CN111132002B - Long-distance access method based on LTE wireless communication technology - Google Patents
Long-distance access method based on LTE wireless communication technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of LTE wireless communication, and particularly relates to a long-distance access method based on an LTE wireless communication technology, which comprises the following steps: step 1, storing LTE base station position information and cell information in a terminal; step 2, the terminal calculates the space linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station by using the acquired information; and 3, calculating a timing advance value after calculating the round-trip delay time by using the space linear distance. The technical scheme of the invention realizes the covering and access process of the LTE cell at an ultra-long distance, and can ensure that the LTE system obtains the maximum covering effect by using smaller time-frequency resource overhead.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of LTE wireless communication, and particularly relates to a long-distance access method based on an LTE wireless communication technology.
Background
An lte (long Term evolution) wireless communication technology has been widely deployed globally due to its characteristics of high data transmission rate, high spectrum efficiency, and the like, and is applied to various fields and scenes. Some areas of LTE application, such as ground-to-air communication, i.e. communication between a ground base station and an air plane, have high requirements on the distance to which a terminal can be accessed, such as requiring that the plane still can access the base station at 130KM or even further. This is difficult to be realized by conventional LTE base stations and terminals, and the preamble formats and supported cell radii of each PRACH (physical random access channel) in LTE under the 3GPP specifications are shown in table 1.
Table 1 PRACH preamble format and cell radius table
| Preamble formats | Tcp(Cyclic Prefix Length) | Tseq(sequence Length) | GT (guard interval) | Radius of |
| Format | ||||
| 0 | 3168Ts | 24576Ts | 2976Ts | 14.5 |
| Format | ||||
| 1 | 21024Ts | 24576Ts | 15840Ts | 77km |
| Format 2 | 6240Ts | 2·24576Ts | | 30km |
| Format | ||||
| 3 | 21024Ts | 2·24576Ts | 21984Ts | 100km |
| Format 4 | 448Ts | 4096Ts | 614Ts | 2km |
As can be seen from table 1, the factors limiting the coverage radius of the LTE base station cell are related to the cyclic prefix length of the PRACH preamble and the guard interval configuration. PRACH format preamble format 1, format 2, format 3 support a larger cell radius than format 0, but this is traded for adding an extra cyclic prefix and guard interval time. Especially, preamble format 3, occupies the transmission time of 3 subframes (format 0 is 1 subframe), and the extra time is used for transmitting the PRACH preamble, which means that the resource for data transmission is reduced and the throughput rate is lowered.
For example, chinese patent application No. 201710310197.2 discloses a random access dual-window detection algorithm for LTE super large cells, which applies a dual-window method to detect in the process of random access preamble detection, and if the first window correlation peak does not exceed the threshold, applies the second window to perform detection decision, thereby supporting 200Km random access detection. Although the algorithm can theoretically improve the detection time delay value of the random access preamble, the invention does not consider the problem that the detection performance is seriously reduced due to the fact that a PRACH (physical random access channel) with large time delay cannot be sampled to the preamble of the whole period, and also cannot solve the problem of receiving and transmitting overlapping caused by the fact that the uplink timing of a terminal exceeds the uplink and downlink switching Gap of a TDD (time division duplex) timing sequence in advance due to the large time delay under the coverage of 200 KM.
Also, for example, chinese patent application No. 201710286042.X discloses a LTE ultra-long distance coverage random access method based on GPS assistance, in which before a terminal sends a random access preamble, a distance is calculated using GPS location information of a base station and the terminal, and a radio signal transmission time corresponding to the distance is compensated to a transmission advance of a PRACH preamble, thereby increasing cell coverage. The method can actually improve the cell coverage in certain application scenes, but has obvious defects, the distance calculation from the base station to the terminal is carried out through two-dimensional coordinate information (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the influence of height on the distance is not considered, and the method cannot be applied to the scenes such as ground-air communication and the like; secondly, the distance calculation is accurate to 16Ts, no protection amount is set, and the method is also not applicable to the problem of symbol truncation in PRACH preamble detection in a scene where a base station or a terminal moves at a high speed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a long-distance access method based on an LTE wireless communication technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the long-distance access method comprises the following steps:
step 2, the terminal calculates the space linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station by using the acquired information;
and 3, calculating the round-trip delay time by using the space linear distance, and then calculating a timing advance value to determine the preamble transmission timing advance of the physical random access channel.
