CN111141472A - Anti-seismic support and hanger detection method and system - Google Patents
Anti-seismic support and hanger detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-seismic support and hanger detection method and system, wherein a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and defect two-dimensional characteristic curve databases which are qualified for installation of an anti-seismic support and hanger are obtained, a two-dimensional characteristic curve of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be detected is obtained through acquisition and processing, and is compared with the obtained standard database to obtain whether the installation of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be detected is qualified, and specific defect types can be obtained by comparing the two-dimensional characteristic curve of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be detected with each curve in the obtained defect two-dimensional characteristic curve databases. The accuracy of the detection result of the invention can reach more than 99.99 percent, the short board which is only determined by manual visual inspection, inspection and observation subjective and qualitative judgment in installation and acceptance of the existing anti-seismic support hanger is supplemented, the embarrassing situation that the existing acceptance can only be determined qualitatively and can not be determined quantitatively can be avoided, the blank of the field is filled, the anti-seismic support can be ensured to play a role normally when an earthquake really comes, and the safety of lives and properties of people is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building anti-seismic supports, in particular to an anti-seismic support and hanger detection method and system.
Background
With the release and continuous popularization of the building electromechanical earthquake resistance specification GB50981-2014, the strong execution of industry governing departments (examination centers and quality supervision stations) and the continuous application of professional units (owners, design houses, construction units, supervision and audit), the electromechanical earthquake resistance is completely uncovered in China at present, is slowly popularized and is changed from mystery to conventional. Due to conventional popularization, the examination center, the quality supervision station and the owner perform more and more strictly on the specialty, and as the year 2018, the building electromechanical earthquake resistance standard begins to be formally and forcibly promoted nationwide, and all new construction, extension and reconstruction projects begin to use the earthquake-resistant support and hanger comprehensively.
However, the building electromechanical earthquake-proof industry has a significant problem in the aspect of construction acceptance, and the problem is as follows:
the 'installation and acceptance rules of the anti-seismic support and hanger' CECS420:2015 is used as an important acceptance standard of the anti-seismic support and hanger, but the acceptance means in the specification basically adopts the ruler amount inspection, the human eye observation and the torque wrench inspection, and the inspection method can only detect the appearance and the geometric dimension and cannot accurately and digitally judge the installation quality and the actual anti-seismic performance of the anti-seismic support and hanger. Whether the installation quality meets the design requirements cannot be judged, and the method in the specification is subjective and has large human factors, so that the problem is solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a method and a system for detecting an anti-seismic support hanger, which can avoid the embarrassing situation that the traditional acceptance mode is subjective and assumed to be only qualitatively and quantificationally incapable of being judged.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a method for detecting an anti-seismic support and hanger comprises the following steps:
(1) on the premise that the design and production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified, mounting according to the requirements of relevant industrial standard mounting to obtain various standard support and hanger samples of various specifications; mounting according to the mounting defect types of the anti-seismic support and hanger to obtain defect samples of different mounting defect types of support and hanger of various specifications; installing a three-axis acceleration sensor on inclined support rods of various specifications of support and hanger standard samples and various specifications of support and hanger standard samples with different installation defect types;
(2) performing repeated hammering vibration experiments on various specifications of support and hanger standard samples installed in the step (1) and various specifications of support and hanger defect samples with different installation defect types through an impact hammer, acquiring hammering force input signals of each time of hammering through a force sensor installed on a hammer head of the impact hammer, and acquiring the inclined strut through a triaxial acceleration sensor under hammering excitationAcceleration response signals Y in different directionsij(t), j is 1,2,3, i is 1 to 16; where j represents three directions and i represents a 16 level input;
(3) carrying out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction on the hammering force input signals collected by the force sensor and the acceleration response signals of the inclined strut collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor in different directions under hammering excitation to obtain a standard input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph and an installation defect input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of each type of support and hanger, and forming a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database;
(4) installing a three-axis acceleration sensor on an inclined strut of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be detected; repeatedly carrying out a hammering vibration test on the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger through an impact hammer, and acquiring a hammering force input signal of each hammering through a force sensor arranged on a hammer head of the impact hammer; acceleration response signals in three directions on an inclined strut of the earthquake-proof support and hanger to be detected under different hammering forces are respectively collected through a triaxial acceleration sensor;
(5) denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction are carried out on the signals collected in the step (4), and an input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger is obtained;
(6) and (4) comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger obtained in the step (5) with the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database obtained in the step (3), and judging whether the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger is installed qualified.
