CN111140424A - Closed wave power generation device with adjustable gravity center position and power generation control method - Google Patents
Closed wave power generation device with adjustable gravity center position and power generation control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111140424A CN111140424A CN202010082205.4A CN202010082205A CN111140424A CN 111140424 A CN111140424 A CN 111140424A CN 202010082205 A CN202010082205 A CN 202010082205A CN 111140424 A CN111140424 A CN 111140424A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 126
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimise the performance of a machine
- F05B2270/202—Tuning to wave conditions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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Abstract
The invention discloses a closed wave power generation device with an adjustable gravity center position and a power generation control method, wherein the power generation device comprises a closed shell, and the inside of the shell is provided with: the shaft body is provided with an eccentric weight; the base is used for mounting the shaft body, and the shaft body can freely rotate around the axis of the shaft body; a pump shaft of the hydraulic pump is in transmission connection with the shaft body through a speed increaser; and the lifting unit is used for driving the base to ascend or descend. The power generation device and the power generation control method can actively adjust the gravity center position of the power generation device according to the size of waves, so that the power generation device can reliably survive under extreme ocean conditions, can efficiently capture wave energy under small wind waves, can adjust the power generation capacity according to different wave conditions, improve the power generation efficiency and stability, and are suitable for complex and variable ocean environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a closed wave energy power generation device with an adjustable gravity center position and a power generation control method, and belongs to the technical field of wave energy power generation systems.
Background
The ocean contains rich renewable energy sources, the main existing forms are ocean wind energy, wave energy, tidal energy and the like, and the theoretical total amount can reach 2.1 multiplied by 106TW · h. Among them, wave energy is a kind of energy with the largest energy density in ocean renewable energy, and has the characteristics of concentrated energy distribution, high theoretical energy capture efficiency, long effective energy production time and the like, and has attracted extensive attention.
Wave energy development and utilization devices are various in types, and can be divided into types such as fixed pendulum type consumption, floating pendulum type consumption, pendulum type cutoff, raft type consumption, duck type, oscillating water column type, oscillating floater type and the like according to structural forms, but the basic principle of the wave energy development and utilization devices can be roughly divided into three types, namely: (1) generating power by utilizing the oscillation and the swinging motion of the structure under the action of waves; (2) generating electricity by utilizing the change of wave pressure; (3) the wave energy is converted into the potential energy of water by utilizing the climbing of the waves along the structure to generate electricity. For example, the invention patent with the application number of 201811637778.8 discloses a wave energy power generation device for capturing energy by utilizing free pendulums, which not only can efficiently capture wave energy in different wave directions, but also can convert the wave energy into electric energy in a fixed value and output the electric energy. The invention patent with the application number of 201811546204.X discloses a gyro wave energy power generation device which adopts a two-stage energy conversion link and has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume and light weight. The invention patent with the application number of 201910862898.6 discloses a wave-pressing type wave energy conversion device, which improves the energy conversion rate of a pneumatic wave energy power generation technology.
Although wave energy power generation devices are different in form, the popularization and application of the wave energy power generation technology are still restricted due to high research and development cost and large investment. The wave energy power generation device has the advantages that the reliability of the wave energy power generation device is improved, the effective service life of equipment is prolonged, and the wave energy power generation device is an effective way for reducing the power generation cost. The invention patent with the application number of 201711369487.0 discloses a totally-enclosed inertia point suction type wave energy device, the system oscillation frequency is controllable, the environment adaptability is strong, the problem of seawater corrosion resistance of the wave energy device is effectively solved, and the system reliability is high. However, under extreme ocean conditions such as high winds and heavy waves, the wave energy power generation device is prone to overturn, and therefore the equipment is completely out of work. If the gravity center position is lowered to increase the distance between the gravity center and the floating center position so as to improve the wind and wave resistance of the equipment, the motion amplitude of the power generation device is reduced, and the energy capture efficiency of the power generation device is reduced. Therefore, the problem of synergy between the reliability and the high efficiency of the wave power generation device is not solved effectively.
