CN111132312B - Resource allocation method and device - Google Patents

Resource allocation method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111132312B
CN111132312B CN201811279526.2A CN201811279526A CN111132312B CN 111132312 B CN111132312 B CN 111132312B CN 201811279526 A CN201811279526 A CN 201811279526A CN 111132312 B CN111132312 B CN 111132312B
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formation
multicast group
cellular user
energy efficiency
transmission power
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CN111132312A (en
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陈月云
程远洋
杜利平
曾卓
邓凌越
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Datang Mobile Communications Equipment Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/51—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H04W4/08—User group management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/46—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a resource allocation method and a device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the base station arranges according to the position of each V2V multicast group to obtain a plurality of formation groups; aiming at each formation, selecting a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station; determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to formation, wherein the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relation between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group; calculating by adopting an energy efficiency model, and determining the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the aim of calculating by adopting the energy efficiency model comprises maximizing the total energy efficiency; and allocating uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for each V2V multicast group in the formation. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can improve the frequency spectrum utilization rate, the energy efficiency and the throughput.

Description

Resource allocation method and device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a resource allocation method and a resource allocation apparatus.
Background
In recent years, as the number of vehicles is rapidly increased, great challenges are brought to network carrying capacity and spectrum utilization efficiency, and D2D (Device to Device Communication) Communication technology is introduced into the Vehicle networking (which may be referred to as V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) unicast technology), so that the spectrum efficiency of the system can be improved, the energy consumption can be reduced, the base station load can be reduced, and the coverage capacity can be enhanced.
However, when the vehicle needs to obtain the state information of the speed, the position, the moving direction and the like of other vehicles around in real time during the driving process of the automobile, a D2D multicast technology (which may be called as a V2V multicast technology) is introduced, that is, point-to-multipoint communication is adopted, so that the communication problem between one vehicle and a plurality of vehicles can be solved.
Currently, there is a resource allocation scheme for V2V unicast, but there is no V2V multicast resource allocation scheme; the resource allocation scheme for the V2V unicast is to make different V2V unicast groups reuse uplink frequency resources of different cellular users; if the V2V unicast resource allocation scheme is applied to the V2V multicast resource allocation, although co-channel interference between V2V multicast group vehicles can be avoided, throughput, spectrum utilization efficiency and energy efficiency are also reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a resource allocation method, which improves the frequency spectrum utilization rate, the energy efficiency and the throughput.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a resource allocation device, which is used for ensuring the realization and the application of the method.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a resource allocation method, which is applied to a vehicle networking system, where the vehicle networking system includes a base station and a plurality of vehicle-to-vehicle V2V multicast groups, and specifically includes: the base station is arranged according to the positions of all the V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of formation groups, wherein one V2V multicast group comprises a plurality of vehicles, and one formation group comprises a plurality of V2V multicast groups; for each formation, selecting a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station; determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, wherein the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relation between total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group; calculating by using the energy efficiency model, and determining the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the objective of calculating by using the energy efficiency model includes maximizing total energy efficiency; and allocating uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for each V2V multicast group in the formation.
Optionally, the base station performs arrangement according to the position of each V2V multicast group to obtain a plurality of formation groups, including: the base station determines the index number of each V2V multicast group according to the sequence of each V2V multicast group entering the signal coverage range; determining a formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the total formation number; the V2V multicast group with the same formation number is determined as a formation.
Optionally, the selecting the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation from the cellular user terminals accessing the base station includes: selecting an un-multiplexed cellular user terminal from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station; selecting candidate cellular user terminals from the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed according to the multiplexing interruption probability corresponding to the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed and the average interference suffered by the base station; and selecting the optimal cellular user terminal from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplexing cellular user terminals corresponding to the formation according to the interference sum of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation.
Optionally, the calculating using the energy efficiency model includes: performing loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a set rule algorithm, and determining the optimal transmitting power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation; and for each V2V multicast group in the formation, taking the optimal transmission power corresponding to the V2V multicast group as the transmission power of the V2V multicast group.
Alternatively, in a V2V multicast group, one vehicle is the signal transmitting vehicle and the other vehicles are signal receiving vehicles.
The embodiment of the invention further provides a resource allocation device, which is applied to a vehicle networking system, wherein the vehicle networking system comprises a base station and a plurality of vehicle-to-vehicle V2V multicast groups, and the resource allocation device specifically comprises: the arranging module is used for arranging according to the positions of the V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of formation groups, wherein one V2V multicast group comprises a plurality of vehicles, and one formation group comprises a plurality of V2V multicast groups; a multiplexing uplink resource determining module, configured to select, for each formation, a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station; the model determining module is used for determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, and the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relation between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group; a transmission power determining module, configured to perform calculation by using the energy efficiency model, and determine transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, where an objective of the calculation by using the energy efficiency model includes maximizing total energy efficiency; and the allocation module is used for allocating uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminals for each V2V multicast group in the formation.
