CN111139973A - Prefabricated concrete column with assembled disassembly-free template and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Prefabricated concrete column with assembled disassembly-free template and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111139973A CN111139973A CN202010062983.7A CN202010062983A CN111139973A CN 111139973 A CN111139973 A CN 111139973A CN 202010062983 A CN202010062983 A CN 202010062983A CN 111139973 A CN111139973 A CN 111139973A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/025—Structures with concrete columns
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column and a preparation process thereof, wherein the assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column comprises a precast concrete column, the precast concrete column is connected with a damping support through bolts and iron base plates, the precast concrete column comprises a disassembly-free composite template, a main rib and a concrete filling part, stirrups are bound on the main rib at equal intervals, four disassembly-free composite templates are buckled outside a rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework formed by the main rib and the stirrups, two rows of rectangular square grooves are arranged on the inner side surface of the disassembly-free composite template, the concrete filling part is poured in a rectangular cylindrical framework surrounded by the disassembly-free composite template, the concrete filling part is provided with bolt holes corresponding to column connecting holes, and the bolts are connected in the column connecting holes and the bolt holes in a penetrating manner. The precast concrete column and the shock absorption support are assembled into a whole, so that the situation that the shock absorption support is corroded by adverse factors such as rainwater is avoided; the shock absorption support can play a good shock absorption role, and damage to the whole column in earthquake disasters is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column and a preparation process thereof.
Background
At present, the building industry in China develops rapidly, and as people put forward new requirements on the problems of building construction efficiency, environmental protection, quality and the like, the assembly type building begins to enter the eye curtain of people, and as the maturity of related matching technologies and the support of policies, the assembly type building will become a mainstream construction mode in the future.
Despite its many advantages, fabricated buildings do not completely replace cast-in-place integrity due to limitations in construction technology and seismic resistance. The integrity and the rigidity of the building are weak, the shock resistance is poor, and the building structure can be seriously damaged in an earthquake.
In the existing hoisting process of the assembly type building component, a foundation embedded part of an anti-seismic support is usually firstly placed in the concrete of a foundation, and after the anti-seismic support is connected to the embedded part, a column transported to a construction site is hoisted. Before hoisting, if adverse weather is met, the damping support pre-installed on the foundation is possibly influenced by factors such as rainwater, and the structural performance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column and a preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background art. The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column comprises a shock absorption support, wherein the shock absorption support comprises an upper protective cover, a lower protective cover and an A-shaped elastic sheet, a column connecting hole is formed in the top of the upper protective cover, a ball groove is formed in the top of the A-shaped elastic sheet 8, balls are arranged between the upper protective cover and the A-shaped elastic sheet, the upper protective cover is provided with 3 rows of 18 bolt preformed holes in total, the bolt preformed holes are used for fixing a lower trapezoidal rubber pad and connecting the precast concrete column which is erected above the upper protective cover, a first spring hook preformed hole is formed in the edge of the upper protective cover, a second spring hook preformed hole is formed in the edge of the lower protective cover, every two trapezoidal rubber pads are fixed in a staggered mode, gaps are reserved between every two trapezoidal rubber pads, gaps are reserved between the upper bottom surface with a smaller area and the upper protective cover and the lower protective cover, and a spring limiting groove is formed, the lower protective cover is provided with 3 rows of 12 bolt preformed holes for fixing the upper trapezoidal rubber pad, the prefabricated concrete column of the assembly type disassembly-free template further comprises a prefabricated concrete column, the prefabricated concrete column is connected with a damping support through bolts and iron base plates, the prefabricated concrete column comprises disassembly-free composite templates, main reinforcements and filled concrete parts, stirrups are bound on the main reinforcements at equal intervals, the main reinforcements and the stirrups form a rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework, four disassembly-free composite templates are buckled outside the rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework formed by the main reinforcements and the stirrups to form a rectangular tubular framework, two rows of rectangular square grooves are arranged on the inner side surface of the disassembly-free composite templates, the upper parts and the lower parts of the rectangular square grooves are equal-interval transverse reinforcements, the left parts and the right parts are equal-interval longitudinal reinforcements, the filled concrete parts are poured in the rectangular tubular framework formed by the disassembly-free composite templates, the concrete filling part is provided with bolt holes corresponding to the column connecting holes, and the bolts are connected in the column connecting holes and the bolt holes in a penetrating mode.
