CN111130368A - Control method and system of photovoltaic inverter - Google Patents
Control method and system of photovoltaic inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111130368A CN111130368A CN202010064735.6A CN202010064735A CN111130368A CN 111130368 A CN111130368 A CN 111130368A CN 202010064735 A CN202010064735 A CN 202010064735A CN 111130368 A CN111130368 A CN 111130368A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a control method and a control system of a photovoltaic inverter, which can realize automatic de-rating of an electrolytic capacitor under an overvoltage working condition, effectively reduce the voltage level of the electrolytic capacitor used by a DC-LINK of a photovoltaic inverter and ensure the reliability of the electrolytic capacitor, thereby greatly improving the economy of the system scheme of the DC-LINK capacitor and having important contribution to photovoltaic evaluation on-line. A control method of a photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor positioned between a DC unit and an AC unit, wherein the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor meets the condition that the aluminum foil voltage is larger than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter, the output power of the inverter is adjusted according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is reduced when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is larger than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic inverters, and relates to a control method and a control system of a photovoltaic inverter, in particular to a control method and a control system of a photovoltaic inverter adopting a low-voltage-level DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, namely a control method and a control system for overvoltage and derate of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor of the photovoltaic inverter.
Background
The photovoltaic inverter is a core device for converting direct current provided by a Solar module into alternating current for civil use or industrial use, and the position of the photovoltaic inverter in the field of new energy is more and more important. In recent years, transformer-less photovoltaic inverters have been rapidly developed and widely used in the market, but the price pressure of photovoltaic inverters in the market is getting higher and higher, and how to balance the service life and the cost becomes more and more important. The cost of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, which is a critical component of the photovoltaic inverter, typically occupies a significant portion of the overall cost of the photovoltaic inverter. The time for the photovoltaic inverter to work at the maximum open-circuit voltage is very short, the cost of the capacitor is greatly influenced by the voltage of the high-voltage electrolytic capacitor, and the actual voltage of the aluminum foil designed by the high-voltage capacitor is usually far higher than the rated voltage of the capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a control method and a control system for a photovoltaic inverter, which can realize automatic derating of an electrolytic capacitor under an overvoltage working condition, can effectively reduce the voltage level of the electrolytic capacitor used by a photovoltaic inverter DC-LINK and ensure the reliability of the electrolytic capacitor, thereby greatly improving the economical efficiency of a system scheme of the DC-LINK capacitor and making an important contribution to photovoltaic evaluation on-line.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a control method of a photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor positioned between a DC unit and an AC unit, wherein the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor meets the condition that the aluminum foil voltage is larger than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter, the output power of the inverter is adjusted according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is reduced when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is larger than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
Preferably, the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor satisfies more than 1.1 times the maximum operating voltage of the photovoltaic inverter.
More preferably, the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor satisfies more than 1.2 times the maximum operating voltage of the photovoltaic inverter.
Preferably, the control method includes the steps of:
when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is larger than the rated voltage, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is as follows:
Pout=Prate*k*e^((T1-Tlimit)/10)
wherein Pout is the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, Prate is the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter, T1 is the loop temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, Tlimit is the temperature limit of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage, and k is the voltage power life correction coefficient of the photovoltaic inverter.
More preferably, the working voltage Ubus and the environment temperature T1 of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor are detected,
pout = Prate k e ((T1-Tlimit)/10) when Ubus > uarte, T1> Tlimit, where uarte is the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
Preferably, the working voltage Ubus and the ambient temperature T1 of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor are detected, and the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is reduced when Ubus > Urate and T1> Tlimit, wherein Urate is the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and Tlimit is the temperature limit value of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage.
Preferably, when the operating voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is not more than the rated voltage, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is equal to the rated output power of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
The invention also adopts the following technical scheme:
a control system for a photovoltaic inverter, comprising:
a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor positioned between the DC unit and the AC unit, wherein the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor meets a condition that the aluminum foil voltage is larger than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter; and
and the control sampling unit is used for adjusting the output power of the inverter according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and reducing the output power of the photovoltaic inverter when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is greater than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
Preferably, the control system further comprises:
the voltage sampling unit is used for detecting the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor; and
the temperature sampling unit is used for detecting the ring temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor;
the control sampling unit is further configured to receive the working voltage detected by the voltage sampling unit and the loop temperature detected by the temperature sampling unit, and obtain the output power of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula:
Pout=Prate*k*e^((T1-Tlimit)/10)
wherein Pout is the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, Prate is the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter, T1 is the loop temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, Tlimit is the temperature limit of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage, and k is the voltage power life correction coefficient of the photovoltaic inverter.