After judging that the installation of an antidetonation gallows that awaits measuring is unqualified, detect the defect type of an antidetonation gallows that awaits measuring, specifically do: and (4) comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve diagrams of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger obtained in the step (5) with the installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database obtained in the step (3) to obtain the installation defect type of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger.
The denoising and dimension reduction and feature extraction of the acquired signals in the step (3) are specifically as follows:
(31) response signal of standard support and hanger under hammering excitation acquired by triaxial acceleration sensor
Response time interval of mounting defect support hanger
Hammer excitation FiAnd dividing the equal-length response sequences of all levels by adding a rectangular window to the response data of the support and hanger according to the excitation level to obtain:
wherein h represents a healthy state, d represents an installation defect state, and t represents a response time interval;
(32) preprocessing the response sequence of the anti-seismic support hanger obtained in the step (31), and the preprocessing comprises the following steps: removing particle swarm, moving smoothness and removing trend items;
(33) calculating a characteristic index of the acceleration response of the anti-seismic support and hanger based on a statistical theory, and drawing a corresponding characteristic index histogram according to the characteristic index;
(34) screening to obtain characteristic indexes capable of distinguishing standard and mounting defect states by counting a characteristic index histogram of the comparison standard and the mounting defect signal; sorting the screened characteristic indexes by adopting a T-TEST (TEST-TEST) inspection algorithm, then reducing the dimension by a PCA (principal component analysis) method, and selecting the m most significant characteristic indexes:
(35) and calculating a composite characteristic state index according to the initial average weight:
wherein M is M, k is 1-M, omegakA weight representing a k index;
(36) respectively drawing the standard state and the installation defect according to the step (35)State Gj(Fi) Two-dimensional signature graph, calculating the residual error of two states:
(37) iteratively calculating the maximum value of the residual error through a global optimal algorithm, and accordingly determining the weight corresponding to the maximum value of the residual error:
(38) redrawing two-dimensional characteristic curves of the standard in three directions and the two states of the installation defect according to the weight corresponding to the maximum residual error value obtained in the step (37);
(39) and averaging the experimental groups in the two states of the standard and the installation defects to respectively obtain input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs in the two states to form a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and a two-dimensional characteristic curve database of each installation defect.
In step (34), the first five most significant feature indexes are selected.
The hammering position of the impact force hammer is located at the top end of the intersection of all the rods of the suspension part of the support and hanger, and the hammering force ranges from 100N to 6000N and is input in 16 levels.
