CN111139402B - Economical low-temperature structural steel plate for polar region and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Economical low-temperature structural steel plate for polar region and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111139402B CN111139402B CN201911378010.8A CN201911378010A CN111139402B CN 111139402 B CN111139402 B CN 111139402B CN 201911378010 A CN201911378010 A CN 201911378010A CN 111139402 B CN111139402 B CN 111139402B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
Abstract
The invention relates to an economical polar region low-temperature environment steel plate with the thickness of 80mm and a production method thereof, wherein the steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.04-0.10%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 1.20-1.40%, Nb: 0.020-0.050%, V: 0.020-0.050%, Ti: 0.010-0.030%, Als: 0.015 to 0.050%, Ni: 0.10-0.40%, P less than 0.010%, S less than 0.003%, CEV less than or equal to 0.40%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The component design of the invention reasonably adjusts the relative content of each element and economically controls Ni alloy elements with beneficial low-temperature toughness, and combines the subsequent strengthening rolling and fine grain strengthening to make up the strength loss and improve the core performance of the large-thickness steel plate, and the obtained steel plate has high strength and toughness in the whole thickness section and meets the requirement of extremely harsh application environment on high-performance steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of low-temperature structural steel preparation, and particularly relates to an economical low-temperature structural steel plate for polar regions and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the north-south pole oceans have become an important point of interest for the earth system and global affairs. The south pole has abundant marine biological resources, is a potential huge 'granary' for human beings, and the north pole channel is opened and resources are developed and utilized, and the global trade and energy utilization pattern is also being changed. Only by developing the field scientific investigation of the system, the speaking right of the polar region can be obtained, and the polar region can really participate in the polar region treatment. In order to support north-south polar scientific research tasks, high-grade professional icebreakers, polar self-icebreaking scientific research ships, polar rescue ships, polar semi-submersible transport ships, polar resource exploration ships, polar special core corollary equipment, materials and the like need to be researched and developed, so that the development of major projects in the ocean field is supported. In general, special steel is used for manufacturing various ships that operate in the polar environment, and it is required to have sufficient overall properties such as low-temperature toughness, strength, weldability, and fatigue strength. However, apart from the fact that few countries around the north pole pay attention to and accumulate a small amount of practical application experience of polar cryogenic steel, most countries and related international organizations, particularly ship certification organizations mainly in the classification society, are generally lack of research and data of polar ship materials.
Patent application No. 201710086846.5 entitled "steel plate for polar vessels and method for manufacturing same" discloses a steel plate for polar vessels having the composition: 0.02-0.13% of C, 0.80-1.2% of Si, 0.30-1.00% of Mn, 0.40-1.00% of Cr, 0.05-0.40% of Ni, less than 0.010% of P, less than 0.005% of S, 0.01-0.10% of Ti, less than 0.60% of Mo, 0.10-0.80% of Cu, 0.01-0.06% of Al, 0.003-0.06% of Nb0.003-0.08% of V0-0.08%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. And strictly controlling the preparation process, adjusting the process conditions such as temperature and reduction rate in the preparation process, and after finish rolling, cooling with water at a cooling rate of 2-30 ℃/s to a final cooling temperature of 300-550 ℃, so as to prepare the steel plate with excellent toughness in the ultralow temperature environment. The components of the patent application are added with noble alloy elements such as Cr, Ni, Mo and Cu in a compounding way, the final performance is obtained by water cooling after rolling in the preparation process, and the method is essentially different from the process production mode of obtaining uniform performance by directly hot rolling the economic steel plate of the patent application.
The patent with the application number of 201610587965.4 and the patent name of 'a steel plate for polar region ship capable of being welded by large heat input and the preparation method thereof', the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.03 to 0.07%, Si: 0.15-0.30%, Mn: 1.10-1.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.0070%, S: less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, Ti: 0.008-0.020%, N: 0.0030-0.0060%, Cu: 0.10 to 0.30%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.40%, Nb: 0.010-0.040%, Al: 0.020-0.050% of Fe and inevitable impurity elements in balance, a controlled rolling and controlled cooling process with the compression ratio of the continuous casting blank to the thickness of a finished product being more than or equal to 4 is adopted, accelerated cooling is carried out at the speed of 3-8 ℃/s after rolling, and the final cooling temperature is 620-720 ℃. The composition design basis, the production process and the physical property are obviously different from the patent application.