Further, the step 1 of storing the LTE base station location information and the cell information in the terminal includes:
step 11, correspondingly storing the pre-obtained LTE base station position information and the LTE base station identity mark in the terminal, simultaneously storing the cell identity mark in the terminal, and then configuring the timing advance protection time T for the terminalprtConfiguring a near point threshold Tthrld；
Step 12, the terminal selects a cell by means of cell selection, reselection or switching, and reads a cell identity;
and step 13, the terminal inquires the position information of the LTE base station through the LTE base station identity mark, and then obtains the position information of the terminal of the cell corresponding to the cell identity mark through a positioning system of the terminal.
Further, the step 2 of calculating, by the terminal, the spatial linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station using the acquired information includes:
step 21, defining the position of the LTE base station as a space coordinate A by taking the globe center of the earth as a reference, then determining the space coordinate A of the longitude of the position of the LTE base station, the latitude of the position of the base station and the altitude of the position of the base station as (ja, wa, ha), defining the position of the terminal as a space coordinate B, and then determining the space coordinate B of the longitude of the position of the terminal, the latitude of the position of the terminal and the altitude of the position of the terminal as (jb, wb, hb);
step 22, substituting the spatial coordinates a (ja, wa, ha) and the spatial coordinates B (jb, wb, hb) into the following formula (1) - (4), and calculating the spatial linear distance d between the LTE base station position and the terminal position:
θ＝cos(wa)·cos(wb)·cos(jb-ja)+sin(wa)·sin(wb)......(1)，
x＝ha+R......(2)，
y＝hb+R......(3)，
where θ is an angle, R is a radius of the earth, x is a first parameter, and y is a second parameter.
Further, the step 3 of calculating the round trip delay time by using the spatial linear distance, and then calculating the timing advance value to determine the preamble transmission timing advance of the physical random access channel includes:
step 31, calculating the round trip delay time T according to the following formula (5) based on the space linear distance drtd；
Trtd＝2×d/c......(5)，
Wherein c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave;
step 32, delaying the round trip by a time TrtdAnd a near threshold TthrldComparing, when the round trip delay time T isrtdGreater than a near point threshold TthrldThen, the timing advance value N is calculated according to the following equation (6)TA；
NTA＝floor((Trtd-Tprt)×30720000/16)......(6)，
In the formula, floor is a downward rounding function;
step 33, according to the timing advance value NTACalculating the preamble transmission timing advance T of the physical random access channel according to the following formula (7);
T＝(NTA+NTA offset)×16Ts......(7)，
in the formula, NTA offsetFor a fixed timing advance offset value, Ts＝1/(15000x2048)s，TsRepresenting unit time。
Further, the LTE base station location information in step 11 includes: LTE base station position longitude, LTE base station position latitude, and LTE base station position altitude.
Further, the guard time T in step 11prtHas a value range of 0 to TcpWherein, TcpIs the cyclic prefix length.
Further, the terminal location information in step 13 includes: terminal position longitude, terminal position latitude, terminal position altitude.
Further, the positioning system in step 13 comprises: GPS, GNSS, big dipper positioning system.
Further, when the time division multiple access LTE technology is adopted in step 33, NTA offset624; when FDM LTE technology is used, NTA offset＝0。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the long-distance access method of the invention calculates the space distance by utilizing the position information of the base station and the terminal, converts the space distance into the wireless signal transmission delay, and compensates the wireless signal transmission delay into the transmission lead of the PRACH preamble as the transmission lead, thereby realizing the covering and access process of the LTE cell with the ultra-long distance.
2. The invention adopts three-dimensional position information, namely precision, latitude and altitude, when calculating the distance between the base station and the terminal, thereby accurately calculating the spatial distance instead of the simple horizontal distance of the earth sphere, and providing a good solution for the large altitude difference between the base station and the terminal and the long-distance coverage of scenes such as ground-air communication, spatial communication and the like.
