CN111132257B - C-V2X communication method and device - Google Patents
C-V2X communication method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111132257B CN111132257B CN201911350945.5A CN201911350945A CN111132257B CN 111132257 B CN111132257 B CN 111132257B CN 201911350945 A CN201911350945 A CN 201911350945A CN 111132257 B CN111132257 B CN 111132257B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- vehicle terminal
- cluster
- terminal
- parameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 241000854291 Dianthus carthusianorum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108700026140 MAC combination Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/246—Connectivity information discovery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/026—Route selection considering the moving speed of individual devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
- H04W40/14—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality based on stability
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/32—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update for defining a routing cluster membership
Abstract
The application provides a C-V2X communication method and device based on a cellular Internet of vehicles communication technology, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for providing efficient data transmission C-V2X service in vehicle-mounted communication. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a first vehicle terminal determines a first-level cluster head in a vehicle cluster, the first-level cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the largest value of a first parameter in the vehicle cluster, the first parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and an adjacent vehicle terminal, and the first-level cluster head is used for forwarding a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster; the first vehicle terminal determines a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a second parameter in the vehicle cluster, the second parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment, and the secondary cluster head is used for forwarding a message transmitted between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster. The application is applied to the Internet of vehicles.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a C-V2X communication method and apparatus.
Background
Cellular to evolution (C-V2X) is an emerging cellular to evolution (V2X) based communication technology. V2X, meaning vehicle to evolution, i.e. the exchange of information from vehicle to outside. The Internet of vehicles establishes a new automobile technology development direction by integrating a global positioning system navigation technology, an automobile-to-automobile communication technology, a wireless communication technology and a remote sensing technology, and realizes the compatibility of manual driving and automatic driving. Compared with the traditional V2X, the C-V2X is one of the main technical routes of V2X at present, and the C-V2X has the advantages of wide coverage range, support of high-density vehicle-mounted networks, smooth signal, capability of providing stable broadcast service and the like, and can meet the open challenge of vehicle-mounted communication service in high-mobility and dense environments.
The current phase C-V2X technology is implemented based on 5G network, still facing many problems such as network disconnection, broadcast storm and MAC protocol contention. It is because of these problems that the C-V2X service has not been able to achieve efficient data transmission in practical in-vehicle communication applications.
Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed in the industry for how to provide the C-V2X service capable of realizing efficient data transmission in the vehicle-mounted communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a C-V2X communication method and a device, which are used for solving the technical problem of how to provide C-V2X service capable of realizing efficient data transmission in vehicle-mounted communication at the present stage.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a C-V2X communication method, which is applied to a first vehicle terminal, where the first vehicle terminal is any one vehicle terminal in a vehicle cluster, and the vehicle cluster includes a plurality of vehicle terminals. The method comprises the following steps: the first vehicle terminal determines a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the first-level cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the largest value of a first parameter in the vehicle cluster, the first parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and an adjacent vehicle terminal, and the first-level cluster head is used for forwarding a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster. The first vehicle terminal determines a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a second parameter in the vehicle cluster, the second parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment, and the secondary cluster head is used for forwarding a message transmitted between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster.
Based on the technical scheme, in the vehicle cluster, the first vehicle terminal can determine a first-level cluster head and a second-level cluster head, the first-level cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the optimal communication condition with other vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster, and the second-level cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the optimal communication condition with the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster. Therefore, when a vehicle terminal of the vehicle cluster requests to transmit data with the outside, the data transmission request is firstly sent to the primary cluster head, the primary cluster head sends the data transmission request to the secondary cluster head, and the secondary cluster head sends the data transmission request to the access network equipment to interact with the outside, so that data transmission is finally realized. In this way, each time the vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster want to perform data transmission with the outside, efficient data transmission service can be achieved through an optimal communication path.
In one possible design, the first vehicle terminal determines a first-level cluster head in a cluster of vehicles, and the method further includes: the first vehicle terminal determines a first parameter corresponding to the first vehicle terminal. The first vehicle terminal receives a first broadcast message sent by a second vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster, the first broadcast message comprises a leader value corresponding to the second vehicle terminal, and the second vehicle terminal is other vehicle terminals except the first vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster. The first vehicle terminal determines a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the first parameter corresponding to each vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster.
