CN1111302C - Flood situation alarming method and reference mark - Google Patents
Flood situation alarming method and reference mark Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1111302C CN1111302C CN 97121990 CN97121990A CN1111302C CN 1111302 C CN1111302 C CN 1111302C CN 97121990 CN97121990 CN 97121990 CN 97121990 A CN97121990 A CN 97121990A CN 1111302 C CN1111302 C CN 1111302C
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- flood
- water surface
- supposition
- mark
- alarm
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method and a reference mark for issuing a flood prevention alarm in a flood protection region. The problem of the water level data abstraction of flood prediction or the problem of multiple vague forecasted immersion regions is solved. A flood control mechanism issues an alarm of flood numerical values relevant to the presumptive water surface of flood. Units and crowds in the flood protection region calculate the alarm data (h) and the determined mark (c) of the presumptive water surface of flood in a reference mode, namely that the generated position (E) of the flood surface can be determined. Personnel and property which are threatened by flood and logged water are rapidly and accurately evacuated from a flooding region, and the comprehensible information and the reference mark are generated. The mark (c) is a mark fixed to buildings, and the ground surface (A) is the presumptive water surface (D) of flood.
Description
The present invention relates in the non-engineering flood control measure, keep away flood in the flood control zone issue and give the correct time in advance, particularly forecast data makes the unit of flood control and a kind of method that the masses in time, accurately determine the flood inundation on tracks degree of depth.
The flood control alarm is to estimate in following a period of time, when the water level of flood, flow surpass the safety discharge capacity in river course or surpass the designed capacity of hydraulic engineering, in order to reduce a kind of remedial measures of Flood Damage.Its earlier by hydrology department according to early stage, the current information such as hydrometeorology that occur, utilization hydrology, meteorology, hydraulic principle and method are made flood forecasting at regular time and quantity, after water level, flow and the time of occurrence of forecast received by flood-control headquarters, compare the flood control chart that is compiled into by historical summary and physical features elevation, various places, constituent parts may be subjected to the concrete condition that flood threatens in the forecast area, and shift order for the lives and properties issue of suffering a loss less.Along with the reach of science, the accumulation of meteorology, hydrologic data, the water level of hydrologic survey place, traffic forecast precision can improve, and leading time increases.But in the present non-engineering flood control prediction scheme, personnel and property are kept away the flood control chart that flood uses, just be painted on the paper, fill out technical drawing or data in form, when according to forecast measuring point water level or flood control chart flood data issue flood control alarm the time, because the water level elevation data are more abstract, ground is uneven, territorial scope is big, and the influence of water drop is many with reference to the place, and fuzzy, it is quite tediously long that the time of announcement forecast becomes thus.Flood level is in time with the variation of the source water yield and other factors and change, at disastrous pluvial age, generally with the variation beard and hair cloth of regimen flood forecasting repeatedly, make the unit of flood control zone and the masses to the last generation difficulty of the reference of depth of the water submerging so more, and produce the suspection of flood forecasting reliability or can not understand.
For solve flood control keep away calamity in time, definite this problem, common way is just drawn the flood control risk figure of flood control zone or is filled and presented the elevation chart.As water conservancy department of Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of People's Republic of China (PRC) chief editor " first 362 pages of 20 professional etiquette of hydrologic survey handbook are fixed: the investigation of carrying out for flood control needs that may flood scope, the more diluvial water surface curve along the river of investigation survey station each time of upstream and downstream reaches the elevation of factories and miness, office, village, field piece etc. along the river, understand fully the scope of flooding, scheduling, so that when flood, forecast according to the survey station water level, forecast the various places constituent parts and may be subjected to the concrete condition that flood threatens, for the flood control struggle is a good the staff officer.This technical method is in directorate or can in time obtain the professional of flood forecasting information, can delimit in flood control risk figure and flood scope.But the in fact constituent parts and masses transfer in time, the chart of not controlling flood on the one hand, another aspect does not have professional knowledge, and reference point is fuzzy, and peace is tediously long according to each regional constituent parts depth of immersion data of giving the correct time in advance.Realize mobilizing the constituent parts and the masses to determine the degree that the flood water logging does not have in time, exactly, before calamity, fast personnel and property are transferred to the place of safety of high-land, exist the circular technology and with reference to fuzzy problem.Lose valuable transfer time and vertical accuracy thus, cause unnecessary casualties and property to shift and too much deposit nowhere, have little time to shift the very few consequence that causes damaged or destroyed by flood.
