CN111146565A - Satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna - Google Patents

Satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111146565A
CN111146565A CN201911386263.XA CN201911386263A CN111146565A CN 111146565 A CN111146565 A CN 111146565A CN 201911386263 A CN201911386263 A CN 201911386263A CN 111146565 A CN111146565 A CN 111146565A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
balun
borne
satellite
line
feed
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Pending
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CN201911386263.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
肖旭
吴迪
项阳
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Nanjing Yixin Aerospace Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Yixin Aerospace Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN201911386263.XA priority Critical patent/CN111146565A/en
Publication of CN111146565A publication Critical patent/CN111146565A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288Satellite antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna which comprises a balun which is vertically arranged, wherein a vertical balun through hole is formed in the balun, a feed pin is arranged in the balun through hole, a vertical yoke flow groove is formed in the balun and is communicated with the balun through hole, a feed piece is arranged at the top of the balun and is connected with the balun and the feed pin, a first spiral line and a second spiral line which are spirally raised around the vertical axis of the balun are arranged on the balun, the vertical projection radius of the first spiral line and the vertical projection radius of the second spiral line have a radius difference, and the bottom of the feed pin extends out of the balun through hole and is connected with a feed connector. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna is small in size, light in weight, simple and reliable in structure, high in gain at a low pitch angle, and wide-beam radiation is achieved.