In one possible design, the first vehicle terminal determines a first parameter value corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, and the method further includes: the first vehicle terminal determines a relative speed factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, and the relative speed factor is used for reflecting the speed change condition of the second vehicle relative to the first vehicle. The first vehicle terminal determines a k connectivity factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, wherein the k connectivity factor is used for reflecting the connectivity and stability of the first vehicle and the second vehicle. The first vehicle terminal determines a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, the link reliability factor reflecting a probability that a direct communication link between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is available over a period of time. And the first vehicle terminal determines a first parameter value corresponding to the first vehicle terminal according to the relative speed factor, the k connectivity factor and the link reliability factor.
In one possible design, the method further includes: and when the first vehicle terminal is a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the first vehicle terminal sends a second broadcast message, wherein the second broadcast message is used for indicating that the first vehicle terminal is the first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
In one possible design, the first vehicle terminal determines a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, and the method further includes: and the first vehicle terminal receives a third broadcast message sent by the access network equipment, wherein the third broadcast message comprises the identification of the secondary cluster head.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a vehicle terminal, which is applied to a first vehicle, where the first vehicle is any one vehicle in a vehicle cluster, the vehicle cluster includes a plurality of vehicles, and the vehicle terminal includes: the processing module is used for determining a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the first-level cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a first parameter in the vehicle cluster, and the first parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and an adjacent vehicle terminal; the method is used for determining a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, wherein the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a second parameter in the vehicle cluster, and the second parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment. The sending module is used for forwarding a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster; the method is used for forwarding messages transmitted between the vehicle terminals and the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster.
In one possible design, the vehicle terminal further includes a receiving module. The receiving module is used for receiving a first broadcast message sent by a second vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster, the first broadcast message comprises a leader value corresponding to the second vehicle terminal, and the second vehicle terminal is other vehicle terminals except the first vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster. The processing module is further used for determining a first parameter corresponding to the first vehicle terminal. The processing module is further used for determining a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the first parameters corresponding to the vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster.
In one possible design, the processing module is further configured to determine a relative speed factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the relative speed factor is used to reflect a speed change of the second vehicle relative to the first vehicle. And the processing module is further used for determining a k connectivity factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, wherein the k connectivity factor is used for reflecting the connectivity and stability of the first vehicle and the second vehicle. And the processing module is further used for determining a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, wherein the link reliability factor is used for reflecting the probability that the direct communication link between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is available within a period of time.
In one possible design, the sending module is further configured to send a second broadcast message, where the second broadcast message is used to indicate that the first vehicle terminal is a primary cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
In a possible design, the receiving module is further configured to receive a third broadcast message sent by the access network device, where the third broadcast message includes an identifier of the secondary cluster head.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a vehicle terminal comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is coupled to a processor for executing a computer program or instructions for implementing the C-V2X communication method as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the C-V2X communication method described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of C-V2X communication as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions to implement the C-V2X communication method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a C-V2X communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another vehicle terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A/B may be understood as A or B.
The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order of the objects. For example, the first edge service node and the second edge service node are used for distinguishing different edge service nodes, and are not used for describing the characteristic sequence of the edge service nodes.
Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, as referred to in the description of the present application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not limited to the listed steps or modules but may alternatively include other steps or modules not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "e.g.," is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, some technical terms are described below.
1. Cellular internet of vehicles communication technology
Cellular to evolution (C-V2X) is an emerging cellular to evolution (V2X) based communication technology. Compared with the traditional V2X, the C-V2X has the advantages of wide coverage range, high-density vehicle-mounted network support, smooth signal, stable broadcast service and the like, and can meet the open challenge of vehicle-mounted communication service in high-mobility and dense environments.
According to the concept, the C-V2X technology can be regarded as a general term of a series of vehicle-mounted communication technologies, including: enabling direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication, such as advance warning; the communication between the automobile and the pedestrian ensures the safety of the pedestrian; communications between the automobile and the road infrastructure, such as traffic lights, traffic signs, parking locations, etc.; and the vehicle communicates with the cloud through the mobile network.
C-V2X is the only V2X technology with a clear 5G evolution path, and not only supports the existing LTE-V2X application, but also supports the brand new application of the future 5G-V2X. Based on a powerful 3GPP ecosystem and continuous and perfect cellular network coverage, the method can greatly reduce the cost of automatic driving and vehicle networking deployment in the future.