In the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column, the disassembly-free composite template is further provided with two rows of dovetail grooves, and the dovetail grooves penetrate through the transverse ribs and are positioned on the central line of the rectangular grid grooves.
In the prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template, the buckling part of the two disassembly-free composite templates is provided with the embedded sawtooth clamping strip.
In the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column, the A-shaped elastic sheet is made of memory alloy and a first high-strength spring, the shock absorption support also comprises a second high-strength spring, one end of the second high-strength spring is welded with a blocking part on the lower protective cover, the other end of the second high-strength spring is welded with the lower part of the A-shaped elastic sheet, and the second high-strength spring and the first high-strength spring have different elastic coefficients.
In the prefabricated concrete column with the assembled disassembly-free template, the trapezoidal rubber pad is in an isosceles trapezoid shape.
A preparation process of an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of disassembly-free composite template
1) Material metering: weighing cement, sand, a compacting agent and a water reducing agent according to the weight; 2) stirring and feeding: adding 1/2 water, adding sand and cement, stirring for 1min, adding 1/2 water, and stirring for 2min to obtain mortar, or adding sand and cement, stirring for 1min, adding water and compacting agent, and stirring for 2min to obtain mortar; 3) net distribution and vibration molding: the glass fiber mesh cloth is fully and flatly spread in a template mould, the mortar is vibrated and densely formed after entering the mould, the surface of the mortar has no honeycomb or pitted surface, the vibration time is not too long, the delamination and the segregation are prevented, and the time of the process that the concrete is discharged from a mixer to an operation surface is controlled within 45 min; 4) and (5) maintenance: demolding the composite template at normal temperature, wherein the demolding strength is more than 1Mpa, and the water spraying curing or the covering film moistening curing is carried out in time before and after demolding to prevent drying shrinkage cracks due to dehydration, and the curing is carried out for 28 days to obtain the disassembly-free composite template;
step two: preparation of precast concrete column
Fixing main reinforcements and stirrups to form a rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework, buckling a manufactured disassembly-free composite template outside the rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework to form a rectangular cylindrical frame, installing a template supporting member outside the disassembly-free composite template to provide support for the disassembly-free composite template, pouring concrete into the rectangular cylindrical frame surrounded by the disassembly-free composite template, forming firm occlusion connection between the disassembly-free composite template and the structural concrete when the structural concrete reaches the formwork disassembly age, and disassembling the template supporting member to obtain a non-disassembly composite template serving as a permanent protective layer of the structural concrete to obtain the precast concrete column;
step three: preparation of prefabricated concrete column with assembled disassembly-free template
When a foundation pit is poured, a basic embedded part is embedded into the reinforced concrete, the prefabricated concrete column and the anti-seismic support are assembled firstly to obtain the prefabricated template concrete column which is assembled without disassembling, and then the anti-seismic support of the prefabricated template concrete column which is not disassembled is connected to the embedded part.
The prefabricated concrete column with the assembled disassembly-free template and the preparation process thereof have the following advantages:
(1) according to the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column, the assembly between the precast concrete column and the damping support is simple, the rapid assembly of the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column can be realized, and the construction efficiency is improved;
(2) the shock absorption support can play a good shock absorption role on the whole prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template, so that the damage to the whole prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template in an earthquake disaster can be greatly reduced, and the building safety and the life and property safety of people are guaranteed;
(3) the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column is characterized in that the fabricated concrete column and the damping support are assembled into a whole, and then the fabricated concrete column and the damping support are integrally hoisted to a basic embedded part of a foundation pit, so that the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column is different from the prior art that the damping support is connected to the basic embedded part in advance, and then the fabricated concrete column and the damping support are hoisted on site, and the condition that the damping support is corroded by adverse factors such as rainwater before the fabricated concrete column is not hoisted is avoided.