In conclusion, if too much precious alloy elements are added to the extremely-low-temperature steel plate, the production cost is inevitably increased; the increase of one process link inevitably increases the control difficulty and the performance fluctuation of the steel plate, and needs special equipment for matching, faces the practical problems of high energy consumption and the like, so that the development of an economical process production method of the steel plate for the low-temperature environment is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an economical low-temperature structural steel plate for polar regions and a manufacturing method thereof, which ensure that the obtained steel has excellent and uniform low-temperature toughness at-60 ℃ or even lower temperature and can meet the requirement of a polar region harsh application environment on high-performance steel.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an economical low-temperature structural steel plate for polar regions comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.04-0.10%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 1.20-1.40%, Nb: 0.020-0.050%, V: 0.020-0.050%, Ti: 0.010-0.030%, Als: 0.015 to 0.050%, Ni: 0.10-0.40%, P less than 0.010%, S less than 0.003%, CEV less than or equal to 0.40%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the maximum thickness of the steel plate is 80mm, the yield strength of the steel plate is 340-.
A method for manufacturing an economical low-temperature structural steel plate for polar regions comprises the following steps:
a) off-line stacking of the continuous casting billets with qualified components, wherein the casting billets are slowly cooled for more than 72 hours, and the temperature of the continuous casting billets is controlled to be more than or equal to 600 ℃ during stacking;
b) heating the continuous casting blank, and then performing high-pressure water descaling, wherein the initial rolling temperature in the rough rolling stage is 1040-1060 ℃, the reduction rate of at least two continuous passes is not lower than 16% in the rough rolling stage, the rolling temperature in the last pass is controlled to be 1000 +/-10 ℃, the intermediate blank is immediately cooled after rolling, and the cooling temperature of the intermediate blank is controlled to be within the range of 750 plus or minus 800 ℃;
c) the initial rolling temperature of the finish rolling stage is 820-860 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature is 780-800 ℃;
d) stacking and slowly cooling the rolled steel plates for more than 48 hours; the temperature is controlled at 400-600 ℃ when the steel plates are stacked, and the finished steel plate with the maximum thickness of 80mm is manufactured.
Further, the thickness of the intermediate blank of the finished steel plate with the thickness of 50-80mm in the step b) is controlled according to 140-160mm, and the thickness of the intermediate blank of the finished steel plate with the thickness below 50mm is controlled according to 3 times of the thickness of the finished steel plate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the alloy has low cost and good low-temperature toughness: an economical multi-element microalloying component Nb-V-Ni-Ti system is adopted, the low-temperature toughness uniformity of the steel plate is improved as a main principle, precious alloy elements such as Cu, Cr and Mo are removed, crystal grains are refined through subsequent purification smelting and strengthening rolling processes, and loss caused by alloy reduction is made up. Thus, the addition amount of single elements is reduced, the aim of economy is achieved, and the influence of C, Mn and other elements on low-temperature toughness is reduced.
(2) Good plasticity and toughness, safety and reliability: harmful elements such as gas, impurities and the like are strictly controlled by utilizing a pure steel smelting comprehensive control technology in the smelting process; through the measures of formulation of a large reduction rule in a rough rolling stage, reasonable two-stage reduction distribution and the like, the deformation penetrates into the core of the steel plate, and the fine-grained steel is obtained on the whole thickness section, so that the low-temperature toughness of the core of the steel plate is improved, the crack propagation resistance is increased, and the safe use of the low-temperature steel under the polar service condition is ensured.
(3) The process has strong adaptability and wide thickness specification range: the rolling process with large deformation and optimization is adopted, the refined structure is obtained by combining the action of each microalloy element, the economical high-toughness thick steel plate is obtained by using a good structure refining technology, the process window of the product is wide, and the thickness specification of the product can reach 80 mm.
(4) The method breaks through the limitation of the large-thickness steel plate production on the compression ratio and the limitation of the conventional two-stage controlled rolling on the total deformation, ensures the temperature requirements of re-solid solution and precipitation of micro-alloy elements by innovating heating and rolling control technologies, and plays the roles of different rolling effects of a high-temperature region and a low-temperature region on grain refinement and phase change promotion, so that the large-thickness steel plate obtains high-uniformity longitudinal and transverse properties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a near-surface scanning electron microscopic structure of the steel sheet prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a quarter of the thickness of the steel sheet prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a thickness center scanning electron microscopic structure photograph of the steel plate prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
According to the chemical components: c: 0.09%, Si: 0.34%, Mn: 1.37%, Nb: 0.045%, V: 0.038%, Ti 0.018%, Als: 0.042%, Ni: 0.36%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.002%, CEV: 0.35 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The section size of a continuous casting billet prepared from molten steel with qualified components is 300 multiplied by 1820 mm; after the hot continuous casting billet is cut to a fixed length, the stack is lifted and slowly cooled for more than 3 days at the temperature of 750-700 ℃. Reheating the continuous casting blank, controlling the furnace time to be 4.5 hours, and controlling the tapping temperature to be 1175 ℃. Removing scale after the rolled piece is taken out of the furnace, rolling the rolled piece in a roughing mill at 1056 ℃, controlling the reduction rates of the last two passes in the stage according to 18.2 percent and 18.6 percent respectively, and finishing the final rolling at 1005 ℃ until the rolled piece thickness is 160 mm; spraying cooling water on the billet for multiple times to rapidly cool the billet to below 800 ℃; the billet is cooled to 820 ℃ and then is fed into a finishing mill to be rolled into a steel plate with the thickness of 80mm, the final rolling is finished at 790 ℃, the steel plate passes through a cooling bed quickly, and the steel plate is lifted, stacked and slowly cooled for more than 2 days at the temperature of 550-600 ℃. The yield strength of the prepared steel plate is 385MPa, the tensile strength is 495MPa, the average value of the transverse impact of the central position of the thickness of the steel plate at minus 60 ℃ reaches 338J, and the average value of the transverse impact of the central position of the thickness of the steel plate at minus 80 ℃ reaches 316J. The CTOD values of the steel plate at-10 ℃ are 2.33, 2.41 and 2.59mm respectively, and the CTOD values of the welded joint at-10 ℃ after SAW welding are 1.78, 1.56 and 2.54mm respectively by heat input of 50 KJ/cm.
