CN111133163B

CN111133163B - Locking device

Info

Publication number: CN111133163B
Application number: CN201880059556.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: ABUS Pfaffenhain GmbH
Current assignee: ABUS Pfaffenhain GmbH
Priority date: 2017-09-13
Filing date: 2018-09-13
Publication date: 2022-01-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-13
Also published as: CN111133163A; AU2018332493A1; WO2019053135A1; JP7278265B2; AU2018332493B2; DE102017121226A1; EP3658725A1; JP2020533501A

Abstract

A locking device, in particular a lock cylinder, comprising: having a base including a core receiver; a lock core rotatably accommodated in the core receiver of the base body about an axis of rotation and having a keyway for a key associated with the locking device; and a plurality of pins projecting partially into the keyway and configured to prevent rotation of the plug portion out of the normal position in the normal position of the plug portion if the pins are not arranged, in particular by an associated key, to release the configuration of the plug portion. The lock core has a blocking element which is movably supported and preloaded radially outwards with respect to the axis of rotation, and which is configured to be held in a neutral position against the preloading by an associated key. An abutment portion is formed on the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver, by which an arresting position of the cylinder part is defined, which is different from the normal position, up to the arresting position, the cylinder part being free to rotate in the release configuration of the tumbler starting from the normal position, and wherein the blocking element abuts the abutment portion to block the cylinder part from rotating beyond the arresting position if the blocking element is not in the neutral position.

Description

Locking device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a lock device, comprising: a base having a core receiver; having a cylinder part which is rotatably received in a core receiver of the basic body about an axis of rotation and which has a key slot for a key associated with the locking device; and has a plurality of pins which project partly into the key slot and which are configured to block rotation of the plug portion out of the normal position in the normal position of the plug portion, as long as the pins are not arranged in a configuration to release the plug portion, in particular by an associated key.

Background

Such a locking device can be configured in particular as a cylinder, for example for use in a door, and the basic body can then become a cylinder housing for a cylinder core. However, the base body may also be formed, for example, by the lock body of a lock, for example, a portable lock such as a padlock. The locking device can also be configured in different ways in general, however, in any case in which the plug part can only be rotated by the correct key according to the same principle, otherwise blocked by the tumbler.

The lock cylinder portion does not necessarily have to have a precise cylindrical shape. However, it is advantageous if the cylinder part is substantially cylindrical, wherein the core receiver provided in the basic body for the cylinder part has a corresponding shape, so that the cylinder part is reliably rotatably supported in the core receiver. Then, in particular, the axis of rotation of the rotatability may simultaneously correspond to the cylinder axis and/or the axis of symmetry of the lock core or the core receiver. The key slot advantageously extends parallel to the axis of rotation, and the axis of rotation in particular extends through the key slot, so that when an associated key is inserted into the key slot, the associated key can be rotated together with the cylinder part about its own axis.

Said normal position of the cylinder part of the locking device is a rotational position in which the cylinder part can be prevented from rotating by the tumbler, i.e. in particular when the associated key is located in the keyway. There are typically a plurality of such rotational positions. In particular, after a complete rotation about the axis of rotation, starting from said normal position, the lock cylinder part can again assume a rotational position which, however, is not considered to be another normal position, but rather is considered to be the same normal position. Since the locked state of the lock device can be changed by one or more full rotations of the key cylinder portion, the normal position is not fixed to a specific locked state. A respective article, for example a door, provided with a locking device can be first locked by the locking device, for example in the normal position of the cylinder part, and can be unlocked again in the normal position after one or more complete rotations of the cylinder part. Therefore, there need not be a clear relationship between the normal position and the locked state of the locking device.

The lock cylinder portion is substantially rotatable relative to the base. However, such rotatability may be blocked by the pin in the normal position first. For example, the pins may be configured as pin-type pins or disc-type pins and are conveniently preloaded in a position in which the pins extend over the boundary surface between the base body and the plug portion, thereby blocking rotation of the plug portion relative to the base body.

In order to cancel this, the tumbler must then be arranged to release the configuration of the cylinder core, i.e. each of the plurality of tumblers is moved to a position in which it no longer blocks the cylinder core relative to the base, which position may be different for different tumblers. It is therefore necessary to know the release configuration, i.e. how which tumbler has to be positioned for unlocking. This information is encrypted in the key associated with the locking device to the extent that, when the key is correctly inserted into the keyway of the cylinder core, the key, in particular the profile provided at the key shank of the key, forces the pins into their respective release positions, optionally against a preload.

The safety of the respective locking device is thus dependent in particular on the ease with which the tumbler can also be moved into the release configuration in a different manner than by the key associated with the locking device, for example by means of a so-called setting of the tumbler by means of a lock picking tool or by means of a duplicate key. Therefore, in order to prevent such an abnormal lock cylinder from unlocking, it is advantageous to provide a further safety mechanism, which however should not complicate the actuation of the locking device if possible.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a locking device of the initially named type, a key for such a locking device, a locking system comprising such a locking device and such a key, or a key blank for manufacturing such a key, which all provide improved protection against improper unlocking and thus enable simple and comfortable actuation.

