CN111133538A - High-voltage arrangement with ceramic spacer elements and use thereof - Google Patents

High-voltage arrangement with ceramic spacer elements and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111133538A
CN111133538A CN201880062158.8A CN201880062158A CN111133538A CN 111133538 A CN111133538 A CN 111133538A CN 201880062158 A CN201880062158 A CN 201880062158A CN 111133538 A CN111133538 A CN 111133538A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
housing
component
ceramic
electrically insulated
arrangement
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Granted
Application number
CN201880062158.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111133538B (en
Inventor
R.戈普费特
S.米勒
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Huishipu High Voltage Electrical Co ltd
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Siemens AG
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Publication of CN111133538A publication Critical patent/CN111133538A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02Casings
    • H01F27/04Leading of conductors or axles through casings, e.g. for tap-changing arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08Cooling; Ventilating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/22Cooling by heat conduction through solid or powdered fillings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/29Terminals; Tapping arrangements for signal inductances
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20Instruments transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28Current transformers
    • H01F38/30Constructions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Installation Of Bus-Bars (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage arrangement (1) having a housing (2) and at least one component (3) which is electrically insulated from the housing (2). The at least one component (3) is arranged at a distance from the housing (2) and is mechanically connected to the housing (2). At least one ceramic spacer element (6) is arranged between the housing (2) and the at least one component (3). The application of the high-voltage device (1) according to the invention comprises: heat generated at the connecting elements of at least one component (3) electrically insulated from the housing (2) is conducted from the component (3) to the housing (2) via at least one ceramic spacing element (6) and dissipated from the housing (2) into the surroundings.

