CN111134600A - 一种内窥显微镜硬镜 - Google Patents

一种内窥显微镜硬镜 Download PDF

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CN111134600A
CN111134600A CN201811329864.2A CN201811329864A CN111134600A CN 111134600 A CN111134600 A CN 111134600A CN 201811329864 A CN201811329864 A CN 201811329864A CN 111134600 A CN111134600 A CN 111134600A
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lens
endoscope
vivo
microscope
sleeve
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蒋礼阳
鲁翠侠
刘木林
李倍
杨翔宇
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Meixiai Precision Instrument Zhenjiang Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/05Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00165Optical arrangements with light-conductive means, e.g. fibre optics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/002Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor having rod-lens arrangements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/055Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances having rod-lens arrangements

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Abstract

本发明涉及到一种内窥显微镜硬镜。其包括高数值孔径的微型物镜、透镜A组件、胶合镜组件A、分光组、截止片、保护圈、承接头、隔圈、外套、棒镜、棒镜套、手动调节旋钮、荧光滤光片组、LED照明组光源、相机及调整结构、保护管、螺纹座等部件。这个内窥镜显微镜硬镜结构尺寸小,适用于活体腔道检查,观测精度达到0.4微米,亚微米分辨率,可以看到亚细胞层面的形态变化,可以有效观察组织的异形性;优势在于腔道检查的实时成像,传输过程中不会有光信号损失,可以结合长时程观察套筒,在体直接判别癌发生的位置和阶段变化。

Description

一种内窥显微镜硬镜
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种内窥显微镜硬镜。广泛地应用于医学及神经科学研究领域,具体地涉及一种内窥显微镜硬镜,区别于光纤传递信号的内窥显微镜软镜,可以清楚地区别癌变组织和正常组织的边界,由于结构尺寸小于4mm,可以很好地协助外科进行微创精准手术,可以最大范围地保留健康的组织,利于术后恢复;可以广泛用于活体腔道检查,有效提高癌症诊断率与治愈率。
背景技术
内窥镜检查是早期发现癌症的重要诊疗方法,但是由于传统内窥镜成像倍率的限制,往往还要通过活体穿刺最终确诊。传统病理从活检到诊断结论出来时间比较长,需要经历活检、冷冻标本然后切片,处理及固定到载玻片上制片,HE染片,病理医生在显微镜看片诊断的过程,历时比较长;并且诊断过程中由于病理医生工作疲劳有可能漏诊,活检取样如果不能准确取到病灶位置的组织,病理切片的局限性等,制片及染片质量等都会影响诊断结论。
目前切除肿瘤的常规医疗手段是肉眼可见范围的肿瘤向外部延伸几公分全部切除,如果涉及功能器官,例如声带、听觉系统,泌尿系统等,在传统手术操作下很可能导致功能丧失。通常在手术切除后进行体外病理切片确诊又时常发现切除下来的肿瘤周边组织大部分是非癌的健康组织。术中精准检测与器官功能区域救援,能够在术中提供外科医师一个实时成像的工具,看到细胞层级的变化,就能判断肿瘤与非肿瘤的边界作为手术辅助的依据,能协助临床医师了解患处的局部组织状态,在切除时作为参考,保留更多的功能区域。
本发明是一种亚微米级内窥显微镜硬镜,观测精度达到0.4微米,不需要穿刺取样,就可以实现癌细胞的活体精准检测。突破传统内窥镜,不需要经过传统的病理模式,检查时可以在体检查及诊断,同时清晰看到肿瘤的组织形态,准确判断肿瘤边界及组织形态,有效辅助手术医生精准判断及切除肿瘤组织,避免了对患者的多次创伤或多切造成的伤害,有利于病人的身体康复。
发明内容
如图1所示,一种内窥显微镜硬镜。其包括物镜、光纤、光纤适配器、手动Z轴调节旋钮、荧光滤光片组、LED光源、摄像机及调整结构、CMOS相机、PC控制端及控制盒等部件。直径小于4毫米的内窥镜镜头内,含有多组手工制作的棒镜镜片,传统内窥镜的放大倍率大约在5倍左右,而这个亚微米级的内窥镜显微镜头,则可以将细胞放大100倍以上。亚微米分辨率,可以看到细胞胞器层面的变化,就是亚细胞的形态的直接变化,可以有效观察组织的异形性,优势在于腔道检查的实时成像,传输过程中不会有光信号损失,可以结合长时程观察套筒,可以在体直接判别癌发生的位置和阶段变化。国际和国内的重点实验室用于活体深度脑神经活动观测,活体观察动物大脑皮层,大脑深层海马区成像,细胞表面凸起的功能区域树突棘(小于1微米)清晰可见;活体观察动物内脏及腔道癌变组织形态变化。
附图说明
附图1为本发明结构件剖视图;
附图2为本发明观察到的小鼠大脑皮层神经树突和树突棘;
附图3为本发明观察到的小鼠大脑海马区神经元;
附图4为本发明观察到的小鼠肝脏细胞、组织形态图;
附图5为本发明观察到的小鼠声带细胞图。
附图1中:1.后盖;2.相机;3.镜体;4.照明组;5.螺纹座;6.调节旋钮;7.棒镜;8.棒镜套;9.外套;10.隔圈;11.承接头;12.保护圈;13.盖玻片;14.截止片;15.分光组;16.胶合镜组A;17.透镜A组件;18.保护管;19.微型物镜;20.隔圈二。
具体实施方式
本发明对于神经学研究的推动会非常大,对于医学发展也将产生巨大的推动作用。这个直径小于4毫米的内窥镜镜头内,含有多组手工制作的镜片。亚微米分辨率,可以看到细胞层面的变化,就是细胞的形态的直接变化,可以有效观察组织的异形性,优势在于实时成像,可以在体直接判别癌发生的位置和阶段变化。除了用于癌症诊断,这个亚微米级的内窥镜还可以帮助医生实现癌症外科手术的精准切除,在癌症手术中,医生最头疼的就是确定癌细胞和正常细胞的边界,如果癌变组织切除不完整,剩下的癌细胞还会继续生长,而切除过度,则会对人体造成巨大伤害,不利于术后恢复。此发明内窥显微镜硬镜,可以清楚地区别癌变组织和正常组织的边界,做到精准手术,可以最大范围地保留健康的组织,利于术后恢复。用于术后回诊,肿瘤病人术后需要每年或每半年定期进行回诊,诊断是否有肿瘤复发或转移,如果涉及活检只能抽检体内组织在体外使用显微镜确诊,抽检有许多随机性而“漏检”。内窥显微镜硬镜可以在体内进行“普检”扫描整个目标组织器官,大幅增加检查时诊断的精确性。本发明内窥显微镜外形很小,可以配合腔道检查,可以广泛用于微创手术,进行在体观察和手术成像使用。
神经科学研究实验,大脑深层海马区成像,细胞表面凸起的树突棘(小于1微米)清晰可见。树突棘负责神经信号传递,是学习记忆情感等大脑活动发生的区域;声带细胞、肾脏细胞及肝脏细胞等通过本发明观察,清晰可见;组织因为本发明内窥显微镜分辨率极高,并且可以实时成像,已经广泛地被欧洲和国内的重点实验室采购使用,用于活体深度脑神经活动观测,活体观察动物大脑深层。