Optionally, the scheduling module is specifically configured to determine, by the base station, an index number of each V2V multicast group according to an order in which each V2V multicast group enters a signal coverage range of the multicast group; determining a formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the formation total number; the V2V multicast group with the same formation number is determined as a formation.
Optionally, the multiplexing uplink resource determining module is specifically configured to select an un-multiplexed cellular user terminal from cellular user terminals accessing the base station; selecting candidate cellular user terminals from the non-multiplexed cellular user terminals according to the corresponding multiplexing interruption probability of the non-multiplexed cellular user terminals and the average interference suffered by the base station; and selecting the optimal cellular user terminal from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation according to the interference sum of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation.
Optionally, the transmission power determining module is specifically configured to perform loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a set planning algorithm, and determine an optimal transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation; and for each V2V multicast group in the formation, taking the optimal transmission power corresponding to the V2V multicast group as the transmission power of the V2V multicast group.
Alternatively, in a V2V multicast group, one vehicle is the signal transmitting vehicle and the other vehicles are signal receiving vehicles.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the invention, the base station can arrange according to the position of each V2V multicast group to obtain a plurality of formation groups, and then resource allocation is carried out on each formation group; in the process of allocating uplink frequency resources, corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminals can be selected for the formation, and then uplink frequency resources of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminals are allocated for each V2V multicast group in the formation, so that the spectrum utilization rate can be improved; in the process of distributing the transmission power, an energy efficiency model can be adopted to calculate and determine the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, and then the corresponding transmission power is distributed to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the aim of maximizing the total energy efficiency of the formation is taken in the calculation process, and further, the transmission power of each V2V multicast group can be determined under the condition of ensuring the total energy efficiency, so that the energy efficiency and the throughput are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle networking system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a method for allocating resources according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating steps of an alternative embodiment of a resource allocation method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of total energy efficiency versus a different resource allocation algorithm in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another different resource allocation algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to total energy efficiency;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of a resource allocation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The resource allocation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to a vehicle networking system, the vehicle networking system can comprise a base station and vehicles, and a plurality of vehicles can form a V2V multicast group; the process of allocating resources to a plurality of V2V multicast groups by a base station can be described by taking one base station and a plurality of V2V multicast groups corresponding to the base station as an example. The base station not only can provide service for the V2V multicast group, but also can provide service for other vehicles which do not belong to the V2V multicast group, and can also provide service for the cellular user terminal.
When a plurality of vehicles approach each other in the process of driving on a road, a front vehicle can transmit data to a plurality of vehicles within a rear preset distance range in a V2V multicast mode to form a V2V multicast group; wherein, the front vehicle can be called as a sending vehicle, a plurality of vehicles within a preset distance range (which can be regarded as a V2V multicast range) behind the front vehicle can be called as receiving vehicles, and one sending vehicle and a plurality of receiving vehicles can form a V2V multicast group; wherein a V2V multicast group may include a sending vehicle and a plurality of receiving vehicles, and a receiving vehicle may belong to a V2V multicast group. The preset distance can be set according to requirements, and the base station can inform the vehicle of the corresponding preset distance. In the method, since the driving direction and the driving speed of each vehicle are kept unchanged in a certain time, the V2V multicast group can be kept unchanged in a certain time, and the vehicle data in each V2V multicast group is kept unchanged. When a V2V multicast group enters the coverage area of a base station signal, a sending vehicle in the V2V multicast group can report channel information to the base station, where the channel information includes channel information of channels between the sending vehicle and each receiving vehicle; the base station may then receive the channel information and then determine all of the V2V multicast groups to which it corresponds based on the received channel information. As shown in fig. 1, the figure contains 3V 2V multicast groups: V2V multicast group 1, V2V multicast group 2, and V2V multicast group 3, where vehicle 1 is the sending vehicle, vehicles 2, 3, and 4 are the receiving vehicles in V2V multicast group 1, and vehicles 2, 3, and 4 belong to V2V multicast group 1, not to V2V multicast group 2, nor to V2V multicast group 3.
One of the core ideas of the embodiments of the present invention is that, in the process of allocating resources to V2V multicast groups, by dividing a plurality of V2V multicast groups into a plurality of formation groups and allocating uplink frequency resources of the same cellular user terminal to a plurality of V2V multicast groups in each formation group, the frequency utilization rate is improved; and distributing transmission power for each V2V multicast group within the formation under the condition of ensuring the total energy efficiency of the formation, thereby improving the energy efficiency and the throughput.
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a resource allocation method of the present invention is shown, and specifically may include the following steps:
step 201, the base station performs arrangement according to the positions of the V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of formation groups, wherein one V2V multicast group comprises a plurality of vehicles, and one formation group comprises a plurality of V2V multicast groups.