An anti-seismic support and hanger detection system comprises a support and hanger test sample, an impact force hammer, a force sensor, a three-axis acceleration sensor, a data acquisition and analysis instrument and a memory; the force sensor is arranged on a hammer head of the impact hammer, and the three-axis acceleration sensor is arranged on an inclined stay bar of a supporting and hanging frame test sample; the data acquisition and analysis instrument is respectively in communication connection with the force sensor and the triaxial acceleration sensor, and the memory is connected with the data acquisition and analysis instrument;
the support and hanger test samples comprise various support and hanger standard samples which are installed according to various specifications and relevant standards of the industry and various support and hanger defect samples which are different in installation defect types and have various specifications;
the impact hammer performs repeated hammering vibration test on various specifications of support and hanger standard samples or various specifications of support and hanger defect samples with different installation defect types, measures a hammering force input signal acquired by a force sensor arranged on the impact hammer, and sends the hammering force input signal to a data acquisition and analysis instrument; the triaxial acceleration sensor collects acceleration responses in the direction parallel to the inclined strut shaft and in the two directions perpendicular to the inclined strut shaft on the inclined strut under the response of the hammering force and sends the acceleration responses to the data acquisition and analysis instrument;
the data acquisition and analysis instrument receives signals sent by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, and carries out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction to obtain a standard input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of each specification of support and hanger standard sample and an input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of each specification of support and hanger defect sample with different installation defect types, and the standard input and output two-dimensional feature curve graphs and the input and output two-dimensional feature curve graphs are stored in a memory to form a standard two-dimensional feature curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional feature curve database;
the impact force hammer performs repeated hammering vibration test on the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger, measures a hammering force input signal acquired by a force sensor arranged on the impact force hammer, and sends the hammering force input signal to a data acquisition and analysis instrument; the triaxial acceleration sensor collects acceleration responses in the direction parallel to the inclined strut shaft and in the two directions perpendicular to the inclined strut shaft on the inclined strut under the response of the hammering force and sends the acceleration responses to the data acquisition and analysis instrument; the data acquisition and analysis instrument receives signals sent by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, and carries out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction to obtain an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger;
the data acquisition and analysis instrument compares an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested with a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database, and if the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database has matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs, whether the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested is installed qualified is judged; and if the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database does not have matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs, judging that the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger is unqualified to install.
And after the data acquisition and analysis meter judges that the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger is unqualified to be installed, comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger with the installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database to obtain an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve matched with the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve database, and determining the installation defect type of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger.
The standard samples of the support and hanger of various specifications are obtained by installation according to the installation requirements of relevant industrial standards on the premise that the design and production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified; the method comprises the following steps that various support and hanger defect samples with different installation defect types in various specifications are obtained in two ways, wherein one way is to obtain the support and hanger standard samples in various specifications by modifying the support and hanger standard samples according to the set installation defect types; and the other type is obtained by installing according to the set installation defect type on the premise that the design and the production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified.
Has the advantages that: according to the method, a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and a two-dimensional characteristic curve database of each installation defect of qualified products of the anti-seismic support and hanger are obtained through tests, a two-dimensional characteristic curve of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested is obtained through collection and processing, and is compared with the obtained standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database to obtain whether the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested is installed qualified or not, and a specific installation defect type can be obtained by comparing an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested with each curve in the obtained installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database. The accuracy of the detection result of the invention can reach more than 99.99%. The method has the advantages that the short plates which are subjected to installation acceptance only through manual visual inspection, inspection and observation subjective qualitative judgment are supplemented in the design, production, installation and acceptance of the existing anti-seismic support hanger, specific installation defects can be detected after the anti-seismic support hanger is unqualified to be installed, and then the anti-seismic support hanger is modified to obtain the qualified anti-seismic support hanger, so that the blank in the field is filled, and therefore the anti-seismic support can be guaranteed to be capable of really temporary and normal play in an earthquake, and the safety of lives and properties of people and people is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the detection method of the anti-seismic support and hanger of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an architecture diagram of the earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of feature extraction in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method of the present invention includes the steps of:
(1) on the premise that the design and production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified, mounting according to the requirements of relevant industrial standard mounting to obtain various standard support and hanger samples of various specifications; mounting according to the mounting defect types of the anti-seismic support and hanger to obtain defect samples of different mounting defect types of support and hanger of various specifications; installing a three-axis acceleration sensor on an inclined strut of each specification of support and hanger standard sample and each specification of support and hanger different installation defect type defect sample, wherein the three-axis acceleration sensor is used for acquiring acceleration responses in a direction parallel to an inclined strut axis and in two directions vertical to the inclined strut axis on the inclined strut;
in the invention, the design standard of the anti-seismic support and hanger is the national standard, the manufacturing standard is the national standard, the installation standard is a standard drawing set, and the acceptance standard is the Association standard, which is not described herein again.