Claims (5)

1.一种内窥显微镜硬镜,其特征在于包括后盖、相机、镜体、照明组、螺纹座、调节旋钮、棒镜、棒镜套、外套、隔圈、承接头、保护圈、盖玻片、截止片、分光组、胶合镜组A、透镜A组件、保护管、微型物镜、隔圈二等部件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种内窥显微镜硬镜,其特征在于直径小于4毫米的内窥镜镜头内,含有多组手工制作的棒镜,通过棒镜传递图像不会有光损失,成像效果清晰逼真。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种内窥显微镜硬镜,其特征在于亚微米级内窥显微镜硬镜,观测精度达到0.4微米,不需要穿刺取样,就可以实现癌细胞的活体精准检测。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种内窥显微镜硬镜,其特征在于亚微米分辨率,可以看到细胞层面的变化,就是细胞形态的直接变化,可以有效观察组织的异形性。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种内窥显微镜硬镜,其特征在于实时成像,结合体内代谢试剂的使用,可以在体直接判别癌发生的边界位置和阶段变化。
CN201811329864.2A 2018-11-02 2018-11-02 一种内窥显微镜硬镜 Pending CN111134600A (zh)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105473051A (zh) * 2013-03-14 2016-04-06 卢米切拉有限公司 医学成像设备及使用方法
CN107713997A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-23 复旦大学附属中山医院 一种流动血液成像装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105473051A (zh) * 2013-03-14 2016-04-06 卢米切拉有限公司 医学成像设备及使用方法
CN107713997A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-23 复旦大学附属中山医院 一种流动血液成像装置

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