In the embodiment of the present invention, allocating resources for the V2V multicast group includes allocating uplink frequency resources for the V2V multicast group, wherein when allocating uplink frequency resources for the V2V multicast group, a mode of multiplexing uplink frequency resources of the cellular user terminal by the V2V multicast group may be adopted; in order to improve the spectrum utilization rate, the same uplink frequency resource may be allocated to multiple V2V multicast groups, that is, the uplink frequency resource of the same cellular user terminal is allocated to multiple V2V multicast groups, so that the uplink frequency resource of the same cellular user terminal is multiplexed by multiple V2V multicast groups. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, one way to determine multiple V2V multicast groups that multiplex uplink frequency resources of the same cellular user terminal may be to divide all V2V multicast groups into multiple teams by arranging all V2V multicast groups corresponding to a base station; wherein each formation may include a plurality of V2V multicast groups; multiple V2V multicast groups within the same convoy may then be determined as V2V multicast groups that reuse uplink frequency resources of the same cellular user terminal, and different convoys may reuse uplink frequency resources of different cellular user terminals. Of course, a convoy may include only one V2V multicast group, and the number of V2V multicast groups included in the convoy is not limited by the embodiments of the present invention.
A method for allocating resources to a formation is described below by taking the formation as an example, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 202, for each formation, selecting a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from the cellular user terminals accessed to the base station.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after determining multiple V2V multicast groups multiplexing the same uplink frequency resource, it can be determined which cellular user terminal the uplink frequency resource commonly multiplexed by the several V2V multicast groups is, and therefore it is necessary to determine which cellular user terminal's uplink frequency resource is multiplexed by each queue. In the embodiment of the present invention, for each formation, a cellular user terminal (which may be referred to as a multiplexing cellular terminal) that can multiplex uplink frequency resources thereof may be selected for the formation from cellular user terminals that access the base station, for example, a multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation may be determined according to interference of the cellular user terminal on each V2V multicast group in the formation, interference degree of the base station, and the like; each V2V multicast group in each formation multiplexes the uplink frequency resources of the cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation. Wherein, each formation corresponds to different multiplexing cellular user terminals.
And 203, determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, wherein the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relationship between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group.
And 204, calculating by using the energy efficiency model, and determining the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the objective of calculating by using the energy efficiency model includes maximizing total energy efficiency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, allocating resources for the V2V multicast group includes allocating transmission power for the V2V multicast group, where, to improve energy efficiency, the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in each formation may be determined based on total energy efficiency of each formation. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, for each formation, an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation may be determined according to a relationship between total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group; wherein the energy efficiency model can be used to characterize the relationship between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group. Then, the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group in the formation can be determined according to the energy efficiency model, wherein the energy efficiency model can be used for calculation to obtain the transmission power of each V2V multicast group; in the process of calculating by adopting the energy efficiency model, the total energy efficiency of the formation can be maximized as a calculation target, and then the transmission power is distributed under the condition of ensuring the total energy efficiency, so that the energy efficiency and the throughput are improved.
Step 205, allocating uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for each V2V multicast group in the formation.
In turn, the base station may allocate uplink frequency resources for the formation corresponding to the multiplexed cellular user terminals for each V2V multicast group of the formation and allocate corresponding transmit power for each V2V multicast group in the formation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base station can arrange according to the position of each V2V multicast group to obtain a plurality of formation groups, and then resource allocation is carried out on each formation group; in the process of allocating uplink frequency resources, it can be determined that the formation selects a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal, and then uplink frequency resources of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal are allocated to each V2V multicast group in the formation, so that the utilization rate of a frequency spectrum can be improved; in the process of distributing the transmission power, an energy efficiency model can be adopted to calculate and determine the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, and then the corresponding transmission power is distributed to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the aim of maximizing the total energy efficiency of the formation is taken in the calculation process, and further, the transmission power of each V2V multicast group can be determined under the condition of ensuring the total energy efficiency, so that the energy efficiency and the throughput are improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, how to determine to divide the V2V multicast group into a plurality of formation, select a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for each formation, and determine the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in each formation will be described in detail.
Referring to fig. 3, a flowchart illustrating steps of an alternative embodiment of a resource allocation method according to the present invention is shown, which may specifically include the following steps:
step 301, the base station determines the index number of each V2V multicast group according to the sequence of each V2V multicast group entering its signal coverage.
And step 302, determining the queuing number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the total queuing number.
Step 303, determine the V2V multicast group with the same formation number as a formation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base station can allocate corresponding index numbers to each V2V multicast group according to the sequence of each V2V multicast group entering the signal coverage range; for example, as shown in fig. 1, the V2V multicast group 3 is the first to enter the coverage of the bs signal, and may be assigned the corresponding index number 1, the V2V multicast group 2 is the second to enter the coverage of the bs signal, and may be assigned the corresponding index number 2, and the V2V multicast group 1 is the last to enter the coverage of the bs signal, and may be assigned the corresponding index number 3.