(2) Performing repeated hammering vibration experiments on various specifications of support and hanger standard samples installed in the step (1) and various specifications of defect samples of different installation types of support and hanger through an impact hammer, acquiring hammering force input signals of each time of hammering through a force sensor installed on a hammer head of the impact hammer, and acquiring acceleration response signals Y of the inclined strut in different directions under hammering excitation through a three-axis acceleration sensorij(t), j is 1,2,3, i is 1 to 16; where j represents three directions and i represents a 16 level input; in the invention, the hammering position of the impact force hammer is positioned at the top end of the intersection of all rods of the suspension part of the support and hanger, the hammering force range is from 100N to 6000N, and the hammering force is input in 16 stages;
(3) denoising, dimensionality reduction and feature extraction are carried out on signals acquired by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, a standard input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph and an installation defect input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of each specification of support and hanger are obtained, and a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database are formed; as shown in fig. 3, specifically:
(31) response signal of standard support and hanger under hammering excitation acquired by triaxial acceleration sensor
Mounting defect support hanger response signal
Hammer excitation FiAnd dividing the equal-length response sequences of all levels by adding a rectangular window to the response data of the support and hanger according to the excitation level to obtain:
wherein h represents a standard state, d represents an installation defect state, and t represents a response time interval;
(32) preprocessing the response sequence of the anti-seismic support hanger obtained in the step (31), and the preprocessing comprises the following steps: removing particle swarm, moving smoothness and removing trend items;
(33) calculating a characteristic index of the acceleration response of the anti-seismic support and hanger based on a statistical theory, and drawing a corresponding characteristic index histogram according to the characteristic index;
(34) screening to obtain characteristic indexes capable of distinguishing standard and mounting defect states by counting and comparing the standard and the characteristic index histogram of the defect signal; sorting the screened characteristic indexes by adopting a T-TEST (TEST-TEST) inspection algorithm, then reducing the dimension by a PCA (principal component analysis) method, and selecting the first five most significant characteristic indexes:
(35) and calculating a composite characteristic state index according to the initial average weight:
wherein M is 5, k is 1-5, omegakA weight representing a k index;
(36) drawing G of standard state and installation defect state according to the step (35)j(Fi) Two-dimensional signature graph, calculating the residual error of two states:
(37) iteratively calculating the maximum value of the residual error through a global optimal algorithm, and accordingly determining the weight corresponding to the maximum value of the residual error:
(38) redrawing two-dimensional characteristic curves of the standard in three directions and the two states of the installation defect according to the weight corresponding to the maximum residual error value obtained in the step (37);
(39) averaging all experimental groups in the two states of the standard and the installation defect to respectively obtain input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs in the two states to form a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database;
(4) installing a three-axis acceleration sensor on an inclined strut of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be detected; repeatedly carrying out a hammering vibration test on the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger through an impact hammer, and acquiring a hammering force input signal of each hammering through a force sensor arranged on a hammer head of the impact hammer; acceleration response signals in three directions on an inclined strut of the earthquake-proof support and hanger to be detected under different hammering forces are respectively collected through a triaxial acceleration sensor;
(5) denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction are carried out on the signals collected in the step (4), and an input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger is obtained;
(6) comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve chart of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger obtained in the step (5) with the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database obtained in the step (3), and judging whether the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger is installed qualified or not; and (4) if the installation is unqualified, comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger obtained in the step (5) with the installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database to obtain the installation defect type of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the anti-seismic support and hanger detection system of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the anti-seismic support and hanger detection system of the present invention includes a support and hanger test sample, an impact hammer, a force sensor, a triaxial acceleration sensor, a data acquisition and analysis instrument, and a memory; the force sensor is arranged on a hammer head of the impact hammer, and the three-axis acceleration sensor is arranged on an inclined stay bar of a supporting and hanging frame test sample; the data acquisition and analysis instrument is respectively in communication connection with the force sensor and the triaxial acceleration sensor, and the memory is connected with the data acquisition and analysis instrument.
