CN111129699A - Satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna - Google Patents
Satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111129699A CN111129699A CN201911386258.9A CN201911386258A CN111129699A CN 111129699 A CN111129699 A CN 111129699A CN 201911386258 A CN201911386258 A CN 201911386258A CN 111129699 A CN111129699 A CN 111129699A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna which comprises a metal chassis, wherein a feeder connector is arranged below the metal chassis, a supporting seat is arranged above the metal chassis, a frustum vibrator is arranged in the supporting seat, a spiral vibrator is arranged above the frustum vibrator, a supporting rod extending in the vertical direction is arranged between the frustum vibrator and the spiral vibrator, the spiral vibrator comprises a beryllium bronze wire extending upwards in a spiral shape, the beryllium bronze wire is arranged in a hollow vibrator supporting cylinder, and the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire is connected with a metal top seat. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna is small in size and light in weight, the gain and the electrical property of the antenna are improved through the metal top seat, and meanwhile the antenna has corrosion resistance due to the arrangement of the oscillator supporting cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of communication antennas, and particularly relates to a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna.
Background
VHF antenna is used for receiving the signal of VHF wave band, because the frequency of VHF frequency channel signal is low, the wavelength is longer, so lead to the size of VHF antenna generally bigger than normal, and along with aviation development, the microsatellite is widely used, VHF antenna inevitable develops towards miniaturized direction yet, the general volume of current VHF antenna is great, can't realize the high gain of antenna when reducing the antenna volume, and the oscillator of current VHF antenna is mostly exposed in external environment, can't play good protection to the oscillator, the oscillator easily receives the corruption infringement.
Therefore, how to miniaturize the VHF antenna and increase the antenna gain thereof, and make the antenna element not easily corroded is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, and solves the problems that a VHF frequency band antenna in the prior art is heavy in mass, low in gain and incapable of well performing corrosive protection on an antenna oscillator.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna which comprises a metal chassis, wherein a feeder line connector is arranged below the metal chassis, a supporting seat is arranged above the metal chassis, a frustum vibrator is arranged in the supporting seat, a spiral vibrator is arranged above the frustum vibrator, a supporting rod extending in the vertical direction is arranged between the frustum vibrator and the spiral vibrator, the spiral vibrator comprises a beryllium bronze wire extending upwards in a spiral shape, the beryllium bronze wire is arranged in a hollow vibrator supporting cylinder, and the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire is connected with a metal top seat.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, a vibrator seat is further arranged inside the vibrator supporting cylinder, and the lower end of the beryllium bronze wire is connected with the vibrator seat.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, a first oscillator through hole is formed in the center of the metal top seat, the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through the first oscillator through hole, a second oscillator through hole is formed in the upper end face of the oscillator seat, and the lower end of the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through the second oscillator through hole.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, the side surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the support rod are provided with external threads, the lower end surface of the oscillator seat and the upper end surface of the frustum oscillator are provided with mounting holes, the mounting holes are internally provided with internal threads matched with the external threads, and the support rod is in threaded fit connection with the oscillator seat and the frustum oscillator.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the invention, the supporting rod is vertically conducted along the axial direction thereof.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, the feeder joint includes a metal inner core and a metal outer shell wrapping the metal inner core, the metal inner core and the metal outer shell are insulated from each other, the metal inner core passes through a via hole formed in the center of the metal chassis and then is connected to the lower bottom surface of the frustum vibrator, and the metal outer shell is electrically connected to the metal chassis.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, the supporting seat is provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole which are vertically communicated, the caliber of the upper through hole is slightly larger than the caliber of the lower end of the supporting rod, the caliber of the lower through hole is slightly larger than the caliber of the frustum vibrator, the bottom of the supporting seat radially extends outwards to form a first flange, and the first flange is provided with a plurality of screw holes for connecting with the metal chassis.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, the oscillator support cylinder is provided with an upper opening for placing the oscillator seat and a lower opening with a caliber slightly larger than that of the upper end of the support rod, and the upper opening and the lower opening are communicated with each other up and down.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, a second flange extends radially outwards from the upper end of the oscillator support cylinder, the shape of the metal top seat is matched with that of the second flange, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the second flange and the metal top seat, and the second flange and the metal top seat are fixed through screws.