Then, the formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group can be determined according to the index number and the total formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group, and then the V2V multicast group with the same formation number is determined as a formation. One way to determine the queuing number corresponding to each V2V multicast group may be to determine the queuing number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by taking the remainder of the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group and the total queuing number; the formation number of each V2V multicast group adopts the following formula:
lindex＝mod(index,G)+1,index∈{1,2,...N}
where index is the index number of the V2V multicast group, lindexThe formation number of the multicast group of V2V, G is the total number of formations, and can be set as 2 according to the requirement, and N is the total number of the multicast groups of V2V in the coverage area of the base station signal.
In an example of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the base station may set the total number N of the V2V multicast group to 3, and if the total number G of the formation is set to 2, the index number index of the V2V multicast group 1 is 3, and the corresponding formation number l is 33Mod (3,2) +1 ═ 2, V2V multicast group 2 index number ═ 2, corresponding queuing number l2Mod (2,)2+1, 1V2V multicast group 3 index 1, corresponding to the enqueue number l1Mod (1,2) +1 — 2. Further, V2V multicast group 3 and V2V multicast group 1 belong to the same formation, i.e., formation with formation number 2, and V2V multicast group 2 belongs to formation with formation number 1. It can be seen that multiple V2V multicast groups in the same formation are spaced apart from each other, so that co-channel interference between multiple V2V multicast groups in the same formation can be reduced.
The following describes a method for allocating resources to each V2V multicast group in a formation in detail, taking a formation as an example, specifically as follows:
step 304, selecting the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed from the cellular user terminals accessed to the base station for each formation;
and 305, selecting candidate cellular user terminals from the non-multiplexed cellular user terminals according to the multiplexing interruption probability corresponding to the non-multiplexed cellular user terminals and the average interference suffered by the base station.
And step 306, selecting the optimal cellular user terminal from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplex cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation according to the interference sum of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation.
In the embodiment of the invention, different multiplexing cellular user terminals can be selected for different formations, so that in the process of selecting the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to each formation, the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed can be selected from the cellular user terminals accessed to the base station, and then an optimal cellular user terminal is selected from the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed to be used as the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation. The optimal cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation may be a cellular user terminal that has the minimum total interference to each V2V multicast group in the formation and has a multiplexing outage probability less than an outage probability threshold under the condition that the base station can bear the maximum interference; and further, the communication quality of the multiplexing cellular user terminal and the V2V multicast group is ensured under the condition that the base station can bear the maximum interference. Wherein the interrupt probability threshold can be set as required.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the candidate cellular user terminals corresponding to the formation may be selected from the non-multiplexed cellular user terminals first, and then the optimal cellular user terminal may be selected from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplexed cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation. In one example of the present invention, one way to select candidate cellular ues may be to select based on the multiplexing outage probability of the non-multiplexed cellular ues and the average interference experienced by the base station.
The multiplexing outage probability corresponding to the cellular user terminal may refer to an outage probability when uplink frequency resources of the cellular user terminal are multiplexed by each V2V multicast group in the formation, and may be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001847756100000101
wherein, Pr { Ri≤R0Indicating the interruption probability of cellular user terminals i which are queued to multiplex uplink frequency resources; riIndicating the rate, R, corresponding to the cellular user terminal i0A minimum rate threshold (which may be set as required) representing a requirement to meet the Quality of Service (QoS) requirement of a cellular user terminal, Li,BAnd hi,BRespectively representing the path loss and small-scale fading of a cellular user terminal i to a base station, K representing the total number of V2V multicast groups in a formation, PjMulticasting for V2VTransmitting power, L, of vehicles in group jj,BAnd hj,BRepresents the path loss and small-scale fading, N, from the sending vehicle to the base station for the V2V multicast group j, respectively0Is the noise power.
Correspondingly, the average interference suffered by the base station may be an average value of interference suffered by the base station from each V2V multicast group in the formation, and may be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001847756100000102
wherein, IaveWhich represents the average interference experienced by the base station,
Figure BDA0001847756100000103
then under the condition of maximum average interference borne by the base station, selecting the cellular user terminal with the multiplexing interruption probability not exceeding the interruption probability threshold as a candidate cellular user terminal; the following constraints can then be obtained:
Figure BDA0001847756100000104
Figure BDA0001847756100000105
wherein, I0Indicating a base station tolerable interference threshold (which may be set as desired), pthIndicating a break probability threshold (which may be set as desired).
Further, a candidate set can be obtained
Figure BDA0001847756100000106
Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001847756100000111
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001847756100000112
including at least one candidate cellular user terminal,
Figure BDA0001847756100000113
the maximum uplink transmit power for the cellular user terminal.