3. The method uses the position information of the base station and the terminal to calculate the timing advance sent by the PRACH preamble in advance, and adopts the timing advance to send the PRACH preamble, so that the long-distance cell coverage can be carried out without increasing the Cyclic Prefix (CP) and the guard interval (GT) of the PRACH, and the LTE system can obtain the maximum coverage effect by using smaller time-frequency resource overhead.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the spatial distance between a base station and a terminal according to the long-distance access method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an uplink timing synchronization process of the long-distance access method of the present invention, to which a long-distance access algorithm based on the LTE technology is applied;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the long-distance access algorithm based on LTE technology according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the long-distance access method includes:
step 11, correspondingly storing the pre-obtained LTE base station position information and the LTE base station identity mark in the terminal, simultaneously storing the cell identity mark in the terminal, and then configuring the timing advance protection time T for the terminalprtConfiguring a near point threshold Tthrld；
Step 12, the terminal selects a cell by means of cell selection, reselection or switching, and reads a cell identity;
and step 13, the terminal inquires the position information of the LTE base station through the LTE base station identity mark, and then obtains the position information of the terminal of the cell corresponding to the cell identity mark through a positioning system of the terminal.
Step 2, the terminal calculates the space linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station by using the acquired information;
further, the step 2 of calculating, by the terminal, the spatial linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station using the acquired information includes:
step 21, defining the position of the LTE base station as a space coordinate A by taking the globe center of the earth as a reference, then determining the space coordinate A of the longitude of the position of the LTE base station, the latitude of the position of the base station and the altitude of the position of the base station as (ja, wa, ha), defining the position of the terminal as a space coordinate B, and then determining the space coordinate B of the longitude of the position of the terminal, the latitude of the position of the terminal and the altitude of the position of the terminal as (jb, wb, hb);
step 22, substituting the spatial coordinates a (ja, wa, ha) and the spatial coordinates B (jb, wb, hb) into the following formula (1) - (4), and calculating the spatial linear distance d between the LTE base station position and the terminal position:
θ＝cos(wa)·cos(wb)·cos(jb-ja)+sin(wa)·sin(wb)......(1)，
x＝ha+R......(2)，
y＝hb+R......(3)，
where θ is an angle, R is a radius of the earth, x is a first parameter, and y is a second parameter.
And 3, calculating the round-trip delay time by using the space linear distance, and then calculating a timing advance value to determine the preamble transmission timing advance of the physical random access channel.
Step 31, calculating the round trip delay time T according to the following formula (5) based on the space linear distance drtd；
Trtd＝2×d/c......(5)，
Wherein c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave;
step 32, delaying the round trip by a time TrtdAnd a near threshold TthrldComparing, when the round trip delay time T isrtdGreater than a near point threshold TthrldThen, the timing advance value N is calculated according to the following equation (6)TA；
NTA＝floor((Trtd-Tprt)×30720000/16)......(6)，
In the formula, floor is a downward rounding function;
step 33, according to the timing advance value NTACalculating the preamble transmission timing advance T of the physical random access channel according to the following formula (7);
T＝(NTA+NTA offset)×16Ts......(7)，
in the formula, NTA offsetFor a fixed timing advance offset value, Ts＝1/(15000x2048)s，TsRepresenting the unit amount of time.
Further, the LTE base station location information in step 11 includes: LTE base station position longitude, LTE base station position latitude, and LTE base station position altitude.
Further, the guard time T in step 11prtHas a value range of 0 to TcpWherein, TcpIs the cyclic prefix length.
Further, the terminal location information in step 13 includes: terminal position longitude, terminal position latitude, terminal position altitude.
Further, the positioning system in step 13 comprises: GPS, GNSS, big dipper positioning system.