In the invention, the support and hanger test samples comprise support and hanger standard samples which are installed according to the specification requirements of various specifications and support and hanger defect samples which are installed according to different defect types of various specifications. The standard samples of the support and hanger of various specifications are obtained by installation according to the installation requirements of relevant industrial standards on the premise that the design and production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified; the different mounting defect types of different types of support and hanger defect samples of all types of specifications are obtained in two ways, one way is to modify the support and hanger standard sample according to the set defect type after obtaining the various types of support and hanger standard samples of all types of specifications to obtain the support and hanger defect samples of all types of different mounting defect types, and the other way is to install according to the set mounting defect type to obtain the support and hanger defect samples of all types of different mounting defect types on the premise that the design and the production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified.
The impact hammer performs repeated hammering vibration test on various specifications of support and hanger standard samples or various specifications of support and hanger defect samples with different installation defect types, measures a hammering force input signal acquired by a force sensor arranged on the impact hammer, and sends the hammering force input signal to a data acquisition and analysis instrument; the triaxial acceleration sensor collects acceleration responses in the direction parallel to the inclined strut shaft and in the direction perpendicular to the inclined strut shaft on the inclined strut under the response of the hammering force, and sends the acceleration responses to the data acquisition and analysis instrument.
And the data acquisition and analysis instrument receives signals sent by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, performs denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction to obtain a standard input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of each specification of support and hanger standard sample and an installation defect input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of each specification of support and hanger defect sample with different installation defect types, and stores the two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs in a memory to form a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database.
The impact force hammer performs repeated hammering vibration test on the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger, measures a hammering force input signal acquired by a force sensor arranged on the impact force hammer, and sends the hammering force input signal to a data acquisition and analysis instrument; the triaxial acceleration sensor collects acceleration responses in the direction parallel to the inclined strut shaft and in the two directions perpendicular to the inclined strut shaft on the inclined strut under the response of the hammering force and sends the acceleration responses to the data acquisition and analysis instrument; the data acquisition and analysis instrument receives signals sent by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, and carries out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction to obtain an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger;
the data acquisition and analysis instrument compares an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger with a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database, and if the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database has matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs, the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger is judged to be installed qualified; and if the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database does not have matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curves, judging that the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger is unqualified to be installed, simultaneously comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curves of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger with the installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database to obtain matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curves, and determining the installation defect type of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger.
According to the method, a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database of qualified products of the anti-seismic support and hanger are obtained through tests, a two-dimensional characteristic curve of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested is obtained through collection and processing, and is compared with the obtained standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database to obtain whether the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested is installed qualified or not, and a specific installation defect type can be obtained by comparing the two-dimensional characteristic curve of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested with each curve in the obtained installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database. The accuracy of the detection result of the invention can reach more than 99.99%. The method has the advantages that the short plates which are subjected to installation acceptance only through manual visual inspection, inspection and observation subjective qualitative judgment are supplemented in the design, production, installation and acceptance of the existing anti-seismic support hanger, specific installation defects can be detected after the anti-seismic support hanger is unqualified to be installed, and then the anti-seismic support hanger is modified to obtain the qualified anti-seismic support hanger, so that the blank in the field is filled, and therefore the anti-seismic support can be guaranteed to be capable of really temporary and normal play in an earthquake, and the safety of lives and properties of people and people is guaranteed.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing embodiments, and various equivalent changes (such as specification, number, shape, position, etc.) may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical spirit of the present invention, and all such equivalent changes are covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a antidetonation gallows detection method which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) on the premise that the design and production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified, mounting according to the requirements of relevant industrial standard mounting to obtain various standard support and hanger samples of various specifications; mounting according to the mounting defect types of the anti-seismic support and hanger to obtain defect samples of different mounting defect types of support and hanger of various specifications; installing a three-axis acceleration sensor on inclined support rods of various specifications of support and hanger standard samples and various specifications of support and hanger standard samples with different installation defect types;