This object is achieved by a locking device having the features of claim 1; this is achieved by a key having the features of claim 14; this is achieved by a locking system having the features of claim 19; and by a key blank having the features of claim 19. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

In the locking device according to the invention, the cylinder part has a movably supported blocking element which is preloaded radially outwards with respect to the axis of rotation and which is configured to be held in a neutral position against the preload by an associated key. In particular, the blocking element and the cylinder part on which the blocking element is supported can be connected to each other for common rotation about the axis of rotation, so that the blocking element cannot be rotated without the cylinder part and the cylinder part cannot be rotated without the blocking element. Thus, the rotation of the cylinder part can be blocked, since the path of movement which the blocking element travels when the cylinder part is rotated is blocked. Since the blocking element is movably supported at the cylinder part, the respective movement path traversed depends on the respective position of the blocking element, so that the rotation of the cylinder part can be blocked depending on the position of the blocking element.

The blocking elements are preloaded radially outward, i.e. in a position in which they each extend as far as possible within their mobility radially away from the axis of rotation. The blocking element is preferably mounted at the lock cylinder part in an at least substantially linearly displaceable manner, wherein the direction of the displacement is in particular at least substantially radially aligned with respect to a rotational axis which intersects the rotational axis. However, the blocking element can also be aligned in a different manner and/or can be supported in a different manner, for example pivotably or rotatably, at the lock cylinder part, and then the blocking element is preloaded radially outward to such an extent that it is preloaded in the direction of a position in which the point of the blocking element which is most radially remote from the axis of rotation is as far away as possible from the axis of rotation.

The blocking element may be held in a neutral position against the preload. Thus, in the neutral position, the blocking element does not extend radially outwards with respect to the axis of rotation as far as the position in which the blocking element is preloaded with respect to the axis of rotation, and therefore assumes this position when the blocking element is not held in the neutral position, in particular when no key is present or a wrong key is employed to actuate the cylinder core.

In particular, the blocking element may be arranged in a neutral position such that it does not protrude in the radial direction on the lock cylinder part, but terminates flush with the jacket surface of the lock cylinder part. If the blocking element is not held in this neutral position, the blocking element is moved, due to the preload, to a position in which it protrudes over the lock cylinder. Here, the neutral position does not necessarily specify a single radial position of the blocking element, but may also include all those positions of the blocking element in which the blocking element is not arranged radially outward further than up to a specific edge position, for example up to a position in which it ends flush with the jacket surface of the lock cylinder part.

The blocking element is particularly configured to be held in the neutral position, in particular by an associated key. The interaction between the key and the blocking element that effects the retention can generally take place in different ways, for example mechanically or preferably magnetically (as will be explained below). The interaction is preferably such that, if possible, the retention of the blocking element in the neutral position is also not achievable or can only be achieved with as great an effort as possible in a manner different from the associated key, and that, if possible, a duplication of the key is also not achievable or can only be achieved with as great an effort as possible with respect to this function. In addition to the blocking of the cylinder core by the tumbler, an additional security against abnormal rotation of the cylinder is achieved in this way by the blocking element, so that the security of the locking device is increased. Since the same key can be used for the arrangement of the tumbler in the release configuration and for holding the blocking element in the neutral position, it is advantageous, despite the additional security, that the user of the locking device does not generate additional effort when actuating the locking device.

Additional blocking of the lock cylinder by the blocking element occurs in the interaction of the blocking element with an abutment portion formed on the inner sleeve surface of the cylinder receiver and in fact depends on whether the blocking element is held in the neutral position or is moved radially outward beyond the neutral position due to the preload. In particular, the inner jacket surface of the core receiver may be formed by an inner wall of the core receiver, preferably in the form of a cylinder jacket of the core receiver, the outer jacket surface of the cylinder contacting the core receiver, or the outer jacket surface of the core receiver sliding along the inner wall of the core receiver when rotating. The abutment portion may for example be formed by a step in said jacket surface where the radius of the jacket surface changes abruptly. For example, the jacket surface may have a recess which is delimited by such a step on at least one side in the circumferential direction.

Here, a restricted position of the cylinder part is defined by said abutment portion, up to which the cylinder part is freely rotatable in the release configuration of the tumbler starting from the normal position, and in which the blocking element abuts the abutment portion to block the rotation of the cylinder part beyond the restricted position if the blocking element is not in the neutral position, but projects radially outwards in the neutral position. Thus, the restricted position is another rotational position of the cylinder part different from the normal position. The limit position can be assumed by a rotation of the cylinder part, starting from the normal position, for example at least about 5 °, preferably at least about 10 °, in particular at least about 20 °, about the axis of rotation.

In the release configuration of the tumbler, the cylinder portion is free to rotate from the normal position to the restricting position. In other words, rotating the plug portion out of the normal position requires the tumblers to be disposed in a release configuration; however, if this is the case, the cylinder part can be rotated in at least one rotational direction up to and into the restricting position, and in fact irrespective of whether the blocking element remains in the neutral position. However, in the limit position, whether the blocking element can be guided past the abutment portion and the cylinder part can thus be rotated beyond the limit position, or whether the blocking element abuts the abutment portion and the cylinder part thus prevents rotation beyond the limit position, depends on the position of the blocking element. Only when the blocking element is in the neutral position, it can be guided past the abutment portion despite the preload. Otherwise, i.e. when the blocking element extends radially outwards beyond the neutral position, the blocking element abuts the abutment portion.