2. Relative velocity factor
The Relative Velocity Factor (RVF) is used for reflecting the relative velocity change between vehicles, and is an important factor influencing the communication between vehicle terminals in a vehicle cluster. At a vehicle speed ViVehicle speed V of running vehiclejThe speed of the moving vehicle is referred to as the relative speed. When the vehicle speed V is reachediWhen the vehicle terminal of the running vehicle receives the messages of the other N vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster, the relative speed factor calculation method comprises the following steps:
in the above formula, μ represents the average speed of each of the N vehicles. The larger the RVF value is, the larger the change of the relative speed of other N vehicles in the vehicle cluster relative to the vehicle is represented; the smaller the RVF value is, the smaller the change of the relative speed of other N vehicles in the vehicle cluster relative to the vehicle is represented.
In the present application, the vehicle terminal periodically calculates the RVF, and also recalculates the RVF in case of a sudden speed change.
3. K-connectivity factor
The K-connectivity factor (KCF) is used to reflect connectivity and stability of communications between vehicles in the vehicle cluster.
In a communication network, a network is said to be k-connected if the abstraction of any (k-1) intermediate nodes does not disconnect the network. The vehicle connection depends on the transmission range R and the spatial density ρ of the vehicle. At least K vehicles are arranged on the road sectioniThe probability of upper interconnection is Pc, and the K-connectivity factor is calculated as follows:
in the above formula, fs (R) means a distribution function of the vehicle pitch within the R transmission range. N is the sum of the vehicles, K represents the number of vehicles interconnected on the section s at time t, and ρ represents the spatial density of the vehicles in the cluster of vehicles. The larger the value of KCF, the higher the connectivity and stability of the communication between the vehicles in the vehicle cluster; the smaller the value of KCF, the lower the connectivity and stability of the communication between vehicles in the vehicle cluster.
4. Link reliability factor
A Link Reliability Factor (LRF) is used to reflect the probability that a direct communication link between two vehicles is available within a certain time period t. Assuming that the relative velocity between two vehicles is V and follows a gaussian distribution N (μ, α 2), the probability density function calculation method for characterizing the link reliability factor is as follows:
the larger the value of LRF, the higher the probability that a direct communication link between vehicles in the cluster of vehicles is available; the smaller the value of LRF, the lower the probability that a direct communication link representing communication between vehicles in the cluster of vehicles is available.
5. Q-Learning algorithm
The Q-Learning algorithm is a value-based algorithm in a reinforcement Learning algorithm, wherein Q is Q (S, a), namely in the S State (S belongs to S) at a certain moment, the expectation that the profit can be obtained by taking the Action a (a belongs to A) is taken, and the environment can feed back corresponding rewarded according to the Action of agent, so the main idea of the algorithm is to construct a Q table by State and Action to store a Q value, and then the Action capable of obtaining the maximum profit is selected according to the Q value.
TABLE 1Q-value Table
| Q-Table | a1 | a2 |
| s1 | q(s1,a1) | q(s1,a2) |
| s2 | q(s2,a1) | q(s2,a2) |
| s3 | q(s3,a1) | q(s3,a2) |
In the present application, the algorithm for discovering the gateway of the access network device by using the Q-Learning algorithm is as follows:
as a result: access network equipment gateway
6. Vehicle terminal
The vehicle terminal may be a terminal device with a wireless transceiving function, which is installed on a vehicle. The system has multiple functions of integrated positioning, communication, automobile traveling data recorder and the like, and simultaneously has a strong service scheduling function and data processing capability.
The technical solution provided by the present application is specifically explained below with reference to the drawings of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, a C-V2X communication method provided for the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
s101, the first vehicle terminal determines a first-level cluster head in a vehicle cluster.
The first-level cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest first parameter value in the vehicle cluster. The first parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the adjacent vehicle terminal. The first-level cluster head is used for forwarding a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the first vehicle terminal determines the first parameter according to a relative speed factor, a K-connectivity factor, and a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal. The second vehicle is any one of the vehicles except the first vehicle in the vehicle cluster.