Example 2
According to the chemical components: c: 0.05%, Si: 0.17%, Mn: 1.28%, Nb: 0.026%, V: 0.024%, Ti 0.022%, Als: 0.030%, Ni: 0.21%, P: 0.008%, S: 0.001%, CEV: 0.28 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The section size of a continuous casting billet prepared from molten steel with qualified components is 250 multiplied by 2320 mm; after the hot continuous casting billet is cut to a fixed length, the stack is lifted and slowly cooled for more than 3 days at the temperature of 650 plus 600 ℃. Reheating the continuous casting blank, controlling the furnace time to be 4 hours, and controlling the tapping temperature to be 1145 ℃. After the rolling is finished, removing scale, feeding the rolled piece into a roughing mill for rolling at 1047 ℃, controlling the reduction ratios of the last two passes in the stage according to 16.7% and 17.1% respectively, and finishing the final rolling at 995 ℃, wherein the thickness of the rolled piece is 130 mm; spraying cooling water on the steel billet for multiple times to rapidly cool the steel billet to 760 ℃; and (3) returning the temperature of the steel billet to 850 ℃, feeding the steel billet into a finishing mill to be rapidly rolled into a 40mm steel plate, and finishing the final rolling at 800 ℃. The steel plate quickly passes through the cooling bed, and is lifted and stacked for slow cooling for more than 2 days at the temperature of 450-500 ℃. The yield strength of the prepared steel plate is 410MPa, the tensile strength is 570MPa, the average value of the transverse impact of the central position of the thickness of the steel plate at minus 60 ℃ reaches 350J, and the average value of the transverse impact of the central position of the thickness of the steel plate at minus 80 ℃ reaches 330J. The CTOD values of the steel plate at-10 ℃ are respectively 2.42, 3.63 and 3.47mm, and the CTOD values of each part of the welded joint at-10 ℃ after SAW welding are 1.92, 2.84 and 2.30mm by heat input of 50 KJ/cm.
Claims (2)
1. The manufacturing method of the low-temperature structural steel plate for the economical polar region is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 0.04-0.10%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 1.20-1.40%, Nb: 0.020-0.050%, V: 0.020-0.050%, Ti: 0.010-0.030%, Als: 0.015 to 0.050%, Ni: 0.10-0.40%, P less than 0.010%, S less than 0.003%, CEV less than or equal to 0.40%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the maximum thickness of the steel plate is 80mm, the yield strength of the steel plate is 340-;
the method for manufacturing the low-temperature structural steel plate for the economical polar region comprises the following steps:
a) off-line stacking of the continuous casting billets with qualified components, wherein the casting billets are slowly cooled for more than 72 hours, and the temperature of the continuous casting billets is controlled to be more than or equal to 600 ℃ during stacking;
b) heating the continuous casting blank, and then performing high-pressure water descaling, wherein the initial rolling temperature in the rough rolling stage is 1040-1060 ℃, the reduction rate of at least two continuous passes is not lower than 16% in the rough rolling stage, the rolling temperature in the last pass is controlled to be 1000 +/-10 ℃, the intermediate blank is immediately cooled after rolling, and the cooling temperature of the intermediate blank is controlled to be within the range of 750 plus or minus 800 ℃;
c) the initial rolling temperature of the finish rolling stage is 820-860 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature is 780-800 ℃;
d) stacking and slowly cooling the rolled steel plates for more than 48 hours; the temperature is controlled at 400-600 ℃ when the steel plates are stacked, and the finished steel plate with the maximum thickness of 80mm is manufactured.
2. The method for manufacturing an economical polar low temperature structural steel sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the intermediate slab corresponding to the final 50-80mm finished steel sheet in the step b) is controlled at 140-160mm, and the thickness of the intermediate slab corresponding to the final 50mm or less finished steel sheet is controlled at 3 times of the finished thickness.
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