CN111129778A - Wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and array antenna - Google Patents
Wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111129778A CN111129778A CN201811277398.8A CN201811277398A CN111129778A CN 111129778 A CN111129778 A CN 111129778A CN 201811277398 A CN201811277398 A CN 201811277398A CN 111129778 A CN111129778 A CN 111129778A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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Abstract
The application provides a wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and an array antenna. The application wide beam circular polarization antenna includes: the first PCB is positioned above the second PCB, the distance range between the first PCB and the second PCB is 0.25 lambda-0.5 lambda, the side length range of the second PCB is 0.25 lambda-0.5 lambda, and lambda represents the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna; the first PCB is provided with a circularly polarized antenna; and the second PCB is provided with a metamaterial surface structure, and the metamaterial surface structure is used for enhancing the electromagnetic field radiation intensity of the circularly polarized antenna in the horizontal direction. The present application increases the beam width of an antenna with a smaller wide beam circularly polarized antenna size and a simplified antenna structure.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to communications technologies, and in particular, to a wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and an array antenna.
Background
In the array antenna, the maximum radiation direction of the array element is generally in the normal direction of the plane of the array, and the gain of the array element with a larger angle deviating from the maximum radiation direction is obviously reduced, so that the gain of the whole array antenna is obviously reduced. If the array element can generate a central concave beam (namely a saddle-shaped beam) or a wide-angle beam, the problem of gain reduction when the wide-angle array antenna scans the edge of a cell can be fundamentally solved.
In the prior art, there is a cavity-backed self-phase shifting antenna, which includes a self-phase shifting antenna and a cavity-backed part, and can generate a saddle-shaped beam. When the array is formed, as long as the distance between the array elements is less than one wavelength, the grating lobes of the array antenna can be ensured to fall outside the visible region, so that the performance of the saddle-shaped wave beam is not influenced.
However, the cavity back size of the antenna itself has about one wavelength, and it cannot be guaranteed that the distance between the array elements is smaller than one wavelength, which results in a large antenna size.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and an array antenna, which increase the beam width of the antenna by using a smaller size of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and a simplified antenna structure.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, comprising: the first Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is located above the second PCB, a distance between the first PCB and the second PCB is in a range of 0.25 λ -0.5 λ (preferably 0.33 λ), λ represents a wavelength corresponding to an operating frequency band of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, a side length of the second PCB may be in a range of 0.25 λ -0.5 λ (preferably 0.5 λ), and the side length of the first PCB may be smaller than or equal to that of the second PCB for better generation of the wide-beam radiation. The first PCB is provided with a circularly polarized antenna, the second PCB is provided with a metamaterial surface structure, and the metamaterial surface structure is used for enhancing the electromagnetic field radiation intensity of the circularly polarized antenna 11 in the horizontal direction.
According to the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna with the metamaterial surface structure, strong electromagnetic field distribution can be generated, and large energy gathering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the antenna is guaranteed, so that the beam width of the antenna is increased by the aid of the smaller size of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and the simplified antenna structure.
In a possible implementation manner, the metamaterial surface structure includes a metal ring and a metal plate, the metal ring is disposed on a first face of the second PCB, the metal plate is disposed on a second face of the second PCB, the first face is a face of the second PCB facing the first PCB, and the second face is a face of the second PCB facing away from the first PCB. The metal ring can adopt a deployment mode that a plurality of closed metal rings with the same size are uniformly arranged on the second PCB, and the closed metal rings can be square or circular annular metal media.
In one possible implementation, the area occupied by the metal plate covers the area occupied by the metal ring in a direction perpendicular to the second PCB.
In one possible implementation manner, the circularly polarized antenna includes a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm, the first dipole arm is disposed on the first surface of the first PCB, the second dipole arm is disposed on the second surface of the first PCB, and the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm are connected through a feeder line; the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm respectively comprise a first stub and a second stub, the first stub and the second stub are perpendicular to each other, a first end point of the first stub and a first end point of the second stub are close to each other, and the two first end points are connected through a phase delay line; the included angle between the first stub of the first dipole arm and the first stub of the second dipole arm is 180 degrees; the first face is the face that deviates from the second PCB in the first PCB, and the second face is the face towards the second PCB in the first PCB.
In one possible implementation, the length of the first stub is in the range of 0.125 λ -0.25 λ (preferably 0.125 λ), the length of the second stub is 3-8 mm (preferably 5 mm) greater than the length of the first stub, and the length of the phase delay line is in the range of 0-0.125 λ (preferably 0.125 λ).
In a second aspect, the present application provides an array antenna comprising: a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas, the wide-beam circularly polarized antennas being any one of the antennas of the first aspect; the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged according to a set deployment scheme.
According to the array antenna, a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas with metamaterial surface structures can generate strong electromagnetic field distribution, large energy gathering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the antenna is guaranteed, and then the array antenna is formed by smaller antenna size and simplified antenna structures, and the scanning angle of the array antenna is enlarged.
