CN111142161B - Complex domain geological imaging method based on seismic data and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Complex domain geological imaging method based on seismic data and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A complex domain geological imaging method based on seismic data and an electronic device are disclosed. The method can comprise the following steps: step 1: obtaining a target channel, and performing Hilbert transform to further obtain an analytic signal channel; step 2: aiming at the incremental frequency parameters, calculating a driving signal channel according to the analytic signal channel; and step 3: driving a target track through a driving signal track to obtain a resonance signal track; and 4, step 4: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel, and calculating a resonance scanning result; and 5: judging whether the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches a set threshold value or not, and obtaining a resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter; step 6: and calculating a single-channel signal of the geological image according to the resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter. The invention obtains the geological image section with more precise geological structure information through the plurality of fields of resonance imaging, and provides more powerful technical support for data interpreters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration digital signal processing, and particularly relates to a complex domain geological image method based on seismic data and electronic equipment.
Background
The important significance of oil and gas seismic exploration is to obtain information such as underground structure form, underground reservoir attributes and the like from seismic data and provide a basis for oil and gas development. However, the conventional interpretation methods are not sufficient enough to mine and utilize seismic data information, and the main technical means are limited by a plurality of mature commercial software products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a complex-domain geological imaging method and electronic device based on seismic data.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a complex-domain geological imaging method and an electronic device based on seismic data, which obtain a geological imaging profile with finer geological structure information by using a complex-domain resonance imaging method, and provide a more powerful technical support for data interpreters.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a complex-domain geological imaging method based on seismic data, including: step 1: obtaining a target channel, and performing Hilbert transform to further obtain an analytic signal channel; step 2: aiming at the incremental frequency parameters, calculating a driving signal channel according to the analytic signal channel; and step 3: driving the target track through the driving signal track to obtain a resonance signal track; and 4, step 4: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel, and calculating a resonance scanning result; and 5: judging whether the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches a set threshold value, if so, entering the step 6, otherwise, repeating the steps 2-4 aiming at the new incremental frequency parameters to obtain a resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter until the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches the set threshold value; step 6: and calculating a single-channel signal of the geological image according to the resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter.
Preferably, the analytic signal trace is calculated by equation (1):
wherein x isc(t) is the analytic signal track, xr(t) is the target track, t is the time series, and j is the imaginary unit.
Preferably, the step 2 includes: calculating a complex signal according to the incremental frequency parameter and the analytic signal channel; taking the real part of the complex signal as the driving signal channel yr(t)。
Preferably, the complex signal is calculated by equation (2):
yc(t)＝xc(t)·e2πjΔft(2)
wherein, yc(t) is the complex signal,. DELTA.f is the incremental frequency parameter, xc(t) is the analytic signal track, t is the time series, and j is the imaginary unit.
Preferably, the resonance signal trace is calculated by equation (3):
wherein, grAnd (t) is a resonance signal channel, and w is a time window sequence.
Preferably, the step 4 comprises: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel to further calculate a cosine phase function; and calculating the resonance scanning result according to the cosine phase function.
Preferably, the cosine phase function is calculated by equation (4):
where cos θ (t) is a cosine phase function, gr(t) is the resonance signal trace, t is the time series.
Preferably, the resonance scan result is calculated by equation (5):
pk(t)＝-|cosθ(t)| (5)
wherein p isk(t) is the kth resonance scan result and cos θ (t) is the cosine phase function.
Preferably, the geologic image single pass signal is calculated by equation (6):
wherein S (t) is a geological image single-channel signal, n is the number of incremental frequency parameters, pk(t) is the kth resonance scan result.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including:
a memory storing executable instructions;
a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the seismic data based complex field geologic imaging method.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method of complex-field geologic imaging based on seismic data in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2a is a schematic representation of the results of seismic imaging of a region of interest according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2b is a schematic representation of a geological image profile obtained by the geological imaging method of the present invention according to FIG. 2 a.
FIG. 3a shows a schematic representation of the results of seismic imaging according to one embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3b shows a schematic representation of a geological image profile according to FIG. 3a obtained by the geological imaging method of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method of complex-field geologic imaging based on seismic data in accordance with the present invention.
In this embodiment, a complex-field geological imaging method based on seismic data according to the invention may comprise: step 1: obtaining a target channel, and performing Hilbert transform to further obtain an analytic signal channel; step 2: aiming at the incremental frequency parameters, calculating a driving signal channel according to the analytic signal channel; and step 3: driving a target track through a driving signal track to obtain a resonance signal track; and 4, step 4: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel, and calculating a resonance scanning result; and 5: judging whether the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches a set threshold value, if so, entering the step 6, otherwise, repeating the steps 2-4 aiming at the new incremental frequency parameters to obtain a resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter until the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches the set threshold value; step 6: and calculating a single-channel signal of the geological image according to the resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter.