Further, in step 33, when the Time Division multiple access LTE technology (also called Time-Division LTE, TD-LTE for short) is adopted, NTA offset624; when the FDM LTE technology (also called LTE Frequency-Division Duplex, LTE FDD for short) is adopted, NTA offset＝0。
Further, as shown in fig. 2, when the base station and the terminal are at a large distance, the method provided by the present invention is not applied, which may cause the Preamble transmitted by the terminal to arrive at the base station with a serious delay and coincide with the time of the next subframe of the PRACH subframe, and the Preamble data sampled by the base station only includes a part of PRACH Preamble transmitted by the terminal, while another part of the Preamble data has been collected in the time of the previous subframe of the PRACH subframe, which may cause the PRACH of the base station to be unable to be normally detected or the performance to be greatly deteriorated. Compared with the prior art, after the method provided by the invention is applied, the Preamble data sampled by the base station comprises two parts, one part is the PRACH Cyclic Prefix (CP) sent by the terminal and the other part is the Preamble data transmitted by the terminal, thus the complete Preamble data with cyclic shift is received at the base station side, the base station can normally detect the Preamble and the TA, and the performance can not be reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious modifications or alterations to the above-described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A long-distance access method based on LTE wireless communication technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, storing LTE base station position information and cell information in a terminal;
step 2, the terminal calculates the space linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station by using the acquired information;
step 3, calculating a timing advance value after calculating the round-trip delay time by using the space linear distance:
from the spatial linear distance d, the round trip delay time T is calculated according to the following equation (5)rtd；
Trtd＝2×d/c......(5)，
Wherein c is the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave;
delay the round trip by a time TrtdAnd a near threshold TthrldComparing, when the round trip delay time T isrtdGreater than a near point threshold TthrldThen, the timing advance value N is calculated according to the following equation (6)TA；
NTA＝floor((Trtd-Tprt)×30720000/16)......(6)，
Where floor is a rounded down function, TprtFor protecting time, the value range is 0 to TcpWherein, TcpIs the cyclic prefix length;
according to the timing advance value NTACalculating a timing advance value T according to the following formula (7);
T＝(NTA+NTA offset)×16Ts......(7)，
in the formula, NTA offsetFor a fixed timing advance offset value, Ts＝1/(15000×2048)s，TsRepresenting the unit amount of time.
2. The long-distance access method based on LTE wireless communication technology of claim 1, wherein step 1 of storing LTE base station location information and cell information in the terminal comprises:
step 1.1, will obtain in advanceThe LTE base station position information and the cell Identity of the LTE base station are correspondingly stored in the terminal, and then the terminal is configured with the timing advance protection time TprtConfiguring a near point threshold Tthrld；
Step 1.2, the terminal selects a cell by a cell selection, reselection or switching mode, and reads the cell Identity of the cell;
step 1.3, the terminal inquires the position information of the LTE base station through the cell Identity of the LTE base station, and then obtains the position information of the terminal through a positioning system of the terminal.
3. The long-distance access method based on the LTE wireless communication technology of claim 1, wherein the step 2 of calculating the spatial linear distance between the terminal and the LTE base station by the terminal using the obtained information comprises:
step 2.1, defining the position of an LTE base station as a space coordinate A by taking the center of the earth as a reference, then determining the space coordinate A of the longitude of the position of the LTE base station, the latitude of the position of the base station and the altitude of the position of the base station as (ja, wa, ha), defining the position of a terminal as a space coordinate B, and then determining the space coordinate B of the longitude of the position of the terminal, the latitude of the position of the terminal and the altitude of the position of the terminal as (jb, wb, hb);
step 2.2, substituting the space coordinates A (ja, wa, ha) and the space coordinates B (jb, wb, hb) into the following formula (1) - (4), and calculating the space linear distance d between the position of the LTE base station and the position of the terminal:
θ＝cos(wa)·cos(wb)·cos(jb-ja)+sin(wa)·sin(wb)......(1)，
x＝ha+R......(2)，
y＝hb+R......(3)，
where θ is an angle, R is a radius of the earth, x is a first parameter, and y is a second parameter.
4. The long-distance access method based on LTE wireless communication technology of claim 2, wherein said LTE base station location information in step 1.1 comprises: LTE base station position longitude, LTE base station position latitude, and LTE base station position altitude.
5. The long-range access method based on LTE wireless communication technology of claim 2, wherein said positioning system in step 1.3 comprises: GPS, GNSS, big dipper positioning system.
6. The long-distance access method based on LTE wireless communication technology of claim 1, wherein in step 3, when using time division multiple access LTE technology, N isTA offset624; when FDM LTE technology is used, NTA offset＝0。
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