CN111141578A - Sample preparation device and method for granular materials - Google Patents
Sample preparation device and method for granular materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN111141578A CN111141578A CN202010029197.7A CN202010029197A CN111141578A CN 111141578 A CN111141578 A CN 111141578A CN 202010029197 A CN202010029197 A CN 202010029197A CN 111141578 A CN111141578 A CN 111141578A
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004830 Super Glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sample preparation device and method for a granular material. The device comprises a mould box, a telescopic strut and a rotating shaft, wherein an opening is formed in the upper part of the mould box, the telescopic strut is pivoted below the mould box, and the side surface of the mould box is pivoted with the rotating shaft; the lower extreme of telescopic strut is equipped with the pivot of rotating, telescopic strut's upper end with the pin joint of mould case, the upper end is relative the lower extreme is scalable. The invention can provide the device and the method for preparing the sample of the bulk particles, the compaction layer surface of which forms different included angles with the main stress surface, thereby being beneficial to more reasonable anisotropic material characteristic test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material sample preparation, in particular to a bulk material sample preparation device and a method.
Background
Many particulate materials in practical engineering exhibit anisotropy and tend to undergo more complex stress paths. In the process of stressing the bulk material such as soil body, the main stress surface of the bulk material is not necessarily vertical or parallel to the natural deposition surface or the artificial compaction layer surface, but has different inclination angles. The anisotropy of the material has great influence on the performance of engineering, so that the research on the characteristics of the main stress surface of the bulk material such as soil and the like and the sample compaction layer surface with different inclination angles has high theoretical significance and practical value. When anisotropic granular material tests are carried out indoors, the traditional sample preparation method is to deposit or compact the granular material in a larger container which is kept still on a plane, the granular material naturally falls down according to the self gravity when falling into the container, the granular material is filled into the container and compacted and fixed, and then the fixed whole sample is cut into the sample with the main stress surface and the compacted surface forming the required inclination angle according to different requirements. The disadvantages of this method are: the structure of the granular material can be damaged in the cutting process; samples reflecting material properties cannot be cut with larger or harder particles.
Especially for the granular materials such as rockfill and the like with larger grain size and without cohesive force, the traditional methods such as freezing cutting and the like can not finish the sample with the compaction layer plane and the main stress plane of the test at an inclined angle, so the research and development of a device which can be widely applied to the granular materials with various grain sizes and can be used for preparing the samples with different inclined angles is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a sample preparation device and method for preparing a bulk material with a compaction layer plane and a main stress plane forming different included angles, so as to facilitate more reasonable anisotropic material property tests and various other complex stress path tests, and provide more accurate basic data for engineering evaluation.
The invention firstly provides a bulk material sample preparation device which comprises a mould box, a telescopic strut and a rotating shaft, wherein the mould box is provided with an opening, the telescopic strut is pivoted below the mould box, and the side surface of the mould box is pivoted with the rotating shaft; the lower extreme of telescopic prop is equipped with the pivot of rotating, telescopic prop's upper end with the pin joint of mould case, telescopic prop's upper end is relative the lower extreme is scalable.
According to the invention, through the extension and the rotation of the telescopic support, the mould box is rotated by a required angle, the granular material is filled in the mould box, and the granular material in the mould box is compacted and fixed, so that the granular sample with a compacted layer surface and a test main stress surface which form different included angles can be prepared.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the telescopic structure of the telescopic strut is a hydraulic cylinder structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the telescopic structure of the telescopic strut is a push-pull rod structure.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the telescopic structure of the telescopic strut is a threaded screw structure.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the opening is provided at the junction of the top surface and the side surface of the mould box.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further includes a baffle installed at a side portion of the opening.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a support, and the rotating shaft is disposed on the support.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the mould box is of rectangular parallelepiped construction.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises a base, the lower end of the telescopic support is pivotally connected to the base, and the support is fixedly disposed on the base.