Description

Satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of satellite antennas, and particularly relates to a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna.
Background
The L-band antenna is installed on a satellite, and has the main functions of matching with other parts to establish an information transmission channel between the satellite and a measurement and control ground station to complete satellite-ground measurement and control and communication.
Therefore, how to make a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna have high gain at a low pitch angle while being small and light is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna, and solves the problems that the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna in the prior art is large in size, heavy in weight, low in gain at a low pitch angle and difficult to realize wide beam radiation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna, which comprises a balun which is vertically arranged, wherein the balun is provided with a vertical balun through hole, a feed pin is arranged in the balun through hole, the balun is provided with a vertical yoke flow groove, the yoke flow groove is communicated with the balun through hole, the top of the balun is provided with a feed piece, the feed piece is connected with the balun and the feed pin, the balun is provided with a first helical line and a second helical line which are spirally raised around the vertical axis of the balun, the vertical projection radius of the first helical line and the vertical projection radius of the second helical line have a radius difference, and the bottom of the feed pin extends out of the balun through hole and is connected with a feed connector.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention, the feeder needle is stepped, and includes an upper feeder needle end, a feeder needle body, and a lower feeder needle end, and diameters of the upper feeder needle end, the feeder needle body, and the lower feeder needle end are sequentially reduced.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention, two ends of the first helical line and the second helical line are respectively connected to the upper portion and the lower portion of the balun, the first helical line and the second helical line are alternately arranged around a vertical axis of the balun, and helical directions of the first helical line and the second helical line are the same.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention, the balun is cylindrical, the yoke runner extends downward from an upper end surface of the balun to a middle portion of the balun, and divides an upper portion of the balun into a first half cylinder and a second half cylinder which are oppositely disposed, and the feed tab overlaps an upper end surface of the first half cylinder and an upper end surface of the feed pin.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna, on the first semicylinder, a bent part at the upper end of one first helix and a bent part at the upper end of one second helix are respectively connected to the first semicylinder at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction; on the second semi-cylinder, the bending part at the upper end of the other first spiral line and the bending part of the other second spiral line are respectively connected with the second semi-cylinder at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention, the lower ends of the first helical line and the second helical line are combined with a connecting portion disposed at the lower portion of the balun, and the lower ends of the first helical line and the second helical line are also respectively bent to form a bent portion to be connected to the connecting portion.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention, a stepped groove is formed in the balun through-hole, and a gasket for fixing the feed pin is disposed in the stepped groove.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, a cover plate for fixing the feed tab to the balun is further disposed on the upper end surface of the balun.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention, the shape of the feed sheet is adapted to the shape of the upper end surface of the first semi-cylinder, and a connection ring for connecting the feed pin is further disposed at a side of the feed sheet.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, a base is disposed at a lower end of the balun.
In another embodiment of the space-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, the yoke runner is U-shaped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna which comprises a balun which is vertically arranged, wherein a vertical balun through hole is formed in the balun, a feed pin is arranged in the balun through hole, a vertical yoke flow groove is formed in the balun and is communicated with the balun through hole, a feed piece is arranged at the top of the balun and is connected with the balun and the feed pin, a first spiral line and a second spiral line which are spirally raised around the vertical axis of the balun are arranged on the balun, the vertical projection radius of the first spiral line and the vertical projection radius of the second spiral line have a radius difference, and the bottom of the feed pin extends out of the balun through hole and is connected with a feed connector. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna is small in size, light in weight, simple and reliable in structure, high in gain at a low pitch angle, and wide-beam radiation is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first spiral line in another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band spiral antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first helix rotated 90 in the horizontal direction in the embodiment of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feed pin in another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a radiation characteristic diagram of another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It is to be noted that, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, fig. 2 is a top view of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, fig. 4 is an exploded schematic view of another embodiment of a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic view of a feed pin of another embodiment of a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, in combination with fig. 1 to 8, the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna includes a vertically arranged balun 1, the balun 1 is provided with a vertical balun through hole 11, the balun through hole 11 is provided with the feed pin 2, the balun 1 is provided with a vertical yoke runner 12, the yoke runner 12 is communicated with the balun through hole 11, the top of the balun 1 is provided with a feed tab 3, the feed tab 3 is connected with the balun 1 and the feed pin 2, the balun 1 is provided with a first helix 4 and a second helix which are spirally raised 5. It is to be noted here that when the first helix 4 and the second helix 5 are helically rotated around the vertical axis of the balun 1, there are two cases, one is that the vertical projection of the helices is circular, so that the horizontal distance from each point on the helices to the vertical axis in the horizontal direction is equal, i.e. the helices are rotated up around the vertical axis of the balun at equal distances; another situation is that the vertical projection of the helix is not circular but is approximately elliptical, so that the horizontal distance of each point on the helix in the horizontal direction to the vertical axis is unequal, i.e. the helix does not rise rotationally equidistantly around the vertical axis of the balun.