(4) The disassembly-free composite template can play a good role in protecting the precast concrete column, and the rectangular grid grooves on the disassembly-free composite template can form firm occlusion connection with structural concrete after the concrete is hardened, so that the disassembly-free composite template becomes a permanent protective layer of the structural concrete, the integral compressive strength of the precast concrete column is greatly enhanced, and the integral bearing capacity of the prefabricated concrete column of the assembly type disassembly-free template is improved;
(5) the arrangement of the two rows of dovetail grooves on the disassembly-free composite template can greatly enhance the firmness of the occluded connection between the disassembly-free composite template and the structural concrete, avoid the stripping phenomenon between the disassembly-free composite template and the structural concrete and enhance the integrity and the integral compressive strength of the precast concrete column;
(6) the sawtooth card strip of looks gomphosis that two exempt from to dismantle composite forms board lock department set up has strengthened the interlock dynamics of exempting from to dismantle between the composite forms board, make to exempt from to dismantle more firm that links up between the composite forms board, and at exempting from to dismantle composite forms board lock department coating pitch, not only can strengthen the firm in connection degree of exempting from to dismantle the composite forms board, can also play certain cushioning effect, can prevent effectively and exempt from to dismantle the production of crackle on the composite forms board, improve the antidetonation compressive strength who dismantles the composite forms board.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the shock mount of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural schematic of a basic embedment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a disassembly-free composite template in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a disassembly-free composite form in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along plane C-C of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 8 is a snap-fit view of the disassembly-free composite form in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a disassembly-free composite template in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a disassembly-free composite form in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the D-D surface of FIG. 9 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 12 is a snap-fit view of a disassembly-free composite shuttering in embodiment 2 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column comprises a shock absorption support 14, the shock absorption support 14 comprises an upper protective cover 2, a lower protective cover 9 and an a-shaped elastic sheet 8, the top of the upper protective cover 2 is provided with a column connecting hole 1, the a-shaped elastic sheet 8 is made of memory alloy and a first high-strength spring 12, the number of the first high-strength spring 12 in the middle can be adjusted according to actual requirements, the shock absorption support 14 further comprises a second high-strength spring 4, one end of the second high-strength spring 4 is welded with a blocking part on the lower protective cover 9, the other end of the second high-strength spring is welded with the lower part of the a-shaped elastic sheet 8, the second high-strength spring 4 and the first high-strength spring 12 have different elastic coefficients, when the a-shaped elastic sheet 8 is pressed, the displacement in the middle of the a-shaped elastic sheet 8 is smaller than that of the bottom of the a-shaped elastic sheet 8, two springs with different elasticity are arranged to make, the top of the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 is provided with a ball groove for containing balls 5, the balls 5 are arranged between the upper protective cover 2 and the A-shaped elastic sheet 8, the upper protective cover 2 is provided with 3 rows of 18 bolt preformed holes 7 in total, the ladder-shaped rubber pads 3 are used for fixing the lower part and are connected with a precast concrete column 13 erected above the upper protective cover 2, the edge of the upper protective cover 2 is provided with a first spring hook preformed hole 6, the edge of the lower protective cover 9 is provided with a second spring hook preformed hole 11, the ladder-shaped rubber pads 3 are in an isosceles trapezoid shape, every two of the ladder-shaped rubber pads 3 are fixed in a wedge-shaped staggered mode, gaps are reserved between the upper bottom surface with smaller area and the upper protective cover 2 as well as the lower protective cover 9, the bottom of the lower protective cover 9 is provided with a spring limiting groove 10, the lower protective cover 9 is provided with 3 rows of 12 bolt preformed holes 7 in total for fixing the upper ladder-shaped rubber pads 3, the ball 5 is used for being connected with the shock absorption support 14, on one hand, the upper protective cover 2 is supported, on the other hand, the upper protective cover 2 and the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 can move freely, the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 is used for buffering stress from the vertical direction, and the circular groove in the top of the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 is used for preventing the ball 5 from separating from the elastic sheet in the rolling process; the spring limiting groove 10 is used for limiting the arching of the spring positioned at the bottom of the support when the spring is compressed and reducing the side swing degree of the trapezoidal rubber in the support in the earthquake process; the trapezoidal rubber pad 3 is used for bearing vertical stress, buffering and reducing the lateral displacement of the building when an earthquake occurs; the bolt preformed hole 7 is used for fixing the ladder-shaped rubber pad 3 and the upper and lower protective covers and connecting the lower protective cover 9 and the foundation embedded part; second spring hook preformed hole 11 is used for suspension spring to go up protective cover 2 and protective cover 9 straining down, has avoided on the one hand using the high strength pole to connect the support that protective cover 2 and protective cover 9 lead to shaking the process take place the phenomenon that the back high strength pole directly is torn apart under the displacement, and another reverse side helps the support to take place to shift the back and automatic return to original position. The upper protective cover and the lower protective cover are tightly buckled together by the spring hung in the spring preformed hole, the connecting support is different from the existing connecting support for connecting the upper part and the lower part by using the rod piece, and the problem of deformation and fracture of the rod piece caused by overlarge application in an earthquake can be prevented. The trapezoidal rubber pads 3 are fixed in a staggered mode in pairs, a certain gap is reserved between every two adjacent trapezoidal rubber pads, and when transverse displacement is generated in an earthquake, the transverse buffering capacity of the shock absorption support 14 can be further improved; the trapezoidal pad 3 is combined with the A-shaped elastic sheet 8, so that the vertical buffering capacity of the shock absorption support 14 can be further improved when vertical stress is suddenly changed due to an earthquake; adopt ball 5, go up protective cover 2 and 8 repeated frictions of A type shell fragment and lead to the shape to change when avoiding the side direction to rock, bearing capacity reduces.