Description

High-voltage arrangement with ceramic spacer elements and use thereof
The invention relates to a high-voltage arrangement having a housing and at least one component electrically insulated from the housing. The at least one component is arranged at a distance from the housing and is mechanically connected to the housing. The invention also comprises the use of the high-voltage arrangement described previously.
For example, a high-voltage arrangement, in particular a measuring transformer or instrument transformer for voltages of up to 1200kV and/or several kiloamperes, is known from US 3,525,908. For example, a housing arranged on the insulating element spatially encloses a device for measuring high voltages and/or currents, for example a coil. In the housing, the coil is arranged around a conductor, to which a high voltage and/or a high current to be measured flows, wherein the housing is filled with an electrically insulating medium, for example oil, SF6And/or clean air. The conductor is in electrical contact with the insulator and/or a connection on the housing, which is electrically insulated from the housing. The connection terminals are designed for connecting lines from the power grid, the consumers and/or the generator. In use, high currents in the range of a few thousand amperes flow from one connection end to the other via the conductor. In this case, high currents at the connection lead to intense heating.
The housing is electrically insulated from the connection terminals and/or the connectable or connected electrical lines. The connection end is designed, for example, as an insulating component on the housing, in particular in the form of a metal plate. The surface of the metal plate can be cooled with ambient air and dissipate heat to the surroundings or ambient environment. In order to reduce the heating of the connection end, a copper construction, in particular with a nickel coating, can be used. This results in high cost and the limited outer surface of the connection end results in limited heat dissipation to the environment. For high primary currents, the heating may exceed the permissible limit value for the temperature and sufficient heat dissipation via the connection may not be possible.
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a high-voltage arrangement and its use which avoid the problems described above. In particular, the object is to provide a high-voltage arrangement whose connection end can be designed in the form of at least one electrically insulating component in a cost-effective, simple, mechanically stable and compact manner, while at the same time being able to dissipate as much heat as possible from the insulating component.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a high-voltage arrangement having the features according to claim 1 and/or by the use of a high-voltage arrangement according to claim 12. Advantageous embodiments of the high-voltage arrangement according to the invention and its use are specified in the dependent claims. The contents of the main claims can be combined with one another and with the features of the dependent claims, and the features of the dependent claims can be combined with one another.
The high voltage device according to the invention comprises a housing and at least one component electrically insulated from the housing. At least one component is arranged spaced apart from the housing and is connected to the housing in a particularly mechanically stable manner. At least one ceramic spacing element is arranged between the housing and the at least one component.
The spacing arrangement of the at least one component on the housing by means of the at least one ceramic spacing element between the housing and the at least one component makes it possible to achieve good electrical insulation of the at least one component from the housing, while at the same time having good heat conduction or thermal conductivity through the at least one ceramic spacing element. For example, in the case of high currents, the heat generated at the connection end of the high-voltage arrangement in the form of at least one component can be conducted well to the housing via the at least one ceramic spacing element. The housing serves as a cooling surface with a large surface area, which makes it possible to achieve a good dissipation of heat into the surroundings. The electrically insulating component makes it possible to electrically contact elements or components of the high-voltage arrangement, in particular within the housing, wherein the electrically insulating component forms a low-cost, simple, mechanically stable and compact connection end or connection element.
The ceramic spacer element can be a ceramic disk and/or a ceramic sleeve and/or a ceramic plate which is clamped in particular, a hollow cylindrical configuration with a circular base surface and/or with an opening running through along a central axis. The at least one component can be fastened to the housing by means of fasteners, in particular by means of screws and/or fasteners electrically insulated from the component. The use of a ceramic disk and/or a ceramic sleeve and/or a ceramic plate, which has a through, in particular circular and/or rectangular opening in the center, makes it possible to fasten at least one component to the housing in a good, i.e. mechanically stable and electrically insulating manner by means of screws, which can each pass through a through, in particular circular, opening of the ceramic disk and/or of the ceramic sleeve. The ceramic disc and/or the ceramic sleeve maintains a fixed, mechanically stable spacing between the at least one component and the housing and allows the at least one component to be electrically insulated from the housing while allowing good heat exchange between the at least one component and the housing. The advantages described previously are associated therewith.
The ceramic spacing element may have a high electrical resistance and a high thermal conductivity. Thereby a good electrical insulation of the at least one component from the housing is ensured, while at the same time a good heat exchange between the at least one component and the housing is ensured.