The above description is included in the technical recognition scope of the inventors, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a closed wave energy power generation device with an adjustable gravity center position and a power generation control method, wherein the distance between the gravity center and the floating center position can be actively adjusted according to the characteristics of sea conditions, so that the power generation device can reliably survive under extreme sea conditions, and the power generation device can ensure higher energy capture efficiency under the condition of small wind waves.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
on the one hand, the application provides a closed wave energy power generation facility of focus position adjustable, including confined casing, be provided with in the casing:
the shaft body is provided with an eccentric weight member, and the eccentric weight member is eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of the shaft body;
the base is used for mounting the shaft body, and the shaft body can freely rotate around the axis of the shaft body;
a pump shaft of the hydraulic pump is in transmission connection with the shaft body through a speed increaser, an oil inlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with an oil tank through an oil supply pipeline, and an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with a hydraulic motor generator set through an oil conveying pipeline;
the lifting unit is connected with the base and used for driving the base to ascend or descend;
the control unit comprises a controller and a rotating speed sensor, the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the rotating speed of the shaft body, the rotating speed sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, and the lifting unit is connected with the output end of the controller.
Furthermore, the lifting unit is an electric driver, and the electric driver is connected with the output end of the control unit.
Furthermore, the lifting unit is a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the oil conveying pipeline, the hydraulic cylinder controls the on-off of a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder and the oil conveying pipeline through a first switch unit, and the first switch unit is connected with the output end of the control unit.
Further, the first switch unit is a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve or a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve.
Further, the hydraulic pump is two-way pump, and two hydraulic fluid ports of two-way pump pass through the positive and negative rotation switching of pump shaft and become oil inlet or oil drain port, and every hydraulic fluid port of two-way pump still links to each other with hydraulic motor generating set through an defeated oil pipe way when supplying oil pipe way and oil tank to link to each other, sets up the second switch unit on supplying oil pipe way and defeated oil pipe way, the second switch unit is used for controlling the oil tank through supplying oil pipe way, hydraulic pump, defeated oil pipe way to hydraulic motor generating set's one-way conduction.
Furthermore, the second switch unit comprises a one-way valve arranged on an oil supply pipeline and an oil delivery pipeline, wherein the one-way valve arranged on the oil supply pipeline is in one-way conduction with the two-way pump, and the one-way valve arranged on the oil delivery pipeline is in one-way conduction with the hydraulic motor generator set.
Further, the eccentric weight member includes:
a balancing weight;
and the counterweight block is arranged on a cylinder rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the second hydraulic cylinder is connected with an oil conveying pipeline.
Furthermore, the closed wave power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position further comprises a hydraulic energy accumulator, the hydraulic energy accumulator is connected with the oil conveying pipeline, a third switch unit is arranged between the hydraulic energy accumulator and the oil conveying pipeline, the third switch unit is connected with the output end of the control unit, and the third switch unit is used for controlling the connection and disconnection between the hydraulic energy accumulator and the oil conveying pipeline.
On the other hand, the application provides a power generation control method based on the power generation device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the rotating speed of the shaft body as n1 and n2 respectively;
s2, acquiring the real-time rotating speed of the shaft body as n0 through a rotating speed sensor;
s3, if the n0 is larger than n1, controlling the lifting unit to push the base to descend;
if n0 < n2, controlling the lifting unit to push the base to ascend;
if n2 is not less than n0 is not less than n1, the lifting unit does not work, and the base maintains the current position.
Further, the power generation control method further includes:
s1, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the oil pipeline as p1 and p2 respectively;
s2, acquiring the oil pressure of the oil pipeline as p0 through a pressure sensor;
s3, if the p0 is larger than p1, controlling a third switch unit to conduct the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline;
if the p0 is less than the p2, controlling a third switch unit to conduct the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline;
and if the p2 is not less than p0 is not less than p1, controlling the third switch unit to disconnect the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline.
Benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:
the power generation device and the power generation control method can actively adjust the gravity center position of the power generation device according to the size of waves, so that the power generation device can reliably survive under extreme ocean conditions, can efficiently capture wave energy under small wind waves, can adjust the power generation capacity according to different wave conditions, improve the power generation efficiency and stability, and are suitable for complex and variable ocean environments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power plant according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part of a power generation device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a hydraulic schematic of the power plant of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary oil distributor in the power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of a power generation device according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of a power generation device according to still another embodiment related to the present application;
fig. 7 is a control logic diagram of the power generation control method according to the present application.