The prefabricated concrete column of the assembled disassembly-free template further comprises a prefabricated concrete column 13, the prefabricated concrete column 13 is connected with a damping support 14 through a bolt 16 and an iron base plate 19, the prefabricated concrete column 13 comprises a disassembly-free composite template 15, a main rib 18 and a concrete filling part, stirrups are bound on the main rib 18 at equal intervals, the main rib 18 and the stirrups form a rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework, four disassembly-free composite templates 15 are buckled outside the rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework formed by the main rib 18 and the stirrups to form a rectangular cylindrical framework, two rows of rectangular square grooves 151 are arranged on the inner side surface of the disassembly-free composite template 15, the upper part and the lower part of each rectangular square groove 151 are respectively provided with a transverse rib 152 at equal intervals, the left part and the right part are respectively provided with a longitudinal rib 153 at equal intervals, the concrete filling part is poured in the rectangular cylindrical framework formed by the disassembly-free composite template 15, the concrete filling part is provided with a bolt hole 17 corresponding to the column connecting hole, the bolt 16 is connected in the column connecting hole 1 and the bolt hole 17 in a penetrating way, and the buckling part of the disassembly-free composite template 15 can be coated with asphalt. According to the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column, the assembly between the precast concrete column and the damping support is simple, the rapid assembly of the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column can be realized, and the construction efficiency is improved; the shock absorption support can play a good shock absorption role on the whole prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template, so that the damage to the whole prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template in an earthquake disaster can be greatly reduced, and the building safety and the life and property safety of people are guaranteed; the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column is characterized in that the precast concrete column and the damping support are assembled into a whole, and then are integrally hoisted to a basic embedded part of a foundation pit, so that the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column is different from the prior art that the damping support is connected to the basic embedded part in advance, and then the precast concrete column and the damping support are hoisted on site, and the condition that the damping support is corroded by adverse factors such as rainwater before the precast concrete column is not hoisted is avoided; the disassembly-free composite template 15 can play a good role in protecting the precast concrete column 13, and the rectangular square lattice grooves 151 in the disassembly-free composite template 15 can form firm occlusion connection with structural concrete after the concrete is hardened, so that the disassembly-free composite template 15 becomes a permanent protective layer of the structural concrete, the integral compressive strength of the precast concrete column 13 is greatly enhanced, and the integral bearing capacity of the assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column is improved; the pitch is coated at the buckling position of the disassembly-free composite template 15, so that the connection firmness of the disassembly-free composite template 15 can be enhanced, a certain buffering effect can be achieved, the generation of cracks on the disassembly-free composite template 15 can be effectively prevented, and the anti-seismic and anti-compression strength of the disassembly composite template 15 is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 9 to 12, the prefabricated concrete column with an assembly type disassembly-free template comprises a shock absorption support 14, wherein the shock absorption support 14 comprises an upper protective cover 2, a lower protective cover 9 and an a-shaped elastic sheet 8, a column connecting hole 1 is formed in the top of the upper protective cover 2, the a-shaped elastic sheet 8 is made of memory alloy and a first high-strength spring 12, the number of the first high-strength spring 12 in the middle can be adjusted according to actual requirements, the shock absorption support 