The invention also provides a method for preparing samples according to the bulk granular material sample preparation device, which comprises the following steps:
and rotating the mould box by a required angle through the extension and the rotation of the telescopic support, filling the granular material in the mould box, compacting and fixing the granular material in the mould box, and preparing the sample.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the die box is filled with the granular material, the granular material is uniformly layered in the die box and compacted, the baffle is gradually inserted back according to the condition that the granular material reaches the side wall of the opening, and when the granular material reaches the required height, the granular material is fixed by using a rubber membrane.
The invention can prepare the inclined layered granular sample with anisotropy without damaging the microstructure of the sample, particularly enables the inclined layered sample of large-particle cohesionless material, and provides necessary technical support for researching the anisotropy and the performance of the granular material.
The invention can be used to prepare cuboid samples of soil and other granular substances with compacted layer and main stress plane having different included angles, thereby facilitating more reasonable anisotropic material property tests and various other complex stress path tests, and providing more accurate basic data for engineering evaluation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a left-side three-dimensional structure of a sample preparation device (with a baffle) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right-side three-dimensional structure of a sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a left side structure of a sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sample preparation device B-B of FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals:
10 mould boxes, 101 open, 20 telescopic supports, 201 rotating pivots, 30 rotating shafts, 40 supports, 50 bases and 60 baffles.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the objects, features and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely intended to illustrate the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.
In the traditional sample preparation of the granular material, the whole appearance of the prepared granular material sample is cut, so that the main stress plane for the test is cut out from the whole appearance of the sample, and the plane forms a certain angle with the deposition upper surface of the granular material. Especially for the bulk material such as rockfill with larger grain size and without cohesive force, the traditional method such as freezing cutting can not finish the sample with the inclined angle required by the compacted layer and the main stress surface of the test, therefore, the inventor proposes a path which is fundamentally different from the traditional method, and the natural falling deposition surface of the bulk and the main stress surface for the test are at a certain angle when the bulk material is formed instead of forming the sample and then forming the deposition surface and the main stress surface for the test on the whole sample.
For example, if the granular material is in a sheet shape, if a rectangular parallelepiped mold box is placed on a flat ground, the granular material naturally falls down to form a deposition body in a sheet shape on each layer, and finally the upper surface of the whole sample is also a natural plane of the granular material in a sheet shape.
The invention makes the upper surface of the formed sample, such as the upper plane of the cuboid, have a certain angle with the natural deposition plane of the granular material when the granular material is deposited, so that the cutting is not needed after the sample is formed.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention firstly provides a sample preparation device for granular materials, which comprises a mold box 10, a telescopic pillar 20 and a rotating shaft 30, wherein the mold box 10 is provided with an opening 101 (as shown in fig. 3), the telescopic pillar 20 is pivoted below the mold box 10, and the side surface of the mold box 10 is pivoted with the rotating shaft 30; the lower extreme of telescopic strut 20 is equipped with and rotates pivot 201, telescopic strut 20's upper end with the pin joint of mould case 10, telescopic strut 20's upper end is relative the lower extreme is scalable.
As shown in fig. 5, the device further includes a baffle 60 mounted to the edge of the opening. Of course, in order to restrain the granular material which rises, other protective measures can be adopted for stopping, such as arranging a whole panel on the edge of the opening of the mold box, wherein the whole panel can slide along the opening.
According to the invention, through the extension and the rotation of the telescopic support, the mould box is rotated by a required angle, the granular material is filled in the mould box, and the granular material in the mould box is compacted and fixed, so that the granular sample with a compacted layer surface and a test main stress surface which form different included angles can be prepared.