Then, the optimal cellular user terminal can be selected from the candidate cellular user terminals in the candidate set; wherein, the optimal cellular user terminal can be selected according to the sum of the interference of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation. Since the transmission rate in one V2V multicast group is limited to the receiving vehicle farthest from the sending vehicle, the optimal cellular user terminal can be determined according to the candidate cellular user terminals by the sum of the interferences of the receiving vehicles farthest from the sending vehicle in each V2V multicast group in the formation.
Among them, in the V2V multicast group k formed in a formation, the receiving vehicle x farthest from the transmitting vehiclek *Can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001847756100000114
wherein, | XkI is the number of receiving vehicles in the V2V multicast group k, dk,kxThe distance of the sending vehicle of multicast group k to the receiving vehicle x in multicast group k of V2V for V2V.
Then, the candidate cellular user terminal with the smallest interference sum to the receiving vehicle farthest from the sending vehicle in each V2V multicast group in the formation can be selected from the candidate cellular user terminals as the optimal cellular user terminal i*It can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001847756100000115
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001847756100000116
and
Figure BDA0001847756100000117
receiving vehicles in multicast group k for cellular users i to V2V, respectively
Figure BDA0001847756100000118
Path loss and small scale fading.
Optimal cellular user terminal i*Corresponding transmission power Pi*The following formula can be adopted:
Figure BDA0001847756100000119
and 307, determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, wherein the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relation between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group.
And 308, performing loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a set planning algorithm, and determining the optimal transmitting power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the goal of the loop nesting iteration comprises the maximization of total energy efficiency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation may be determined, and the energy efficiency model may be used to characterize a relationship between total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group therein; then, based on the total energy efficiency of the formation, determining the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group in the corresponding formation; wherein the energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001847756100000121
where ee denotes the total energy efficiency of the formation, RtotalFor the sum of the rates, P, of the various V2V multicast groups in the formationsumTotal Power consumed by each V2V multicast group within a convoyAnd, PeThe vehicle's circuit power is sent for V2V,
Figure BDA0001847756100000122
for power amplifier efficiency, SINRkRepresenting the signal-to-noise ratio for multicast group k.
Among them, since the rate of the V2V multicast group is limited to the receiving vehicle of the worst channel conditions in the multicast group, and since multiple V2V multicast groups reuse the same cellular user terminal uplink frequency resource, there is an interfering link between the sending vehicle to base station in the V2V multicast group, the receiving vehicle in the cellular user terminal to V2V multicast group, and a different V2V multicast group reusing the same cellular resource, in addition to the normal communication links between cellular user terminals and base stations, vehicles and vehicles. Therefore, the SINR of the V2V multicast group k in the formationkCan be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001847756100000123
wherein w represents the receiving vehicle with the worst channel condition in the V2V multicast group k; pkIndicating the corresponding transmission power of the transmission vehicle in the V2V multicast group k; l isk,kx、hk,kxThe path loss and small scale fading for the sending vehicle to the receiving vehicle x in V2V multicast group k; l isj,kx、hj,kxPath loss and small scale fading for a sending vehicle of V2V multicast group j to a receiving vehicle x in V2V multicast group k;
Figure BDA0001847756100000131
multiplexing cellular subscribers i for V2V multicast group*Path loss and small scale fading to receiving vehicle x in V2V multicast group k.
Calculating by adopting an energy efficiency model, determining the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group in the formation, and calculating by taking the total energy efficiency corresponding to the optimized formation as a target in the calculation process; wherein, the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation can be adopted to continuously optimize the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation, so as to enable the total energy efficiencyThe method can maximize; wherein, the maximized energy efficiency model can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0001847756100000132
p is the transmit power of the V2V multicast group.
Of course, in maximizing the total energy efficiency, the following constraints can be included: the average interference suffered by the base station is less than the tolerable interference threshold of the base station, and the transmission power of the transmitting vehicle in the V2V multicast group k is less than the maximum transmission power of the vehicle, which can be expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0001847756100000133
Figure BDA0001847756100000134
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0001847756100000135
the maximum transmission power of the vehicle is transmitted for V2V.
And then performing loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a setting and planning algorithm to determine the optimal transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the setting and planning algorithm can be set according to requirements and can comprise a fractional planning algorithm and a d.c. (difference of difference.
The above-mentioned method for calculating the optimal transmit power corresponding to each V2V multicast group for the purpose of maximizing total energy efficiency belongs to a non-convex fractional programming problem, and may be defined as the following function:
Figure BDA0001847756100000136
Figure BDA0001847756100000137
Figure BDA0001847756100000141
wherein q represents a non-negative parameter, F (q, P) and g (P) are both concave functions with respect to P, and F (q, P) is a linearly decreasing function with respect to q and is a d.c. function with respect to P. It can be shown that the original fractal planning problem obtains the optimal solution P*Optimum value of time ee*Q is a unique solution for q with F (q, P) ═ 0*Are equivalent to each other, and q*I.e. the optimal value of the original fractal planning problem.