We are only directed to the first case here, and therefore the vertical projection radius of the first spiral 4 refers to the radius of the circular projection of the spiral 4, and the vertical projection radius of the second spiral 5 refers to the radius of the circular projection of the spiral 5. Preferably, the vertical projection radius of the first spiral line 4 and the vertical projection radius of the second spiral line 5 have a radius difference, and the bottom of the feed pin 2 extends out of the balun through hole 11 and is connected with a feed connector.
Preferably, the first spiral line 4 is formed with a first spiral radius R1 equidistantly around the vertical axis of the balun 1, that is, the vertical projection radius of the first spiral line 4, the second spiral line 5 is formed with a second spiral radius R2 equidistantly around the vertical axis of the balun 1, that is, the vertical projection radius of the second spiral line 5, the first spiral radius and the second spiral radius have a radius difference, the first spiral radius is larger than the second spiral radius, specifically, the first spiral radius R1 is 18.5mm, the second spiral radius R2 is 15.5mm, the radius difference between the first spiral radius R1 and the second spiral radius R2 is 3mm, and a phase difference can be generated by using the radius difference between the first spiral line and the second spiral line, so as to form a circularly polarized wave.
The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna has the total height of 63mm, small volume and light weight, and meets the miniaturization requirement.
Further preferably, a base 13 is disposed at the lower end of the balun 1, the base 13 is disc-shaped, and a plurality of fixing holes 131 are formed in the base 13, so that the antenna can be firmly fixed on a plane by screws.
Further preferably, the yoke runner is U-shaped, and the yoke runner 12 is provided to balance the current and ensure that the current can smoothly flow into the first spiral line and the second spiral line.
More preferably, the balun 1 is made of metal.
Preferably, the needle feeder 2 is stepped, and includes an upper needle feeder end 21, a needle feeder body 22, and a lower needle feeder end 23, and the diameters of the upper needle feeder end 21, the needle feeder body 22, and the lower needle feeder end 23 are sequentially reduced. The feed pin is composed of three sections of cylinders with different diameters, is in a step shape, and aims to adjust impedance matching so as to form circularly polarized radiation.
Preferably, the upper end 21 of the feeding needle is provided with a blind hole 24 along the axis of the feeding needle 2, and the blind hole 24 can be connected with the feeding sheet 3.
Further preferably, the feeder needle 2 is made of metal.
Preferably, the upper end surface of the balun 1 is further provided with a cover plate 6 for fixing the feed piece 3 on the balun 1, the shape of the cover plate 6 is matched with that of the upper end surface of the balun, and the cover plate 6 is provided with a screw hole 61.
More preferably, the cover plate 6 is made of polyimide.
Preferably, the balun 1 is cylindrical, the yoke runner 12 extends downward from the upper end surface of the balun 1 to the middle of the balun 1, and divides the upper half portion of the balun 1 into a first semi-cylinder 14 and a second semi-cylinder 15 which are oppositely arranged, and the feed piece 3 overlaps the upper end surface of the first semi-cylinder 14 and the upper end surface of the feed needle 2. The arrangement of the feed tab facilitates the connection of the feed pin 2 and the balun 1.
Further preferably, the upper end surface of the first semi-cylinder 14 is lower than the upper end surface of the second semi-cylinder 15, and the upper end surface of the first semi-cylinder 14 is flush with the upper end surface of the feeder 2. This kind of setting does benefit to and feeds piece 3 overlap joint to be presented needle 2 and first halfcylinder 14 back can with the up end parallel and level of second halfcylinder 15, and the apron 6 of being convenient for is fixed to be presented piece 3.
Preferably, the two ends of the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5 are respectively connected with the upper part and the lower part of the balun 1, the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5 are arranged around the vertical axis of the balun 1 in an alternating manner, and the spiral directions of the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5 are the same.
Preferably, the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5 are two in number and arranged alternately.
Preferably, the first spiral wire 4 and the second spiral wire 5 are made of metal.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, the first semi-cylinder 14 connects the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5, the second semi-cylinder 15 connects the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line, and the lower portion of the balun 1 is provided with a connecting portion 16 extending outward, and the connecting portion 16 connects the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first spiral line in another embodiment of the satellite-borne L-band helical antenna of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the first spiral line in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 after being rotated by 90 ° in a horizontal direction, and a second spiral line is similar to the first spiral line, and is not separately shown in the drawings, and in combination with fig. 2, 3 and 4, it can be seen that when the upper ends of the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5 are combined with the first semi-cylinder 14 and the second semi-cylinder 15, the upper ends of the first spiral line 4 and the second spiral line 5 are bent to form a bent portion, such as the bent portions 41 and 42 corresponding to the first spiral line 4, and the bent portions 51 and 52 corresponding to the second spiral line 5, through which the bent portions are horizontally aligned with the centers of the first semi-cylinder 14 and the second semi-cylinder 15, and are. In the first semi-cylindrical column 14, the bent portion 41 of the first spiral wire 4 and the bent portion 51 of the second spiral wire 5 are spaced apart by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. In the second half-cylinder 15, the bent portion 42 of the other first spiral 4 is also circumferentially spaced by 90 degrees from the bent portion 52 of the other second spiral 5. The projections of the two curved portions 41 and 42 corresponding to the two first spiral lines 4 on the horizontal plane are on a straight line, and the projections of the two curved portions 51 and 52 corresponding to the two second spiral lines 5 on the horizontal plane are also on a straight line.
The lower extreme of first helix 4 and second helix 5 is when combining with connecting portion 16, also bends at the lower extreme of first helix 4 and second helix 5 and forms a flexion, and the flexion of first helix 4 upper end equals with the flexion length of lower extreme, and the flexion of second helix 5 upper end also equals with the flexion length of lower extreme, and the flexion structure of these two helices lower extreme is similar with the upper end, and it is no longer repeated here.
Preferably, the projection of the upper end of the first spiral wire 4 on the horizontal plane and the projection of the lower end of the first spiral wire 4 on the horizontal plane are on a straight line, and the included angle between the two projections is 180 degrees, so that the first spiral wire 4 actually rotates spirally by 180 degrees. Likewise, the second spiral line 5 has the same spiral arrangement structure as the first spiral line 4, and will not be described in detail here.
Preferably, a stepped groove is formed in the through hole of the balun 1, and a gasket 7 for fixing the feeding needle 2 is arranged in the stepped groove.