Preferably, the voltage sampling unit and the temperature sampling unit are respectively electrically connected with the control sampling unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages by adopting the scheme:
according to the control method of the photovoltaic inverter, the overvoltage and the deration of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor are carried out, so that the reliability of the specific capacitor with a low voltage level applied to the photovoltaic inverter with the maximum open-circuit voltage larger than the rated voltage of the capacitor is effectively solved, and the safety and the reliability of the inverter are guaranteed while the economy is effectively realized; the safety and the economical efficiency of the specific electrolytic capacitor with the reduced voltage level can be effectively ensured by the self-adaptive load control method while the design life of the electrolytic capacitor is ensured. Taking a traditional photovoltaic inverter applying an electrolytic capacitor with a rated voltage of 600V as an example, the control method and the system can select the electrolytic capacitor with the rated voltage of 550V, the cost of the electrolytic capacitor is usually lower by about 30% than that of 600V, and the reliability and the safety can be ensured while the low-voltage capacitor is used for meeting the requirement of a high-voltage inverter.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic inverter according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
1. a DC unit; 2. a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor; 3. an AC unit; 4. controlling the sampling unit; 5. a voltage sampling unit; 6. and a temperature sampling unit.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the invention may be more readily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, the photovoltaic inverter to which the present embodiment is applied includes a DC unit 1 and an AC unit 3. The photovoltaic inverter further comprises a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2 which is located between the DC unit 1 and the AC unit 3 and is in a non-series structure, and the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2 is larger than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter. The control method of the photovoltaic inverter of the embodiment includes: adjusting the output power of the inverter according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and reducing the output power of the photovoltaic inverter when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is greater than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor; when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is not more than the rated voltage, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is equal to the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter. The control method of the embodiment is an overvoltage derating control method for the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor of the photovoltaic inverter, and can be suitable for the photovoltaic inverter adopting the DC-LINK capacitor with low voltage level, and the maximum open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic inverter is larger than the rated voltage of the capacitor. In this embodiment, the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor needs to satisfy more than 1.2 times of the maximum operating voltage of the photovoltaic inverter.
The control method specifically comprises the following steps:
detecting the working voltage Ubus and the loop temperature T1 of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor;
when Ubus is less than or equal to Urate, Pout = Prate;
pout = Prate k e ^ ((T1-Tlimit)/10) when Ubus > Urate, T1> Tlimit;
wherein Ubus is the actual working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and Urate is the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor; pout is the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, Prate is the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter, T1 is the loop temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, Tlimit is the temperature limit value of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage (depending on the rated temperature rise condition of the inverter), and k is the voltage power life correction coefficient of the photovoltaic inverter.
In this embodiment, Tlimit is selected to be 80, k is obtained by testing the actual load life according to the actual required inverter life (usually designed to be 10-15 years), the initial value is 1, and the load life is properly adjusted after the test.
Taking a photovoltaic inverter system with a maximum input open-circuit voltage of 600V as an example, in the present embodiment, an electrolytic capacitor with a voltage of 550V aluminum foil is adopted (in a conventional control method, the photovoltaic inverter needs to adopt an electrolytic capacitor with a voltage of 1.31 times the voltage of 720V aluminum foil), and when the operating voltage of the electrolytic capacitor is greater than 550V, the temperature of the electrolytic capacitor increases with the increase of the load. And automatically calculating the maximum output power of the photovoltaic inverter according to the set formula and the set value of k according to the real-time detected DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor loop temperature T1. By the method, the design life of the electrolytic capacitor is ensured, and the safety and the economical efficiency of the specific electrolytic capacitor with a low voltage level are effectively ensured by the self-adaptive load control method.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a control system of a photovoltaic inverter of the present embodiment includes:
a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2 which is positioned between the DC unit 1 and the AC unit 3, wherein the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2 is more than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter; and
and the control sampling unit 4 is used for adjusting the output power of the inverter according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2, and reducing the output power of the photovoltaic inverter when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2 is greater than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
The control system further comprises:
a voltage sampling unit 5 for detecting the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2; and
the temperature sampling unit 6 is used for detecting the ring temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor 2;
the control sampling unit 4 is further configured to receive the working voltage detected by the voltage sampling unit 5 and the loop temperature detected by the temperature sampling unit 6, and obtain the output power of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula:
Pout=Prate*k*e^((T1-Tlimit)/10)
wherein Pout is the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, Prate is the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter, T1 is the loop temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, Tlimit is the temperature limit of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage, and k is the voltage power life correction coefficient of the photovoltaic inverter.