It is reference plane with the supposition flood water water surface that purpose of the present invention will provide a kind of, can issue the method for dangerous river forcasting data simply, clearly, quickly; Make the reference point of flood inundation on tracks degree simultaneously with sign fixing on this face for the unit of flood control zone and the masses.
The present invention is achieved in that in the flood control zone, the water surface of determining to take place in history several times the elevation everywhere of the great flood or the big water surface that excess water forms or inquiring into hydraulic method elevation is everywhere unified high margin, whole pan-up to the more convenient observation in this zone, sign is set, the difficult elevation place of being flooded by flood, excess water, and on the disastrous water level elevation of this supposition each necessary fixed buildings in the flood control zone firm sign being set.In the invention the disastrous of this supposition is called the flood supposition water surface with reference to the water surface; And the water surface of this flood supposition linked with the water level elevation of discharge site flood information, and write the conversion relation that flood is supposed the water surface and forecasting station water level exactly.When estimating that being provided with flood supposes that the flood control zone of the water surface is about to take place the flood regimen, flood-control headquarters issue and the relevant numerical value alarm of the flood supposition water surface immediately, after the constituent parts and the masses learn alarm numerical value in the flood control zone, corresponding flood supposition water surface sign is vertical measures or estimates estimation with being provided with, can draw the depth of immersion or the flood face position of this sign near zone, whether personnel and property just can clearly need to shift; The geopotentia of the destination of shifting can use the same method and judge whether and can not had by water logging.
The present invention is because only need to install flood supposition water surface sign on the fixed buildings of flood control zone, so method is simple especially, simultaneously, because the method for invention is not the flood control chart of a flood control zone, not by known to the public,, after being provided with, sign of the present invention had gained some understanding by the resident of flood control zone with reference to fuzzy, as long as the method for introduce using, receive that the regimen data with alert will use; Owing to the sign that is provided with in the method is that parallel surface or the approximate curved surface that occurred the floods water surface in history calculated for foundation or with hydraulic method, use spirit-leveling instrument school height to install, in addition so easy departure precision; The most special except that itself be that a public welfare is kept away the calamity sign, the user that can also establish advertisement with other purpose is located at and obtains a grant together, thereby becomes more readily available the fund that the school is surveyed or upgraded after crossing several years or waterpower factors vary.Because of the raising of reference precision, can prevent effectively that too much personnel and property from doing unnecessary transfer, it is unobstructed relatively to reach road, and capacity and transport power are shifted in performance efficiently.Because of being provided with sign, the issue alarm needs only corresponding data and time, becomes quick thus.
The concrete grammar of invention is provided by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1, the 2nd, the flood that proposes according to the present invention supposition water surface is set up the synoptic diagram of using method and sign.
Describe the details and the operating position of the concrete grammar that proposes according to the present invention in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1,2:
Ground, flood control zone (A), flood control zone fixed buildings (B), hydrometric station leveling point (M), flood supposition water surface elevation Warning Mark (C '), flood supposition water surface sign (C), historical flood vestige (F), forecast is with the flood plane (E), the water level (Z) that take place; The flood supposition water surface high number of passes (Δ Z) corresponding with the hydrometric station leveling point, the flood supposition water surface (D).