(2) performing repeated hammering vibration experiment on the standard samples of all the specifications of the supports and hangers installed in the step (1) and the defect samples of all the specifications of the supports and hangers with different installation defect types through an impact hammer, and installing the standard samples and the defect samples in different installation defect typesThe force sensor on the hammer head of the impact force hammer collects hammering force input signals of each hammering, and the three-axis acceleration sensor collects acceleration response signals Y of the inclined strut in different directions under the excitation of hammeringij(t), j is 1,2,3, i is 1 to 16; where j represents three directions and i represents a 16 level input;
(3) carrying out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction on the hammering force input signals collected by the force sensor and the acceleration response signals of the inclined strut collected by the triaxial acceleration sensor in different directions under hammering excitation to obtain a standard input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph and an installation defect input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of each type of support and hanger, and forming a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database;
(4) installing a three-axis acceleration sensor on an inclined strut of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be detected; repeatedly carrying out a hammering vibration test on the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger through an impact hammer, and acquiring a hammering force input signal of each hammering through a force sensor arranged on a hammer head of the impact hammer; acceleration response signals in three directions on an inclined strut of the earthquake-proof support and hanger to be detected under different hammering forces are respectively collected through a triaxial acceleration sensor;
(5) denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction are carried out on the signals collected in the step (4), and an input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger is obtained;
(6) and (4) comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger obtained in the step (5) with the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database obtained in the step (3), and judging whether the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger is installed qualified.
2. The earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: after judging that the installation of an antidetonation gallows that awaits measuring is unqualified, detect the defect type of an antidetonation gallows that awaits measuring, specifically do: and (4) comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve diagrams of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger obtained in the step (5) with the installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database obtained in the step (3) to obtain the installation defect type of the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger.
3. The earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the denoising and dimension reduction and feature extraction of the acquired signals in the step (3) are specifically as follows:
(31) response signal of standard support and hanger under hammering excitation acquired by triaxial acceleration sensor
Response time interval of mounting defect support hanger
Hammer excitation FiAnd dividing the equal-length response sequences of all levels by adding a rectangular window to the response data of the support and hanger according to the excitation level to obtain:
wherein h represents a healthy state, d represents an installation defect state, and t represents a response time interval;
(32) preprocessing the response sequence of the anti-seismic support hanger obtained in the step (31), and the preprocessing comprises the following steps: removing particle swarm, moving smoothness and removing trend items;
(33) calculating a characteristic index of the acceleration response of the anti-seismic support and hanger based on a statistical theory, and drawing a corresponding characteristic index histogram according to the characteristic index;
(34) screening to obtain characteristic indexes capable of distinguishing standard and mounting defect states by counting a characteristic index histogram of the comparison standard and the mounting defect signal; sorting the screened characteristic indexes by adopting a T-TEST (TEST-TEST) inspection algorithm, then reducing the dimension by a PCA (principal component analysis) method, and selecting the m most significant characteristic indexes:
(35) computing a composite from the initial average weightsCharacteristic state indexes:
wherein M is M, k is 1-M, omegakA weight representing a k index;
(36) drawing G of standard state and installation defect state according to the step (35)j(Fi) Two-dimensional signature graph, calculating the residual error of two states:
(37) iteratively calculating the maximum value of the residual error through a global optimal algorithm, and accordingly determining the weight corresponding to the maximum value of the residual error:
(38) redrawing two-dimensional characteristic curves of the standard in three directions and the two states of the installation defect according to the weight corresponding to the maximum residual error value obtained in the step (37);
(39) and averaging the experimental groups in the two states of the standard and the installation defects to respectively obtain input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs in the two states to form a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database and a two-dimensional characteristic curve database of each installation defect.