In one possible implementation, the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged in a row or column linear array, or the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged in a square array. And a metal patch is arranged on the first surface of the first PCB in each wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and used for adjusting the beam axial ratio of the corresponding wide-beam circularly polarized antenna. The distance between two adjacent wide-beam circularly polarized antennas is in the range of 0.4 λ -0.7 λ (preferably 0.5 λ).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-beam circularly polarized antenna according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna according to the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of a second PCB according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of a second PCB according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an array antenna according to the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the array antenna of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a wide-beam circularly polarized antenna according to the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the antenna according to the present embodiment may include: the distance between the first PCB10 and the second PCB20 is in the range of 0.25 λ -0.5 λ (preferably 0.33 λ), λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, the side length of the second PCB20 may be in the range of 0.25 λ -0.5 λ (preferably 0.5 λ), and the side length of the first PCB10 may be smaller than or equal to the side length of the second PCB20 for better generation of the wide-beam radiation, e.g. a saddle-shaped beam. The first PCB10 is provided with a circularly polarized antenna 11, the circularly polarized antenna 11 is used for satellite communication in aerospace, the second PCB20 is provided with a metamaterial surface structure 21, and the metamaterial surface structure 21 is used for enhancing the electromagnetic field radiation intensity of the circularly polarized antenna 11 in the horizontal direction.
According to the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna with the metamaterial surface structure, strong electromagnetic field distribution can be generated, and large energy gathering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the antenna is guaranteed, so that the beam width of the antenna is increased by the aid of the smaller size of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and the simplified antenna structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna of the present application, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first surface of a second PCB of the second embodiment of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna of the present application, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second surface of the second PCB of the second embodiment of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna of the present application, fig. 2-4 are combined together, the circularly polarized antenna includes a first dipole arm 12 and a second dipole arm 13, wherein the first dipole arm 12 includes a first stub 121 and a second stub 122, the first stub 121 and the second stub 122 are perpendicular to each other, a first end 121a of the first stub 121 and a first end 122a of the second stub 122 are close to each other, and the two first ends (121a and 122a) are connected by a phase delay line 123. The first dipole arm 12 is disposed on the first face 101 of the first PCB10, and the second dipole arm 13 is disposed on the second face 102 of the first PCB10 at a position corresponding to the first dipole arm 12 rotated by 180 degrees with the first end point 122a as a vertex. The first dipole arm 12 and the second dipole arm 13 are connected by a feeding line (not shown) penetrating the rotation vertex (122 a). The first side 101 is the side of the first PCB10 facing away from the second PCB20 and the second side 102 is the side of the first PCB10 facing towards the second PCB 20.
The metamaterial surface structure comprises a metal ring 22 and a metal plate 23, the metal ring 22 is arranged on a first face 201 of the second PCB20, the metal plate 23 is arranged on a second face 202 of the second PCB20, the first face 201 is a face, facing the first PCB10, of the second PCB20, and the second face 202 is a face, facing away from the first PCB10, of the second PCB 20. The area occupied by the metal plate 23 covers the area occupied by the metal ring 22 in a direction perpendicular to the second PCB 20. The metal ring 22 may be disposed on the second PCB20 in a uniform manner by using a plurality of closed metal rings with the same size. Alternatively, the closed metal ring may be a ring-shaped metal medium of a square or a circle.
In one possible implementation, the length of the first stub 121 ranges from 0.125 λ to 0.25 λ (preferably 0.125 λ), the length of the second stub 122 is 3 to 8 mm (preferably 5 mm) greater than the length of the first stub 121, the length of the phase delay line 123 ranges from 0 to 0.125 λ (preferably 0.125 λ), and when the first end point 121a of the first stub 121 and the first end point 122a of the second stub 122 are close to and in contact with each other, a phase delay line is not required between the first stub 121 and the second stub 122 in this case, and thus, the length thereof is 0.
According to the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna with the metamaterial surface structure, strong electromagnetic field distribution can be generated, and large energy gathering in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the antenna is guaranteed, so that the beam width of the antenna is increased by the aid of the smaller size of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and the simplified antenna structure.
In one possible implementation, the present application provides an array antenna, which may include a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas, where the antennas shown in fig. 1 to 4 are used, and the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged according to a set deployment scheme. The array antenna adopts a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas with metamaterial surface structures to generate strong electromagnetic field distribution, ensures that large energy is gathered in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the antenna, and further forms the array antenna with smaller antenna size and simplified antenna structures to enlarge the scanning angle of the array antenna.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged in a line or a column of linear array.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the array antenna of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged in a square array.
The array antennas shown in fig. 5 and 6 are two exemplary arrangements of a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas, and when the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are formed into a linear array or a square array, the distance between two adjacent wide-beam circularly polarized antennas is in the range of 0.4 λ -0.7 λ (preferably 0.5 λ). Since the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antenna coupling arrays may affect the respective beam axis ratios, a metal patch 24 is disposed on the first surface of the first PCB in each wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, the metal patch 24 may have any polygonal shape, such as a rectangle, a square, a hexagon, etc., and the metal patch 24 is used to adjust the beam axis ratio of the corresponding wide-beam circularly polarized antenna. The different lengths and widths of the metal patches 24 may adjust the respective beam axis ratios to maintain a saddle-shaped beam for wide angular scanning even if the array antenna is affected by coupling. It should be noted that, the plurality of wide-beam circular polarization antennas shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6 may be respectively disposed on isolated PCBs, that is, one wide-beam circular polarization antenna is disposed on one PCB, so that there may be a plurality of PCBs of the array antenna, or all of the plurality of wide-beam circular polarization antennas may be disposed on one PCB, so that there is only one PCB of the array antenna, which is not specifically limited in this application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A wide-beam circularly polarized antenna, comprising: the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna comprises a first Printed Circuit Board (PCB) positioned above and a second PCB positioned below, wherein the distance range between the first PCB and the second PCB is 0.25 lambda-0.5 lambda, the side length range of the second PCB is 0.25 lambda-0.5 lambda, and lambda represents the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the wide-beam circularly polarized antenna; the first PCB is provided with a circularly polarized antenna; and the second PCB is provided with a metamaterial surface structure, and the metamaterial surface structure is used for enhancing the electromagnetic field radiation intensity of the circularly polarized antenna in the horizontal direction.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the metamaterial surface structure comprises a metal ring disposed on a first side of the second PCB and a metal plate disposed on a second side of the second PCB, the first side being a side of the second PCB facing the first PCB, the second side being a side of the second PCB facing away from the first PCB.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the area occupied by the metal plate covers the area occupied by the metal ring in a direction perpendicular to the second PCB.
4. An antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the metal loop is deployed in a manner that a plurality of closed metal loops of the same size are uniformly arranged on the second PCB.
5. An antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the closed metal loop is a square or circular ring-shaped metal medium.
6. The antenna of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the circularly polarized antenna comprises a first dipole arm and a second dipole arm, the first dipole arm being disposed on a first side of the first PCB, the second dipole arm being disposed on a second side of the first PCB, the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm being connected by a feed line;
the first dipole arm and the second dipole arm each include a first stub and a second stub, the first stub and the second stub are perpendicular to each other, a first end point of the first stub and a first end point of the second stub are close to each other and the two first end points are connected by a phase delay line;
the included angle between the first stub of the first dipole arm and the first stub of the second dipole arm is 180 degrees;
the first surface is a surface of the first PCB which deviates from the second PCB, and the second surface is a surface of the first PCB which faces the second PCB.
7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein the length of the first stub is in the range of 0.125 λ -0.25 λ, the length of the second stub is 3-8 mm greater than the length of the first stub, and the length of the phase delay line is in the range of 0-0.125 λ.
8. An array antenna, comprising: a plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas employing the antenna of any one of claims 1-7; the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged according to a set deployment scheme.
9. The array antenna of claim 8, wherein the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged in a row or column array.
10. The array antenna of claim 8, wherein the plurality of wide-beam circularly polarized antennas are arranged in a square array.
11. The array antenna of any one of claims 8-10, wherein a metal patch is disposed on the first surface of the first PCB of each of the wide-beam circularly polarized antennas, and the metal patch is configured to adjust a beam axis ratio of the corresponding wide-beam circularly polarized antenna.
12. The array antenna of any one of claims 8-11, wherein the distance between two adjacent wide-beam circularly polarized antennas is in the range of 0.4 λ -0.7 λ.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811277398.8A CN111129778A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and array antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811277398.8A CN111129778A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and array antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111129778A true CN111129778A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811277398.8A Pending CN111129778A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Wide-beam circularly polarized antenna and array antenna |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8872725B1 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2014-10-28 | University Of South Florida | Electronically-tunable flexible low profile microwave antenna |
| CN104269607A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-07 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband dipole antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor structure |
| CN106025560A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | EBG structure based low profile ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
| CN106384883A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-08 | 复旦大学 | Meta-material cross dipole circularly-polarized antenna |
-
2018
- 2018-10-30 CN CN201811277398.8A patent/CN111129778A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8872725B1 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2014-10-28 | University Of South Florida | Electronically-tunable flexible low profile microwave antenna |
| CN104269607A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-07 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband dipole antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor structure |
| CN106025560A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | EBG structure based low profile ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
| CN106384883A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-08 | 复旦大学 | Meta-material cross dipole circularly-polarized antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| HUY HUNG TRAN AND IKMO PARK: ""Wideband circularly polarized low-profile antenna using artificial magnetic conductor"", 《JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND APPLICATIONS》 * |
| HUY HUNG TRAN: ""Circularly Polarized Bandwidth-Enhanced Crossed Dipole Antenna With a Simple Single Parasitic Element"", 《IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS》 * |
| J.-W. BAIK: ""Circularly polarised printed crossed dipole antennas with broadband axial ratio"", 《ELECTRONICS LETTERS》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200508 |