14 further comprises a second high-strength spring 4, one end of the second high-strength spring 4 is welded with a blocking part on the lower protective cover 9, the other end of the second high-strength spring is welded with the lower part of the a-shaped elastic sheet 8, the second high-strength spring 4 has different elastic coefficients from the first high-strength spring 12, when the a-shaped elastic sheet 8 is pressed, the displacement in the middle of the a-shaped elastic sheet 8 is smaller than that in the bottom of the a-shaped elastic sheet 8, two springs with different elastic forces, the top of the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 is provided with a ball groove for containing balls 5, the balls 5 are arranged between the upper protective cover 2 and the A-shaped elastic sheet 8, the upper protective cover 2 is provided with 3 rows of 18 bolt preformed holes 7 in total, the ladder-shaped rubber pads 3 are used for fixing the lower part and are connected with a precast concrete column 13 erected above the upper protective cover 2, the edge of the upper protective cover 2 is provided with a first spring hook preformed hole 6, the edge of the lower protective cover 9 is provided with a second spring hook preformed hole 11, the ladder-shaped rubber pads 3 are in an isosceles trapezoid shape, every two of the ladder-shaped rubber pads 3 are fixed in a wedge-shaped staggered mode, gaps are reserved between the upper bottom surface with smaller area and the upper protective cover 2 as well as the lower protective cover 9, the bottom of the lower protective cover 9 is provided with a spring limiting groove 10, the lower protective cover 9 is provided with 3 rows of 12 bolt preformed holes 7 in total for fixing the upper ladder-shaped rubber pads 3, the ball 5 is used for being connected with the shock absorption support 14, on one hand, the upper protective cover 2 is supported, on the other hand, the upper protective cover 2 and the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 can move freely, the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 is used for buffering stress from the vertical direction, and the circular groove in the top of the A-shaped elastic sheet 8 is used for preventing the ball 5 from separating from the elastic sheet in the rolling process; the spring limiting groove 10 is used for limiting the arching of the spring positioned at the bottom of the support when the spring is compressed and reducing the side swing degree of the trapezoidal rubber in the support in the earthquake process; the trapezoidal rubber pad 3 is used for bearing vertical stress, buffering and reducing the lateral displacement of the building when an earthquake occurs; the bolt preformed hole 7 is used for fixing the ladder-shaped rubber pad 3 and the upper and lower protective covers and connecting the lower protective cover 9 and the foundation embedded part; second spring hook preformed hole 11 is used for suspension spring to go up protective cover 2 and protective cover 9 straining down, has avoided on the one hand using the high strength pole to connect the support that protective cover 2 and protective cover 9 lead to shaking the process take place the phenomenon that the back high strength pole directly is torn apart under the displacement, and another reverse side helps the support to take place to shift the back and automatic return to original position. The upper protective cover and the lower protective cover are tightly buckled together by the spring hung in the spring preformed hole, the connecting support is different from the existing connecting support for connecting the upper part and the lower part by using the rod piece, and the problem of deformation and fracture of the rod piece caused by overlarge application in an earthquake can be prevented. The trapezoidal rubber pads 3 are fixed in a staggered mode in pairs, a certain gap is reserved between every two adjacent trapezoidal rubber pads, and when transverse displacement is generated in an earthquake, the transverse buffering capacity of the shock absorption support 14 can be further improved; the trapezoidal pad 3 is combined with the A-shaped elastic sheet 8, so that the vertical buffering capacity of the shock absorption support 14 can be further improved when vertical stress is suddenly changed due to an earthquake; adopt ball 5, go up protective cover 2 and 8 repeated frictions of A type shell fragment and lead to the shape to change when avoiding the side direction to rock, bearing capacity reduces.