In another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, the wire diameter of the spiral beryllium bronze wire is 2mm, the diameter is 10mm, and the height is 90mm, the diameter of the supporting rod is 20mm, the length is 206mm, the diameter of the frustum vibrator is 30mm, and the height is 42 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna which comprises a metal chassis, wherein a feeder connector is arranged below the metal chassis, a supporting seat is arranged above the metal chassis, a frustum vibrator is arranged in the supporting seat, a spiral vibrator is arranged above the frustum vibrator, a supporting rod extending in the vertical direction is arranged between the frustum vibrator and the spiral vibrator, the spiral vibrator comprises a beryllium bronze wire extending upwards in a spiral shape, the beryllium bronze wire is arranged in a hollow vibrator supporting cylinder, and the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire is connected with a metal top seat. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna is small in size and light in weight, the gain and the electrical property of the antenna are improved through the metal top seat, and meanwhile the antenna has corrosion resistance due to the arrangement of the oscillator supporting cylinder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a high-gain VHF antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembled schematic view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the helical dipole and the dipole supporting cylinder in another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of standing-wave ratio of the feeder terminal in another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a 3D pattern of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of another embodiment of the present invention at a 160MHz frequency;
FIG. 7 is a 2D directional diagram of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna at the frequency of 156MHz in another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a 2D pattern of the antenna at 160MHz in another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a 2D pattern of the antenna at 164MHz in another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a 3D gain diagram at the 160MHz frequency point for another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph of gain in two planes XOZ and YOZ at 156MHz for another embodiment of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a gain diagram of the XOY plane of the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of another embodiment of the present invention at 156 MHz.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It is to be noted that, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of an embodiment of a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the invention, fig. 2 is an assembled schematic view of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the invention, fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection between a helical vibrator and a vibrator support cylinder in another embodiment of a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna of the invention, and referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna comprises a metal chassis 1, a feeder connector 2 is arranged below the metal chassis 1, a support base 3 is arranged above the metal chassis 1, a frustum vibrator 4 is arranged inside the support base 3, a helical vibrator 5 is arranged above the frustum vibrator 4, a support rod 6 extending in a vertical direction is arranged between the frustum vibrator 4 and the helical vibrator 5, the helical vibrator 5 comprises a beryllium bronze wire, the beryllium bronze wire 51 is arranged inside the hollow oscillator supporting cylinder 7, and the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire 51 is connected with the metal top seat 8.
Increase metal footstock 8 in this antenna top, the radiation piece promptly, the electric length of this antenna has been improved on the one hand, do benefit to the radiation characteristic who improves the antenna, make the antenna reach high gain's purpose, on the other hand, because adding of metal footstock establishes, can guarantee that the spiral oscillator that links to each other with it is difficult for taking place deformation, guarantee the stability of its structure, meanwhile, the setting up of metal footstock makes this antenna obtain higher electrical property, the further increase of this antenna size has been avoided, thereby the miniaturization of antenna has been realized.
Preferably, the antenna is applied to a satellite star body, so that the antenna is not suitable to be too long in design length, the circulation length of the current of the antenna is increased by adopting a mode that a metal top seat is additionally arranged above a spiral oscillator, the effective electrical length of the antenna is further improved, and the high gain of the antenna is realized.
Preferably, in order to further increase the electrical length of the antenna, the roughness of the surface of the antenna structure is increased (e.g. the surface of the supporting rod is roughened and unsmooth), i.e. the surface of the antenna is roughened and unsmooth, so that the length of the antenna feed current flow path can be increased, the wave speed of the slow wave on the surface of the antenna can be reduced, and therefore, at the same phase lag position, the wave in the vacuum of the induction field region propagates farther, and the electrical length of the antenna can be further increased.
Preferably, the spiral vibrator 5 is arranged in the vibrator supporting cylinder 7, so that the spiral vibrator 5 is effectively prevented from being exposed, the corrosion resistance of the spiral vibrator 5 is improved, and the good working performance of the antenna can be kept for a long time.
Preferably, the beryllium bronze wire is selected as the spiral oscillator material because the beryllium bronze wire has good hardness and elasticity and high fatigue resistance, the antenna can vibrate when moving, and the common bronze wire or copper wire can deform due to the insufficient hardness and elasticity of the copper wire, so that the performance of the antenna is affected.
Preferably, the support rod and the spiral vibrator have different sensitivities or capacitances along with the length of the support rod and the spiral vibrator, the main parameters of the support rod are height and radius, and the main parameters of the spiral vibrator are radius of the spiral vibrator, screw pitch, diameter of beryllium bronze wire and height of the spiral vibratorThe quality factor Q of the support rod or the helical element can be adjusted by adjusting the above main parameters, the bandwidth of the antenna is affected by the quality factor Q, and the bandwidth BW of the antenna is W0/Q, wherein W0For the antenna resonant frequency, the higher the Q, the narrower the antenna bandwidth BW, and the adjustment of the antenna bandwidth further affects the matching state of the antenna, so that the good matching of the antenna can be realized by adjusting the main parameters of the support rod and the helical oscillator.