On each buildings that need control flood (B) that ground, flood control zone (A) locates, flood level mark (F) is arranged, after the level school is surveyed correctly, the unified selected discrepancy in elevation numerical value (Δ H) in same flood numerical forecasting district, move to flood met or be difficult for being inundated with flood (can extrapolate this water surface with hydraulic method in the flood control zone that does not have flood level mark) in thousand one, and observe eye-catching eminence easily, install the reference mark (C) of unified design, water surface monumented point (C ') is overlapped on this supposition face, form the water surface of a flood supposition.Behind the flood forecasting water level (Z) when discharge site t receives in flood-control headquarters, infer according to the flood control chart and the numerical value alarm of flood (h) will take place when the situation that unit or resident zone will be inundated with flood is arranged when promptly sending t.Its numerical value can be calculated by formula (1).
h＝ΔZ-Z(1)
When numerical value (h) was certain time t, the flood plane of generation (E) height was on the upright position of sign (C ').When numerical value (h) value is negative, under the water surface sign of (C '); , go up coincidence at (C '), during positive number, more than (C ') at 0 o'clock.Because the flow condition of flood control zone is very complicated, intersection as several rivers, non-even straight, the bend in section, different time, different high low-water level level cause that water surface elevation is not parallel, when very big variation is arranged, it is differential with different high low-water level to pacify flow characteristics, determine the not flood supposition water surface of jack per line, and in sign, indicate area code Fig. 2 (4), water level level number Fig. 2 (4) of flood control zone; But regional number or water level level number should not too much segment, should be with flood control zone assets and flood forecasting precision and decide.Along with of the remote past, the waterpower factor of flood control zone must change.Test at the flood supposition water surface sign that the flood level mark elevation Ying Yuyi that takes place to be stayed behind the big flood sets up, should adjust when error ratio is big, so that the flood supposition water surface is parallel or approximate parallel with the actual flood plane that takes place.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of the sign (C) of flood supposition water surface setting, is made of following content:
The flood control zone is provided with the archives records number (1) of the flood supposition water surface; the unit or the organization names (2) of sign are set, co-organizing institution hurdle (3), the different flood supposition in the same flood control zone water surface number (4); do not mark this number when having only a kind of's face; the water surface monumented point (C ') of coincidence on flood supposition face, blank space (6) is with sign circle (7) of blank space different colours; contributor's ad content or blank (8); sign board fixed orifice (9), the edge strip (10) of protection show label, other (0).
Claims (4)
1. the alarm method of a flood situation is characterized in that: provide the flood supposition water surface (D) to set up fixedly reference mark (C) earlier; During warning, water level (Z) calculates with reference to the supposition water surface (D) according to weather report, and issue keeps away big vast numerical value (h) alarm; After the receiving, numerical value (h) compares with reference mark (C), can clear and definite flood plane height (E).
2. the alarm method of flood situation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the flood supposition water surface (D) is according to flood level mark and the reckoning of hydraulics method, determine that one is difficult for being inundated with flood, more convenient observation and the supposition water surface elevation of sign is set overlaps with the water surface mark (C ') in the sign (C) and is fixed on the flood water surface (D) that constitutes a supposition on the fixed supposition face height of each buildings; And set up the flood water surface of supposition and the elevation of hydrometric station leveling point (M) concerns archives.
3. method according to claim 1 when it is characterized in that reporting to the police, is a foundation according to the flood stage (Z) of survey station flood forecasting, calculates with reference to the height (Δ Z) of the flood supposition water surface (D), and value (h), issue keeps away big vast numerical value (h) alarm.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the constituent parts and the masses according to alarm numerical value of receiving (h) and corresponding reference mark (C) comparison, perpendicular to the point of mark (C ') numerical value (h), are flood water at the water level (E) that calls time in advance and will reach.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97121990 CN1111302C (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1997-12-12 | Flood situation alarming method and reference mark |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97121990 CN1111302C (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1997-12-12 | Flood situation alarming method and reference mark |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1190229A CN1190229A (en) | 1998-08-12 |
| CN1111302C true CN1111302C (en) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 97121990 Expired - Fee Related CN1111302C (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1997-12-12 | Flood situation alarming method and reference mark |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1111302C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101864750B (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-11-16 | 西安理工大学 | Multi-model meta-synthesis flood forecasting system and forecasting method thereof |
| CN101930566B (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2013-11-06 | 西安理工大学 | Hydrological experimental simulation system and method based on parallel system |
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1997
- 1997-12-12 CN CN 97121990 patent/CN1111302C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1190229A (en) | 1998-08-12 |
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