CN111138334A - Preparation method of vildagliptin - Google Patents

Preparation method of vildagliptin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111138334A
CN111138334A CN202010029575.1A CN202010029575A CN111138334A CN 111138334 A CN111138334 A CN 111138334A CN 202010029575 A CN202010029575 A CN 202010029575A CN 111138334 A CN111138334 A CN 111138334A
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chloracetyl
preparing
pyrrolidine
prolinamide
vildagliptin
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刘万里
程晓峰
于瑞林
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Tianjin Minxiang Biomedical Co ltd
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Tianjin Minxiang Biomedical Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/04Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/10Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/16Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of vildagliptin, which comprises the following steps: l-prolinamide is acylated by chloracetyl chloride to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamoyl pyrrolidine, is dehydrated to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-cyano pyrrolidine, and then undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction with 3-amino-1-adamantanol to obtain 1- [2- (3-hydroxyadamantan-1-ylamino) acetyl group]Pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile; the preparation formula is as follows:

Description

Preparation method of vildagliptin
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vildagliptin preparation, in particular to a vildagliptin preparation method.
Background
Vildagliptin (English name: Vildagliptin), which is chemically named as (-) - (2S) -1- [ [ (3-hydroxytricyclo [3.3.1.1[3,7] ] decan-1-yl) amino ] acetyl ] pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile, is a selective dipeptide-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor marketed by Novartis, 2008, and can rapidly inhibit DPP-4 activity after administration, so that the levels of endogenous glucagon GLP-1 (glucagon polypeptide-1) and GLP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) are increased after fasting eating, thereby increasing the sensitivity of B cells to glucose, promoting the secretion of glucose-dependent insulin, and increasing the level of endogenous GLP-1 by increasing Vildagliptin can also increase the sensitivity of A cells to glucose, the degree of engagement between glucose levels and the amount of glucagon secretion is increased. During hyperglycemia, vildagliptin increases the ratio of insulin to glucagon by increasing the level of incretin, resulting in a decrease in hepatic glucose production after fasting eating, thereby lowering blood glucose, and is suitable for treating type 2 diabetes. Metformin is used in combination with metformin when it is used as monotherapy until the maximum tolerated dose is still ineffective in controlling blood glucose.
Regarding the synthetic method of vildagliptin, the methods reported in the literature mainly include: in WO2011101861A1, potassium carbonate is used as an alkali, potassium iodide is used as a catalyst, and (S) -1- (2-chloroacetyl) pyrrole-2-carbonitrile and 3-amino-1-adamantanol react in a tetrahydrofuran solution at 60-65 ℃ for 5h to obtain a product after recrystallization from ethyl acetate and methanol, wherein the yield is about 60%. In the final butt-joint reaction in the step, the selectivity of mono-substituted products and di-substituted impurities on nitrogen atoms of adamantane is difficult to control, so that very harsh control conditions are required for realizing the selectivity, the crude product is difficult to purify, and the purification yield is less than 30%. Meanwhile, the synthetic route of the key intermediate (S) -1- (2-chloroacetyl) pyrrole-2-carbonitrile is long, and the yield is not high; the by-products are difficult to remove, and the purity index of the final product is not high; complicated operation procedures and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of vildagliptin, which has the advantages of simple and convenient steps, high yield, less byproduct amount and the like, and can also obviously reduce the production cost.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the specific scheme that:
a preparation method of vildagliptin comprises the following steps: the L-prolinamide is acylated by chloracetyl chloride to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamyl pyrrolidine, and the (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-cyano pyrrolidine is obtained by dehydrationThen the obtained product and 3-amino-1-adamantanol are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain 1- [2- (3-hydroxyadamantan-1-ylamino) acetyl]Pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile; the preparation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002363762600000021
when preparing (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamoylpyrrolidine, the feeding ratio of L-prolinamide to chloracetyl chloride is 1: 3, when preparing (S) -N-chloroacetyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine, the reaction time is 8h, and when preparing 3-amino-1-adamantanol, the dosage of 98 percent sulfuric acid and 68 percent nitric acid is 3: 1.
further, when the chloroacetyl chloride is used in a small amount, the reaction of L-prolinamide is incomplete and the L-prolinamide is difficult to separate from the product, and the excess chloroacetyl chloride can be removed by distillation under reduced pressure.
Further, in the preparation of 1- [2- (3-hydroxyadamantan-1-ylamino) acetyl ] pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile, THF was used as a solvent, the reaction temperature was 60 ℃ and the reaction time was 6h, methyl tert-butyl ether was used as a precipitant in the post-treatment, and a solid was precipitated within 10 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the synthesis method has the advantages of simple steps, high yield, less byproduct amount and the like, can obviously reduce the production cost, and can avoid the generation of disubstituted impurities on the nitrogen atom of the adamantane under the condition of not using a protecting group on the amino group.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to only the following examples. Variations, combinations, or substitutions of the invention, which are within the scope of the invention or the spirit, scope of the invention, will be apparent to those of skill in the art and are within the scope of the invention.
A preparation method of vildagliptin comprises the following steps: l-prolinamide is acylated by chloracetyl chloride to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamoyl pyrrolidine, is dehydrated to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-cyano pyrrolidine, and then undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction with 3-amino-1-adamantanol to obtain 1- [2- (3-hydroxy adamantane)-1-ylamino) acetyl]Pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile; the preparation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002363762600000022
when preparing (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamoylpyrrolidine, the feeding ratio of L-prolinamide to chloracetyl chloride is 1: 3, when preparing (S) -N-chloroacetyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine, the reaction time is 8h, and when preparing 3-amino-1-adamantanol, the dosage of 98 percent sulfuric acid and 68 percent nitric acid is 3: 1.
further, when the chloroacetyl chloride is used in a small amount, the reaction of L-prolinamide is incomplete and the L-prolinamide is difficult to separate from the product, and the excess chloroacetyl chloride can be removed by distillation under reduced pressure.
Further, in the preparation of 1- [2- (3-hydroxyadamantan-1-ylamino) acetyl ] pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile, THF was used as a solvent, the reaction temperature was 60 ℃ and the reaction time was 6h, methyl tert-butyl ether was used as a precipitant in the post-treatment, and a solid was precipitated within 10 min.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A preparation method of vildagliptin is characterized by comprising the following steps: l-prolinamide is acylated by chloracetyl chloride to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamoyl pyrrolidine, is dehydrated to obtain (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-cyano pyrrolidine, and then undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction with 3-amino-1-adamantanol to obtain 1- [2- (3-hydroxyadamantan-1-ylamino) acetyl group]Pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile; the preparation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002363762590000011
when preparing (S) -N-chloracetyl-2-carbamoylpyrrolidine, the feeding ratio of L-prolinamide to chloracetyl chloride is 1: 3, when preparing (S) -N-chloroacetyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine, the reaction time is 8h, and when preparing 3-amino-1-adamantanol, the dosage of 98 percent sulfuric acid and 68 percent nitric acid is 3: 1.
2. the method for preparing vildagliptin according to claim 1, wherein the chloroacetyl chloride is used in a small amount, the reaction of L-prolinamide is incomplete and the product is difficult to separate, and the excess chloroacetyl chloride can be removed by distillation under reduced pressure.
3. The method for preparing vildagliptin according to claim 1, wherein when 1- [2- (3-hydroxyadamantan-1-ylamino) acetyl ] pyrrolidine-2 (S) -carbonitrile is prepared, THF is used as a solvent, the reaction temperature is 60 ℃, the reaction time is 6h, methyl tert-butyl ether is used as a precipitant for post-treatment, and a solid is precipitated within 10 min.
CN202010029575.1A 2020-01-13 2020-01-13 Preparation method of vildagliptin Pending CN111138334A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112939837A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 海南通用三洋药业有限公司 Method for preparing vildagliptin through multiphase compound continuous production