The prefabricated concrete column of the assembled disassembly-free template further comprises a prefabricated concrete column 13, the prefabricated concrete column 13 is connected with the shock absorption support 14 through bolts 16 and iron base plates 19, the prefabricated concrete column 13 comprises a disassembly-free composite template 15, main ribs 18 and a concrete filling part, stirrups are bound on the main ribs 18 at equal intervals, the main ribs 18 and the stirrups form a rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework, four disassembly-free composite templates 15 are buckled outside the rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework formed by the main ribs 18 and the stirrups to form a rectangular cylindrical framework, two rows of rectangular square lattice grooves 151 are arranged on the inner side surface of the disassembly-free composite template 15, the upper and lower parts of the rectangular square lattice grooves 151 are respectively provided with equally-spaced transverse ribs 152, the left and right parts are respectively provided with equally-spaced longitudinal ribs 153, two rows of dovetail grooves 154 are also arranged on the disassembly-free composite template 15, the 154 penetrates through the transverse ribs 152 and is positioned on the central line of the rectangular square lattice grooves 151, the buckling parts of the two disassembly-free composite templates 15 are provided with dovetail grooves 155, the disassembly-free composite template 15 is arranged in a rectangular cylindrical frame which is surrounded by the disassembly-free composite template, a filled concrete part is poured in the rectangular cylindrical frame, the filled concrete part is provided with a bolt hole 17 corresponding to the column connecting hole 1, a bolt 16 is connected in the column connecting hole 1 and the bolt hole 17 in a penetrating manner, and asphalt can be coated at the buckling part of the disassembly-free composite template 15. According to the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column, the assembly between the precast concrete column and the damping support is simple, the rapid assembly of the assembly type disassembly-free template precast concrete column can be realized, and the construction efficiency is improved; the shock absorption support can play a good shock absorption role on the whole prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template, so that the damage to the whole prefabricated concrete column with the assembly type disassembly-free template in an earthquake disaster can be greatly reduced, and the building safety and the life and property safety of people are guaranteed; the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column is characterized in that the precast concrete column and the damping support are assembled into a whole, and then are integrally hoisted to a basic embedded part of a foundation pit, so that the fabricated disassembly-free template precast concrete column is different from the prior art that the damping support is connected to the basic embedded part in advance, and then the precast concrete column and the damping support are hoisted on site, and the condition that the damping support is corroded by adverse factors such as rainwater before the precast concrete column is not hoisted is avoided; the disassembly-free composite template 15 can play a good role in protecting the precast concrete column 13, and the rectangular square lattice grooves 151 in the disassembly-free composite template 15 can form firm occlusion connection with structural concrete after the concrete is hardened, so that the disassembly-free composite template 15 becomes a permanent protective layer of the structural concrete, the integral compressive strength of the precast concrete column 13 is greatly enhanced, and the integral bearing capacity of the assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column is improved; the two rows of dovetail grooves 154 on the disassembly-free composite template 15 can greatly enhance the firmness of the engagement connection between the disassembly-free composite template 15 and the structural concrete, avoid the stripping phenomenon between the disassembly-free composite template 15 and the structural concrete, and enhance the integrity and the overall compressive strength of the precast concrete column 13; sawtooth card strip 155's setting has strengthened the interlock dynamics of exempting from to dismantle between the composite forms board 15 for exempting from to dismantle more firm that links up between the composite forms board 15, and exempting from to dismantle 15 lock department coating pitch of composite forms board, not only can strengthen the firm in connection degree of exempting from to dismantle composite forms board 15, can also play certain cushioning effect, can prevent effectively and exempt from to dismantle the production of crackle on the composite forms board 15, improve the antidetonation compressive strength who dismantles composite forms board 15.
