an example, the two coupling sections of the conventional directional coupler are symmetrical, and the coupling gap width is S1, so that the coupling gap width of the directional coupler 14 after being adjusted to S in this embodiment can be reduced to three-tenth of S1, thereby greatly reducing the line width of the coupling sections, further effectively reducing the space occupied by the directional coupler 14, and improving the miniaturization degree of the calibration circuit.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the power distribution network module 12 includes a plurality of cascaded power dividers 122. The branch port of the power divider 122 at the end of the cascade is electrically connected to one end of the second coupling section 144.
It will be appreciated that each power splitter 122 may include a merging port and two or more branch ports. The power divider 122 at the end of the cascade refers to the power divider 122 at the last stage in the cascade; the last stage in the cascade includes at least four power dividers 122. Opposite the cascade end is a cascade head end, which refers to the power splitter 122 of the first stage in the cascade, which includes one power splitter 122. The power divider 122 may be a three-port power divider or a bridge in the art, or a power divider or a bridge with more than three ports, which may be determined according to the actual application requirements.
Specifically, the branch port of the power divider 122 at the end of the cascade is connected to one end of the second segment; the combined port of the power divider 122 at the head end of the cascade is connected to the signal splitting circuit. For example, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the number of the directional couplers 14 is 8, and the power distribution network module 12 is formed by cascading 7 power dividers 122. The cascade end of the power distribution network module 12 includes 4 power dividers 122, and the branch ports of the 4 power dividers 122 are connected to one end of the second coupling segment 144 of each directional coupler 14 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
It should be noted that in other application examples, other numbers of directional couplers 14 and power dividers 122 can be used in combination, as long as the required calibration function and miniaturization requirement can be effectively achieved, and a detailed discussion is omitted here. Through the combined design of the cascaded power divider 122 and each directional coupler 14, the calibration function of the smart antenna can be effectively supported, and meanwhile, the calibration performance can be effectively improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the power divider 122 is a wilkinson power divider. It is understood that in the present embodiment, a wilkinson power divider commonly used in the art is used for the cascade application. Taking a one-to-two wilkinson power divider as an example, seven one-to-two wilkinson power dividers are cascaded to form an eight-to-one wilkinson power divider network structure, and one end of the second coupling section 144 of each directional coupler 14 is electrically connected to a branch port of the wilkinson power divider of the cascaded final stage.
The Wilkinson power divider comprises an input strip line 1222, a differential impedance transformation section 1224, an isolation resistor 1226 and an output strip line 1228, wherein the output strip line 1228 of the previous Wilkinson power divider is connected with the input strip line 1222 of the next Wilkinson power divider, and the two are sequentially cascaded to form a one-eight Wilkinson power dividing network. The end of the one-eighth wilkinson power dividing network is connected with one end of the second coupling section 144 of the directional coupler 14, and the other end of the second coupling section 144 is electrically connected with the grounding resistor 16, so as to complete the matching of the whole calibration circuit.
Through the cascade connection of the Wilkinson power divider and the combined application of each directional coupler 14, the circuit structure of the calibration circuit 100 can be simplified, and the amplitude-phase anti-interference performance can be improved.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, the calibration circuit 100 further includes a plurality of phase modulation branch arrays 18. Each phase-modulating stub array 182 is disposed at a connection between each branch port of the power distribution network module 12 and one end of each corresponding second coupling segment 144.
It is understood that phase modulation branch array 182 is a branch array composed of phase modulation branches commonly used in the art, and may include a plurality of phase modulation branches, and the specific number may be determined according to the desired phase modulation effect. Each phase modulation branch can be a microstrip line structure. On the connection portion between any branch port and one end of the second coupling segment 144, the tail end of each phase modulation branch in the phase modulation branch array 182 is connected to the connection portion, and each phase modulation branch may be uniformly distributed on the same side of the connection portion, or divided into two parts which are respectively uniformly distributed on two sides of the connection portion.
Specifically, taking the wilkinson power divider as an example, in the present embodiment, the calibration circuit 100 may be formed by networking seven wilkinson power dividers, eight directional couplers 14, and eight phase modulation branch arrays 182. The phase modulation branch array 182 is disposed on the connection portion between the branch port of the power distribution network module 12 and one end of the directional coupler 14, so that the phase error caused by welding and cutting the cable can be adjusted in actual manufacturing, phase adjustment of each signal channel of the calibration circuit 100 is realized, and the calibration effect is further improved.
