CN111143980B - Method for calculating opening of check valve of high-pressure oil pipe - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 107
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/04—Means for damping vibrations or pressure fluctuations in injection pump inlets or outlets
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure oil pipes, and discloses a method for calculating the opening of a check valve of a high-pressure oil pipe. And finally, calculating the periodic working time by adopting iterative calculation so as to determine the opening time setting of the one-way valve. Compared with the prior art, the method can obtain the accurate opening time of the one-way valve when the high-pressure oil pipe reaches the stable pressure state by establishing and solving the model, and can effectively control the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe to reach the stable state by controlling the opening time of the one-way valve. The fuel system can not have the bad working states of oil pipe burst, secondary oil injection and the like, and the safe and efficient operation of the fuel system is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure oil pipes, in particular to a method for calculating the opening of a check valve of a high-pressure oil pipe, which can achieve the purpose of controlling pressure by controlling the opening time of the check valve in the oil pipe to stabilize the pressure in the oil pipe.
Background
The high-pressure oil pipe is a part for connecting the oil injector and the high-pressure oil pump, is a key part on the diesel engine, and is widely applied.
The working pressure of the high-pressure oil pipe is very high, generally between 800bar and 2000bar, the fuel pressure of the high-pressure oil pipe is in periodic fluctuation when the high-pressure oil pipe works, so that the high-pressure oil pipe also bears violent vibration, fuel enters the high-pressure oil pipe from an outlet of a plunger cavity of the high-pressure oil pump during the working process of a fuel system, when the pressure in the plunger cavity is greater than the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe, a one-way valve connected with the plunger cavity and the high-pressure oil pipe is opened, and the fuel enters the high-pressure oil pipe. The length of the oil supply time can be controlled by a worker through a one-way valve switch.
The entry and ejection of fuel into and out of the high pressure fuel line is the basis for the operation of many fuel engines. The working principle of the high-pressure fuel system is that fuel enters a high-pressure oil pipe through a high-pressure oil pump and then flows through the high-pressure oil pipe to be sprayed out from a nozzle connected with the high-pressure oil pipe. In order to keep the flowing state of the fuel stable and ensure that the fuel ejection quantity does not deviate, the accurate opening time of the one-way valve when the high-pressure oil pipe reaches the stable pressure state needs to be obtained, and the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe can be effectively controlled to reach the stable state by controlling the opening time of the one-way valve, so the invention provides a calculation method for opening the one-way valve of the high-pressure oil pipe, and the problems are effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for calculating the opening of the check valve of the high-pressure oil pipe, which can obtain the accurate opening time of the check valve when the high-pressure oil pipe reaches the stable pressure state by establishing and solving a model, effectively control the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe to reach the stable state, prevent the fuel system from generating poor working states such as oil pipe burst and secondary oil injection and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the fuel system.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a method for calculating the opening of a check valve of a high-pressure oil pipe, which comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing an oil injection rate model of an oil injector, a fuel flow model of a high-pressure oil pipe and a correlation model of the internal elastic modulus of the high-pressure oil pipe and pressure;
s2: the model in the S1 is combined with the mass conservation principle to calculate the opening time of the one-way valve under the steady-state pressure;
s3: carrying out derivation and conversion on the model in S1, constructing a differential equation and converting the differential equation into a differential equation model;
s4: performing model simulation test by using iterative calculation of a difference equation model in S3, and determining that the pressure in the oil pipe can reach the steady-state pressure within the opening time of the check valve calculated in S2;
s5: and solving the optimal opening strategy of the one-way valve according to the opening time of the one-way valve of S4.
Further, the oil injection process of the oil injector is divided into three stages, and the oil injection rate model of the oil injector is established as a piecewise function model which is as follows:
wherein v ismaxRepresenting the maximum injection rate, k being the coefficient, t being the injection time, t1For the end of injection of the first stageM, t2The end time of the second stage injection.
Further, the high-pressure oil pipe fuel flow model is as follows:
wherein Q is the amount of fuel flowing through the orifice per unit time, C is 0.85, a is the area of the orifice, Δ p is the pressure difference across the orifice, and ρ is the density of the high-pressure fuel.