(1) The first vehicle terminal acquires a relative speed factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, and the relative speed factor is used for reflecting the speed change condition of the second vehicle relative to the first vehicle. Then, the first vehicle terminal converts the relative speed factor into a fuzzy value, and the fuzzy value range of the relative speed factor is as follows: low, Medium, Fast.
Illustratively, the first vehicle terminal presets three speed value intervals, such as 0-20 km/h, 20-40 km/h and 40-60 km/h, corresponding to Low, Medium and Fast respectively. If the calculation result of the relative speed factor is 10km/h, the fuzzy value of the calculation result is Low.
It is understood that the fuzzy value conversion method of the following two factors is similar to the fuzzy value conversion method of the relative speed factor, and will not be described in detail later.
(2) The first vehicle terminal obtains a k connectivity factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, and the k connectivity factor is used for reflecting the connectivity and stability of the first vehicle and the second vehicle. And then, the first vehicle terminal converts the k connectivity factor into a fuzzy value, and the fuzzy value range of the k connectivity factor is as follows: good, Fair, Poor.
(3) The first vehicle terminal obtains a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, and the link reliability factor is used for reflecting the probability of availability of a direct communication link between the first vehicle and a second vehicle within a period of time. And then, the first vehicle terminal converts the link reliability factor into a fuzzy value, and the fuzzy value range of the link reliability factor is as follows: unreusable, Rereusable, Most-reusable.
Optionally, the first vehicle terminal determines a value of the first parameter according to the relative speed factor, the K-connectivity factor, and the fuzzy value of the link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, through a fuzzy rule table shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 fuzzy rule Table
It can be understood that, as shown in table 1, the value grade of the first parameter is from high to low: perfect, Good, Unpserable, Acceptable, Bad, Unpserable, Very Bad.
Optionally, the first vehicle terminal receives a first broadcast message sent by the second vehicle terminal. The first broadcast message comprises a first parameter corresponding to the second vehicle terminal. The first vehicle terminal compares the first parameter corresponding to the first vehicle terminal with the first parameter corresponding to the second vehicle terminal, and judges the size relationship between the first parameter corresponding to the first vehicle terminal and the first parameter corresponding to the second vehicle terminal.
It can be understood that the first vehicle terminal also receives first broadcast information of other vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster except the second vehicle terminal, obtains a first parameter of the other vehicle terminals in the first broadcast information, and finally determines that the vehicle terminal with the highest value of the first parameter is a first-level cluster head.
It should be noted that, when there are a plurality of vehicle terminals with the highest first parameter values, the first vehicle terminal randomly selects one vehicle terminal from the plurality of vehicle terminals with the highest first parameter values as a primary cluster head.
Optionally, when the first vehicle terminal determines that the first vehicle terminal is a first-stage cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the first vehicle terminal sends a second broadcast message, where the second broadcast message is used to indicate that the first vehicle terminal is the first-stage cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
It can be understood that when other vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster except the first vehicle terminal determine that the vehicle terminal is a primary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the other vehicle terminals also send a second broadcast message, where the second broadcast message is used to indicate that the other vehicle terminals are the primary cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, a vehicle list of the vehicle cluster is stored in the first vehicle terminal. The vehicle list comprises vehicle terminal identifications of all vehicles in the vehicle cluster. And the first vehicle terminal updates the vehicle list every time a vehicle joins or leaves the vehicle cluster, and then the first vehicle terminal determines the primary cluster head again.
S102, the first vehicle terminal determines a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
And the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of the second parameter in the vehicle cluster. The second parameter is used for characterizing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment. The second-level cluster head is used for forwarding messages transmitted between the vehicle terminals and the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the first vehicle terminal receives third broadcast information sent by the access network device. Wherein the third broadcast information includes an identification of the secondary cluster head.
It can be understood that the first vehicle terminal determines the secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the identification of the secondary cluster head in the third broadcast information.
Optionally, the access network device determines a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the second parameter of each vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster. The access network device then transmits the third broadcast information to the first vehicle terminal. And the secondary cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the maximum value of the second parameter in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the access network device calculates a second parameter of each vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster according to a Q-Learning algorithm. And the second parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment.
It should be noted that the larger the value of the second parameter is, the better the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network device corresponding to the second parameter is; the smaller the value of the second parameter is, the worse the communication condition between the vehicle terminal corresponding to the second parameter and the access network device is.