In one example, the analytic signal trace is calculated by equation (1):
wherein x isc(t) is the analytic signal track, xr(t) is the target track, t is the time series, and j is the imaginary unit.
In one example, step 2 comprises: calculating a complex signal according to the incremental frequency parameter and the analytic signal channel; driving signal channel y with real part of complex signalr(t)。
In one example, the complex signal is calculated by equation (2):
yc(t)＝xc(t)·e2πjΔft(2)
wherein, yc(t) is the complex signal,. DELTA.f is the incremental frequency parameter, xc(t) is the analytic signal track, t is the time series, and j is the imaginary unit.
In one example, the resonance signal trace is calculated by equation (3):
wherein, grAnd (t) is a resonance signal channel, and w is a time window sequence.
In one example, step 4 comprises: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel to further calculate a cosine phase function; and calculating a resonance scanning result according to the cosine phase function.
In one example, the cosine phase function is calculated by equation (4):
where cos θ (t) is a cosine phase function, gr(t) is the resonance signal trace, t is the time series.
In one example, the resonance scan result is calculated by equation (5):
pk(t)＝-|cosθ(t)| (5)
wherein p isk(t) is the kth resonance scan result and cos θ (t) is the cosine phase function.
In one example, the geologic image singles is computed by equation (6):
wherein S (t) is a geological image single-channel signal, n is the number of incremental frequency parameters, pk(t) is the kth resonance scan result.
Specifically, the method provides a geological image concept, and imaging similar to a geological photograph based on seismic data is called geological image.
A complex-domain geological imaging method based on seismic data according to the invention may comprise:
step 1: acquiring a target track, performing Hilbert transform, and further calculating an analysis signal track through a formula (1), wherein the center frequency of the analysis information track is f;
step 2: calculating a complex signal through a formula (2) according to the incremental frequency parameter delta f and the analytic signal channel; driving signal channel y with real part of complex signalr(t), namely, the real signal with the center frequency of f + Δ f, and different driving signal channels can be obtained by different incremental frequency parameters Δ f;
and step 3: adopting a cross-correlation driving method, driving a target track through a driving signal track, and obtaining a resonance signal track through a formula (3);
and 4, step 4: hilbert transformation is carried out on a resonance signal channel, and then a cosine phase function is calculated through a formula (4), wherein the cosine phase function is independent of amplitude, the amplitude of a weak signal of the cosine phase function is equal to that of a strong signal, and the weak signal is not divided into a strong signal and a weak signal, namely the weak signal is effectively strengthened; calculating a resonance scanning result through a formula (5) according to the cosine phase function;
and 5: judging whether the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches a set threshold value, if so, entering the step 6, otherwise, repeating the steps 2-4 aiming at the new incremental frequency parameters to obtain a resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter until the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches the set threshold value;
step 6: according to the resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter, calculating a geological image single-channel signal by a formula (6), wherein the frequency of the geological image single-channel signal is converted into the horizon time width, the phase of the geological image single-channel signal is converted into the contact relation, the amplitude of the geological image single-channel signal is used for refining the contact relation (interface, fault or crack and the like), the value range of the geological image single-channel signal S (t) is [ -1,0], the geological image single-channel signal S (t) can be normalized to adapt to display application of each section, and the geological image section can be displayed by adopting a.
The method obtains a geological image section with more precise geological structure information by a complex field resonance imaging method, and provides more powerful technical support for data interpreters.
To facilitate understanding of the solution of the embodiments of the present invention and the effects thereof, three specific application examples are given below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this example is merely for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention and that any specific details thereof are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Application example 1
A complex-domain geological imaging method based on seismic data according to the invention may comprise:
step 1: and acquiring a target track, performing Hilbert transform, and further calculating an analysis signal track through a formula (1), wherein the center frequency of the analysis information track is f.
Step 2: calculating a complex signal through a formula (2) according to the incremental frequency parameter delta f and the analytic signal channel; the real part of the complex signal is used as a driving signal channel, namely a real signal with the center frequency of f + delta f, and different driving signal channels can be obtained by different incremental frequency parameters delta f.
And step 3: and (3) adopting a cross-correlation driving method, driving the target track by driving the signal track, and obtaining the resonance signal track by a formula (3).
The amplitude, frequency and phase of the signal are the three elements of conventional seismic imaging, while the size, morphology and contact relationship of the formation are the three elements of geological imaging. When the geological photograph (outcrop) is observed by naked eyes, the focus is the size, the shape and the contact relation of the structure, andthere is no original concept of amplitude, frequency and phase. Resonance signal trace g in addition to cross-correlation driving characteristicsrAmplitude magnitude in (t) and xrThe amplitude in (t) is proportional, the intensity of the reflected signal in the seismic imaging is distinguished by the amplitude, but the structure in the geological image is not divided by the intensity.