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101918423A (en) * 2007-11-30 2010-12-15 诺瓦提斯公司 Organic compounds
WO2011101861A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-25 Msn Laboratories Limited Process for preparation of dpp-iv inhibitors
CN103641761A (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-03-19 沈阳化工大学 Vildagliptin preparation method
CN104326961A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-02-04 海南中和药业有限公司 Synthetic process of vildagliptin
CN104945299A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-09-30 烟台万润药业有限公司 Efficient synthesis method of vildagliptin
CN105085360A (en) * 2015-09-10 2015-11-25 南京理工大学 Preparation method of high-purity vildagliptin
CN105153004A (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-12-16 北京凯瑞科德药物技术研究有限公司 Improved industrialization technology for preparing Vildagliptin
CN106966947A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-07-21 河北医科大学 A kind of preparation method of vildagliptin
CN107501154A (en) * 2017-09-13 2017-12-22 浙江普洛康裕制药有限公司 (S) synthetic method of the formonitrile HCN of 1 (2 chloracetyl) pyrrolidines 2
CN110642769A (en) * 2019-11-01 2020-01-03 烟台万润药业有限公司 Preparation method of vildagliptin

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101918423A (en) * 2007-11-30 2010-12-15 诺瓦提斯公司 Organic compounds
WO2011101861A1 (en) * 2010-01-29 2011-08-25 Msn Laboratories Limited Process for preparation of dpp-iv inhibitors
CN103641761A (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-03-19 沈阳化工大学 Vildagliptin preparation method
CN104326961A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-02-04 海南中和药业有限公司 Synthetic process of vildagliptin
CN105153004A (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-12-16 北京凯瑞科德药物技术研究有限公司 Improved industrialization technology for preparing Vildagliptin
CN104945299A (en) * 2015-05-28 2015-09-30 烟台万润药业有限公司 Efficient synthesis method of vildagliptin
CN105085360A (en) * 2015-09-10 2015-11-25 南京理工大学 Preparation method of high-purity vildagliptin
CN106966947A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-07-21 河北医科大学 A kind of preparation method of vildagliptin
CN107501154A (en) * 2017-09-13 2017-12-22 浙江普洛康裕制药有限公司 (S) synthetic method of the formonitrile HCN of 1 (2 chloracetyl) pyrrolidines 2
CN110642769A (en) * 2019-11-01 2020-01-03 烟台万润药业有限公司 Preparation method of vildagliptin

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112939837A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-11 海南通用三洋药业有限公司 Method for preparing vildagliptin through multiphase compound continuous production

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