The method for solving the problem by using the cyclic nesting iteration method of the fractional programming and the D.C. programming (the difference of two concave functions or convex functions) to obtain the optimal transmitting power and the total energy efficiency of the sending vehicles in each V2V multicast group in the formation comprises the following specific steps:
the outer layer type planning iteration steps are as follows:
1) initializing q ═ q0Setting convergence accuracy ε1。
2) Solving the following D.C. planning problem to obtain an optimal solution P*：
Figure RE-GDA0001947588390000142
Figure RE-GDA0001947588390000143
3) Judgment of F (q, P)*)≤ε1Is true. If this formula holds, P*The optimal solution of the original fractal planning problem is obtained; otherwise, go to step 4).
4) Will P*Substitution into
Figure BDA0001847756100000143
And (5) calculating and updating the q value, and turning to the step 2).
The outer iteration step 2) involves a process of solving a d.c. plan, which is a planning problem involving the difference between a target function that can be converted into two convex (concave) functions, and as can be seen from the above equation, F (q, P) is a d.c. function only for the optimization variable P when q is fixed. Since g (p) is a concave function, according to the nature of the convex function, there are:
Figure BDA0001847756100000144
wherein, P(t)Represents the optimal value for the t-th iteration,
Figure BDA0001847756100000145
represents the gradient vector of g (P),<·>the inner product operation is performed.
According to the above equation, the objective function of the above d.c. planning problem can be converted into the following form:
Figure BDA0001847756100000146
wherein, Flower(q, P) represents a lower bound of F (q, P), so that the above d.c. function can be converted to a lower bound of the original d.c. function, and the approximate optimal solution is obtained by maximizing the lower bound. It can be shown that Flower(q, P) is a concave function, and the solving process can be solved by using a convex optimization method.
The iterative steps involved in the inner layer d.c. planning in step 2) above are therefore as follows:
1) initializing t to 0, initializing P(0)Setting convergence accuracy ε2。
2) When q is fixed, solving the following convex optimization problem to obtain an optimal solution P*：
Figure RE-GDA0001947588390000151
Figure RE-GDA0001947588390000152
3) Let t be t +1, P(t+1)＝P*(ii) a Judgment of | Flower(q,P(t+1))-Flower(q,P(t))|≤ε2Whether or not this is true. If this formula holds, P*The optimal solution of the original D.C. planning problem is obtained; otherwise, go to step 2).
And further, the optimal transmission power corresponding to the sending vehicles in each V2V multicast group in the formation can be calculated.
Step 309, regarding each V2V multicast group in the formation, taking the optimal transmission power corresponding to the V2V multicast group as the transmission power of the V2V multicast group.
And 310, allocating uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminals for each V2V multicast group in the formation.
Uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmit power for the respective multiplexed cellular user terminals may then be allocated for each V2V multicast group within the formation.
As an application of the embodiment of the present invention, corresponding application scenarios: the system comprises a vehicle networking system and a cellular user terminal accessing a base station in the vehicle networking system, wherein the application scenario can comprise parameters and corresponding parameter values as shown in table 1:
Figure BDA0001847756100000152
Figure BDA0001847756100000161
TABLE 1
Based on the resource allocation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention (using uplink frequency resources of each group of V2V multicast groups in a formation to multiplex optimal cellular user terminals, and performing power allocation by maximizing total energy efficiency), another resource allocation method may be provided: algorithm 1; the algorithm 1 performs uplink frequency resource allocation according to the method for allocating uplink frequency resources provided by the embodiment of the present invention (that is, allocating uplink frequency resources corresponding to the optimal cellular user terminal for each group of V2V multicast groups in a formation), and performs power allocation according to the geographical location of the V2V multicast group.
Based on table 1, after resource allocation is performed according to the resource allocation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the total energy efficiency of a formation is shown as curve 1 in fig. 4; in fig. 4, curve 2 is the total energy efficiency of a formation after resource allocation according to algorithm 1; curve 3 is the total energy efficiency of a formation after resource allocation according to algorithm 2 (which may be referred to as a channel random selection algorithm, that is, a randomly selected uplink frequency resource corresponding to a cellular user terminal is randomly multiplexed for a formation, and power allocation is performed according to the geographical location of the V2V multicast group). Therefore, the total energy efficiency of the resource allocation method provided by the invention is obviously superior to that of the other two algorithms.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of total energy efficiency of a formation obtained by performing resource allocation according to different algorithms when road vehicle density is constant, wherein a curve 4 is the total energy efficiency of a formation after resource allocation is performed according to the resource allocation method provided by the embodiment of the invention; curve 5 is the total energy efficiency of a formation after resource allocation according to algorithm 1; curve 6 is the total energy efficiency of a formation after resource allocation according to algorithm 2. It can be seen that the total energy efficiency of curve 4 and curve 5 gradually increases and becomes gentle with the increase of the multicast range of V2V, while the total energy efficiency of curve 6 tends to decrease, which indicates that the energy efficiency can be improved by selecting the optimal cellular user terminal as the multiplexing cellular user terminal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base station can arrange according to the position of each V2V multicast group to obtain a plurality of formation groups, and then resource allocation is carried out on each formation group; in the process of allocating uplink frequency resources, it can be determined that the formation selects a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal, and then uplink frequency resources of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal are allocated to each V2V multicast group in the formation, so that the utilization rate of a frequency spectrum can be improved; in the process of distributing the transmission power, an energy efficiency model can be adopted to calculate and determine the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, and then the corresponding transmission power is distributed to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the aim of maximizing the total energy efficiency of the formation is taken in the calculation process, and further, the transmission power of each V2V multicast group can be determined under the condition of ensuring the total energy efficiency, so that the energy efficiency and the throughput are improved.