In the figure, 11 is an upper shell; 12 a lower shell; 20 shaft bodies; a 30 lifting unit; 31 an electric drive; 311 guide rails; 312 sliding sleeve; 313 weight block; a second hydraulic cylinder 314; 315 rotating the oil distributor; 316 a reservoir chamber; 317 oil path; 318 sealing ring; 319 circlip; a No. 32 first hydraulic cylinder; 321 three-position four-way electromagnetic change valve; 322 two-position four-way solenoid valve; 40 base; 50 hydraulic pumps; 60 speed increaser; 70 an oil supply line; 80 oil pipelines; 90 an oil tank; 110 a hydraulic motor; 120 generator; 710 one-way valve; 720 one-way valve; a No. 810 one-way valve; number 820, four, check valve; 100 hydraulic accumulators; 101 a third switching unit.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the enclosed wave energy power generation device with adjustable gravity center position provided by the present embodiment includes an enclosed housing, a shaft body 20 is disposed in the housing, an axis of the shaft body 20 is disposed along a gravity center line of the housing, and an eccentric weight member is disposed on the shaft body 20 and is eccentrically disposed with respect to the axis of the shaft body 20. The shaft body 20 is mounted on the base 40, and the shaft body 20 is freely rotatable about its own axis. A hydraulic pump 50 and a hydraulic motor generator set are also arranged in the shell, and a pump shaft of the hydraulic pump 50 is in transmission connection with the shaft body 20 through a speed increaser 60. The oil inlet of the hydraulic pump 50 is connected to the oil tank 90 through the oil supply line 70, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 50 is connected to the hydraulic motor generator set through the oil delivery line 80.
During operation, the casing floats on the sea surface, and under the impact action of waves, power generation facility takes place to rock, and when power generation facility gravity line of action was not in the plane that eccentric weight and axis body 20 constitute, eccentric weight will take place the swing to drive axis body 20 and rotate, and then drive the input shaft of speed increaser 60 and take place to rotate, after the speed increaser 60 rose, the output shaft output of speed increaser 60 was fast rotational speed, drives hydraulic pump 50 work. Under the action of the hydraulic pump 50, the hydraulic oil is sucked from the oil tank 90 through the oil supply line 70 by the hydraulic pump 50, discharged from the hydraulic pump 50 after being pressurized, delivered to the hydraulic motor generator set through the oil delivery line 80, and then returned to the oil tank 90.
Specifically, the hydraulic motor generator set includes a hydraulic motor 110 and a generator 120, and a rotating shaft of the hydraulic motor 110 is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the generator 120. When the hydraulic oil passes through the hydraulic motor generator set, the hydraulic motor 110 is driven to work, and the generator 120 is driven to generate electricity.
Furthermore, the shell is formed by splicing an upper shell 11 and a lower shell 12 to form a closed space, and equipment in the shell is isolated from seawater. The diameter of the lower shell 12 is larger than that of the upper shell 11, equipment in the lower shell is installed in the lower shell 12, and the gravity center of the device is located below the floating center, so that the power generation device stably floats on the sea surface. The speed increaser 60 is a planetary gear speed increaser box, and is fixedly connected with the base 40, and is used for increasing the lower rotating speed of the shaft body 20 to a higher rotating speed, so that the hydraulic pump 50 can be driven to work conveniently.
More importantly, a lifting unit 30 is further arranged in the shell, and a lifting output end of the lifting unit 30 is connected with the base 40 and used for pushing the base 40 to ascend or descend. When the wind waves are small, the shaking amplitude of the power generation device is small, the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 is low, and the energy capture efficiency of the power generation device is low. At this time, the control lifting unit 30 pushes the base 40, to which the devices such as the shaft body 20, the speed increaser 60, the hydraulic pump 50, and the like are mounted, upward moves the center of gravity of the wave power generation device, and moves the center of gravity of the power generation device upward to approach the floating center position, so that the stability of the power generation device is deteriorated, the shaking range is increased, the rotation speed of the shaft body 20 is increased, and the energy capture efficiency of the power generation device can be improved. When the stormy waves are large, the shaking amplitude of the power generation device is large, and the risk of overturning exists. At this time, the lifting unit 30 is controlled to push the base 40 on which the shaft 20, the speed increaser 60, the hydraulic pump 50 and other equipment are mounted to move downward, so that the center of gravity of the power generation device moves downward and is away from the floating center, thereby forming a 'tumbler' structure and improving the wind and wave resistance of the power generation device.