Optionally, the access network device calculates a Q value of each vehicle terminal through a Q-Learning algorithm, and uses the Q value as a second parameter.
Optionally, the access network device stores a vehicle list of the vehicle cluster. The vehicle list comprises vehicle terminal identifications of all vehicles in the vehicle cluster. And the access network equipment updates the vehicle list every time a vehicle joins or leaves the vehicle cluster, and then the access network equipment determines the secondary cluster head again.
S103, the first vehicle terminal determines a first gateway.
The first gateway is an optimal gateway for data transmission between the vehicle terminal and an external network. The first gateway is used for data transmission between the vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster and an external network.
Optionally, the first vehicle terminal receives fourth broadcast information sent by the access network device. Wherein the fourth broadcast information comprises an identification of the first gateway.
It can be understood that the first vehicle terminal determines the first gateway for data transmission with the external network according to the identifier of the first gateway in the fourth broadcast message.
Optionally, the access network device determines the first gateway according to the shortest path for data transmission with the secondary cluster head.
Optionally, after determining the secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the access network device plans the shortest path for data transmission with the secondary cluster head. The access network equipment plans the shortest path for data transmission with the secondary cluster head according to the following algorithm:
optionally, the access network device stores a vehicle list of the vehicle cluster. The vehicle list comprises vehicle terminal identifications of all vehicles in the vehicle cluster. The access network device updates the list of vehicles each time a vehicle joins or leaves the vehicle cluster, after which the access network device re-determines the first gateway.
Based on the technical scheme, in the vehicle cluster, the first vehicle terminal can determine a first-level cluster head and a second-level cluster head, the first-level cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the optimal communication condition with other vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster, and the second-level cluster head is the vehicle terminal with the optimal communication condition with the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster. In this way, each time the vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster want to perform data transmission with the outside, efficient data transmission service can be achieved through an optimal communication path.
For example, the communication situation of a vehicle cluster can be divided into the following:
(1) when the vehicle cluster is in intercom.
In case 1, the current vehicle terminal a is a primary cluster head, and requests to communicate with the vehicle terminal B.
The vehicle terminal a communicates directly with the vehicle terminal B.
And 2, the current vehicle terminal A is not a primary cluster head, and requests to communicate with the vehicle terminal B.
The vehicle terminal A sends a message requesting communication with the vehicle terminal B to the primary cluster head, and then the primary cluster head forwards the message to the vehicle terminal B, so that the vehicle terminal A and the vehicle terminal B can communicate.
(2) When the vehicle terminals in the vehicle cluster communicate with the outside.
And in case 3, the current vehicle terminal A is a secondary cluster head and requests to communicate with the outside.
The vehicle terminal A sends a message requesting for communication with the outside to the access network equipment, and the access network equipment receives the message, so that the vehicle terminal A can communicate with the outside.
And 4, the current vehicle terminal A is a primary cluster head and requests to communicate with the outside.
The vehicle terminal A sends a message requesting for communication with the outside to the secondary cluster head, then the secondary cluster head forwards the message to the access network equipment, and the access network equipment receives the message, so that the vehicle terminal A can communicate with the outside.
And 5, the current vehicle terminal A is not a primary cluster head and is not a secondary cluster head, and requests to communicate with the outside.
The vehicle terminal A sends a message requesting for communication with the outside to the first-level cluster head, then the first-level cluster head forwards the message to the second-level cluster head, the second-level cluster head forwards the message to the access network equipment, and the access network equipment receives the message, so that the vehicle terminal A can communicate with the outside.
In the embodiment of the present application, the vehicle terminal may be divided into the functional modules or the functional modules according to the above method examples, for example, each functional module or functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware form, and can also be realized in a software functional module or a functional module form. The modules or the division of the modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and only one logic function division is performed, and another division manner may be used in actual implementation.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a possible structure of a vehicle terminal according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
the processing module 101 is configured to determine a first-level cluster head in a vehicle cluster, where the first-level cluster head is a vehicle terminal with a largest value of a first parameter in the vehicle cluster, and the first parameter is used to represent a communication situation between the vehicle terminal and an adjacent vehicle terminal; the method is used for determining a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, wherein the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a second parameter in the vehicle cluster, and the second parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment.