In this embodiment, the voltage sampling unit 5 is a BUS voltage sampling unit, and the temperature sampling unit 6 is an NTC temperature sampling unit. The voltage sampling unit 5 and the temperature sampling unit 6 are respectively electrically connected with the control sampling unit.
When the capacitor operating voltage Ubus > Urate, its temperature increases with increasing load. And (3) sending the real-time detected DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor loop temperature T1 to a sampling control unit, and automatically calculating the maximum output power of the inverter by the control unit according to the set formula and the set value of k.
The control method and the control system can realize automatic derating of the electrolytic capacitor under the overvoltage working condition, can effectively reduce the voltage level of the electrolytic capacitor used by the photovoltaic inverter DC-LINK and ensure the reliability of the electrolytic capacitor, thereby greatly improving the economical efficiency of the system scheme of the DC-LINK capacitor and having important contribution to photovoltaic evaluation on-line.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are preferred embodiments, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a photovoltaic inverter, the photovoltaic inverter comprises a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor positioned between a DC unit and an AC unit, and is characterized in that the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor meets the condition that the aluminum foil voltage is larger than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter, the output power of the inverter is adjusted according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is reduced when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is larger than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
2. The control method of claim 1, wherein an aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor satisfies greater than 1.1 times a maximum operating voltage of the photovoltaic inverter.
3. The control method of claim 2, wherein the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor satisfies greater than 1.2 times the maximum operating voltage of the photovoltaic inverter.
4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is larger than the rated voltage, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is as follows:
Pout=Prate*k*e^((T1-Tlimit)/10)
wherein Pout is the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, Prate is the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter, T1 is the loop temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, Tlimit is the temperature limit of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage, and k is the voltage power life correction coefficient of the photovoltaic inverter.
5. The control method according to claim 4,
detecting the working voltage Ubus and the loop temperature T1 of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor;
pout = Prate k e ((T1-Tlimit)/10) when Ubus > uarte, T1> Tlimit, where uarte is the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that an operating voltage Ubus and a loop temperature T1 of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor are detected, and the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is reduced when Ubus > Urate and T1> Tlimit, wherein Urate is a rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and Tlimit is a temperature limit value of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor at the operating voltage.
7. The control method according to claim 1, wherein when the operating voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is not greater than its rated voltage, the output power of the photovoltaic inverter is equal to its rated output power.
8. A control system for a photovoltaic inverter, comprising:
a DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor positioned between the DC unit and the AC unit, wherein the aluminum foil voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor meets a condition that the aluminum foil voltage is larger than the maximum working voltage of the photovoltaic inverter; and
and the control sampling unit is used for adjusting the output power of the inverter according to the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, and reducing the output power of the photovoltaic inverter when the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor is greater than the rated voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor.
9. The control system of claim 8, further comprising:
the voltage sampling unit is used for detecting the working voltage of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor; and
the temperature sampling unit is used for detecting the ring temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor;
the control sampling unit is further configured to receive the working voltage detected by the voltage sampling unit and the loop temperature detected by the temperature sampling unit, and obtain the output power of the photovoltaic inverter according to the following formula:
Pout=Prate*k*e^((T1-Tlimit)/10)
wherein Pout is the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, Prate is the rated output power of the photovoltaic inverter, T1 is the loop temperature of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor, Tlimit is the temperature limit of the DC-LINK electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage, and k is the voltage power life correction coefficient of the photovoltaic inverter.
10. The control system of claim 9, wherein the voltage sampling unit and the temperature sampling unit are electrically connected to the control sampling unit, respectively.
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| CN202010064735.6A CN111130368B (en) | 2020-01-20 | 2020-01-20 | Control method and system of photovoltaic inverter |
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