Thus, if someone should try to arrange the tumbler in the release configuration, the cylinder portion is also secured, at least against rotation beyond said limit position. In this respect, however, in the starting position, i.e. in the normal position, the blocking element does not block the cylinder part, but can rotate freely up to the limit position. This has the advantage, for example, that a duplicate key can be identified in such a way as to allow having a profile suitable for moving the tumbler into the release configuration, but unlike the original key associated with the locking device, the duplicate key does not have the required features required to keep the blocking element in the neutral position. Whereas the cylinder part can be rotated out of the restricted position using the correct key and cannot be rotated out of the normal position without a key or a completely wrong key at all, a key copied by this kind can be allowed to rotate out of the normal position but only to the restricted position.

According to a preferred embodiment, the blocking element is configured to be held in the neutral position by magnetic attraction by the associated key. In particular, the blocking element or at least a part thereof may comprise a soft magnetic material which is attractable by a permanent magnet arranged at a suitable position in the key, in particular at the key shank of the key. The blocking element can then be held in the neutral position by this magnetic interaction as long as the key is inserted into the keyway. Otherwise, however, the blocking element cannot remain in the neutral position and thus cannot be guided through the abutment portion in the restricting position.

Thus, in such an embodiment, the magnetic attraction force acting on the blocking element and defined with respect to position and orientation is a requirement to be able to rotate the lock cylinder part beyond the limit position. The magnetic attraction of such blocking elements cannot be simulated simply by a lock picking tool. In addition, key blanks that are typically used to duplicate keys do not have magnetic elements for creating a defined magnetic attraction. In general, a duplicate key may also be permissibly provided with a permanent magnet. However, the workload of replication is thereby greatly increased. Thus, the locking device according to the invention may further improve the safety against abnormal actuation by this embodiment.

According to another advantageous embodiment, a retaining portion is formed on the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver, which retaining portion holds the locking element in the neutral position against a preload acting on the locking element in the normal position of the lock core. Thus, in such an embodiment, the locking device is not only in the neutral position, in particular by magnetic attraction, when a key associated with the locking device is inserted into the key slot and holds the locking element in the neutral position, but also in each case independently of the key being in the neutral position when the cylinder part is in the normal position, in which it is then held in the neutral position by said holding portion of the core receiver.

This has the advantage that: the blocking element is already in the neutral position when the associated key is inserted into the key slot, and therefore does not have to be moved first, for example by the key, into the neutral position in order to be subsequently held in the neutral position by the inserted key. In particular, when the blocking element is configured to be held in the neutral position by magnetic attraction of the associated key, the permanent magnet provided at the key for this purpose does not necessarily have to be so strong that it can attract the blocking element closer to itself from a position radially distanced from the axis of rotation. It is sufficient that the permanent magnet is just strong enough to hold the blocking element already in the neutral position in said neutral position. The blocking element is preferably arranged such that it is at least substantially directly adjacent to a key inserted into the keyway, so that the permanent magnet provided only has to have a relatively short range in order to be able to reliably magnetically interact with the blocking element.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the above-described embodiment, a transition portion is formed on the inner jacket surface of the core receiver between the abutment portion and the retaining portion, along which transition portion the size of the radius of the core receiver increases with respect to the recess portion from the retaining portion up to the axis of rotation in the vicinity of the abutment portion. If the blocking element is not held in the neutral position by the associated key, the blocking element, which is pushed against the holding part by its preloading in the normal position, is thus guided along the transition part when the cylinder part is rotated out of the normal position in the direction of the limit position. The blocking elements here each assume a radial position as a result of the preload, in which the blocking element contacts a corresponding point of the transition in a corresponding rotational position.

The extent of the radial extension of the transition portion in a circumferential manner here defines the radial position of the blocking element in dependence on the respective rotational position of the lock cylinder portion on the path from the normal position to the limit position or vice versa. Here, the blocking element is held in the neutral position by the holding portion in the normal position, while the blocking element contacts a recess portion in the vicinity of the abutment portion, which abutment portion has a larger radius than the holding portion in the restricting position, so that the blocking element projects radially outward beyond the neutral position in the restricting position of the lock cylinder portion. The radius of the core receiver, i.e. the extent of the radial extension of the transition portion, preferably varies continuously between the retaining portion and the recess portion, i.e. the core receiver has no abrupt transition, so that the blocking element can be guided along the entire extension of the transition portion without being hindered. The radius here preferably increases monotonically, although not necessarily strictly monotonically from the holding portion up to the recess portion, such an increase need not be uniform, but a range of curves, for example, is also possible.

Such a transition portion can serve as a kind of ramp by which the blocking element is automatically pushed into its neutral position against its preload when the cylinder part is rotated out of the limit position into the normal position. This has the advantage that when the cylinder core is actuated by a key or a tool not adapted to hold the blocking element in the neutral position, the cylinder core can still be rotated back out of the restricted position into the normal position, even if this requires the blocking element to be in its neutral position due to the holding part. In contrast, if no such transition portion is provided between the recess portion and the retaining portion in the vicinity of the abutment portion, but a step is provided, the blocking element cannot be guided through the step so that the lock core portion is captured in the restricting position or in the range of rotation angles adjacent thereto. Since this may occur not only in the event of an improper actuation of the locking device, but also, for example, in the event of a deterioration in the magnetization of a key associated with the locking device, it is advantageous to exclude the blocking of the cylinder part in a rotational position differing from the normal position, which cannot actually be released again in the described configuration.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a further abutment portion is formed on the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver, which further abutment portion is arranged in the opposite rotational direction from the normal position of the cylinder part and by which a further limit position of the cylinder part, which is different from the normal position, is defined up to which further limit position the cylinder part is free to rotate in the opposite rotational direction from the normal position in the release configuration of the tumbler, and wherein the blocking element abuts the further abutment portion to block the cylinder part from rotating beyond the further limit position in the opposite rotational direction if the blocking element is not in the neutral portion but projects radially outwards beyond the neutral position. The functions and advantages named in relation to the further abutment are achieved not only by such a further abutment starting from the normal position in one direction of rotation, but also in the opposite direction of rotation in a corresponding manner.