Secondly, in the process of arranging according to the positions of the V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of queues, determining the index number of each V2V multicast group according to the sequence of each V2V multicast group entering the signal coverage range; determining a formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the total formation number; determining the V2V multicast group with the same formation number as a formation; because a plurality of V2V multicast groups in the same formation multiplex uplink frequency resources of the same cellular user terminal, the formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group is determined by the complementation of the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group and the total formation number, and the V2V multicast groups in one formation are mutually spaced in position, thereby reducing the same frequency interference among the V2V multicast groups.
And thirdly, in the process of calculating by adopting the capacity efficiency model, the embodiment of the invention utilizes the set planning algorithm to carry out the loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model, thereby improving the calculation efficiency and further improving the resource allocation efficiency.
It is noted that, for simplicity of explanation, the method embodiments are described as a series of acts or combination of acts, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the embodiments of the invention. Further, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are presently preferred and that no particular act is required to implement the invention.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a resource distribution device which is applied to the Internet of vehicles system.
Referring to fig. 6, a block diagram of a resource allocation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which may specifically include the following modules:
the arranging module 601 is used for arranging according to the positions of the V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of queues, wherein one V2V multicast group comprises a plurality of vehicles, and one queue comprises a plurality of V2V multicast groups;
a multiplexing uplink resource determining module 602, configured to select, for each formation, a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from the cellular user terminals accessing the base station;
a model determining module 603, configured to determine an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, where the energy efficiency model is used to characterize a relationship between total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group;
a transmission power determining module 604, configured to perform calculation by using the energy efficiency model, and determine transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, where a goal of the calculation by using the energy efficiency model includes maximizing total energy efficiency;
an allocating module 605, configured to allocate, for each V2V multicast group in the formation, an uplink frequency resource and a corresponding transmission power of a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the scheduling module is specifically configured to determine, by the base station, an index number of each V2V multicast group according to an order in which each V2V multicast group enters a signal coverage range thereof; determining a formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the total formation number; the V2V multicast group with the same formation number is determined as a formation.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the multiplexing uplink resource determining module is specifically configured to select an un-multiplexed cellular user terminal from cellular user terminals accessing the base station; selecting candidate cellular user terminals from the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed according to the multiplexing interruption probability corresponding to the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed and the average interference borne by the base station; and selecting the optimal cellular user terminal from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation according to the interference sum of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the transmission power determining module is specifically configured to perform loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a set planning algorithm, and determine an optimal transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation; and for each V2V multicast group in the formation, taking the optimal transmission power corresponding to the V2V multicast group as the transmission power of the V2V multicast group.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, one vehicle in a V2V multicast group is the signal sending vehicle and the other vehicles are the signal receiving vehicles.
In the embodiment of the invention, the base station can arrange according to the position of each V2V multicast group to obtain a plurality of formation groups, and then resource allocation is carried out on each formation group; in the process of allocating uplink frequency resources, it can be determined that the formation selects a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal, and then uplink frequency resources of the corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal are allocated to each V2V multicast group in the formation, so that the utilization rate of a frequency spectrum can be improved; in the process of distributing the transmission power, an energy efficiency model can be adopted to calculate and determine the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, and then the corresponding transmission power is distributed to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the aim of maximizing the total energy efficiency of the formation is taken in the calculation process, and further, the transmission power of each V2V multicast group can be determined under the condition of ensuring the total energy efficiency, so that the energy efficiency and the throughput are improved.
For the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable terminal provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the true scope of the embodiments of the invention.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or end device that comprises the element.