In order to realize automatic control, the power generation device further comprises a control unit, the control unit comprises a controller and a rotating speed sensor, the rotating speed sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 and sending a signal to the controller, after the controller analyzes the rotating speed signal of the shaft body 20, an instruction is sent to the lifting unit 30 through the output end, and the lifting unit 30 is controlled to execute the action of ascending or descending the driving base 40.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the lifting unit 30 is embodied as an electric driver 31, and the electric driver 31 is installed at the lower housing 12, and a lifting output end thereof is connected to the base 40 to push the base 40 to ascend or descend. Specifically, the electric actuator 31 is a ball screw mechanism or an electric push rod.
Referring to fig. 2 again, in order to guide the ascending and descending of the base 40 and make it ascend and descend smoothly, the ascending and descending unit 30 further includes a guide mechanism, the guide mechanism includes a guide rail 311, the guide rail 311 is fixed on the lower housing 12, a slide block, a sliding sleeve 312 or a sliding slot is provided on the base 40, and the slide block, the sliding sleeve 312 or the sliding slot is in sliding fit with the guide rail 311.
Further, the shaft body 20 may rotate in either a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, and thus the hydraulic pump 50 is selected as a bidirectional pump, specifically, a bidirectional gear pump, which may rotate in either a forward direction or a reverse direction and is capable of outputting high-pressure oil during a bidirectional movement of the bidirectional gear pump.
Referring again to fig. 3, the bidirectional gear pump has two oil ports, which are switched to an oil inlet or an oil discharge port by forward and reverse rotation of the pump shaft. Each oil port of the bidirectional gear pump is connected with the oil tank 90 through an oil supply pipeline 70 and is also connected with the hydraulic motor generator set through an oil conveying pipeline 80, the oil supply pipeline 70 and the oil conveying pipeline 80 are provided with a second switch unit, and the second switch unit is used for controlling the oil tank 90 to be in one-way conduction with the hydraulic motor generator set through the oil supply pipeline 70, the hydraulic pump 50 and the oil conveying pipeline 80.
Specifically, the second switching unit includes check valves provided on each of the oil supply line 70 and the oil delivery line 80. The first check valve 710 and the second check valve 720 respectively arranged on the two oil supply pipelines 70 are in one-way communication with the two-way gear pump, and the third check valve 810 and the fourth check valve 820 respectively arranged on the two oil conveying pipelines 80 are in one-way communication with the hydraulic motor generator set. The first check valve 710 and the second check valve 720 are check valves without spring return, which can reduce the pressure loss during oil suction, and the third check valve 810 and the fourth check valve 820 are check valves with spring return, which can quickly close the oil pipeline 80 when the flow direction of hydraulic oil changes.
Each group of oil supply pipeline 70 and oil delivery pipeline 80 are respectively controlled by a one-way valve, so that hydraulic oil can be conducted in one way from the oil tank 90 to the hydraulic motor generator set through the oil supply pipeline 70, the hydraulic pump 50 and the oil delivery pipeline 80 when the shaft body 20 rotates forwards or backwards, and the hydraulic oil is pressurized by the hydraulic pump 50 and then supplied to the hydraulic motor generator set for power generation.