In one embodiment, phase modulation branch array 182 includes a first phase modulation branch, a second phase modulation branch, a third phase modulation branch, and a fourth phase modulation branch. The tail ends of the first phase modulation branch and the second phase modulation branch are respectively and electrically connected to one side of the connecting part; the tail ends of the third phase modulation branch and the fourth phase modulation branch are respectively and electrically connected to the other side of the connecting part. The first phase modulation branch, the second phase modulation branch, the third phase modulation branch and the fourth phase modulation branch are microstrip line structures respectively. The first phase modulation branch and the second phase modulation branch can be symmetrically arranged based on the connecting part; the third phase modulation branch and the fourth phase modulation branch can be symmetrically arranged based on the connecting part. In another application scenario, the first phase modulation branch, the second phase modulation branch, the third phase modulation branch and the fourth phase modulation branch can also be distributed on the same side of the connecting part, as long as the required phase modulation function can be realized.
In this embodiment, the phase modulation branch array 182 (including the first phase modulation branch, the second phase modulation branch, the third phase modulation branch and the fourth phase modulation branch) is installed at the connection portion between the branch port of the power distribution network module 12 and one end of the directional coupler 14, so as to adjust the phases of the signal channels of the calibration circuit 100 in this embodiment, and improve the calibration effect.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment, a calibration network 200 is further provided, which includes the signal splitting circuit 21 and the calibration circuit 100. The calibration port of the calibration circuit 100 is electrically connected to the signal shunting circuit 21.
It is understood that the signal splitting circuit 21 is a splitting unit for splitting a radio frequency signal and an RCU (remote control unit) control signal, and may be the signal splitting circuit 21 known in the art. The electrical connection between the signal shunting circuit 21 and the calibration port of the calibration circuit can be understood by referring to the conventional circuit connection between the signal shunting circuit 21 and the power distribution network module 12, and the detailed description is omitted here.
For a specific explanation of the calibration circuit 100 in the present embodiment, the same principle can be understood by referring to the corresponding explanations in the above specific embodiments of the calibration circuit 100, and details of the present embodiment and the following embodiments are not repeated.
Specifically, the signal shunt circuit 21 may include an AC coupling capacitor 212, a high impedance strip 214, a low impedance strip 216, a bypass filter capacitor 218, and a gas discharge tube 219. The AC coupling capacitor 212 is disposed between the calibration port of the calibration circuit and the high impedance strip 214, and is used to isolate the dc RCU control signal entering from the calibration port, so that the AC rf signal can pass through. The high impedance strip 214 is connected in series with the low impedance strip 216, and the electrical lengths of the high impedance strip 214 and the low impedance strip 216 are each approximately one quarter wavelength. A bypass filter capacitor 218 and a gas discharge tube 219 are disposed on the low impedance strip line 216 and connected to the metal ground 23 to form a completed filter circuit for filtering high frequency ac signals mixed in the dc RCU control signal.
After the rf signal and the RCU control signal entering from the same calibration port enter the signal shunting circuit 21, the signal shunting circuit 21 separates the two signals from each other, so that the rf signal is transmitted to the calibration circuit 100, and the RCU control signal is transmitted to the RCU control circuit, and the two signals do not interfere with each other. In some application examples, the number of the AC coupling capacitors 2121 connected to the signal splitting circuit 21 may be, but is not limited to, 1, the number of the bypass filter capacitors 218 may be two or more, and the number of the gas discharge tubes 219 connected to the signal splitting circuit may be 1, so as to provide the lightning protection function required by the calibration network and protect the back-end circuitry.
The calibration network 200 can effectively optimize the layout and routing of each strip line in the network by combining and applying the calibration circuit 100 and the signal shunt circuit 21, thereby greatly reducing the space occupied by the coupler in the network, obviously saving the sky space, enabling the structure of the calibration network 200 to be more compact, and greatly improving the miniaturization degree of the whole calibration network 100; moreover, the directional coupler 14 with the structure can reduce the generation of surface waves, and has stronger interference resistance, higher calibration performance and lower manufacturing cost.
Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the calibration circuit 100 and the signal splitting circuit 21 are disposed on a board surface of the circuit board 30.
It is understood that the circuit board may be a ceramic circuit board, an aluminum-based circuit board, or a PCB (Printed circuit board) board, etc. Take the circuit board as the PCB board for example, specifically, calibration circuit 100 and signal shunting circuit 21 can be integrated together on the same face of PCB board to make calibration network 100 integrate more, overall structure is compacter and can reduce the cost of manufacture, reaches the effect that further promotes miniaturization degree.
In one embodiment, a smart antenna is also provided, including the calibration network 200 described above.
It can be understood that, for the specific explanation of the calibration network 200 in this embodiment, the same process can be understood by referring to the corresponding explanation in the specific embodiment of each calibration network 200, and the detailed description is not repeated here. It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the smart antenna may further include other components, such as but not limited to an antenna array, which may be determined according to the actual structure of the smart antenna.
By applying the calibration network 200, the smart antenna can effectively realize the miniaturization design of the whole antenna, and can reduce the manufacturing cost. Based on the structure optimization design of the calibration network 200, the amplitude-phase consistency of the intelligent antenna can be effectively improved.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A calibration circuit is characterized by comprising a power distribution network module and a plurality of directional couplers, wherein each branch port of the power distribution network module is electrically connected with one end of each directional coupler in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the directional coupler comprises a first coupling section and a second coupling section which are coupled and connected, the first coupling section is used for being electrically connected between the intelligent antenna port and the antenna array, one end of the second coupling section is electrically connected with the branch port of the power distribution network module, and the other end of the second coupling section is grounded;
wherein a characteristic impedance of the first coupling section is less than a characteristic impedance of the second coupling section, and an electrical length of the first coupling section is greater than an electrical length of the second coupling section.
2. The calibration circuit of claim 1, further comprising a ground resistor through which the other end of the second coupling segment is grounded.
3. The calibration circuit of claim 2, wherein the characteristic impedance of the first coupling segment is 50 ohms and the ground resistance is 100 ohms.
4. The calibration circuit of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrical length of the first coupling section is a common design length and the electrical length of the second coupling section is equal to or less than a quarter of the common design length.
5. The calibration circuit of claim 4, wherein the power distribution network module comprises a plurality of cascaded power dividers, a branch port of the power divider at an end of a cascade electrically connected to one end of the second coupling segment.
6. The calibration circuit of claim 5, wherein the power divider is a Wilkinson power divider.
7. The calibration circuit of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of phase modulation stub arrays, each phase modulation stub array being disposed at a connection between each branch port of the power distribution network module and one end of each corresponding second coupling segment.
8. A calibration network comprising a signal splitting circuit and a calibration circuit according to any of claims 1 to 7, the calibration port of the calibration circuit being electrically connected to the signal splitting circuit.
9. The calibration network of claim 8, wherein the calibration circuit and the signal splitting circuit are disposed on a board side of the circuit board.
10. A smart antenna comprising the calibration network of claim 8 or 9.
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| CN201911418692.0A CN111147159A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Calibration circuit, calibration network and smart antenna |
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| CN201911418692.0A CN111147159A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Calibration circuit, calibration network and smart antenna |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112436281A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-03-02 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Array antenna and self-calibration network structure |
| CN113161740A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-23 | 佛山市粤海信通讯有限公司 | Isolation circuit structure of calibration port and RAE port |
| CN116387789A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 南京纳特通信电子有限公司 | Broadband high-power multi-path distribution synthesizer |
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2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911418692.0A patent/CN111147159A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112436281A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-03-02 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Array antenna and self-calibration network structure |
| CN112436281B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-04 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Array antenna and self-calibration network structure |
| CN113161740A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-23 | 佛山市粤海信通讯有限公司 | Isolation circuit structure of calibration port and RAE port |
| CN116387789A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-04 | 南京纳特通信电子有限公司 | Broadband high-power multi-path distribution synthesizer |
| CN116387789B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-08-15 | 南京纳特通信电子有限公司 | Broadband high-power multi-path distribution synthesizer |
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