And 4, step 4: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel, and further calculating a cosine phase function through a formula (4); the resonance scan result is calculated by equation (5) according to the cosine phase function.
And 5: and judging whether the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches a set threshold, if so, entering step 6, otherwise, repeating the steps 2-4 aiming at the new incremental frequency parameters to obtain a resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter until the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches the set threshold.
Step 6: and (4) calculating the single-channel signal of the geological image according to the resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter by using a formula (6).
Application example 2
Fig. 2a shows a schematic representation of the results of seismic imaging of a certain exploration area according to one embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2b shows a schematic representation of a geological image profile obtained by the geological imaging method of the invention according to fig. 2a, it being clear that the geological image profile of fig. 2b resembles a geological photograph.
Application example 3
FIG. 3a shows a schematic representation of the results of seismic imaging according to one embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3b shows a schematic representation of a geological image profile according to FIG. 3a obtained by the geological imaging method of the invention.
Take a work area as an example.
The name of the work area: AMH 3D; explanation path length: 0ms-1200 ms; sampling interval: 2 ms; surface element: 25m x 25 m.
Processing parameters of this embodiment:
1. incremental frequency parameter
The approximate range of the delta frequency parameter of equation (2) is-50, 50 Hz.
2. Determining incremental frequency sweep ranges
The incremental frequency sweep range was confirmed to be [5,15] Hz with a sweep step of 1Hz for a total of 11 sweeps. The obtained geological image profile is shown in fig. 3 b.
3. The time window parameters are actuated in a mutual correlation manner;
the approximate range of the driving time window parameter in the formula (3) is [20,50] ms, and the driving time window parameter is selected to be 30ms in the embodiment.
The comparison of fig. 3a and 3b shows that the high-steepness texture in the geologic image profile is imaged more finely.
In summary, the invention obtains a geological image profile with finer geological structure information by a complex field resonance imaging method, and provides more powerful technical support for data interpreters.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above description of embodiments of the invention is intended only to illustrate the benefits of embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to any examples given.
An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.
The memory is to store non-transitory computer readable instructions. In particular, the memory may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), cache memory (cache), and/or the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.
The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the disclosure, the processor is configured to execute the computer readable instructions stored in the memory.
Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as a communication bus, an interface, and the like, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
For the detailed description of the present embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (5)
1. A method for complex-domain geological imaging based on seismic data, comprising:
step 1: obtaining a target channel, and performing Hilbert transform to further obtain an analytic signal channel;
step 2: aiming at the incremental frequency parameters, calculating a driving signal channel according to the analytic signal channel;
and step 3: driving the target track through the driving signal track to obtain a resonance signal track;
and 4, step 4: performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel, and calculating a resonance scanning result;
and 5: judging whether the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches a set threshold value, if so, entering the step 6, otherwise, repeating the steps 2-4 aiming at the new incremental frequency parameters to obtain a resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter until the number of the processed incremental frequency parameters reaches the set threshold value;
step 6: calculating a geological image single-channel signal according to the resonance scanning result corresponding to each incremental frequency parameter;
wherein the step 2 comprises:
calculating a complex signal according to the incremental frequency parameter and the analytic signal channel;
taking the real part of the complex signal as the driving signal channel yr(t)；
Wherein the resonance signal trace is calculated by equation (3):
wherein, gr(t) is the resonance signal trace, xr(t) is a target track, t is a time sequence, and w is a time window sequence;
wherein the step 4 comprises:
performing Hilbert transform on the resonance signal channel to further calculate a cosine phase function;
calculating the resonance scanning result according to the cosine phase function;
wherein the resonance scan result is calculated by equation (5):
pk(t)＝-|cosθ(t)| (5)
wherein p isk(t) is the kth resonance scan result, cos θ (t) is the cosine phase function;
wherein, the geological image single-channel signal is calculated by the formula (6):
wherein S (t) is a geological image single-channel signal, n is the number of incremental frequency parameters, pk(t) is the kth resonance scan result.
2. The method of complex-domain geological imaging based on seismic data of claim 1, wherein said resolved signal trace is calculated by equation (1):
wherein x isc(t) is the analytic signal track, xr(t) is the target track, t is the time sequenceColumn, j is an imaginary unit.
3. The method of complex-domain seismic data-based geological imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that said complex signal is calculated by formula (2):
yc(t)＝xc(t)·e2πjΔft(2)
wherein, yc(t) is the complex signal,. DELTA.f is the incremental frequency parameter, xc(t) is the analytic signal track, t is the time series, and j is the imaginary unit.
4. The method of complex-domain geological imaging based on seismic data of claim 1, wherein said cosine phase function is calculated by formula (4):
where cos θ (t) is a cosine phase function, gr(t) is the resonance signal trace, t is the time series.
5. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
a memory storing executable instructions;
a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the seismic data based complex field geologic imaging method of any of claims 1-4.
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