In this respect, the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver may be formed symmetrically in the rotational direction-at least in an axial section with respect to the rotational axis in which the blocking element is arranged-starting from the point at which the blocking element faces in the normal position of the lock core, on the one hand at least up to the abutment section and on the other hand up to the further abutment section. In each case, the actuation of the locking device is the same in this manner, irrespective of the direction of rotation. The point with respect to which the inner jacket surface of the core receiver is formed symmetrically in the rotational direction may specifically correspond to the center of the holding portion in the circumferential direction.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the locking device comprises a guide element which is inserted into a cutout of the basic body provided at the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver and has an abutment portion. If a further abutment section, retaining section and/or transition section is provided, the guide element preferably also has one or more of these elements. In other words, the abutment portion in the present embodiment is not formed directly in the base body, but in a guide element formed separately from the base body but fastened thereto. Thus, as shown, it may at least partially form part of the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver by a corresponding arrangement of guide elements. An advantage of such an embodiment is that, for example, the guide element interacting with the blocking element can be formed from a material different from the base body, in particular a material which is particularly suitable for the function of the guide element. The basic body of a conventional locking device can thus be improved in a manner according to the invention by introducing the respective cut-out and by inserting the guide element into the cut-out.

In such an embodiment it is further preferred that the cut-out has a continuous uniform cross-section in a direction tangential to the axis of rotation, i.e. the cross-section is at least substantially constant as seen in the tangential direction. In particular, the cut-out can extend from the outside of the base body into the base body tangentially to the axis of rotation, so that a guide element, advantageously with a corresponding cross section, can be inserted into the cut-out along this extension. The cut-out then extends from the outside of the basic body at least to or along the inner sleeve surface of the core receptacle, so that the inserted guide element can interact with the blocking element of the lock core inserted into the core receptacle. The incision preferably extends completely through the base body such that the guide element can be selectively inserted into the incision from outside the base body at one of the two opposite ends of the incision.

The provision of a tangential slit with a continuous uniform cross section has advantages not only in the assembly of the locking device but also in the manufacture of the basic body, since the slit can in this way be introduced into the basic body from outside the basic body by means of a reaming process. However, different types of formation of the incisions may also be considered instead in general. For example, the cutouts can also be introduced into the basic body from within the core receptacle, for example milled as recesses.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the blocking element has a pin shape which extends along a pin axis which is aligned radially with respect to the axis of rotation, which pin shape can in particular be arranged symmetrically to the pin axis. The pin axis is advantageously aligned radially with respect to the axis of rotation and thus intersects the axis of rotation. It is further preferred that the blocking element is linearly movably supported on the lock cylinder part along its pin axis.

According to an advantageous further development of this embodiment, the blocking element has an enlarged diameter portion which is recessed with respect to the end face, in particular with respect to the two end faces opposite the pin axis. In particular, each end face is aligned perpendicular to the pin axis. The enlarged diameter portion preferably has a gradually enlarged diameter with respect to the adjacent portion of the blocking element, thereby creating a shoulder, in particular a peripheral shoulder. On the side of the enlarged diameter portion facing the axis of rotation, such a shoulder can serve as an engagement point for a preloading means (e.g. a helical spring) which preloads the blocking element radially outwards out of the neutral position. On the side of the enlarged diameter portion facing away from the axis of rotation, such a shoulder should interact with the abutment portion such that the concave edge of the shoulder hits the convex edge of the abutment portion when the lock core portion is rotated to the restricting position and the blocking element is not held in the neutral position. A particularly stable interaction of the blocking element with the abutment portion can thereby be achieved.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the blocking element and the pin are arranged such that they can move at an angle with respect to each other, in particular perpendicularly with respect to each other. In this respect, the direction of movement of the pin on the one hand and of the blocking element on the other hand preferably has an angle of at least 30 °, preferably at least 45 °, particularly preferably approximately 90 °. This oblique, in particular vertical, arrangement makes picking the locking device by means of a lock picking tool more difficult, since the blocking element and the tumbler have to be actuated in different directions.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the key slot has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped with two wide sides opposite each other and parallel to the axis of rotation and two narrow sides opposite each other and parallel to the axis of rotation, and the blocking element is movable perpendicular to the narrow sides. It should be understood that the width of the narrow side is smaller here than the wide side. In particular, in such an arrangement of the blocking element, it can interact with a respective narrow side of a respective parallelepiped key shank of the associated key.