Further, in S1, a functional relationship model is obtained by fitting the values of the elastic modulus and the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe of the same fuel system, so as to establish a correlation model of the elastic modulus and the pressure, where the correlation model of the elastic modulus and the pressure is:
E(p)＝0.0001018p3-0.0010935p2+5.474p+1532.1062
wherein E is the elastic modulus, p is the fuel pressure, and ρ is the fuel density.
Further, the pressure variation of the fuel is proportional to the density variation, and has the following formula:
wherein,
as a proportionality coefficient, Δ p is a pressure variation amount, and Δ ρ is a density variation amount.
Further, the difference equation model in S3 is:
where ρ is represented by p (t), the function is denoted as ρ ═ f (p (t)), and the fuel pressure p (t + Δ t) at any time can be obtained from the fuel pressure p (t) at the previous time t, where t represents any time and Δ t is the operating time of the fuel system.
Further, the iterative calculation of the difference equation model in S4 adopts a dichotomy to perform a time search.
Has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the accurate opening time of the one-way valve when the high-pressure oil pipe reaches the stable pressure state can be obtained by establishing and solving the model, and the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe can be effectively controlled to reach the stable state by controlling the opening time of the one-way valve. The fuel system can not have the bad working states of oil pipe burst, secondary oil injection and the like, and the safe and efficient operation of the fuel system is ensured.
2. According to the method, a function relation model is obtained by fitting the numerical values of the elastic modulus and the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe of the same fuel system, so that a correlation model of the elastic modulus and the pressure is established, the relation among the fuel pressure p, the fuel density rho, the time T and the like is further obtained, the method is beneficial to model conversion, a differential equation model is established, the differential equation model is utilized to carry out a fuel system pressure simulation experiment for pressure stability test, and the method is more beneficial to accurate opening time calculation of the one-way valve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the check valve opening calculation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a fuel injection rate model according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the modulus of elasticity E versus pressure p fit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a pressure-density p-p and density-pressure p-p fit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulation pressure state diagram, i.e., a simulation experiment model inspection diagram, according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the behavior of the check valve of the present invention over time.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When the pressure in the plunger cavity is higher than the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe, the one-way valve connected with the plunger cavity and the high-pressure oil pipe is opened, and the fuel oil enters the high-pressure oil pipe. The length of the oil supply time can be controlled by a worker through a one-way valve switch. The accurate opening time of the one-way valve when the high-pressure oil pipe reaches the stable pressure state can be obtained by establishing and solving a model, and the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe can be effectively controlled to reach the stable state by controlling the opening time of the one-way valve. The fuel system can not have poor working states such as oil pipe burst, secondary oil injection and the like, and the safe and efficient operation of the fuel system is ensured.
The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure oil pipes, and discloses a method for calculating the opening of a check valve of a high-pressure oil pipe. The method mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1: modeling
1. Establishing a fuel injection rate model of a fuel injector
According to the actual working condition of the oil injector, the oil injector continuously works at the highest speed every time the oil injector works for a period of time, and then the speed is gradually reduced until the oil injection is stopped. In the invention, the oil injection process of the oil injector is divided into three stages, and the oil injection rate model of the oil injector is established as a piecewise function model.
Setting parameters:
fuel injector injection rate model:
2. establishing a fuel flow model of a high-pressure oil pipe
In the actual working process of the fuel system, the flow rate of the inlet and outlet high-pressure oil pipes is determined by the pressure difference between the inside of the high-pressure oil pipes and the upper side and the lower side of the small holes of the connecting part of the high-pressure oil pump, and is related to the area of the small holes of the connecting part of the oil pump and the high-pressure oil pipes. Thereby creating a mathematical model.
Setting parameters:
the high-pressure oil pipe fuel flow model:
q in the model is the amount of fuel (mm) flowing through the orifice per unit time3) Where C is 0.85, and A is the area of the orifice (mm)2) Δ p (mpa) is the pressure difference across the orifice, ρ (mg/mm)3) Is the density of the high pressure fuel.