The sending module 102 is configured to forward a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster; the method is used for forwarding messages transmitted between the vehicle terminals and the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the vehicle terminal further comprises a receiving module 103. The receiving module 103 is configured to receive a first broadcast message sent by a second vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster, where the first broadcast message includes a leader value corresponding to the second vehicle terminal, and the second vehicle terminal is another vehicle terminal except the first vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the processing module 101 is further configured to determine a first parameter corresponding to the first vehicle terminal. The processing module 101 is further configured to determine a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the first parameter corresponding to each vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the processing module 101 is further configured to determine a relative speed factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the relative speed factor is used to reflect a speed change condition of the second vehicle relative to the first vehicle.
Optionally, the processing module 101 is further configured to determine a k connectivity factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the k connectivity factor is used to reflect connectivity and stability between the first vehicle and the second vehicle.
Optionally, the processing module 101 is further configured to determine a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the link reliability factor is used to reflect a probability that a direct communication link between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is available within a period of time.
Optionally, the sending module 102 is further configured to send a second broadcast message, where the second broadcast message is used to indicate that the first vehicle terminal is a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
Optionally, the receiving module 103 is further configured to receive a third broadcast message sent by the access network device, where the third broadcast message includes an identifier of the secondary cluster head.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of another possible structure of a vehicle terminal according to an embodiment of the present application includes:
a processor 202 for controlling and managing the motion of the vehicle terminal, e.g., performing the steps performed by the processing module 101 described above, and/or other processes for performing the techniques described herein.
The processor 202 may be various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described above that implement or perform the functions described in connection with the disclosure. The processor may be a central processing unit, general purpose processor, digital signal processor, application specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. The processor may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, DSPs, and microprocessors, among others.
Optionally, the vehicle terminal may further include a communication interface 203, a memory 201, and a bus 204, where the communication interface 203 is used to support communication of the vehicle terminal with other network entities. The memory 201 is used to store program codes and data of the vehicle terminal.
Wherein the memory 201 may be a memory in a vehicle terminal, which may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory, flash memory, a hard disk, or a solid state disk; the memory may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
The bus 204 may be an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus or the like. The bus 204 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 3, but this does not mean only one bus or one type of bus.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely used as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions. For the specific working processes of the system, the apparatus, and the module described above, reference may be made to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
Embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method for identifying a node of an internet of things according to the foregoing method embodiments.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the network device executes the instructions, the network device executes each step executed by the network device in the method flow shown in the foregoing method embodiment.
The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, and a hard disk. Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), registers, a hard disk, an optical fiber, a portable Compact disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any other form of computer-readable storage medium, in any suitable combination, or as appropriate in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium may also be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). In embodiments of the present application, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A communication method of a cellular Internet of vehicles communication technology C-V2X is characterized in that the method is applied to a first vehicle terminal, wherein the first vehicle terminal is any one vehicle terminal in a vehicle cluster, and the vehicle cluster comprises a plurality of vehicle terminals; the method comprises the following steps:
the first vehicle terminal determines a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster, wherein the first-level cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a first parameter in the vehicle cluster, the first parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and an adjacent vehicle terminal, and the first-level cluster head is used for forwarding a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster;
the first vehicle terminal determines a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, wherein the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with a largest value of a second parameter in the vehicle cluster, the second parameter is used for representing a communication condition between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment, and the secondary cluster head is used for forwarding a message transmitted between the vehicle terminal and the access network equipment in the vehicle cluster;
the first vehicle terminal determines a first parameter value corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, and the determining includes:
the first vehicle terminal determines a relative speed factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, wherein the relative speed factor is used for reflecting the speed change condition of a second vehicle relative to the first vehicle;
the relative speed factor calculation method is as follows:
where μ denotes an average speed, V, of each of the N vehiclesiRepresenting the vehicle speed, and K representing the number of vehicles in the vehicle cluster;
the first vehicle terminal determines a k connectivity factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, wherein the k connectivity factor is used for reflecting the connectivity and stability of the first vehicle and the second vehicle;
the k connectivity factor is calculated as follows:
where Pc represents the probability that k vehicles are connected to each other on the section i, R represents the transmission range, ρ represents the vehicle spatial density in the vehicle cluster, fs (R) represents the distribution function of the vehicle spacing within the transmission range of R, and k represents the number of vehicles connected to each other on the section s at time t;
the first vehicle terminal determining a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, the link reliability factor being used to reflect a probability that a direct communication link between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is available within a period of time;
the probability density function calculation method for characterizing the link reliability factor is as follows:
where v represents the relative velocity between two vehicles and follows a gaussian distribution N (μ, α 2);
and the first vehicle terminal determines a first parameter value corresponding to the first vehicle terminal according to the relative speed factor, the k connectivity factor and the link reliability factor.