Example 3
A preparation process of an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column comprises the following steps:
preparing the disassembly-free composite template 15: 1) material metering: weighing cement, sand, a compacting agent and a water reducing agent according to the weight, wherein the compacting agent is used for reducing the corrosion of Ca (OH)2 generated in the hydration process to glass fibers to the maximum extent, a self-made powdery ZQ compacting agent is used for improving the durability of a template, the sand is medium sand with the fineness modulus of 2.5 and the bulk density of 1450Kg/m3, and the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, wherein the allowable deviation of the sand is less than plus or minus 3 percent, and the allowable deviation of the cement, the compacting agent and water is less than plus or minus 2 percent; 2) stirring and feeding: adding 1/2 water, adding sand and cement, stirring for 1min, adding 1/2 water, and stirring for 2min to obtain mortar, or adding sand and cement, stirring for 1min, adding water and compacting agent, and stirring for 2min to obtain mortar; 3) net distribution and vibration molding: the method comprises the following steps of fully and flatly spreading glass fiber gridding cloth in a template mould, taking factors such as thinner template thickness and alkali corrosion resistance into consideration, selecting alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth as a reinforcing material, vibrating and compacting the mortar after the mortar is filled into the mould until no honeycomb or pitted surface phenomenon exists on the surface of the mortar, not prolonging the vibration time, preventing layering and segregation, and controlling the time of the process from the outlet of a mixer to the working surface within 45 min; 4) and (5) maintenance: demolding the composite template at normal temperature, wherein the demolding strength is more than 1Mpa, and the water spraying curing or the covering film moistening curing is carried out in time before and after demolding to prevent drying shrinkage cracks due to dehydration, and the curing is carried out for 28 days to obtain a disassembly-free composite template 15; preparing the precast concrete column 13: fixing main reinforcements 18 and stirrups to form a rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework, buckling a manufactured disassembly-free composite template 15 outside the rectangular cage-shaped reinforcement framework to form a rectangular cylindrical framework, installing a template supporting member outside the disassembly-free composite template 15 to provide support for the disassembly-free composite template 15, pouring concrete into the rectangular cylindrical framework surrounded by the disassembly-free composite template 15, forming firm occlusion connection between the disassembly-free composite template 15 and structural concrete when the structural concrete reaches the formwork disassembly age, disassembling the template supporting member, and enabling the disassembly-free composite template 15 to become a permanent protective layer of the structural concrete to obtain a precast concrete column 13; the preparation of assembled exempt from to dismantle template precast concrete post: when a foundation pit is poured, a basic embedded part is embedded into reinforced concrete, the precast concrete column 13 and the anti-seismic support 14 are assembled firstly to obtain the assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column, and then the anti-seismic support 14 of the disassembly-free template precast concrete column is connected to the basic embedded part. The method is characterized in that the precast concrete column and the shock absorption support are assembled into a whole, and then the precast concrete column and the shock absorption support are integrally hoisted to a basic embedded part of a foundation pit, and the method is different from the prior method that the shock absorption support is connected to the basic embedded part in advance, and then the precast concrete column and the shock absorption support are hoisted on site, so that the situation that the shock absorption support is corroded by adverse factors such as rainwater before the precast concrete column is not hoisted is avoided.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. The prefabricated concrete column with the assembled disassembly-free template comprises a damping support (14), wherein the damping support (14) comprises an upper protective cover (2), a lower protective cover (9) and an A-shaped elastic sheet (8), the top of the upper protective cover (2) is provided with a column connecting hole (1), the top of the A-shaped elastic sheet (8) is provided with a ball groove, balls (5) are arranged between the upper protective cover (2) and the A-shaped elastic sheet (8), the upper protective cover (2) is provided with 3 rows of 18 bolt preformed holes (7) for fixing a ladder-shaped rubber pad (3) at the lower part and connecting a prefabricated concrete column (13) erected above the upper protective cover (2), the edge of the upper protective cover (2) is provided with a first spring hook preformed hole (6), the edge of the lower protective cover (9) is provided with a second spring hook preformed hole (11), and two wedge-shaped rubber pads (3) are fixed in a staggered manner, and leave the space between them, the space is all left between the smaller upper base surface of area and last protective cover (2) and lower protective cover (9), protective cover (9) bottom is equipped with spring spacing groove (10) down, protective cover (9) are opened and are had total 12 bolt preformed holes (7) of 3 rows and be used for fixed ladder type rubber pad (3) on upper portion down, its characterized in that, assembly type exempts from to dismantle template precast concrete post still includes precast concrete post (13), precast concrete post (13) are connected with shock mount (14) through bolt (16) and iron tie plate (19), precast concrete post (13) are including exempting from to dismantle composite form board (15), main muscle (18) and filling concrete part, equidistant ligature has the stirrup on main muscle (18), main muscle (18) and stirrup constitute rectangle cage form steel reinforcement frame, four exempt from to dismantle composite form board (15) lock outside the cage form steel reinforcement frame that main muscle (18) and stirrup constitute, enclose into rectangle tube-shape frame, be equipped with two rows of rectangle square lattice grooves (151) on exempting from to dismantle composite forms (15) the inboard face, rectangle square lattice groove (151) upper and lower position is equidistant horizontal muscle (152), controls the position and is equidistant vertical muscle (153), it has the filling concrete part to pour in the rectangle tube-shape frame that exempt from to dismantle composite forms (15) and enclose, the filling concrete part is equipped with bolt hole (17) that correspond with post connecting hole (1), bolt (16) through connection be in post connecting hole (1) and bolt hole (17).