It is further preferred here that the blocking element is adjacent to one of the narrow sides of the key slot in the neutral position. The end face of the blocking element, in particular one of the end faces mentioned above, may for example adjoin the narrow side in a substantially flush manner in the neutral position. It is often advantageous that the blocking element, if possible, is directly adjacent to the keyway in the neutral position and can thus be adjacent to a key inserted into the keyway, thereby simplifying the interaction of the associated key with the blocking element holding the blocking element in the neutral position. In particular, the blocking element can be held in the neutral position by the key in a reliable manner over such a short distance by means of a magnetic attraction force without having to provide a particularly strong permanent magnet at the key for this purpose. The deterioration of the magnetization may also be less problematic at short distances.

The key according to the invention is configured for use with a locking device according to the invention, in particular with a locking device according to one of the above-described embodiments, and is further configured to arrange the tumbler, when it is inserted into the keyway of the cylinder portion of the locking device, in a configuration to release the plug for rotation, on the one hand, away from the normal position and, on the other hand, to hold the blocking element in its neutral position against its preload.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the key has a key lever which extends in the key insertion direction and has a permanent magnet to hold the blocking element of the key cylinder part of the locking device in the neutral position by magnetic attraction. In particular, the key may have two permanent magnets arranged diametrically opposite one another, so that the key may be inserted as a reversible key into the key slot about the axis of rotation at 180 ° different from one another in both directions of rotation and may cooperate with the blocking element of the lock cylinder portion. The key may also have permanent magnets at different points along the key insertion direction, in particular when the locking device has a plurality of blocking elements, the respective two permanent magnets are preferably arranged directly opposite at the respective points.

According to an advantageous further development of this embodiment, the key lever has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped with two wide sides opposite each other and parallel to the key insertion direction and two narrow sides opposite each other and parallel to the key insertion direction, wherein the permanent magnet is arranged on one of the narrow sides. For two or more permanent magnets, they are preferably arranged in pairs on one narrow side and the other narrow side, respectively.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the key has a key shank which extends in the key insertion direction and has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped with two broad sides which are opposite one another and parallel to the key insertion direction and two narrow sides which are opposite one another and parallel to the key insertion direction, the key shank having, at least one of its broad sides, a contour which interacts with the tumblers and by means of which the tumblers are arranged in the release configuration. The key lever may have notches, indents or corrugations, for example, because the profiles interacting with the pins and their different depths correspond to the release configuration of the pins such that they set the pins in this configuration and then retain them therein when a key is inserted into the keyway of the plug.

The locking system according to the invention comprises a locking device according to the invention, in particular according to one of the above-described embodiments, and a key according to the invention, in particular according to one of the above-described embodiments, wherein the key is associated with the locking device such that the locking device can be normally actuated by the key.

The key blank according to the invention is configured for manufacturing a key according to the invention, in particular a key according to one of the above-described embodiments, and has a key shank which has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped having two broad sides opposite to each other and parallel to the key insertion direction and two narrow sides opposite to each other and parallel to the key insertion direction, and is preferably configured to be provided by a profile machined for interaction with the pins of the locking device according to the invention, into at least one of the narrow sides a permanent magnet is inserted.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained below, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1a and 1b each show, in perspective cross-section, an embodiment of a locking system according to the invention comprising a locking device according to the invention and a key according to the invention, the cylinder part being in two different rotational positions in fig. 1a and 1 b;

FIG. 2 illustrates in perspective an embodiment of a key according to the present invention;

fig. 3 shows in perspective cross-section part of the embodiment of the locking system according to the invention shown in fig. 1;

fig. 4a and 4b each show a part of a further embodiment of a locking device according to the invention in a perspective sectional view;

FIG. 5 shows the base body of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b in a top view; and

fig. 6 shows the guide element of the embodiment shown in fig. 4a and 4b in a perspective view.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the locking device 11 according to the invention, which are shown at least in part in fig. 1a, 1b, 2 and 3, respectively, are configured as lock cylinders, i.e. profile cylinders. The cylinder housing of the lock cylinder forms the base body 13 of the locking device 11, which comprises a substantially hollow cylindrical portion and a web portion extending therefrom radially (downwards in fig. 1a and 1b) with respect to its cylinder axis.

The inner space of the hollow cylindrical portion forms a core receiver 15, in which core receiver 15 a substantially cylindrical lock cylinder portion 17 is accommodated. In this respect, the outer jacket surface of the lock cylinder part 17 contacts the inner jacket surface of the core receiver 15 in a flush manner and is here rotatable in the core receiver 15 about its own cylinder axis, which coincides with the cylinder axis of the hollow cylindrical portion of the base body 13 and the cylinder axis of the core receiver 15. The cylinder axis thus forms a rotational axis R about which the lock core 17 is rotatable.

The key slot 19 is formed in the key cylinder portion 17 and has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped having two broad sides (facing upwards and downwards in fig. 1a and 1b, respectively) opposite each other and parallel to the axis of rotation R, and two narrow sides (facing to the left and right in fig. 1a and 1b, respectively). The key slot 19 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of rotation R to such an extent that one of the narrow sides is further away from the axis of rotation R than the other, while the two wide sides are preferably equidistant away from the axis of rotation R. In particular, as in the described embodiment, one of the narrow sides may be adjacent to the jacket surface of the lock cylinder portion 17.