2. The C-V2X communication method of claim 1, wherein the first vehicle terminal determining a primary cluster head in the cluster of vehicles comprises:
the first vehicle terminal receives a first broadcast message sent by a second vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster, wherein the first broadcast message comprises a first parameter corresponding to the second vehicle terminal, and the second vehicle terminal is other vehicle terminals except the first vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster;
and the first vehicle terminal determines a first-stage cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the first parameter corresponding to each vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster.
3. The C-V2X communication method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method further comprises:
and when the first vehicle terminal is the first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster, the first vehicle terminal sends a second broadcast message, wherein the second broadcast message is used for indicating that the first vehicle terminal is the first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
4. The C-V2X communication method of claim 1, wherein the first vehicle terminal determining a secondary cluster head in the cluster of vehicles comprises:
and the first vehicle terminal receives a third broadcast message sent by the access network equipment, wherein the third broadcast message comprises the identifier of the secondary cluster head.
5. The vehicle terminal is applied to a first vehicle, wherein the first vehicle is any one vehicle in a vehicle cluster, and the vehicle cluster comprises a plurality of vehicles; the vehicle terminal comprises a processing module and a sending module;
the processing module is configured to determine a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster, where the first-level cluster head is a vehicle terminal with a largest value of a first parameter in the vehicle cluster, and the first parameter is used to represent a communication situation between the vehicle terminal and an adjacent vehicle terminal; the method comprises the steps of determining a secondary cluster head in the vehicle cluster, wherein the secondary cluster head is a vehicle terminal with the largest value of a second parameter in the vehicle cluster, and the second parameter is used for representing the communication condition between the vehicle terminal and access network equipment;
the sending module is used for forwarding a message sent by one vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster to another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster; the system comprises a vehicle cluster, a network access device and a vehicle terminal, wherein the vehicle cluster is used for transmitting a message transmitted between the vehicle terminal and the network access device in the vehicle cluster;
the processing module is further configured to determine a first parameter corresponding to the first vehicle terminal;
the processing module is further configured to determine a relative speed factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the relative speed factor is used to reflect a speed change situation of a second vehicle relative to the first vehicle;
the relative speed factor calculation method is as follows:
where μ denotes an average speed, V, of each of the N vehiclesiRepresenting the vehicle speed, and K representing the number of vehicles in the vehicle cluster;
the processing module is further configured to determine a k connectivity factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the k connectivity factor is used to reflect connectivity and stability of the first vehicle and the second vehicle;
the k connectivity factor is calculated as follows:
where Pc represents the probability that k vehicles are connected to each other on the section i, R represents the transmission range, ρ represents the vehicle spatial density in the vehicle cluster, fs (R) represents the distribution function of the vehicle spacing within the transmission range of R, and k represents the number of vehicles connected to each other on the section s at time t;
the processing module is further configured to determine a link reliability factor corresponding to the first vehicle terminal, where the link reliability factor is used to reflect a probability that a direct communication link between the first vehicle and the second vehicle is available within a period of time;
the probability density function calculation method for characterizing the link reliability factor is as follows:
where v represents the relative velocity between two vehicles and follows a gaussian distribution N (μ, α 2);
the processing module is further configured to determine, by the first vehicle terminal, a first parameter value corresponding to the first vehicle terminal according to the relative speed factor, the k connectivity factor, and the link reliability factor.
6. The vehicle terminal of claim 5, further comprising a receiving module;
the receiving module is configured to receive a first broadcast message sent by a second vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster, where the first broadcast message includes a first parameter corresponding to the second vehicle terminal, and the second vehicle terminal is another vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster except the first vehicle terminal;
the processing module is further configured to determine a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster according to the first parameter corresponding to each vehicle terminal in the vehicle cluster.