3. Establishing a correlation model of the internal elastic modulus of the high-pressure oil pipe and the pressure
In the working process of the fuel system, the elastic modulus of the oil pipe in the high-pressure oil pipe changes along with the change of the internal pressure of the high-pressure oil pipe, and the correlation relationship between the elastic modulus and the pressure is generated.
Table 1: pressure-elastic modulus numerical table
The invention obtains a relational expression of the pressure and the elastic modulus by carrying out numerical fitting on a pressure-elastic modulus numerical table, and then converts the intermediate linkage quantity elastic modulus E to further obtain the relation among the fuel pressure p, the fuel density rho, the time T and the like, wherein the fitting curve graph of the elastic modulus E and the pressure p is shown in an attached figure 2.
The relationship E, p can be obtained by numerical fitting, and a cubic expression of E ═ E (p) is obtained, and the fitting result is as follows:
E(p)＝0.0001018p3-0.0010935p2+5.474p+1532.1062 (3)
as can be seen from fig. 2, there is a correlation between the elastic modulus E and the fuel pressure p with a very high goodness of fit. By combining a high-pressure oil pipe fuel flow model, the pressure variation of the fuel is in direct proportion to the density variation, and the proportionality coefficient is
Assuming that the pressure variation is Δ p and the density variation is Δ ρ, the following equation is given:
step 2: model transformation and model derivation
Converting the formula (4) to construct a differential equation:
according to the differential equation and the corresponding fuel density value under the stable pressure, the numerical solution of the density and the pressure in a certain pressure range and a certain density range can be solved. According to the numerical solution, each rho can be in one-to-one correspondence with each p, and if the relation between p and rho cannot be clearly seen only by means of the numerical solution, the p and rho can be subjected to numerical fitting in a fitting mode again
In the present invention, it is assumed that the stable pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe is 100MPa, and the corresponding density under the pressure is 0.85mg/mm3The pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe is not more than 160 Mpa.
The system of equations can be found in parallel:
solving the corresponding numerical solutions of p ∈ [0,200], rho ∈ [0.8,0.89], and fitting the values of p and rho to obtain the following relation:
according to the above relation, a p-p and a p-p fitting curve can be drawn, see FIG. 3.
As can be seen from fig. 3, a curve polynomial relationship is satisfied between p and p, and either p or p meeting the range condition can find the corresponding other value. Such as density ρ when the pressure is 1601600.8711 can be derived directly and correspond one-to-one on two numerical fit plots.
The steps of the simple document are as follows:
(1) and setting a variable.
At any time t when the oil pipe works, the pressure is p (t); mass m (t); a density ρ (t); according to any time t, a infinitesimal delta (t) is taken as a time interval [ t, t + delta t [ ]]Completely belongs to the one-way valve switch interval, approximately treats the interval as a point, and lets Δ (t) → 0+。
(2) And (5) equation derivation.
Setting m (t + delta t) as the fuel mass after delta (t) time for starting work, and calculating the mass m (t) + the fuel mass entering the fuel pipe (m)c[t,t+Δt]) Mass of injected fuel (m)l[t,t+Δt])。
In the formula (5), v (t) is the injection rate of the injector injection rate model, and τ (t) and δ (t) are indicative functions:
the transposition becomes:
in the formula, the fitting result of the formula is known,
that is, ρ is expressed as p (t), and a function ρ ═ f (p (t)) is expressed, and a differential equation is obtained by limiting and differentiating the above equation, and an updated differential equation is substituted according to the mass equation m (t) ═ ρ (t) × v to obtain
And performing chain rule conversion on the differential equation to obtain the differential equation:
converting the differential equation into a differential equation model:
according to the theorem model, the pressure p meets p (t) which changes along with time, the fuel pressure p (t + delta t) at any moment can be obtained from the fuel pressure p (t) at the last moment t, and the working time of each period, namely the opening time of the one-way valve, can be verified by carrying out iterative calculation on the model.
The calculation of the opening time of the check valve is carried out on the assumption of specific values and simulation check is carried out as follows:
the length of an inner cavity of a high-pressure oil pipe of a certain model is 500mm, the inner diameter of the high-pressure oil pipe is 10mm, the diameter of a small hole of an oil supply inlet is 1.4mm, the oil supply time is controlled by a one-way valve switch, and the one-way valve is closed for 10ms after being opened once. Oil injectionThe device works 10 times per second, the oil injection time is 2.4ms and the highest oil injection speed is 20mm3And/ms, the fastest oil injection rate is achieved when the engine works for 0.2ms, and the engine continuously works for 2ms at the fastest oil injection rate. The pressure provided by the high-pressure oil pump at the inlet is constantly 160MPa, and the initial pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe is 100 MPa. The pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe in a stable state is about 100 MPa.
And calculating the opening time of the one-way valve according to the assumption of various parameters in the high-pressure oil pipe.
1. Calculating the mass of the sprayed fuel according to a fuel injection rate model, and calculating the opening duration of the one-way valve according to a mass conservation law:
model diagram of injection rate referring to fig. 4, it is assumed from the values that the check valve is closed for 10ms after each opening. The oil injector works 10 times per second, the oil injection time is 2.4ms and the highest oil injection speed is 20mm3And/ms, the fastest oil injection rate is achieved when the engine works for 0.2ms, and the engine continuously works for 2ms at the fastest oil injection rate. The mass of fuel injected in the fuel system can be determined by a fuel injection rate model.
According to the law of conservation of mass: m (t + delta t) is the fuel mass after the fuel system starts to work delta (t), and the calculation mode is that the mass m (t) of the raw fuel + the mass (m) of the fuel entering the fuel pipec[t,t+Δt]) Mass of injected fuel (m)l[t,t+Δt])
Let mInflow into-m Spraying out0, and pmax、pSteady state、ρpAnd (5) simultaneously establishing an equation set and solving the equation set. Finding the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipeAnd in a steady state, solving the opening duration t of the one-way valve, wherein the opening duration t of the one-way valve is 0.2876 ms.
2. Performing model transformations
And (3) performing model conversion on the fuel mass conservation equation model, and converting the mass conservation equation model into a pressure-time difference equation model equation according to the derivation process in the model II (the detailed conversion process refers to the step 2: model conversion and model derivation), wherein the difference equation model refers to the formula (6).
3. Binary search validation range and model simulation verification
And (2) carrying out time search by utilizing a dichotomy in an iteration mode according to a differential equation model formula (6), defining a minimum time of 0.1ms and then defining a maximum time of 0.5ms on the basis of an infinite divisible idea, continuously dividing a search interval into two, enabling two end points of the interval to continuously approach an accurate value point, carrying out opening time search of the one-way valve near 0.35ms, confirming the opening time range of the one-way valve, reducing the interval within the time range of 0.1ms-0.35ms, continuously inputting new values to test that the value with the pressure stabilized at 100MPa is close to a true value, and stabilizing the pressure value at 100MPa when the opening time of the one-way valve is solved by substituting numerical assumptions.
4. Performing model simulation
Performing model simulation by inputting actual numerical values
A first simulation step: giving an initial value
t0＝0；pmax＝160；pSteady state＝100；
A second simulation step: calculating p at the time of t + Deltatt+Δt；Mt+Δt；ρt+Δt。
A third simulation step: iteratively calculating p (t + Δ t) ═ p(ρt+Δt)。
And a fourth simulation step: and (4) setting simulation parameters, wherein the simulation step length is 0.1, the simulation time is 5000 milliseconds and other simulation parameters are set in the simulation process.
A fifth simulation step: and drawing a simulation pressure state diagram, namely a simulation experiment model verification diagram, as shown in FIG. 5.
As can be seen from fig. 5, when the opening duration t of the check valve is 0.2876ms, the simulation pressure fluctuates around 100Mpa with the increase of the simulation times without large fluctuation, the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe basically reaches a stable state of 100Mpa, and the test result of the simulation model is good.
Therefore, the present embodiment check valve opening strategy:
firstly, drawing a schematic diagram of the working state of the check valve along with time, as shown in fig. 6, after the check valve is opened once and works for a period of time, the check valve is closed for 10ms, after 10ms, the check valve is opened again and starts to work, and the steps are repeated in a circulating way. We have then appreciated that in practice it is necessary to set the optimum time for each opening of the non-return valve to stabilise the high pressure line pressure to as much as possible at 100 Mpa. The result of the solution from the model according to the above steps gives an optimum opening duration of the non-return valve of 0.2876 ms.