The locking device 11 comprises a plurality of pins 21, only one of which is visible in the sectional views of fig. 1a and 1 b. The pin 21, which is partially accommodated in the cylinder part 17 and partially in the web part of the basic body 13 and is radially movable there relative to the axis of rotation R, comprises a core pin 23 and a housing pin 25. In the position of the pin 21 shown, the core pin 23 is completely in the cylinder part 17, while the housing pin 25 is completely in the basic body 13, so that the boundary surface between the core pin 23 and the housing pin 25 coincides with the boundary surface between the jacket surface of the cylinder part 17 and the jacket surface of the core receiver 15, so that the pin 21 does not hinder the rotation of the cylinder part 17 out of the normal position of the cylinder part 17 shown in fig. 1a, as also shown by comparison with fig. 1b, in which the cylinder part 17 is rotated into a limit position relative to the normal position.

To this extent, the position of the pin 21 shown in fig. 1a represents a position in which the cylinder core 17 is released for rotation. In this respect, the release positions of the pins 21 depend on the length of the core pin 23, respectively, and the length of the core pin 23 may be different for different pins 21. The release configuration of the pins 21 exists if all the pins 21 of the locking device 11 are in their respective release positions. If this is the case, the cylinder part 17 can only be rotated out of the normal position, in which the cylinder part 17 is prevented from rotating.

The pin 21 is movable into the release configuration by means of a key 27, which key 27 is associated with the locking device 11, which key is shown separately in fig. 2 and has a substantially parallelepiped key shank 29 extending in the key insertion direction. The key lever has, at the wide side of the parallelepiped shape, a profile 30 parallel to the key insertion direction, which profile 30 forces the pins 21 into their respective release positions against the respective pin springs 31 when the key 27 is fully inserted into the key slot 19 (see fig. 1 a). In this way, with the key 27 inserted, the key cylinder part can be rotated from the restricted position shown in fig. 1a to the restricted position shown in fig. 1 b.

The pin-like blocking element 33 is movably supported on the lock cylinder part 17 with its pin axis aligned radially with respect to the rotation axis R and is radially movable along the pin axis with respect to the rotation axis R. In this respect, the blocking element 33 is preloaded radially outwards by a preloading device 35 formed as a helical spring. In particular, as can be appreciated in the enlarged view of fig. 3, the blocking element has an enlarged diameter portion 37, which enlarged diameter portion 37 is recessed with respect to the diametrically opposite end faces of the blocking element 33, so as to form two shoulders 39, 39'. The preloading device 35 engages at a radially inner shoulder 39.

The blocking element 33 is surrounded by a sleeve 41, which sleeve 41 is at least substantially hollow-cylindrical and, like the blocking element 33, is radially aligned with the axis of rotation R. The sleeve 41 has at its radially inner end a reduced inner diameter 43, by means of which inner diameter 43 a further shoulder 45 (see fig. 1) is formed, at which shoulder 45 the preloading device 35 is supported to preload the blocking element 33 radially outwards. The blocking element 33 is inserted together with the sleeve 41 into a hole 47 in the lock cylinder part 17, which hole 47 extends radially from the jacket surface of the lock cylinder part 17 as far as the narrow side of the key slot 19. Due to the sleeve 41 formed with the shoulder 45 for the preloading device 35, the bore 47 does not have to have any shoulder for supporting the preloading device 35, so that it can have a constant cross-section, in particular a circular cross-section, and can thus be arranged particularly simply in the lock core 17 in terms of technical production.

On both narrow sides of the key lever 29, parallel to the key insertion direction and opposite each other, respective permanent magnets 49 are provided which are inserted into magnet receivers in the respective narrow sides, so that the permanent magnets end flush with the narrow sides. The permanent magnet 49 and the magnet receiver each have a shape corresponding to each other, and preferably, as shown in one of the two permanent magnets 49 in fig. 2, have a semicircular shape, which may be formed as a flat semi-cylinder, as shown.

The permanent magnet 49 is arranged in the key insertion direction such that when the key lever 29 of the key 27 is inserted into the key slot 19, the permanent magnet 49 is arranged axially on the level of the blocking element 33 with respect to the rotational axis R (see fig. 1a, 1b and 3). In this way, one of the two permanent magnets 49-depending on which of the two possible directions of rotation of the key 27 inserted in the key slot 19-is able to interact with the blocking element 33 so that it magnetically attracts the blocking element 33, keeping it in its neutral position shown in fig. 1a and 3 against its preload.

In contrast, if no key or wrong key is inserted into the key slot 19, in particular at the desired point without any permanent magnet 49, the blocking element 33 is movable radially outwards due to its preload with respect to its neutral position to a position in which the blocking element 33 protrudes on the jacket surface of the lock cylinder portion 17. In this position, the blocking element 33 abuts in the circumferential direction against an abutment portion 51 formed on the inner jacket surface of the core receiver 15 when the lock cylinder part 17 is rotated out of the normal position (see fig. 1 b). To this extent, the limit position of the lock cylinder portion 17 shown in fig. 1b is defined by the abutment portion 51, and the lock cylinder portion 17 cannot be rotated beyond the limit position in the first rotational direction (clockwise in the example shown) starting from the normal position, as long as the blocking element 33 is not held in its neutral position and can thus be guided through the abutment portion 51.

When the blocking element 33 abuts the abutment portion 51, the radially outer one of the shoulders 39, 39' formed by the enlarged diameter portion 37 just contacts the inner jacket surface of the core receiver 15. The blocking element 33 is therefore particularly reliably supported at the abutment portion 51, so that the blocking of the cylinder part 17 beyond the limit position cannot be overcome.