The structure of the telescopic strut 20 is not limited.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic structure of the telescopic strut 20 is a hydraulic cylinder structure. The hydraulic rod may be connected to the upper mold box and the cylinder may be connected to the lower pivot. This configuration is shown in figure 1.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic structure of the telescopic strut 20 is a push-pull rod structure. Such a push-pull rod structure may be similar to that of a luggage case, and may temporarily lock the overall length of the rod when a portion of the rod is pulled or pushed. Since the structure can be realized by adopting a similar structure, the description is omitted.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic structure of the telescopic strut 20 is a threaded screw structure. This arrangement allows the overall rod to be lengthened or shortened by rotating the opposing portions of the threaded connection. The thread screw structure can also be realized by adopting a similar structure, so that the repeated description is omitted.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the top surface and the side surface of the mold box 10 are connected to form the opening 101. Alternatively, the entire top surface and one side surface of the connection are open. The open mouth 10 is left open for filling and compacting the bulk material so that the material can be filled layer by layer up the bottom of the tank when the mould tank 10 is tilted and can be compacted by compacting a hammer to fill the material to a suitable density. When the granular material is filled to a certain thickness, a baffle can be inserted on the open surface to prevent the granular material from falling.
As shown in fig. 1, the mold box 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cuboid structure is a more common structure, and die boxes with different shapes can be made according to specific test requirements.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a bracket 40, and the rotating shaft 30 is disposed on the bracket 40. To better lift the mold box off the ground or platform, a bracket 40 may be provided on the bottom surface or platform, and the shaft 30 on the bracket 40 is then connected to the mold box 10. In this manner, the mold box 10 is supported by the telescopic legs 20 and the support 40.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus may further include a base 50, the lower end of the telescopic support is pivotally connected to the base 50, and the bracket 40 is fixedly disposed on the base 50.
The bracket 40 and the base 50 may be an integral structure.
The invention also provides a method for preparing samples according to the bulk granular material sample preparation device, which mainly comprises the following steps:
and rotating the mould box by a required angle through the extension and the rotation of the telescopic support, filling the granular material in the mould box, compacting and fixing the granular material in the mould box, and preparing the sample.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the die box is filled with the granular material, the granular material is uniformly layered in the die box and compacted, the baffle is gradually inserted back according to the condition that the granular material reaches the side wall of the opening, and when the granular material reaches the required height, the granular material is fixed by using a rubber membrane.
Before the system appearance, according to experimental required hitting the face and main stress surface contained angle with the mould case rotate corresponding angle, fixed telescopic prop length is with fixed mould case inclination. The baffles are prepared and the mold box is opened. Due to the rich corner of the rockfill material, a rubber film which is cut in advance and is well adhered and formed by strong glue (the openings on the two sides of the rockfill material are not adhered) is required to be filled in a mold box to wrap a sample. Uniformly placing granular material with the quality weighed in advance according to the target sample preparation density above the die box in a layered mode, compacting, gradually inserting the baffle back according to the condition that the material reaches the side wall of the open face so as to prevent the granular material from leaking, adhering the rubber film by using the super glue piece along with the rising of the height of the baffle back, and keeping the height of the adhered rubber film on the open face consistent with that of the baffle back. In the sample preparation process, each layer needs to be horizontally compacted to a preset thickness by a compaction hammer, so that materials are not left or lack as far as possible, and the final sample preparation density is ensured to be consistent with the target sample preparation density to the greatest extent.
After the sample manufactured on the inclined die box is straightened, the sample is vertically placed into a testing machine, so that a relevant test that the main stress direction and the compaction plane direction form an angle can be carried out, and relevant performances such as anisotropy of materials can be researched.
The invention can prepare the inclined layered granular sample with anisotropy without damaging the microstructure of the sample, particularly enables the inclined layered sample of large-particle cohesionless material, and provides necessary technical support for researching the anisotropy and the performance of the granular material.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the present embodiment mainly includes a mold box 10 rotatable at a lower end side, a support pillar 20 extendable and retractable up and down, and a bracket 40 connected to an end of the mold box by a rotating shaft 30. The mold box 10 is removable.
The mold box 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the top surface and one side surface with respect to the rotational shaft 30 may be opened. Loading granular material from the upper part of the open surface, compacting the granular material, gradually inserting a baffle to restrain the deposited granular material until compacting operation is finished, and inserting the last baffle to finish sample preparation.