At least one electrical contact element, in particular at least one screw, may be included in order to electrically contact the at least one component with at least one element of the high-voltage arrangement within the housing. The high voltage device may be designed according to the type of instrument transformer. The electrical components, such as conductors, coils and/or capacitors, in the instrument transformer, i.e. in the housing, can be electrically contacted by at least one electrical contact element, in particular by at least one screw, with the external connection end or at least one component, and in particular with the component-connecting electrical lines and/or bus bars.
The at least one component electrically insulated from the housing may comprise at least one connecting element for connecting an electrical and/or bus line, in particular for electrically connecting to a power supply line, a consumer and/or a generator. Thereby, the high voltage device can be electrically connected so as to satisfy a predetermined function in conformity with the type of the device.
The at least one component electrically insulated from the housing can comprise at least one plate-shaped element, in particular at least one cuboid plate, and/or an L-shaped element consisting of a plate-shaped element. Both the connection element and the contact element can be arranged well at, in and/or on the plate-shaped element and a good electrical contact between the elements can be produced simply and at low cost by means of the plate-shaped element.
The at least one component electrically insulated from the housing can consist of and/or comprise a metal, in particular copper and/or steel and/or an alloy. This provides good electrical and thermal conductivity through the component electrically insulated from the housing, which has the advantages described above.
The housing, in particular the cylindrical housing, can be made of and/or comprise metal, in particular cast iron. This provides good thermal conductivity through the housing, and the heat generated in the electrically insulated component from the housing, for example at the electrical connection and/or connection surface with the connection and/or contact elements, and in the component itself, can be dissipated well into the surroundings through the housing, in particular over a large area of the housing, in the state in which the current flows.
The at least one ceramic spacer element may be made of and/or comprise an alumina ceramic, a silicon carbide ceramic, a boron nitride ceramic or an aluminum nitride ceramic. Such ceramic spacer elements have a high thermal conductivity, in particular a thermal conductivity of more than 30 or more than 100W/(mXK), and a low electrical conductivity or a high electrical resistivity, in particular more than 10 at 20 ℃12Ohm-meter or greater than 1010Ohm-meter. This provides good electrical insulation between the housing and the component electrically insulated from the housing, and has good thermal conductivity or allows excess heat to be dissipated via the ceramic spacing element.
The application according to the invention to the high-voltage arrangement described above comprises: the heat generated at the connecting elements of at least one component electrically insulated from the housing, in particular for connecting electrical and/or bus lines, is conducted from the component to the housing via at least one ceramic spacing element and dissipated from the housing into the surroundings.
The electrical contact of the at least one component, which is electrically insulated from the housing, with the element in the housing, in particular the transformer component, can be realized by at least one electrical contact element, in particular by at least one screw, which in particular has a current carrying capacity in the range of several thousands of amperes.
The advantages of the application of the high-voltage arrangement according to the invention to the high-voltage arrangement according to claim 12 are similar to the advantages of the high-voltage arrangement according to the invention according to claim 1 described above and vice versa.
In the following, embodiments of the invention are schematically illustrated in the sole drawing and are described in more detail below. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows schematically in an oblique view a part of a housing 2 of a high-voltage device 1 according to the invention with a component 3 electrically insulated from the housing 2 and spaced apart from the housing 2 by ceramic spacing elements.
The only figure shows a part of the housing 2 of the high-voltage arrangement 1 according to the invention in an oblique view, with the component 3 spaced apart from the housing 2. The component 3 serves as a connection or connecting element of the high-voltage arrangement 1, to which, for example, electrical lines, bus bars and/or devices such as, for example, electrical consumers and/or generators are connected. For example, they may be screwed, soldered, welded and/or clamped onto the component 3. The member 3 has the shape of a plate, in particular an angularly bent plate. The two parts of the plate enclose an angle of 90 degrees, wherein each part is of cuboid-like configuration. The angled section of the plate is remote from the housing 2, in particular perpendicularly, from the adjacent housing surface, wherein another section of the plate is arranged parallel to the adjacent housing surface.
The component 3 spaced apart from the housing 2 is made of steel, copper and/or coated with nickel, for example. For cost reasons, it is also possible to use less expensive materials, such as aluminum and/or cast iron. The housing 2 is made of metal, such as steel, cast iron, copper and/or aluminum. The housing 2 and the member 3 are designed to conduct electricity and heat well, respectively. Due to the small surface area of the component 3, little heat is dissipated directly from the component 3 into the surroundings, for example into the surrounding air. Due to the large surface area of the housing 2, the housing 2 can dissipate a large amount of thermal energy into the environment or into the outside environment, so that the housing 2 can be used as a cooling surface.
The high-voltage arrangement 1 according to the invention is, for example, an instrument transformer, in particular a current transformer for measuring the current in a high-voltage line. The housing 2 is arranged on an insulating element, for example a ribbed, cylindrical ceramic and/or silicone insulating element, which serves as a support and is not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity. The housing 2 is, for example, spherical or basin-shaped, with a substantially circular or quadrangular bottom. On the opposite sides, components 3 are arranged in each case spaced apart from the housing 2, which have, for example, connected overhead lines. The high voltage arrangement 1 according to the invention is for example electrically connected between high voltage lines in order to measure the current through the high voltage lines. In this case, voltages of up to 1200kV can be applied to the high-voltage arrangement 1 according to the invention, or currents of several thousand amperes can flow through the high-voltage arrangement 1 according to the invention.
In order to measure particularly large currents, coils are arranged around the conductors in the housing 2, by means of which the current in the line can be measured, in particular inductively. Conductors (not shown in the figures for simplicity) in the housing 2 are electrically connected to the member 3 by electrical contact elements 7. Screws and/or bolts and/or in particular welded connections, which are electrically insulated from the housing 2, for example made of copper and/or steel, are guided through the housing 2 from the inside to the outside, electrically insulated from the housing 2, and electrically connect the conductors to the component 3. In the figure, six screws are arranged as electrical contact elements 7, for example in a plate-shaped part of the housing 3 arranged parallel to the housing 2, i.e. six screws are screwed and/or guided through the plate and are guided through the housing 2 electrically insulated from the housing, from the outside to the inside and are electrically connected with the conductors in the housing 2.
The component 3, which is electrically insulated from the housing 2, is mechanically stably connected to the housing 2 by means of the fastening element 5, i.e. for example screwed to the housing 2. In the embodiment of the figure, the housing 2 is provided with a socket 4, for example with an internal thread, into which socket 4 a screw 5 is screwed for fixing the component 3. Four screws 5, two on the left side of the member 3 and two on the right side of the member 3, are used to mechanically fix the member 3 to the housing 2. In order to prevent electrical contact between the screw 5 and the component 3, i.e. to electrically insulate the component 3 from the housing 2, an insulator 8, in particular in the form of a plastic washer 8, is arranged between the screw head of the component 3 and the component 3.
For electrical insulation, a ceramic spacing element 6 is arranged between the housing 2 and the component 3. The spacer element 6 can also be constructed in the form of a circular washer or in the form of a hollow cylindrical sleeve. A through, in particular circular opening along the center axis of the spacer element 6, makes it possible for the screw 5 to pass through the spacer element 6, i.e. the screw 5 passes through the spacer element 6, and the spacer element 6 spatially surrounds the region of the screw 5. The thickness or height of the spacer element 6 and the socket 4 together determine the spacing of the component 3 from the housing 2. On the side of the component 3 facing the housing 2, a spacer element 6 electrically insulates the component 3 from the housing 2. On the side of the component 3 facing away from the housing 2, an insulating element 8, in particular in the form of a plastic washer, electrically insulates the component 3 from the housing 2 or the screw 5 from the component 3.
In order to electrically insulate the screw 5 from the component 3 in the region running through the component 3, the screw 5 can be provided with an insulating coating, for example with Teflon (Teflon), and/or the through-hole has a much larger diameter than the screw hole, and the screw 5 is guided centrally through the through-hole, and/or the through-hole is provided with an insulating coating, for example painted, and/or the ceramic spacer element 6 has at least two diameters, one being larger than the diameter of the through-hole and one being smaller than the diameter of the through-hole, wherein the spacer element 6 projects into or through the through-hole with a smaller diameter or in the region of narrowing. A good electrical insulation between the component 3 and the housing 2 can thereby be achieved by means of the ceramic spacing element 6.
Good heat conduction is achieved by the contact surfaces, in particular the contact surfaces of the component 3 on the spacer element 6, and by the contact surfaces, in particular the contact surfaces of the spacer element 6 on the housing 2 or on the socket 4 of the housing 2. Heat generated at or in the component 3, for example by high currents in the range of several kiloamperes and the contact and/or line resistances of the component 3, is conducted to the housing 2 via the ceramic spacing elements 6 which conduct heat well. The heat is dissipated well to the surroundings via the large outer surface of the housing 2. In this way, the nominal value of the maximum temperature of the connection 3 of the high-voltage arrangement 1 can be met with very high current intensities.
The previously described embodiments may be combined with each other and/or with prior art. Thereby, exactly one ceramic spacing element 6 or a plurality of ceramic spacing elements 6 may be provided. The ceramic spacing elements 6 are made, for example, of an aluminum oxide ceramic, a silicon carbide ceramic, a boron nitride ceramic or an aluminum nitride ceramic. Other ceramics, especially ceramics with high electrical resistivity and high thermal conductivity, may also be used. The insulating element 8 can be formed by a plastic spacer or also by an electrically insulating ceramic and functions similarly to the ceramic spacer element 6. The socket 4 may be provided or the fastener 5, in particular a screw, may be inserted or screwed directly into the housing wall. The member 3 may be angled or, for example, be plate-shaped without angles, in particular with a rectangular, circular or oval bottom surface. The high-voltage arrangement 1 can be, for example, a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a combined transformer, a measuring transformer for a gas-insulated switchgear, an optical transformer and/or a high-voltage switch.
List of reference numerals
1 high-voltage device, in particular a measuring transformer
2 casing
3 electrically insulating component
4 socket
5 fastener, in particular screw
6 ceramic spacer element, in particular ceramic disk
7 electrical contact element, in particular screw, into a housing
8 insulating element, in particular plastic spacer

Claims (13)

1. A high-voltage arrangement (1) having a housing (2) and at least one component (3) which is electrically insulated from the housing (2), wherein the at least one component (3) is arranged at a distance from the housing (2) and is mechanically connected to the housing (2),
characterized in that at least one ceramic spacing element (6) is arranged between the housing (2) and the at least one component (3).
2. The high-pressure arrangement (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic spacing element (6) is a ceramic disk and/or a ceramic sleeve, which is in particular hollow-cylindrically configured with a circular base surface and/or with an opening running through along a central axis.
3. The high voltage device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ceramic spacing element (6) has a high electrical resistance and a high thermal conductivity.
4. High voltage device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one component (3) is fixed on the housing (2) by means of a fastener (5), in particular by means of a screw and/or a fastener electrically insulated from the component (3).
5. The high voltage device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one electrical contact element (7), in particular at least one screw, for electrically contacting the at least one component (3) with at least one element of the high voltage device (1) within the housing (2).
6. High voltage arrangement (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high voltage arrangement (1) is designed according to the type of instrument transformer.
7. High-voltage arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one component (3) electrically insulated from the housing (2) comprises at least one connection element for connecting an electrical line and/or a busbar, in particular for electrically connecting to a supply line, a consumer and/or a generator.
8. The high voltage device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one member (3) electrically insulated from the housing (2) comprises at least one plate-shaped element, in particular at least one cuboid-shaped plate and/or an L-shaped element consisting of a plate-shaped element.
9. High voltage device (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one component (3) electrically insulated from the housing (2) consists of and/or comprises metal, in particular copper and/or steel and/or an alloy.
10. High-pressure arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2), in particular a cylindrical housing, consists of and/or comprises metal, in particular cast iron.
11. High-pressure arrangement (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one ceramic spacing element (6) is made of and/or comprises an alumina ceramic, a silicon carbide ceramic, a boron nitride ceramic or an aluminum nitride ceramic.
12. Use of a high-voltage arrangement (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that heat generated at a connecting element of at least one component (3) electrically insulated from the housing (2), in particular for connecting electrical and/or bus lines, is conducted from the component (3) to the housing (2) via at least one ceramic spacer element (6) and dissipated from the housing (2) into the surroundings.
13. Use according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrical contact between at least one component (3) electrically insulated with respect to the housing (2) and an element in the housing (2), in particular a transformer component, is achieved by means of at least one electrical contact element (7), in particular by means of at least one screw, which in particular has a current carrying capacity in the range of several kiloamperes.
CN201880062158.8A 2017-09-27 2018-09-13 High-voltage device with ceramic spacing element and use thereof Active CN111133538B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017217150.2A DE102017217150A1 (en) 2017-09-27 2017-09-27 High voltage device with ceramic spacers and its use
DE102017217150.2 2017-09-27
PCT/EP2018/074683 WO2019063300A1 (en) 2017-09-27 2018-09-13 High-voltage device having ceramic spacer elements, and use thereof

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN111133538A true CN111133538A (en) 2020-05-08
CN111133538B CN111133538B (en) 2023-09-01

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CN201880062158.8A Active CN111133538B (en) 2017-09-27 2018-09-13 High-voltage device with ceramic spacing element and use thereof

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US (1) US11605488B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3659160A1 (en)
CN (1) CN111133538B (en)
BR (1) BR112020005343A2 (en)
CA (1) CA3073999C (en)
DE (1) DE102017217150A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2747859C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019063300A1 (en)

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DE102019101973A1 (en) 2019-01-28 2020-07-30 Eugen Forschner Gmbh Connection arrangement for connecting a busbar to a housing

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CN204242764U (en) * 2014-09-30 2015-04-01 国家电网公司 Miniaturized transformer

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CN111133538B (en) 2023-09-01
BR112020005343A2 (en) 2020-09-24
EP3659160A1 (en) 2020-06-03
US11605488B2 (en) 2023-03-14
DE102017217150A1 (en) 2019-03-28
CA3073999A1 (en) 2019-04-04
CA3073999C (en) 2024-01-23
RU2747859C1 (en) 2021-05-17
WO2019063300A1 (en) 2019-04-04
US20200219642A1 (en) 2020-07-09

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