Further, referring again to fig. 2, the eccentric weight member includes a weight 313 and a second hydraulic cylinder 314, both of which are eccentrically mounted on the shaft body 20, the weight 313 is mounted on a cylinder rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 314, and the second hydraulic cylinder 314 is connected to the oil pipeline 80. When the stormy waves are small, the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 is small, the pressure of hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump 50 is reduced, the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the rod cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder 314 is reduced, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 314 extends out, the balancing weight 313 is pushed to be far away from the shaft body 20, the eccentricity of the balancing weight 313 is increased, and then the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 is improved. When the stormy waves are large, the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 is large, the pressure of the hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump 50 is increased, the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the rod cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder 314 is increased, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 314 retracts, the counterweight block 313 is pushed to be close to the shaft body 20, the eccentricity of the counterweight block 313 is reduced, and the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to normally supply oil to the second hydraulic cylinder 314 based on the rotation of the shaft 20, a rotary oil distributor 315 is sleeved outside the shaft 20 and is rotatably connected to the shaft 20. Specifically, the rotary oil distributor 315 has an oil reservoir chamber 316 formed therein around the outer periphery of the shaft body 20. An oil passage 317 is provided in the shaft body 20, the oil passage 317 in the shaft body 20 communicates with an oil reservoir chamber 316 of the rotary oil distributor 315, and the oil reservoir chamber 316 also communicates with the second hydraulic cylinder 314. During operation, hydraulic oil enters the oil passage 317 in the shaft body 20, then enters the oil storage chamber 316 of the rotary oil distributor 315, and then enters the second hydraulic cylinder 314. The number of the rotary oil distributor 315 and the number of the oil passages 317 are two, and the rotary oil distributor and the oil passages are respectively connected with a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder 314.
In addition, a seal ring 318 is provided on the contact surface between the rotary oil distributor 315 and the shaft body 20 to realize dynamic sealing and prevent leakage of hydraulic oil in the oil storage chamber 316. Clamp springs 319 are respectively arranged between two ends of the rotary oil distributor 315 and the shaft body 20, and are used for limiting the axial movement of the rotary oil distributor 315 along the shaft body 20. During the rotation of the shaft body 20, the rotary oil distributor 315 does not rotate, and can normally supply hydraulic oil to the second hydraulic cylinder 314.
In addition, a hydraulic pressure gauge, a hydraulic flowmeter and the like can be further arranged on a pipeline through which the hydraulic oil passes so as to monitor the hydraulic condition of the power generation device in real time, a filter can be further arranged to intercept pollutants in the hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is kept clean, and the normal work of a hydraulic system is ensured.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 5, this embodiment is an alternative to the electric actuator 31 in embodiment 1, specifically, the electric actuator 31 is replaced by a hydraulic cylinder 32, and the specific connection manner is as follows:
the first hydraulic cylinder 32 is connected with the oil pipeline 80, the first hydraulic cylinder 32 controls the on-off of a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder and the oil pipeline 80 through a first switch unit, and the first switch unit is connected with the output end of the control unit. The rod or rodless chamber of cylinder number one 32 is filled with oil to drive the cylinder rod to retract or extend, and to push base 40 up or down.
In order to rapidly control the lifting of the base 40, in this embodiment, the first switch unit is specifically a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 321, and has an oil inlet P, an oil return port T, a working oil port a and a working oil port B, the working oil port a and the working oil port B are respectively communicated with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder 32, and the oil return port T is communicated with the working oil port B.
When the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 321 is positioned at the middle position, the connection between the first hydraulic cylinder 32 and the oil pipeline 80 is cut off, and the position of the cylinder rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 32 is in a locking state; when the hydraulic pump is positioned at the left position, high-pressure oil output by the hydraulic pump 50 enters a rodless cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder 32 to push the base 40 to move upwards; in the right position, high pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 50 enters the rod chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder 314, pushing the base 40 downward. Therefore, the center of gravity position of the power generation device can be directly controlled by the hydraulic oil output from the hydraulic pump 50.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 321 in embodiment 2 is replaced, specifically, the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 321 is replaced with a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve 322, and the specific connection manner is as follows:
the two-position four-way solenoid valve 322 has an oil inlet P, an oil return port O, a working oil port a and a working oil port B, the working oil port a and the working oil port B are respectively communicated with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 32, and the oil return port O is communicated with the working oil port B.