The bracket 40 is composed of a rotary shaft 30 capable of fixing the mold box and a base 50 at a lower portion thereof. The telescopic strut 20 is mounted on the base and, together with the pivot, holds the mould box. The inclination angle of the mould box can be changed by adjusting the length of the strut, and is measured by an additional protractor at the rotating shaft.
Before the system appearance, according to experimental required hitting the face and main stress surface contained angle with the mould case rotate corresponding angle, fixed pillar length is with fixed mould case inclination. All the baffles previously placed in the mold box are removed and the mold box is opened. Due to the rich corner of the rockfill material, a rubber film which is cut in advance and is well adhered and formed by strong glue (the openings on the two sides of the rockfill material are not adhered) is required to be filled in a mold box to wrap a sample. Uniformly placing granular materials with the quality weighed in advance according to the target sample preparation density above the die box in a layered mode, compacting the materials, gradually inserting the baffle back according to the condition that the materials reach the side wall of the open face, using powerful glue to divide the rubber film along with the rising of the height of the baffle back, and keeping the height of the rubber film adhered to the open face consistent with that of the baffle back. In the sample preparation process, each layer needs to be horizontally compacted to a preset thickness by a compaction hammer, so that materials are not left or lack as far as possible, and the final sample preparation density is ensured to be consistent with the target sample preparation density to the greatest extent.
After the sample manufactured on the inclined die box is aligned, the sample is vertically placed into a testing machine, and then a relevant test that the main stress direction and the compaction surface direction form an angle can be carried out, so that the anisotropy relevant performance of the material can be researched.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention can prepare the inclined layered granular sample with anisotropy without destroying the microscopic structure of the sample, particularly enables the inclined layered sample of large-particle cohesionless material to be possible, and provides necessary technical support for researching the anisotropy and the performance of the granular material.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and various components and devices of the embodiments may be changed or eliminated as desired, not all components shown in the drawings are necessarily required, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and all equivalent changes and modifications based on the technical solutions of the present invention should not be excluded from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sample preparation device for granular materials is characterized by comprising a die box, a telescopic support and a rotating shaft, wherein,
the mould box is provided with an opening, the lower part of the mould box is pivoted with the telescopic strut, and the side surface of the mould box is pivoted with the rotating shaft;
the lower extreme of telescopic prop is equipped with the pivot of rotating, telescopic prop's upper end with the pin joint of mould case, telescopic prop's upper end is relative the lower extreme is scalable.
2. The bulk-granular material sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic structure of the telescopic support is a hydraulic cylinder structure.
3. The bulk-granular material sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic structure of the telescopic support is a push-pull rod structure.
4. The bulk-granular material sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic structure of the telescopic support is a threaded screw structure.
5. The bulk material sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the opening is provided at a junction between the top surface and the side surface of the mold box.
6. The bulk-granular material sampling device according to claim 5, further comprising a baffle plate mounted on the open edge.
7. The bulk-granular material sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6, further comprising a support, wherein the rotating shaft is arranged on the support; the mould box is of a cuboid structure.
8. The bulk-granular material sample preparation device according to claim 7, further comprising a base, wherein the lower end of the telescopic support is pivoted on the base, and the support is fixedly arranged on the base.
9. A method for preparing a sample by the apparatus for preparing a sample of a granular material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
and rotating the mould box by a required angle through the extension and the rotation of the telescopic support, filling the granular material in the mould box, compacting and fixing the granular material in the mould box, and preparing the sample.
10. The method of claim 9,
when the die box is filled with granular materials, the granular materials are uniformly put into the die box in a layered mode and are compacted, the baffle is gradually inserted back according to the condition that the granular materials reach the side wall of the opening, and when the granular materials reach the required height, the granular materials are fixed through a rubber film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010029197.7A CN111141578A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Sample preparation device and method for granular materials |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010029197.7A CN111141578A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Sample preparation device and method for granular materials |
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| CN111141578A true CN111141578A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115931492A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Anisotropic sandy soil triaxial sample preparation facilities |
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