A further abutment portion 51 'is formed on the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver 15 and defines, in a corresponding manner to said abutment portion 51, a further limit position of the lock cylinder 17 beyond which the lock cylinder cannot be rotated, starting from the normal position, in a second rotational direction (in the example shown, counterclockwise) opposite to the first rotational direction beyond said limit position, as long as the blocking element 33 is not held in its neutral position and can thus be guided through the abutment portion 51'. The abutment portions 51, 51' are formed at least substantially symmetrically to each other.

The permanent magnet 49 arranged at the key lever 29 of the associated key 27 may be strong enough to pull the blocking element 33 out of its position arranged radially outwards with respect to the neutral position. However, this is advantageous, but not necessary, because in the normal position of the lock cylinder part 17 shown in fig. 1a, in which the key 27 is insertable into the key rod 29, the blocking element is in any case held in the neutral position by a holding portion 53 formed on the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver 15. Here, each of the two abutment portions 51, 51' is arranged equidistantly away from the retaining portion 53 in the circumferential direction, so that the two limit positions have the same angle of rotation relative to the normal position of the lock core portion 17, albeit in opposite rotational directions.

Likewise, between the further abutment portion 51' and the retaining portion 53, between the abutment portion 51 and the retaining portion 53, a respective transition portion 55, 55' is formed, the radius of the core receiver 15 increasing with respect to the axis of rotation R from the retaining portion 53 along the transition portion 55, 55' up to a respective recess portion 57, 57' adjacent to the respective abutment portion 55, 55 '. Continuously, although not necessarily uniformly, as in the example shown, for example, a curved transition is thus produced between the radius of the retaining portion 53 and the radius of the respective recess portion 57, 57', the recess portion 57, 57' being enlarged in comparison with the radius of the retaining portion 53. To this extent, the transition portions 55, 55' act as ramps along which the radially outer end faces of the blocking element 33 slide due to the preload, so that the blocking element 33 is pushed into one of the two limit positions into its normal position, into its neutral position, upon rotation of the lock cylinder portion 17. Thus, in particular, the rotation of the cylinder part 17 from its restricted position to the normal position is not blocked, which would be the case if, for example, a step were formed between the respective recess 57, 57' and the retaining part 53, would block the rotation of the cylinder part 17 from its restricted position to the normal position.

The holding portion 53, the transition portions 55, 55', the recess portions 57, 57' and the abutment portions 51, 51' are not formed directly in the base body 13, but are formed in a guide member 59, which guide member 59 is separated from the base body 13 and is inserted into a cutout 61 of the base body 13 provided at the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver 15. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1a and 1b, the cut-out 61 is introduced as a pocket milling into the basic body 13. Fig. 4a, 4b, 5 and 6 show an alternative embodiment thereof, in which the cut 61' is introduced into the base body 13 from the outside of the base body 13 by a reaming process.

In particular, in fig. 5 it can be appreciated that in this embodiment the cut 61 'has a continuous uniform cross section, since the cut 61' can be considered as a geometric body having a constant cross section with respect to the longitudinal axis and which is removed from the base body 13 on an arrangement of the longitudinal axis tangential to the rotation axis R. In this way, the guide elements 59', which advantageously have a corresponding cross section, can be simply pushed into the cutouts 61' from the outside of the base body 13, rather than from the core receiver 15.

The cut-out 61' may, for example, have a cross-section as shown in fig. 5, which at least substantially has the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. Here, the rectangle adjoins the shorter base side of the trapezoid, so that the cut 61' opens continuously towards the outside of the base body 13. However, the cut-out 61' can also be closed in the manner of a channel, so that it opens out only at its two ends or only at one end of its longitudinal extension towards the outside of the basic body 13. Instead, the cut-out 61 'is open at least towards the core receiver 15, so that the guiding element 59' can be positioned in the cut-out 61 'such that at least the abutment portion 51, and optionally also the further abutment portion 51', the retaining portion 54, the transition portion 55, 55 'and/or the recess portion 57, 57' are arranged on the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver 15 in order to be able to interact with the blocking element 33 of the lock cylinder portion 17.

Description of reference numerals

11 locking device

13 base body

15 core receiver

17 lock core part

19 key slot

21 pellet

23 core pin

25 casing pin

27 Key

29 Key lever

30 profile

31 marble spring

33 blocking element

35 preloading device

37 enlarged diameter portion

39. 39' shoulder

41 sleeve

43 inner diameter reduced portion

45 shoulder

47 holes

49 permanent magnet

51. 51' adjacent part

53 holding part

55. 55' transition part

57. 57' recess portion

59. 59' guide element

61. 61' incision

R axis of rotation

Claims

1. A locking device (11), in particular a lock cylinder, having a base body (13) comprising a core receiver (15); having a lock core (17), which lock core (17) is rotatably accommodated in the core receiver (15) of the base body (13) about a rotational axis (R) and has a key slot (19) for a key (27) associated with the locking device (11); and having a plurality of pins (21), the pins (21) projecting partly into the key slot (19) and being configured to prevent the cylinder core (17) from rotating out of the normal position in the normal position of the cylinder core (17) if the pins (21) are not arranged, in particular by an associated key (27), to release the configuration of the cylinder core (17),

wherein the lock core (17) has a blocking element (33), the blocking element (33) being movably supported and preloaded radially outwards with respect to the axis of rotation (R), and the blocking element (33) being configured to be held in a neutral position against the preload by the associated key (27); and

wherein an abutment portion (51) is formed on an inner sleeve surface of the core receiver (15), by means of which abutment portion (51) a restricted position of the lock core (17) is defined, which is different from the normal position, up to which restricted position the lock core (17) is free to rotate from the normal position in the release configuration of the tumbler (21), and wherein the blocking element (33) abuts the abutment portion (51) to block the lock core (17) from rotating beyond the restricted position if the blocking element (33) is not in the neutral position.

2. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking element (33) is configured to be held in the neutral position by magnetic attraction by the associated key (27).

3. The locking device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a retaining portion (53) is formed at the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver (15), the retaining portion (53) holding the blocking element (33) in the neutral position against a preload in the normal position of the lock core (17).

4. The locking device according to claim 3, wherein a transition portion (55) is formed at the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver (15) between the abutment portion (51) and the retaining portion (53), the radius of the core receiver (15) increasing with respect to the rotation axis (R) from the retaining portion (53) along the transition portion (55) up to a recess portion (57) in the vicinity of the abutment portion (51).

5. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein a further abutment portion (51 ') is formed at the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver (15), which further abutment portion (51') is arranged in a rotational direction opposite to the abutment portion (51) from the normal position of the lock core (17), and which further abutment portion (51 ') defines a further limit position of the lock core (17) different from the normal position up to which further limit position, in the release configuration of the tumbler (21), the lock core (17) being freely rotatable in the opposite rotational direction from the normal position, and wherein the blocking element (33) abuts the further abutment portion (51') if the blocking element (33) is not in the neutral position, to block rotation of the cylinder part (17) in the opposite rotational direction beyond the further limit position.

6. The locking device according to claim 5, wherein the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver (15) is formed symmetrically in the rotational direction at least in an axial cross section with respect to the rotational axis (R), in which axial cross section the blocking element (33) is provided, starting on the one hand from a point at which the blocking element (33) faces in the normal position of the lock core (17) at least up to the abutment portion (51) and on the other hand up to the further abutment portion (51').

7. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein the locking device comprises a guiding element (59), the guiding element (59) being inserted into a cutout (61) provided at the inner sleeve surface of the core receiver (15), and the guiding element (59) having the abutment portion (51).

8. The locking device according to claim 7, wherein the cut-out (61) has a continuous uniform cross-section in a direction tangential to the rotation axis (R).

9. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking element (33) has a pin shape extending along a pin axis aligned radially with respect to the rotation axis (R).

10. The locking device according to claim 9, wherein the blocking element (33) has an enlarged diameter portion (37), the enlarged diameter portion (37) being recessed with respect to an end face, in particular with respect to two end faces opposite with respect to the pin axis.

11. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking element (33) and the pin (21) are arranged such that they can move at an angle with respect to each other, in particular perpendicularly with respect to each other.

12. The locking device according to claim 1, wherein the key slot (19) has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped having two wide sides opposite each other and parallel to the rotation axis (R) and two narrow sides opposite each other and parallel to the rotation axis (R), and,

wherein the blocking element (33) is movable perpendicular to the narrow side.

13. The locking device according to claim 12, wherein the blocking element (33) is adjacent to one of the narrow sides of the key slot (19) in the neutral position.

14. A key (27) for use with a locking device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the key (27) is configured to arrange the pin (21) in a configuration that releases the cylinder core (17) for rotation out of the normal position, and to hold the blocking element (33) in its neutral position against a preload of the blocking element (33) when the key is inserted into the keyway (19) of the cylinder core (17) of the locking device (11).

15. The key as defined in claim 14, wherein the key (27) has a key lever (29), the key lever (29) extending in a key insertion direction and the key lever having a permanent magnet (49), in particular two permanent magnets (49) arranged diametrically opposite, to hold the blocking element (33) of the cylinder part (17) of the locking device (11) in the neutral position by magnetic attraction.

16. The key according to claim 15, wherein said key lever (29) has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped having two wide sides opposite each other and parallel to said key insertion direction and two narrow sides opposite each other and parallel to said key insertion direction; and

wherein the permanent magnet (49) is arranged at one of the narrow sides.

17. The key according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the key (27) has a key shank (29), the key shank (29) extending along a key insertion direction, and the key shank (29) has substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped having two broad sides opposite to each other and parallel to the key insertion direction and two narrow sides opposite to each other and parallel to the key insertion direction; and

wherein the key lever (29) has a profile (30), the profile (30) interacting with the pin (21) at least one of its broad sides, and the pin (21) is arranged in a release configuration by the profile (30).

18. A locking system comprising a locking device (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and a key (27) according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

19. A key blank for manufacturing a key (27) according to any one of claims 14 to 17, having a key shank (29), the key shank (29) having substantially the shape of a flat parallelepiped having two broad sides opposite to each other and parallel to a key insertion direction and two narrow sides opposite to each other and parallel to the key insertion direction, and the key shank (29) being configured to be provided by machining with a profile (30), the profile (30) being intended to interact with a pin (21) of a locking device (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 13;

wherein a permanent magnet (49) is inserted into at least one of the narrow sides.