7. The vehicle terminal according to claim 5 or 6,
the sending module is further configured to send a second broadcast message, where the second broadcast message is used to indicate that the first vehicle terminal is a first-level cluster head in the vehicle cluster.
8. The vehicle terminal of claim 5, further comprising a receiving module;
the receiving module is configured to receive a third broadcast message sent by the access network device, where the third broadcast message includes an identifier of the secondary cluster head.
9. A vehicle terminal, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is coupled to the processor, which is configured to execute a computer program or instructions to implement the C-V2X communication method of any of claims 1-4.
10. A computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the C-V2X communication method of any one of claims 1-4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911350945.5A CN111132257B (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | C-V2X communication method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911350945.5A CN111132257B (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | C-V2X communication method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111132257A CN111132257A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
| CN111132257B true CN111132257B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
Family
ID=70502185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911350945.5A Active CN111132257B (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | C-V2X communication method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111132257B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018177548A1 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Radio system with uplink beacon transmission |
| WO2022170576A1 (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Communication method and apparatus |
| CN113115262A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-07-13 | 海信集团控股股份有限公司 | Bus data transmission method and device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106792977A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-31 | 南通大学 | Double cluster head method for routing based on traffic density in vehicular ad hoc network |
| CN109769225A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-17 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | A kind of vehicle is to vehicle V2V communication means, the network equipment and terminal |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3376249A1 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-19 | Veoneer Sweden AB | Enhanced object position detection |
| CN107333314B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-10-29 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of building of wireless sense network cluster and its cluster head update method |
| CN108882329B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-06-19 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Clustering method and device |
| CN110225452B (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-07-06 | 广东工业大学 | Running vehicle communication method, device and medium based on clustering routing protocol |
-
2019
- 2019-12-24 CN CN201911350945.5A patent/CN111132257B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106792977A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-31 | 南通大学 | Double cluster head method for routing based on traffic density in vehicular ad hoc network |
| CN109769225A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-17 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | A kind of vehicle is to vehicle V2V communication means, the network equipment and terminal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111132257A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111132257B (en) | C-V2X communication method and device | |
| Yaqoob et al. | Congestion avoidance through fog computing in internet of vehicles | |
| CN108064062B (en) | Cross-base-station information processing method and device | |
| US11228869B2 (en) | Roadway communication system with multicast | |
| Picone et al. | Advanced technologies for intelligent transportation systems | |
| US20030120826A1 (en) | System and method for building a communication platform for the telematics domain using a distribution of network objects | |
| CN108024283B (en) | Resource pool allocation method and device | |
| Chen et al. | BIG-CCA: Beacon-less, infrastructure-less, and GPS-less cooperative collision avoidance based on vehicular sensor networks | |
| Meneguette et al. | SERVitES: An efficient search and allocation resource protocol based on V2V communication for vehicular cloud | |
| CN110366854A (en) | Vehicle communication | |
| CN106031198A (en) | Method, device and system for scheduling network node data | |
| Yadav et al. | Secure and reliable routing protocols for VANETs | |
| Seth et al. | A taxonomy and analysis on Internet of Vehicles: Architectures, protocols, and challenges | |
| Stellwagen et al. | Hybrid vehicle-to-x communication network by using its-g5 and lte-v2x | |
| KR20150053687A (en) | Method for transmitting packet in vehicle communication network | |
| CN104796863A (en) | Method and system for forwarding information in vehicle multi-hop communication | |
| Kwon | Improving multi-channel wave-based V2X communication to support advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) | |
| CN103227835A (en) | Vehicle networking system and data backup method thereof | |
| CN103227834A (en) | Vehicle networking system and data backup method thereof | |
| Kathiriya et al. | Review on V2R Communication in VANET | |
| CN112233449A (en) | Vehicle position obtaining method and system, bus-mounted terminal and bus stop board system | |
| CN113242533A (en) | Driving environment information acquisition method and vehicle-mounted equipment | |
| KR101679275B1 (en) | Method and appartus for setting up routing path in vanet environment | |
| Vasilchenkova | Message relay between short-range radio devices in traffic flow | |
| CN112788692A (en) | Communication method and device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |