CN111130185A - Combined power supply system and power supply control method - Google Patents
Combined power supply system and power supply control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111130185A CN111130185A CN202010045952.0A CN202010045952A CN111130185A CN 111130185 A CN111130185 A CN 111130185A CN 202010045952 A CN202010045952 A CN 202010045952A CN 111130185 A CN111130185 A CN 111130185A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined power supply system and a power supply control method. The system comprises: the system comprises an aluminum air battery, an aluminum ion battery, an aluminum air battery controller, a combined power controller and a parallel flow device; the input of aluminium air battery passes through aluminium air battery controller and is connected with the combined power source controller, and the input of aluminium ion battery is connected with the combined power source controller, and the output of aluminium air battery, the output of aluminium ion battery all are connected with the input of parallel flow ware to the load is connected to the output of current ware, and the combined power source controller is connected with the parallel flow ware, and the input of aluminium air battery is connected with the input of aluminium ion battery. The invention has long endurance, can realize high-energy and high-power supply, and enables a load to run for a long distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power supply of power supplies, in particular to a combined power supply system and a power supply control method.
Background
Currently, a typical load system is generally composed of a power system, a fuselage system, a data transmission device, and a remote control. Loads comprise direct current drive and alternating current drive, and loads are driven by direct current, such as an electric unmanned aerial vehicle, a robot and the like; and an alternating current driving system, such as an electric automobile, an electric ship and the like. Whatever load, it experiences a complex environment requiring different power inputs to accomplish its purpose. For example, the electric automobile not only runs on a flat road but also accelerates, climbs and the like, and the purpose can be achieved only by accelerating and inputting high power; electric unmanned aerial vehicle not only flies at the uniform velocity, takes off climbing flight in addition, and flight with higher speed all needs high-power input. In view of the current loads, most of the power sources used in the loads are lithium ion batteries, hydrogen-oxygen fuel batteries, or a combination of lithium ion batteries and fuel batteries, or a combination of super capacitors and lithium ion batteries. Because the lithium ion battery has limited energy storage and short endurance mileage, and the existing hydrogen-oxygen fuel battery also has limited energy storage because hydrogen is difficult to store and needs a hydrogen storage tank to occupy space, so the existing combinations have the defect of short endurance mileage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a combined power supply system and a power supply control method that can provide both high power and high power to keep a load traveling long distances.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a combined power supply system comprising: the system comprises an aluminum air battery, an aluminum ion battery, an aluminum air battery controller, a combined power controller and a parallel flow device;
the input end of the aluminum air battery is connected with the combined power supply controller through the aluminum air battery controller, the input end of the aluminum ion battery is connected with the combined power supply controller, the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the current combiner, the output end of the current combiner is connected with a load, the combined power supply controller is connected with the current combiner, and the input end of the aluminum air battery is also connected with the input end of the aluminum ion battery; the combined power supply controller is used for acquiring the required power of the load, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum ion battery, controlling the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum ion battery to supply power to the load, controlling the aluminum-air battery to charge the aluminum ion battery, and controlling the ion battery to recover the energy generated by the motor of the load.
Optionally, the combined power supply system further includes: an aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter;
the combined power controller is connected with the output end of the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter, and the input end of the aluminum air battery is connected with the input end of the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter.
Optionally, the parallel flow device includes a DC/AC converter, a DC/DC converter and a signal communication port;
the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the DC/AC converter; the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the DC/DC converter; the output end of the DC/AC converter is connected with an AC driven load, and the output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with a DC driven load; and the combined power supply controller is connected with the signal communication port.
Optionally, the rated power of the aluminum-air battery is 5000W; the voltage of the aluminum ion battery is 3V, and the current of the aluminum ion battery is 50A.
The invention also provides a combined power supply control method, which is applied to the combined power supply system and comprises the following steps:
determining the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery;
acquiring the required power of a load;
and distributing the output power of the aluminum-air battery and the output power of the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a fuzzy control energy management algorithm according to the charge state of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery and the required power of the load.
Optionally, the distributing the output power of the aluminum-air battery and the output power of the aluminum-ion battery by using a fuzzy control energy management algorithm according to the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery and the required power of the load specifically includes:
when the required power of the load is smaller than a first set power value and the state of charge of the aluminum ion battery is in a state of being not full, controlling the ion battery to recover energy generated by a motor of the load;
when the required power of the load is greater than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is less than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is less than or equal to the maximum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, controlling the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery to be a first set ratio, and controlling the aluminum-air battery to charge the aluminum-ion battery; the first set proportion is greater than 1;
when the required power of the load is larger than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is smaller than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery is smaller than the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery is larger than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery, controlling the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery to be a first set ratio;
when the required power of the load is greater than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is greater than or equal to the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery, the output power of the aluminum-air battery is controlled to be the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, and the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is a second set ratio; the second set proportion is less than 1;
when the required power of the load is larger than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is larger than or equal to the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is larger than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is smaller than the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, the output power of the aluminum-air battery is controlled to be the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, and the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is a first set proportion.
Optionally, the determining the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery specifically includes:
and respectively estimating the charge states of the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a mode of combining an open-circuit voltage method and an ampere-hour integration method to obtain the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery.
Optionally, the first set power value is zero; the first set ratio is 6: 4; the second set ratio is 4: 6.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a combined power supply system and a power supply control method, wherein the system comprises: the system comprises an aluminum air battery, an aluminum ion battery, an aluminum air battery controller, a combined power controller and a parallel flow device; the input of aluminium air battery passes through aluminium air battery controller and is connected with the combined power source controller, and the input of aluminium ion battery is connected with the combined power source controller, and the output of aluminium air battery, the output of aluminium ion battery all are connected with the input of parallel flow ware to the load is connected to the output of current ware, and the combined power source controller is connected with the parallel flow ware, and the input of aluminium air battery is connected with the input of aluminium ion battery. The aluminum air battery is combined with the aluminum ion battery, and the aluminum air battery has the advantages of large energy density, long endurance, no air storage tank, small occupied space, large power density of the aluminum ion battery, strong climbing and accelerating capabilities, capability of keeping long-distance running and adaptation to running in a complex environment, rich aluminum storage, low price and convenience in manufacture.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined power supply system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a combined power supply control method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a working process diagram of a combined power supply control method according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined power supply system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the combined power supply system provided in this embodiment includes: the device comprises an aluminum air battery, an aluminum ion battery, an aluminum air battery controller, a combined power controller and a current combiner.
The input end of the aluminum air battery is connected with the combined power supply controller through the aluminum air battery controller, the input end of the aluminum ion battery is connected with the combined power supply controller, the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the current combiner, the output end of the current combiner is connected with a load, the combined power supply controller is connected with the current combiner, and the input end of the aluminum air battery is also connected with the input end of the aluminum ion battery; the combined power supply controller is used for acquiring the required power of the load, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum ion battery, controlling the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum ion battery to supply power to the load, controlling the aluminum-air battery to charge the aluminum ion battery, and controlling the ion battery to recover the energy generated by the motor of the load.
As an optional implementation, the combined power supply system further includes: aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter. The combined power controller is connected with the output end of the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter, and the input end of the aluminum air battery is connected with the input end of the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter.
As an alternative embodiment, the co-current device includes a DC/AC converter, a DC/DC converter, and a signal communication port. The output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the DC/AC converter; the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the DC/DC converter; the output end of the DC/AC converter is connected with an AC driven load, and the output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with a DC driven load; and the combined power supply controller is connected with the signal communication port.
As an alternative embodiment, the rated power of the aluminum-air battery is 5000W; the voltage of the aluminum ion battery is 3V, and the current of the aluminum ion battery is 50A.
As an alternative embodiment, the aluminum-air battery system formed by the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-air battery controller has the system energy density of 800 wh/kg-1200 wh/kg.
The combination power supply system of this embodiment combines aluminium air battery and aluminium ion battery, because aluminium air battery energy density is big, and the journey continuation mileage is long, does not need the gas holder, and occupation space is little, and aluminium ion battery power density is big, and climbing and acceleration ability are strong, so both can keep long distance to go, can adapt to the complex environment again and go to the reserves of aluminium are abundant, the low price, and it is convenient to make.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a combined power supply control method, which is applied to the combined power supply system of embodiment 1. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a combined power supply control method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, and referring to fig. 2, the method includes:
step S1: and determining the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery.
Step S2: and acquiring the required power of the load.
Step S3: and distributing the output power of the aluminum-air battery and the output power of the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a fuzzy control energy management algorithm according to the charge state of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery and the required power of the load.
The step S3 specifically includes:
and when the required power of the load is smaller than a first set power value and the state of charge of the aluminum ion battery is in a state of not being full, controlling the ion battery to recover the energy generated by the motor of the load.
When the required power of the load is greater than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is less than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is less than or equal to the maximum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, controlling the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery to be a first set ratio, and controlling the aluminum-air battery to charge the aluminum-ion battery; the first set ratio is greater than 1.
When the required power of the load is larger than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is smaller than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is smaller than the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is larger than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is controlled to be a first set ratio.
When the required power of the load is greater than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is greater than or equal to the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery, the output power of the aluminum-air battery is controlled to be the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, and the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is a second set ratio; the second set ratio is less than 1.
When the required power of the load is larger than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is larger than or equal to the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is larger than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is smaller than the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, the output power of the aluminum-air battery is controlled to be the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, and the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is a first set proportion.
As an optional implementation, the determining the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery specifically includes:
and respectively estimating the charge states of the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a mode of combining an open-circuit voltage method and an ampere-hour integration method to obtain the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery.
As an alternative embodiment, the first set power value is zero; the first set ratio is 6: 4; the second set ratio is 4: 6.
the power supply control method in the embodiment can realize high-energy and high-power supply, so that the load can run for a long distance.
A more specific example is provided below.
Example 3
Although the aluminum-air battery can provide higher specific energy and can play a great role in prolonging the working time of a load, the aluminum-air battery cannot provide larger peak power due to lower power density, and the aluminum-air battery serving as a unique energy source of the electric load cannot meet the peak power of the electric load under working conditions of starting, accelerating, climbing and the like. Meanwhile, due to the particularity of the capacity mode of the aluminum-air battery, the aluminum-air battery has no charging function, so that a power supply is also needed to be used as an auxiliary of the aluminum-air battery due to the requirement of braking energy recovery. The aluminum ion battery has the characteristics of large instantaneous discharge current, long cycle life, short charging time, high specific power and the like, can effectively make up for the defects of low energy density and non-charging of the aluminum air power battery, and can prolong the endurance time of an electric load, meet the power performance of the whole load, improve the energy recovery efficiency and reduce the production cost by matching the aluminum air battery with the aluminum ion battery.
The high-energy-density aluminum-air battery is used as a main energy source, the high-power-density aluminum-ion battery is used as an auxiliary energy source, and the matching of the high-energy-density aluminum-air battery and the high-power-density aluminum-ion battery enables the energy and the power of the electric load to be satisfied doubly. For the energy distribution of the composite driving power supply, the basic distribution principle is as follows: the aluminum-air battery with high specific energy provides energy under most of the working conditions of smoothness, stability and low power, and the aluminum-ion battery with high specific power provides peak power under relatively few fluctuation working conditions and at the stage of frequent speed change. Therefore, the aluminum-air battery is corresponding to guarantee of working time, and the aluminum-ion battery is guaranteed of full-range peak power.
Based on this, the working process of the combined power supply control method provided by the present embodiment is as shown in fig. 3. Referring to fig. 3, the combined power supply control method includes:
1. when the system works, the combined power supply controller is started firstly to carry out initialization operation, and a main program enters a large circulation body.
2. The combined power supply controller collects voltage, current and temperature signals of the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery, judges whether the system works normally, closes a program if the system works abnormally, and performs the following operations if all indexes are normal. The parameters of the aluminum air cell and the rate ion cell are shown in table 1 when the system is operating normally.
(1) State of charge (SOC) estimation: and estimating the SOC of the aluminum-air battery and the SOC of the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a mode of combining an open-circuit voltage method and an ampere-hour integration method.
(2) And collecting the power required by the load.
(3) Energy management: and distributing the output power of the aluminum air and aluminum ion battery by adopting a fuzzy control energy management algorithm.
(4) The working state of the aluminum air battery is controlled by an aluminum air battery controller.
(5) And controlling the working state of the aluminum ion battery according to the signal of the aluminum ion battery converter.
(4) And finally, judging whether the system receives a signal for stopping working, if so, closing the program, and otherwise, continuing working.
TABLE 1 aluminum air cell and aluminum ion cell parameters
The idea of energy management is as follows:
1. the aluminum air cell alone drives the motor. The aluminum air battery is used as a main energy source of the system, provides most energy of the whole electric load operation stage, generally keeps constant-speed running, requires less power for the electric load motor, and is solely provided with energy by the aluminum air battery.
2. The aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery jointly drive a load motor. When the electric unmanned aerial vehicle or the automobile climbs a slope or runs in an accelerating mode, the driving motor is high in required power and simultaneously needs high power for a long time. If the power is supplied by the aluminum-air battery alone, the power requirement is probably not met; if by the independent energy supply of aluminium ion battery, because aluminium ion battery energy storage is lower, reliability when can not guarantee independent energy supply. In conclusion, the best choice is provided by the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery together in the stage of accelerating climbing, and the power performance of the electric unmanned aerial vehicle or the automobile can be well guaranteed.
3. The aluminum-air battery charges the aluminum-ion battery. In the whole load operation process, the electric quantity stored by the aluminum ion battery is not large, so that the electric quantity is possibly used up in the process of starting up the accelerated climbing slope, and the aluminum air battery charges the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC exchanger in the operation process, so that the aluminum ion battery is ensured to play a role when needed.
4. And the aluminum ion battery recovers braking energy. When the electric unmanned aerial vehicle or the automobile is in a braking state, energy generated by braking flows to the double-energy-source system, and because the aluminum air battery is a non-rechargeable battery, braking energy is charged into the aluminum ion battery through the DC/AC converter in the parallel device, and when the energy stored in the aluminum ion battery is full, the braking energy of the electric automobile is not recovered.
The following describes the fuzzy control rule of the fuzzy control energy management algorithm in this embodiment.
1) And the combined power supply controller tracks the power required by the load in real time.
2) The aluminum air battery is used as a main energy source and is always in a power supply state in the working process, and when the power required by a load is greater than the rated power of the aluminum air battery, the aluminum air battery outputs at the rated power.
3) When the state of charge (SOC) of the aluminum-air battery is not less than 20%, the aluminum-air battery normally outputs power, and when the residual SOC of the aluminum-air battery is less than 20% at a fixed value, the aluminum-air battery stops working.
4) The characteristic that the aluminum ion battery outputs high power instantly is fully utilized, and when the power required by the load is smaller than the rated power of the aluminum air battery, the aluminum air battery charges the aluminum ion battery at a low current, so that the SOC of the aluminum ion battery is maintained at a higher level of more than 80%.
5) When the load is in a light load or braking state, the required power of the load is very small or negative, and at the moment, the motor of the electric load plays a role in generating electricity, so that the energy can be recovered to the composite driving power supply system. Because the aluminum air battery in the composite driving power supply can not recover energy, the energy is recovered when the residual capacity of the aluminum ion battery is not full, and if the residual capacity of the aluminum ion battery is full, the energy is not recovered any more.
6) When in useWhen the electric automobile is in a non-braking operation state, the required power of the load is positive, and the positive value of the required power needs to be analyzed. If the required power is small, the load is in a stable running state or a low-speed running state, the aluminum air battery supplies relatively stable and continuous low power under the condition that the SOC of the aluminum air battery is not less than 20%, and if the power of the aluminum air battery accounts for a large proportion (60%) in the combined battery, even if the SOC of the aluminum air battery is less than 20%, the state of continuous energy output cannot be ensured, and meanwhile, the SOC of the aluminum ion battery is not guaranteedIonRather than being small (greater than 20%), an aluminum-ion battery would provide energy in conjunction with an aluminum-air battery at such small power requirements. If the required power of the load is larger, the load is in a starting, accelerating or climbing stage, the average power is normally provided by the aluminum-air battery, the peak power is provided by the aluminum-ion battery, and the power provided by the aluminum-ion battery is far larger than the power provided by the aluminum-air battery. But if the remaining capacity of the aluminum ion battery or the aluminum-air battery is low, the load is braked. If the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-ion battery is less than 20%, then power is primarily provided by the aluminum-air battery.
7) When the load power of the aluminum-air battery is less than the rated output power of the aluminum-air battery, the aluminum-air battery is charged through an aluminum-ion battery converter; when the power required by the load is larger, the charging of the aluminum ion battery is stopped, and the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery output power to the load through the current merger. The parallel flow device has the functions of multi-end input and current distribution, and can control the output power of the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery in real time according to an energy management strategy so as to meet the power requirement of a load. The parallel flow model can respectively control the output power of the aluminum air battery and the output power of the aluminum ion battery in real time through the parallel flow device, and realizes the safe current charging of the aluminum air battery to the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery converter, so that the aluminum ion battery is well protected.
Two specific examples are provided below.
1. When the load is a load driven by direct current, the combined power supply control method comprises the following steps:
for example, the robot needs power, and the source of the robot consists of an aluminum air battery and an aluminum ion battery. If energy loss caused by heating or mechanical loss and the like in the energy transfer process is not counted, the power relationship among the three is as follows:
Preq＝PMetal+PIon；
wherein, PreqIs the power demand of the robot, PMetalIs the power supplied by an aluminum air cell, PIonIs the power provided by the aluminum ion battery.
The final aim of the fuzzy logic air strategy is to reasonably distribute the required power of the robot between the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery of the composite driving power supply, so that the power ratio K of the aluminum air battery power in the required power of the robot is defined hereinMetalAs an output result of the fuzzy control, the expression form thereof is as follows:
KMetal＝PMetal/Preq；
PMetal＝Preq·KMetal；
PIon＝Preq(1-KMetal)；
the power which can be provided by the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery is represented by the power ratio factor pair of the robot required power and the aluminum-air battery power.
The final output result, namely the power ratio K of the aluminum-air battery is obtained through fuzzy controlMetalIt is necessary to know several relevant quantities affecting it, respectively the required power, the aluminum air cell output power and the aluminum ion cell output power. Since the SOC determines the discharge power of the aluminum-air battery and the charge-discharge power of the aluminum-ion battery, the input quantity of the fuzzy logic control can be determined as the required power P of the robotreqAnd the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-air batteryMetalAnd state of charge SOC of aluminum ion batteryIon. The SOC of the aluminum-air battery or the aluminum-ion battery has great influence on the working performance of the aluminum-air battery or the aluminum-ion battery, and if the SOC of the aluminum-ion battery is too highThe energy generated under the braking state of the robot cannot be recovered, and the SOC of the aluminum ion battery is too low, so that the peak power of the robot during starting, climbing or accelerating cannot be guaranteed, and the power performance of the whole machine is affected. The state of charge SOC limit conditions for aluminum air batteries and aluminum ion batteries are as follows:
SOCMetal_max(80％)≥SOCMetal≥SOCMetal_min(20％)；
SOCIon_max(80％)≥SOCIon≥SOCIon(20％)；
the aluminum air battery has high energy density and obvious endurance advantage, and can provide stable medium and small power required by the robot in the whole process. However, the aluminum-air battery cannot provide high power, does not have a charging function, and cannot recover braking energy of the robot when the robot slides down or slows down. The aluminum ion battery is complementary with the aluminum air battery, the energy density of the aluminum ion battery is small, energy required by the robot cannot be provided in a full range, but the power density of the aluminum ion battery is high, when the robot cannot obtain power from the aluminum air battery completely in the starting, climbing or accelerating stages, the aluminum ion battery can provide great instantaneous peak power, but the stored energy of the aluminum ion battery is not as good as that of the aluminum air battery, and only the peak power requirement in a short time or the acceleration requirement in a period of time can be met.
When the robot is in a braking state, the required power P of the robotreqAt this time, the motor of the robot performs a power generation function, and energy can be recovered to the hybrid driving power supply system. Since the aluminum air battery in the composite driving power supply cannot recover energy, the control rule is simpler under the condition that the required power is negative.
Output KMetalOnly by the magnitude of the required negative power and the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-ion batteryIonDetermination of the state of charge SOC of an aluminum-air batteryMetalIs irrelevant. If the residual capacity of the aluminum ion battery is full, the energy is not recovered any more.
When the robot is in the non-braking normal working state, the need of the robotPower P is obtainedreqFor positive, the magnitude of the positive value of the demanded power needs to be analyzed at this time. If the power P is requiredreqSmaller (lower than the rated power of the aluminum air battery), which indicates that the robot is in a stable running state or a low-speed running state, and the state of charge SOC of the aluminum air batteryMetalNot in the smaller case (more than 20%), the aluminium-air battery supplies a relatively stable continuous small power, KMetalLarger (greater than 60%), if the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-air battery isMetalSmall (less than 20%), the state of continuous output energy may not be guaranteed, and the state of charge SOC of the aluminum ion battery may be reducedIonIf not smaller, the aluminum-ion battery and the aluminum-air battery will provide energy together under the small power requirement (K at the moment)MetalGreater than 60%).
If the required power P of the robotreqThe power ratio of the aluminum-air battery is larger (higher than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery), at the moment, the robot is in a starting, accelerating or climbing stage, the aluminum-air battery provides the mean power under normal conditions, the aluminum-ion battery provides the peak power, the power provided by the aluminum-ion battery is far larger than the power provided by the aluminum-air battery, and the power ratio factor K of the aluminum-air battery is larger than the power provided by the aluminum-air batteryMetalSmaller (less than 40%), and the power ratio factor K of the aluminum ion batteryIonIs relatively large. But if the residual capacity of the aluminum ion battery or the aluminum-air battery is low, the brake is required. If the state of charge SOC of the aluminum ion batteryIonLower, then the power is supplied primarily by the aluminum air cell.
2. When the load is an alternating current driven load, the combined power supply control method comprises the following steps:
for example, the required power of the electric automobile is obtained by two parts, namely an aluminum air battery and an aluminum ion battery. If energy loss caused by heating or mechanical loss and the like in the energy transfer process is not counted, the power relationship among the three is as follows:
Preq＝k(PMetal+PIon)；
wherein, PreqIs the required power, P, of the electric vehicleMetalIs the power supplied by an aluminum air cell, PIonIs the power provided by the aluminum ion battery, and k is the coefficient of converting direct current power into alternating current power.
The final aim of the fuzzy logic air strategy is to reasonably distribute the required power of the electric vehicle between the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery of the composite driving power supply, so that the power ratio K of the aluminum air battery power in the required power of the electric vehicle is defined hereinMetalAs an output result of the fuzzy control, the expression form thereof is as follows:
KMetal＝PMetal/(Preq/k)；
PMetal＝(Preq/k)·KMetal；
PIon＝(Preq/k)(1-KMetal)；
the power which can be provided by the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery is represented by the power required by the electric automobile and the power ratio factor of the aluminum-air battery.
The final output result, namely the power ratio K of the aluminum-air battery is obtained through fuzzy controlMetalIt is necessary to know several relevant quantities affecting it, respectively the required power, the aluminum air cell output power and the aluminum ion cell output power. Since the SOC determines the discharge power of the aluminum-air battery and the charge-discharge power of the aluminum-ion battery, the input quantity of the fuzzy logic control can be determined as the required power P of the electric automobilereqAnd the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-air batteryMetalAnd state of charge SOC of aluminum ion batteryIon. Regardless of the aluminum-air battery or the aluminum-ion battery, the SOC of the aluminum-air battery or the aluminum-ion battery has a great influence on the working performance of the aluminum-ion battery, if the SOC of the aluminum-ion battery is too high, the energy generated in the braking state of the electric vehicle cannot be recovered, and if the SOC of the aluminum-ion battery is too low, the peak power of the electric vehicle during starting, climbing or accelerating cannot be guaranteed, so that the power performance of the whole machine is influenced. The state of charge SOC limit conditions for aluminum air batteries and aluminum ion batteries are as follows:
SOCMetal_max(80％)≥SOCMetal≥SOCMetal_min(20％)；
SOCIon_max(80％)≥SOCIon≥SOCIon(20％)；
the aluminum-air battery has high energy density and obvious endurance advantage, and can provide stable medium and small power required by the electric automobile in the whole process. However, the aluminum-air battery cannot provide high power, and at the same time, the aluminum-air battery does not have a charging function, and cannot recover braking energy of the electric automobile during braking. The aluminum ion battery is complementary with the aluminum air battery, the energy density of the aluminum ion battery is small, energy required by the electric automobile cannot be provided in the whole process, but the power density of the aluminum ion battery is high, when the electric automobile cannot obtain power from the aluminum air battery completely in the starting, climbing or accelerating stages, the aluminum ion battery can provide great instantaneous peak power, but the storable energy of the aluminum ion battery is not as good as that of the aluminum air battery, and the peak power requirement in a short time or the acceleration requirement in a period of time can only be met.
When the electric automobile is in a braking state, the required power P of the electric automobilereqAt this time, the motor of the electric vehicle performs a power generation function, and energy can be recovered to the hybrid drive power supply system. Since the aluminum air battery in the composite driving power supply cannot recover energy, the control rule is simpler under the condition that the required power is negative.
Output KMetalOnly by the magnitude of the required negative power and the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-ion batteryIonDetermination of the state of charge SOC of an aluminum-air batteryMetalIs irrelevant. If the residual capacity of the aluminum ion battery is full, the energy is not recovered any more.
When the electric automobile is in the non-braking normal working state, the required power P of the electric automobilereqFor positive, the magnitude of the positive value of the demanded power needs to be analyzed at this time. If the power P is requiredreqThe smaller value indicates that the electric automobile is in a stable running state or a low-speed running state and the state of charge SOC of the aluminum-air batteryMetalNot in the smaller case (more than 20%), the aluminium-air battery supplies a relatively stable continuous small power, KMetalGreater if the state of charge SOC of the aluminum air cell isMetalSmaller (less than 20)%) may not be able to guarantee a state of continuous output energy, and at the same time, the state of charge SOC of the aluminum ion batteryIonRather than smaller, the aluminum-ion battery and the aluminum-air battery will provide energy together at such low power requirements.
If the required power P of the electric automobilereqThe electric automobile is in a starting, accelerating or climbing stage, the mean power provided by the aluminum-air battery is the peak power provided by the aluminum-ion battery under normal conditions, the power provided by the aluminum-ion battery is far greater than the power provided by the aluminum-air battery, and the power ratio factor K of the aluminum-air battery is larger than the power ratio factor K of the aluminum-air batteryMetalSmaller, and the power ratio factor K of the aluminum ion batteryIonIs relatively large. But if the residual capacity of the aluminum ion battery or the aluminum-air battery is low, the brake is required. If the state of charge SOC of the aluminum ion batteryIonLower, then the power is supplied primarily by the aluminum air cell.
The combined power supply control method of the embodiment solves the problem that a single power supply cannot well meet the requirements of energy and power at the same time, and uses an aluminum air battery with high theoretical energy density and an aluminum ion battery with high power density as backgrounds, and uses the aluminum air battery and the aluminum ion battery to form a composite driving power supply, wherein the specific energy of the composite driving power supply is not lower than 500Wh/kg, and the pulse specific power is not lower than 500W/kg, so that the high energy and the high power can be provided, and the price is low.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A combined power supply system, comprising: the system comprises an aluminum air battery, an aluminum ion battery, an aluminum air battery controller, a combined power controller and a parallel flow device;
the input end of the aluminum air battery is connected with the combined power supply controller through the aluminum air battery controller, the input end of the aluminum ion battery is connected with the combined power supply controller, the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the current combiner, the output end of the current combiner is connected with a load, the combined power supply controller is connected with the current combiner, and the input end of the aluminum air battery is also connected with the input end of the aluminum ion battery; the combined power supply controller is used for acquiring the required power of the load, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum ion battery, controlling the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum ion battery to supply power to the load, controlling the aluminum-air battery to charge the aluminum ion battery, and controlling the ion battery to recover the energy generated by the motor of the load.
2. The combined power supply system of claim 1, further comprising: an aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter;
the combined power controller is connected with the output end of the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter, and the input end of the aluminum air battery is connected with the input end of the aluminum ion battery through the aluminum ion battery DC/DC converter.
3. The combined power supply system of claim 1, wherein the current combiner comprises a DC/AC converter, a DC/DC converter and a signal communication port;
the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the DC/AC converter; the output end of the aluminum air battery and the output end of the aluminum ion battery are both connected with the input end of the DC/DC converter; the output end of the DC/AC converter is connected with an AC driven load, and the output end of the DC/DC converter is connected with a DC driven load; and the combined power supply controller is connected with the signal communication port.
4. The combined power supply system of claim 1, wherein the aluminum-air battery has a power rating of 5000W; the voltage of the aluminum ion battery is 3V, and the current of the aluminum ion battery is 50A.
5. A combined power supply control method applied to the combined power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising:
determining the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery;
acquiring the required power of a load;
and distributing the output power of the aluminum-air battery and the output power of the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a fuzzy control energy management algorithm according to the charge state of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery and the required power of the load.
6. The combined power supply control method according to claim 5, wherein the step of distributing the output power of the aluminum-air battery and the output power of the aluminum-ion battery by using a fuzzy control energy management algorithm according to the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery and the required power of the load specifically comprises:
when the required power of the load is smaller than a first set power value and the state of charge of the aluminum ion battery is in a state of being not full, controlling the ion battery to recover energy generated by a motor of the load;
when the required power of the load is greater than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is less than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is less than or equal to the maximum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, controlling the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery to be a first set ratio, and controlling the aluminum-air battery to charge the aluminum-ion battery; the first set proportion is greater than 1;
when the required power of the load is larger than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is smaller than the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery is smaller than the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery is larger than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery, controlling the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery to be a first set ratio;
when the required power of the load is greater than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is greater than or equal to the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-air battery, and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery is greater than or equal to the minimum set state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery, the output power of the aluminum-air battery is controlled to be the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, and the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is a second set ratio; the second set proportion is less than 1;
when the required power of the load is larger than or equal to a first set power value, the required power of the load is larger than or equal to the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, the charge state of the aluminum-air battery is larger than or equal to the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-air battery, and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery is smaller than the minimum set charge state of the aluminum-ion battery, the output power of the aluminum-air battery is controlled to be the rated power of the aluminum-air battery, and the power supply ratio of the aluminum-air battery to the aluminum-ion battery is a first set proportion.
7. The combined power supply control method according to claim 5, wherein the determining the state of charge of the aluminum-air battery and the state of charge of the aluminum-ion battery specifically comprises:
and respectively estimating the charge states of the aluminum-air battery and the aluminum-ion battery by adopting a mode of combining an open-circuit voltage method and an ampere-hour integration method to obtain the charge state of the aluminum-air battery and the charge state of the aluminum-ion battery.
8. The combined power supply control method according to claim 6, wherein the first set power value is zero; the first set ratio is 6: 4; the second set ratio is 4: 6.
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