4. The earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in step (34), the first five most significant feature indexes are selected.
5. The earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hammering position of the impact force hammer is located at the top end of the intersection of all the rods of the suspension part of the support and hanger, and the hammering force ranges from 100N to 6000N and is input in 16 levels.
6. An earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection system adopting the earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection method as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the device comprises a support and hanger test sample, an impact hammer, a force sensor, a three-axis acceleration sensor, a data acquisition and analysis instrument and a memory; the force sensor is arranged on a hammer head of the impact hammer, and the three-axis acceleration sensor is arranged on an inclined stay bar of a support hanger test standard sample; the data acquisition and analysis instrument is respectively in communication connection with the force sensor and the triaxial acceleration sensor, and the memory is connected with the data acquisition and analysis instrument;
the support and hanger test samples comprise various support and hanger standard samples which are installed according to various specifications and relevant standards of the industry and various support and hanger defect samples which are different in installation defect types and have various specifications;
the impact hammer performs repeated hammering vibration test on various specifications of support and hanger standard samples or various specifications of support and hanger defect samples with different installation defect types, measures a hammering force input signal acquired by a force sensor arranged on the impact hammer, and sends the hammering force input signal to a data acquisition and analysis instrument; the triaxial acceleration sensor collects acceleration responses in the direction parallel to the inclined strut shaft and in the two directions perpendicular to the inclined strut shaft on the inclined strut under the response of the hammering force and sends the acceleration responses to the data acquisition and analysis instrument;
the data acquisition and analysis instrument receives signals sent by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, and carries out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction to obtain a standard input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of each specification of support and hanger standard sample and an input and output two-dimensional feature curve graph of each specification of support and hanger defect sample with different installation defect types, and the standard input and output two-dimensional feature curve graphs and the input and output two-dimensional feature curve graphs are stored in a memory to form a standard two-dimensional feature curve database and an installation defect two-dimensional feature curve database;
the impact force hammer performs repeated hammering vibration test on the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger, measures a hammering force input signal acquired by a force sensor arranged on the impact force hammer, and sends the hammering force input signal to a data acquisition and analysis instrument; the triaxial acceleration sensor collects acceleration responses in the direction parallel to the inclined strut shaft and in the two directions perpendicular to the inclined strut shaft on the inclined strut under the response of the hammering force and sends the acceleration responses to the data acquisition and analysis instrument; the data acquisition and analysis instrument receives signals sent by the triaxial acceleration sensor and the force sensor, and carries out denoising, dimension reduction and feature extraction to obtain an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger;
the data acquisition and analysis instrument compares an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graph of the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested with a standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database, and if the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database has matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs, whether the anti-seismic support and hanger to be tested is installed qualified is judged; and if the standard two-dimensional characteristic curve database does not have matched input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve graphs, judging that the to-be-tested anti-seismic support and hanger is unqualified to install.
7. An earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection system according to claim 6, wherein: and after the data acquisition and analysis meter judges that the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger is unqualified to be installed, comparing the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger with the installation defect two-dimensional characteristic curve database to obtain an input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve matched with the input and output two-dimensional characteristic curve database, and determining the installation defect type of the to-be-detected anti-seismic support and hanger.
8. An earthquake-resistant support and hanger detection system according to claim 6, wherein: the standard samples of the supports and hangers of various specifications are obtained by installing the support and hanger test samples according to the installation requirements of relevant industrial standards on the premise that the design and production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified; the method comprises the following steps that various support and hanger defect samples with different installation defect types in various specifications are obtained in two ways, wherein one way is to obtain the support and hanger standard samples in various specifications by modifying the support and hanger standard samples according to the set installation defect types; and the other type is obtained by installing according to the set installation defect type on the premise that the design and the production of the anti-seismic support and hanger are qualified.
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