The check valve is opened for 0.2876ms and then closed for 10ms, the check valve works for 0.2786ms again after 10ms, the oil injection operation of the oil injection nozzle for ten times per second is not influenced, the working state of the cyclic reciprocation can enable the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe to reach a stable state as far as possible, so that the oil injection nozzle can always perform normal oil injection operation without secondary oil injection, and meanwhile, the stable pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe can ensure the safe operation of a fuel system. The one-way valve opening strategy is an optimal opening decision when the pressure is stabilized at 100 MPa.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for calculating the opening of a check valve of a high-pressure oil pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: constructing an oil injection rate model of an oil injector, a fuel flow model of a high-pressure oil pipe and a correlation model of the internal elastic modulus of the high-pressure oil pipe and pressure:
the oil injection process of the oil injector is divided into three stages, and the oil injection rate model of the oil injector is established as a piecewise function model which is as follows:
wherein v ismaxRepresenting the maximum injection rate, k being the coefficient, t being the injection time, t1For the end of injection in the first stage, t2The end time of the second stage oil injection;
s2: the model in the S1 is combined with the mass conservation principle to calculate the opening time of the one-way valve under the steady-state pressure;
s3: and (5) performing derivation and conversion on the model in S1, constructing a differential equation and converting the differential equation into a differential equation model:
the difference equation model is:
the function p (p) can be expressed as p (t), and is expressed as ρ ═ f (p (t)), the fuel pressure p (t + Δ t) at any moment can be obtained from the fuel pressure p (t) at the last moment t, t represents any moment, and Δ t is the working time of the fuel system;
s4: performing model simulation test by using iterative calculation of a difference equation model in S3, and determining that the pressure in the oil pipe can reach the steady-state pressure within the opening time of the check valve calculated in S2;
s5: and solving the optimal opening strategy of the one-way valve according to the opening time of the one-way valve of S2 and S4.
2. The method for calculating the opening of the check valve of the high-pressure oil pipe according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure oil pipe fuel flow model is as follows:
wherein Q is the amount of fuel flowing through the orifice per unit time, C is 0.85, a is the area of the orifice, Δ p is the pressure difference across the orifice, and ρ is the density of the high-pressure fuel.
3. The method for calculating the check valve opening of the high-pressure oil pipe according to claim 1, wherein in S1, a functional relation model is obtained by fitting the values of the elastic modulus and the pressure in the high-pressure oil pipe of the same fuel system, so as to establish a correlation model of the elastic modulus and the pressure, wherein the correlation model of the elastic modulus and the pressure is as follows:
E(p)＝0.0001018p3-0.0010935p2+5.474p+1532.1062
wherein E is the elastic modulus, p is the fuel pressure, and ρ is the fuel density.
4. The method for calculating the opening of the check valve of the high-pressure oil pipe according to claim 1, wherein the pressure variation of the fuel is proportional to the density variation and has the following formula:
wherein,
as a proportionality coefficient, Δ p is a pressure variation amount, and Δ ρ is a density variation amount.
5. The method for calculating the opening of the check valve of the high-pressure oil pipe according to claim 1, wherein the iterative calculation of the difference equation model in the S4 adopts a dichotomy method for time search.
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| 卞劲博 ; 王逖青 ; 侯思媛.高压油管的压力控制.《装备维修技术》.2019,(第4期),9-10+20. * |
| 根据高压油管实测压力计算柴油机喷油过程的一种新方法;高宗英;《内燃机学报》;19830725(第03期);73-95 * |
| 高压油管压力控制;王杰等;《产业科技创新》;20190831(第24期);9-10+20 * |
| 高压油管的压力控制;卞劲博;王逖青;侯思媛;《装备维修技术》;20191031(第4期);68-69 * |
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Application publication date: 20200512 Assignee: JIANGSU HUAIGONG VEHICLE DETECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO.,LTD. Assignor: HUAIYIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022980029784 Denomination of invention: A calculation method for opening check valve of high pressure oil pipe Granted publication date: 20220322 License type: Common License Record date: 20230105 |