Preferably, the gasket 7 is sleeved on the feeding needle 2, and specifically, the gasket 7 is sleeved on the feeding needle upper end 21 and is arranged in the stepped groove in a matching manner, so that the stability of the feeding needle 2 in the balun 1 is enhanced.
More preferably, the material of the gasket 7 is polyimide.
Preferably, the shape of the feed plate 3 is matched with the shape of the upper end surface of the first semi-cylinder 14, and the side edge of the feed plate 3 is further provided with a connection ring 31 for connecting the feed needle 2, specifically, one side of the feed plate 3 is semicircular and is arranged on the first semi-cylinder 14, the other side of the feed plate is provided with the connection ring 31, and the semicircular side of the feed plate 3 is further provided with a screw hole 32 for facilitating the screw connection with the first semi-cylinder 14 and the cover plate 6.
Preferably, the feed piece 3 is made of metal.
Preferably, the connecting ring 31 of the feeding sheet 3 corresponds to the blind hole 24, and the connecting ring 31 and the blind hole 24 are connected by a countersunk head screw, and similarly, the feeding sheet 3 is connected with the first semi-cylinder 14 by a screw through screw hole 32, so as to achieve the purpose that the feeding sheet 3 is firmly lapped on the feeding needle 2 and the first semi-cylinder 14.
Preferably, when the feeding piece 3 is completely arranged, the cover plate 6 covers the feeding piece 3 and the second semi-cylinder 15, and a screw is inserted through the screw hole 61 so that the cover plate 6 is fixedly connected with the balun 1.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the antenna gain diagram of the antenna at the azimuth angle of 0 degrees and 90 degrees shows that the gain is greater than 4.2dBi at the frequency of 1.6GHz and greater than 4.5dBi at the frequency of 1.74 GHz.
Based on the above embodiment, the invention discloses a satellite-borne L-band helical antenna, which comprises a balun which is vertically arranged, wherein the balun is provided with a vertical balun through hole, a feed pin is arranged in the balun through hole, the balun is provided with a vertical yoke flow groove, the yoke flow groove is communicated with the balun through hole, the top of the balun is provided with a feed piece, the feed piece is connected with the balun and the feed pin, the balun is provided with a first helical line and a second helical line which spirally rise around the vertical axis of the balun, the vertical projection radius of the first helical line and the vertical projection radius of the second helical line have a radius difference, and the bottom of the feed pin extends out of the balun through hole and is connected with a feed connector. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna is small in size, light in weight, simple and reliable in structure, high in gain at a low pitch angle, and wide-beam radiation is achieved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A satellite-borne L-band helical antenna is characterized by comprising a balun which is vertically arranged, wherein a vertical balun through hole is formed in the balun, a feed pin is arranged in the balun through hole, a vertical yoke flow groove is formed in the balun and is communicated with the balun through hole, a feed piece is arranged at the top of the balun and is connected with the balun and the feed pin, a first helical line and a second helical line which are spirally raised at equal intervals around the vertical axis of the balun are arranged on the balun, the vertical projection radius of the first helical line and the vertical projection radius of the second helical line have a radius difference, and the bottom of the feed pin extends out of the balun through hole and is connected with a feed connector.
2. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeder is stepped and comprises an upper feeder end, a lower feeder end and a lower feeder end, and the diameters of the upper feeder end, the lower feeder end and the lower feeder end are sequentially reduced.
3. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to claim 2, wherein the number of the first helical line and the number of the second helical line are two, the two ends of the first helical line and the second helical line are respectively connected with the upper portion and the lower portion of the balun, the first helical line and the second helical line are alternately arranged around the vertical axis of the balun, and the helical directions of the first helical line and the second helical line are the same.
4. The spaceborne L-band helical antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein the balun is cylindrical, the yoke runner extends downward from an upper end surface of the balun to a middle portion of the balun and divides an upper portion of the balun into a first half cylinder and a second half cylinder which are oppositely arranged, and the feed piece overlaps an upper end surface of the first half cylinder and an upper end surface of the feed pin.
5. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to claim 4, wherein the bent portion at the upper end of one of the first helices and the bent portion at the upper end of one of the second helices are respectively connected to the first half cylinder at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction; on the second semi-cylinder, the bending part at the upper end of the other first spiral line and the bending part of the other second spiral line are respectively connected with the second semi-cylinder at intervals of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction.
6. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to claim 5, wherein the lower ends of the first helical line and the second helical line are combined with a connecting portion arranged at the lower portion of the balun, and the lower ends of the first helical line and the second helical line are respectively bent to form a bending portion to be connected to the connecting portion.
7. The satellite-borne L-band helical antenna according to claim 6, wherein a stepped groove is formed in the balun through hole, and a gasket for fixing the feed pin is arranged in the stepped groove.
8. The spaceborne L-band helical antenna as claimed in claim 7, wherein the upper end face of the balun is further provided with a cover plate for fixing the feed piece on the balun.
9. The spaceborne L-band helical antenna as claimed in claim 8, wherein the shape of the feed piece is matched with the shape of the upper end face of the first semi-cylinder, and a connecting ring for connecting the feed pin is further arranged on the side edge of the feed piece.
10. The space-borne L-band helical antenna according to claim 9, wherein a base is disposed at a lower end of the balun.
CN201911386263.XA 2019-12-29 2019-12-29 Satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna Pending CN111146565A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911386263.XA CN111146565A (en) 2019-12-29 2019-12-29 Satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911386263.XA CN111146565A (en) 2019-12-29 2019-12-29 Satellite-borne L-frequency-band helical antenna

Publications (1)

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CN111146565A true CN111146565A (en) 2020-05-12

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112350063A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-09 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 Helical antenna structure convenient to debug and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112350063A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-09 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 Helical antenna structure convenient to debug and manufacturing method thereof
CN112350063B (en) * 2020-11-02 2023-04-07 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 Helical antenna structure convenient to debug and manufacturing method thereof

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