The rod-free cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder 32 is provided with a spring, and when the two-position four-way solenoid valve 322 is positioned at the left position, the cylinder rod position of the first hydraulic cylinder 32 is in a locking state. In the right position, the rod of first hydraulic cylinder 32 is in a floating state. Specifically, when the shaking amplitude of the power generation device is large, the pressure of hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump 50 is high, the spring in the rod-free cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder 32 is compressed, the cylinder rod retracts to drive the base 40 to move downwards, so that the center of gravity of the power generation device moves downwards, the distance between the center of gravity and the floating center is increased, and the stability of the power generation device is improved; when the wave power generation device shakes less, the pressure of hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump 50 is less, the spring in the rod-free cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder 32 extends, the cylinder rod extends out to drive the base 40 to move upwards, the center of gravity of the power generation device moves upwards, the distance between the center of gravity and the floating center is reduced, and the energy capture efficiency of the power generation device is improved. Therefore, the power generation device can actively adjust the position of the center of gravity according to the self shaking condition, and is suitable for different wave conditions.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, compared with embodiment 1, the power generation apparatus in this embodiment further includes a hydraulic accumulator 100, the hydraulic accumulator 100 is connected to the oil delivery pipeline 80, a third switching unit 101 is disposed between the hydraulic accumulator 100 and the oil delivery pipeline 80, the third switching unit 101 is connected to an output end of the control unit, and the third switching unit 101 is used for controlling on/off between the hydraulic accumulator 100 and the oil delivery pipeline 80. When the pressure of the hydraulic oil suddenly rises, the hydraulic accumulator can store a part of the hydraulic oil; when the pressure of the hydraulic oil is suddenly reduced, the hydraulic accumulator can release a part of the hydraulic oil, so that the hydraulic accumulator can eliminate the pressure impact of the hydraulic oil in a hydraulic system, and the power generation is stable.
Specifically, the third switch unit 101 is an electromagnetic switch valve, and when the electromagnetic switch valve is in the left position, the energy accumulator is disconnected from the oil pipeline 80 and does not play a role; when the electromagnetic switch valve is in the right position, the accumulator is communicated with the oil pipeline 80 to play a role.
As shown in fig. 7, in another aspect, the present application provides a power generation control method, which is based on the power generation apparatuses of embodiments 1 to 3 and adopts a rotation speed closed-loop control strategy, and comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the rotating speed of the shaft body 20 as n1 and n2 respectively when the power generation device works;
s2, acquiring the real-time rotating speed of the shaft body 20 as n0 through a rotating speed sensor;
s3, if n0 is larger than n1, judging that the waves in the current working environment are large, controlling the lifting unit 30 to push the base 40 to descend, so that the gravity center of the power generation device is lowered, the distance between the gravity center and the floating center of the power generation device is increased, the running reliability of the power generation device is improved, and n0 is reduced;
if n0 is less than n2, the waves in the current working environment are judged to be small, the lifting unit 30 is controlled to push the base 40 to ascend, so that the gravity center of the power generation device is improved, the distance between the gravity center and the floating center of the power generation device is reduced, the power generation efficiency of the power generation device is improved, and n0 is increased;
if n2 is not less than n0 is not less than n1, the lifting unit 30 does not work, the base 40 maintains the current position, and the power generation device works under the rated working condition, so that the operation is reliable, and the power generation is stable.
Further, referring to fig. 7 again, based on the power generation control method of the power generation apparatus of embodiment 4, a strategy of parallel connection of the rotating speed closed-loop control and the pressure closed-loop control is adopted, and the pressure closed-loop control strategy includes the following steps:
s1, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the oil pipeline 80 to be p1 and p2 respectively when the power generation device works;
s2, arranging a pressure sensor at the tail end of the oil pipeline 80, and acquiring the oil pressure of the oil pipeline 80 as p0 through the pressure sensor;
s3, if p0 is larger than p1, judging that the pressure in the current hydraulic system is high, controlling the third switch unit 101 to be opened, conducting the hydraulic energy accumulator 100 and the oil pipeline 80, and enabling the energy accumulator to absorb redundant pressure to reduce p0 and avoid overhigh generating voltage;
if p0 is less than p2, the pressure in the current hydraulic system is judged to be low, the third switch unit 101 is controlled to be opened, the hydraulic accumulator 100 and the oil pipeline 80 are conducted, the accumulator releases the pressure, the p0 is increased, and the power generation voltage is prevented from being too low;
if p2 is not less than p0 is not less than p1, the third switch unit 101 is controlled to be closed, the hydraulic accumulator 100 and the oil pipeline 80 are disconnected, and the power generation device works under the rated working condition, runs reliably and generates power stably.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the indicated orientations and positional relationships based on the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a focus position adjustable closed wave energy power generation facility which characterized in that, includes confined casing, be provided with in the casing:
the shaft body is provided with an eccentric weight member, and the eccentric weight member is eccentrically arranged relative to the axis of the shaft body;
the base is used for mounting the shaft body, and the shaft body can freely rotate around the axis of the shaft body;
a pump shaft of the hydraulic pump is in transmission connection with the shaft body through a speed increaser, an oil inlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with an oil tank through an oil supply pipeline, and an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with a hydraulic motor generator set through an oil conveying pipeline;
the lifting unit is connected with the base and used for driving the base to ascend or descend;
the control unit comprises a controller and a rotating speed sensor, the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the rotating speed of the shaft body, the rotating speed sensor is connected with the input end of the controller, and the lifting unit is connected with the output end of the controller.