The foregoing detailed description is directed to a resource allocation method and a resource allocation apparatus provided by the present invention, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the foregoing examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A resource allocation method is applied to a vehicle networking system, the vehicle networking system comprises a base station and a plurality of vehicle-to-vehicle V2V multicast groups, and the method comprises the following steps:
the base station carries out arrangement according to the positions of all V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of formation groups, wherein one V2V multicast group comprises one sending vehicle and a plurality of receiving vehicles, and one formation group comprises a plurality of V2V multicast groups;
for each formation, selecting a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station;
determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, wherein the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relation between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group;
calculating by using the energy efficiency model, and determining the transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, wherein the objective of calculating by using the energy efficiency model includes maximizing total energy efficiency;
allocating uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminals for each V2V multicast group in the formation;
wherein the energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation is represented as:
Figure 571896DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
where ee denotes the total energy efficiency of the formation, RtotalFor the sum of the rates of the V2V multicast groups in the formation, PsumSum of power consumed for each V2V multicast group within a formation, PeThe vehicle's circuit power is sent for V2V,
Figure 20195DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
for power amplifier efficiency, SINRkDenotes the signal-to-noise ratio, P, of the multicast group kjFor the transmit power of the sending vehicle in the V2V multicast group, | XkL is the number of receiving vehicles in the V2V multicast group k;
wherein the calculating using the energy efficiency model comprises:
performing loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a set planning algorithm, and determining the optimal transmitting power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation; the set prescribed algorithm comprises a fractional programming algorithm and a differential programming algorithm of a D.C concave (convex) function;
and for each V2V multicast group in the formation, taking the optimal transmission power corresponding to the V2V multicast group as the transmission power of the V2V multicast group.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station arranges for a plurality of queues according to the location of each V2V multicast group, comprising:
the base station determines the index number of each V2V multicast group according to the sequence of each V2V multicast group entering the signal coverage range;
determining a formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the total formation number;
the V2V multicast group with the same formation number is determined as a formation.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting the multiplexing cellular user terminals corresponding to the formation from the cellular user terminals accessing the base station comprises:
selecting an unmultiplexed cellular user terminal from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station;
selecting candidate cellular user terminals from the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed according to the multiplexing interruption probability corresponding to the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed and the average interference borne by the base station;
and selecting the optimal cellular user terminal from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation according to the interference sum of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation.
4. A resource allocation device is applied to a vehicle networking system, the vehicle networking system comprises a base station and a plurality of vehicle-to-vehicle V2V multicast groups, and the device comprises:
the scheduling module is used for performing scheduling according to the positions of the V2V multicast groups to obtain a plurality of queues, wherein one V2V multicast group comprises one sending vehicle and a plurality of receiving vehicles, and one queue comprises a plurality of V2V multicast groups;
a multiplexing uplink resource determining module, configured to select, for each formation, a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for the formation from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station;
the model determining module is used for determining an energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation, and the energy efficiency model is used for representing the relation between the total energy efficiency corresponding to the formation and the corresponding transmission power of each V2V multicast group;
a transmission power determining module, configured to perform calculation by using the energy efficiency model, and determine transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation, where a goal of the calculation by using the energy efficiency model includes maximizing total energy efficiency;
an allocating module, configured to allocate uplink frequency resources and corresponding transmission power of a corresponding multiplexing cellular user terminal for each V2V multicast group in the formation;
wherein the energy efficiency model corresponding to the formation is represented as:
Figure 534353DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；
where ee denotes the total energy efficiency of the formation, RtotalFor the sum of the rates of the V2V multicast groups in the formation, PsumSum of power consumed for each V2V multicast group within a formation, PeThe vehicle's circuit power is sent for V2V,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
for power amplifier efficiency, SINRkIndicating the signal-to-dryness ratio, P, of a multicast groupjFor the transmit power of the sending vehicle in the V2V multicast group, | XkI is the number of receiving vehicles in the V2V multicast group；
The transmission power determining module is used for performing loop nesting iteration on the energy efficiency model by using a set planning algorithm to determine the optimal transmission power corresponding to each V2V multicast group in the formation; the set prescribed algorithm comprises a fractional programming algorithm and a differential programming algorithm of a D.C concave (convex) function; and for each V2V multicast group in the formation, taking the optimal transmission power corresponding to the V2V multicast group as the transmission power of the V2V multicast group.
5. The apparatus of claim 4,
the scheduling module is specifically configured to determine, by the base station, an index number of each V2V multicast group according to an order in which each V2V multicast group enters a signal coverage range thereof; determining a formation number corresponding to each V2V multicast group by complementing the index number corresponding to each V2V multicast group with the total formation number; the V2V multicast group with the same formation number is determined as a formation.
6. The apparatus of claim 4,
the multiplexing uplink resource determining module is specifically configured to select an un-multiplexed cellular user terminal from cellular user terminals accessed to the base station; selecting candidate cellular user terminals from the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed according to the multiplexing interruption probability corresponding to the cellular user terminals which are not multiplexed and the average interference borne by the base station; and selecting the optimal cellular user terminal from the candidate cellular user terminals as the multiplexing cellular user terminal corresponding to the formation according to the interference sum of the candidate cellular user terminals to each V2V multicast group in the formation.
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