2. The fabricated disassembly-free formwork precast concrete column as recited in claim 1, wherein two rows of dovetail grooves (154) are further provided on the disassembly-free composite formwork (15), and the dovetail grooves (154) penetrate through the transverse ribs (152) and are positioned on the centerline of the rectangular grid groove (151).
3. The fabricated disassembly-free form precast concrete column of claim 1, wherein the buckling position of two disassembly-free composite forms (15) is provided with a jogged sawtooth clamping strip (155).
4. The fabricated disassembly-free form precast concrete column of claim 1, wherein the A-shaped elastic sheet (8) is made of a memory alloy and a first high-strength spring (12), the shock mount (14) further comprises a second high-strength spring (4), one end of the second high-strength spring (4) is welded with the blocking portion on the lower protective cover (9), the other end is welded with the lower portion of the A-shaped elastic sheet (8), and the second high-strength spring (4) has a different elastic coefficient from the first high-strength spring (12).
5. The fabricated disassembly-free formwork precast concrete column as claimed in claim 1, wherein said trapezoidal rubber pad (3) is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid.
6. The preparation process of the prefabricated concrete column with the assembled disassembly-free template is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of disassembly-free composite template (15)
1) Material metering: weighing cement, sand, a compacting agent and a water reducing agent according to the weight; 2) stirring and feeding: adding 1/2 water, adding sand and cement, stirring for 1min, adding 1/2 water, and stirring for 2min to obtain mortar, or adding sand and cement, stirring for 1min, adding water and compacting agent, and stirring for 2min to obtain mortar; 3) net distribution and vibration molding: the glass fiber mesh cloth is fully and flatly spread in a template mould, the mortar is vibrated and densely formed after entering the mould, the surface of the mortar has no honeycomb or pitted surface, the vibration time is not too long, the delamination and the segregation are prevented, and the time of the process that the concrete is discharged from a mixer to an operation surface is controlled within 45 min; 4) and (5) maintenance: demolding the composite template at normal temperature, wherein the demolding strength is more than 1Mpa, and the composite template is cured by spraying water or covering a film for wet curing before and after demolding so as to prevent drying shrinkage cracks due to dehydration, and curing for 28 days to obtain a disassembly-free composite template (15);
step two: preparation of a column of precast concrete (13)
Fixing main reinforcements (18) and stirrups to form a rectangular cage-shaped steel reinforcement framework, buckling a manufactured disassembly-free composite template (15) outside the rectangular cage-shaped steel reinforcement framework to form a rectangular cylindrical framework, installing a template supporting member outside the disassembly-free composite template (15) to provide support for the disassembly-free composite template (15), pouring concrete into the rectangular cylindrical framework surrounded by the disassembly-free composite template (15), forming firm occlusion connection between the disassembly-free composite template (15) and structural concrete after the concrete is hardened, removing the template supporting member when the structural concrete reaches the formwork disassembly age, and enabling the disassembly-free composite template (15) to become a permanent protective layer of the structural concrete to obtain a precast concrete column (13);
step three: preparation of prefabricated concrete column with assembled disassembly-free template
When a foundation pit is poured, a basic embedded part is embedded into reinforced concrete, a precast concrete column (13) and an anti-seismic support (14) are assembled to obtain an assembled disassembly-free template precast concrete column, and the anti-seismic support (14) of the disassembly-free template precast concrete column is connected to the embedded part.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113502981A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-15 | 长江大学 | Steel pipe concrete structure with fireproof, anti-collision and shockproof functions and manufacturing process |
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| JPH05133085A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-05-28 | Isao Hayashi | Base isolation floor member |
| CN201024662Y (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-02-20 | 高树春 | Detaching-free plastering-free concrete templete |
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