2. The enclosed wave energy power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting unit is an electric driver, and the electric driver is connected with the output end of the control unit.
3. The closed wave energy power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting unit is a first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with the oil pipeline, the first hydraulic cylinder controls the connection and disconnection of a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder and the oil pipeline through a first switch unit, and the first switch unit is connected with the output end of the control unit.
4. The closed wave energy power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position according to claim 3, characterized in that the first switch unit is a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve or a two-position four-way electromagnetic valve.
5. The closed wave power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pump is a bidirectional pump, two oil ports of the bidirectional pump are switched to an oil inlet or an oil outlet through forward and reverse rotation of a pump shaft, each oil port of the bidirectional pump is connected with the oil tank through an oil supply pipeline and is also connected with the hydraulic motor generator set through an oil conveying pipeline, a second switch unit is arranged on the oil supply pipeline and the oil conveying pipeline, and the second switch unit is used for controlling one-way conduction from the oil tank to the hydraulic motor generator set through the oil supply pipeline, the hydraulic pump and the oil conveying pipeline.
6. The closed wave energy power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position according to claim 5, characterized in that the second switch unit comprises one-way valves arranged on an oil supply pipeline and an oil delivery pipeline, wherein the one-way valve arranged on the oil supply pipeline is communicated with the two-way pump in a one-way mode, and the one-way valve arranged on the oil delivery pipeline is communicated with the hydraulic motor generator set in a one-way mode.
7. The enclosed wave energy power generation device with adjustable center of gravity of claim 1, wherein the eccentric weight comprises:
a balancing weight;
and the counterweight block is arranged on a cylinder rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the second hydraulic cylinder is connected with an oil conveying pipeline.
8. The closed wave energy power generation device with the adjustable gravity center position according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic accumulator, wherein the hydraulic accumulator is connected with an oil pipeline, a third switch unit is arranged between the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline, the third switch unit is connected with an output end of the control unit, and the third switch unit is used for controlling on-off between the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline.
9. A power generation control method, characterized in that the power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 includes:
s1, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the rotating speed of the shaft body as n1 and n2 respectively;
s2, acquiring the real-time rotating speed of the shaft body as n0 through a rotating speed sensor;
s3, if the n0 is larger than n1, controlling the lifting unit to push the base to descend;
if n0 < n2, controlling the lifting unit to push the base to ascend;
if n2 is not less than n0 is not less than n1, the lifting unit does not work, and the base maintains the current position.
10. The power generation control method according to claim 9, wherein the power generation device further provides a hydraulic accumulator connected to the oil delivery pipeline, a third switch unit is arranged between the hydraulic accumulator and the oil delivery pipeline, the third switch unit is connected to an output end of the control unit, and the third switch unit is used for controlling on/off between the hydraulic accumulator and the oil delivery pipeline;
the control method further comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the oil pipeline as p1 and p2 respectively;
s2, acquiring the oil pressure of the oil pipeline as p0 through a pressure sensor;
s3, if the p0 is larger than p1, controlling a third switch unit to conduct the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline;
if the p0 is less than the p2, controlling a third switch unit to conduct the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline;
and if the p2 is not less than p0 is not less than p1, controlling the third switch unit to disconnect the hydraulic accumulator and the oil pipeline.
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Cited By (1)
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| JP7529339B1 (en) | 2022-06-06 | 2024-08-06 | 中国科学院広州能源研究所 | Method for hydraulic load hierarchical control of indirect wave energy devices |
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