Preferably, the supporting seat 3 is provided with an upper through hole 31 and a lower through hole 32 which are vertically communicated, the caliber of the upper through hole 31 is slightly larger than the caliber of the lower end 62 of the supporting rod 6, the caliber of the lower through hole 32 is slightly larger than the caliber of the frustum vibrator 4, the bottom of the supporting seat 3 radially extends outwards to form a first flange 33, and the first flange 33 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 331 for connecting with the metal chassis 1.
Preferably, a vibrator seat 9 is further arranged inside the vibrator supporting cylinder 7, and the lower end of the beryllium bronze wire 51 is connected with the vibrator seat 9.
Preferably, the vibrator supporting cylinder 7 is provided with an upper opening 71 for placing the vibrator seat 9 therein, and a lower opening 72 with a caliber slightly larger than that of the upper end 61 of the supporting rod 6, and the upper opening 71 and the lower opening 72 are vertically communicated. The hollow design of the oscillator supporting cylinder reduces the weight of the antenna, and the oscillator seat and the spiral oscillator arranged in the oscillator supporting cylinder are protected from being affected by corrosion.
Further preferably, the metal top seat 8 is provided with a circular truncated cone 82 extending downwards, the shape of the circular truncated cone 82 is matched with that of the upper opening 71 of the vibrator supporting cylinder 7, and the circular truncated cone 82 is embedded into the upper opening 71, so that the metal top seat 8 is fixed above the vibrator supporting cylinder 7 conveniently, and meanwhile, the stability of a beryllium bronze wire connected with the metal top seat 8 is also improved.
Further preferably, a second flange 73 radially extends outwards from the upper end of the oscillator support cylinder 7, the shape of the metal top seat 8 is matched with that of the second flange 73, specifically, the shape of the outer edge of the metal top seat 8 is matched with that of the second flange 73, the second flange 73 and the metal top seat 8 are both correspondingly provided with screw holes 731, and the second flange 73 and the metal top seat 8 are fixed by screws, so that the fixed connection between the metal top seat 8 and the oscillator support cylinder 7 is further enhanced.
Preferably, the center of the metal top seat 8 is provided with a first vibrator through hole 81, the upper end 511 of the beryllium bronze wire 51 penetrates through the first vibrator through hole 81, the upper end face of the vibrator seat 9 is provided with a second vibrator through hole 91, the lower end 512 of the beryllium bronze wire 51 penetrates through the second vibrator through hole 91, in order to ensure that the beryllium bronze wire 51 and the vibrator seat 9 are firmly connected, the lower end 512 of the beryllium bronze wire 51 and the second vibrator through hole 91 can be welded and connected, further preferably, the metal top seat 8 is made of 2a12 aluminum silver plating, and in order to prevent tin plague from occurring at a welding point when the temperature is low, the welding point is welded in a lead-tin soldering mode.
Preferably, a groove 83 is formed in the center of the upper end face of the metal top seat 8, the groove 83 is connected with the first vibrator through hole 81 in a penetrating manner, and the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through the first vibrator through hole 81 from the lower side of the metal top seat 8 to reach the groove 83.
Preferably, the side surfaces of the upper end and the lower end of the support rod 6 are both provided with external threads, and particularly, the side surface of the upper end 61 of the support rod 6 is provided with an external thread 611, the side surface of the lower end 62 of the support rod is provided with an external thread 621, the lower end surface 92 of the vibrator seat 9 and the upper end surface 41 of the frustum vibrator 4 are provided with mounting holes, the mounting hole is internally provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, specifically, the lower end surface 92 of the vibrator seat 9 is provided with a mounting hole 921, the mounting hole 921 is internally provided with an internal thread 9211 matched with the external thread 611 on the side surface of the upper end of the support rod, mounting hole 411 has been seted up to frustum oscillator 4 up end 41, seted up in the mounting hole 411 with the internal thread 4111 of bracing piece lower extreme side surface external screw 621 looks adaptation, the bracing piece with oscillator seat and frustum oscillator screw-thread fit connect. The threaded structures are arranged to be matched and connected, so that the connection stability of the supporting rod, the vibrator seat and the frustum vibrator is enhanced, and the installation is convenient.
Preferably, the frustum vibrator 4 comprises a connecting portion 43 in a cylindrical shape and a conducting portion 44 in an inverted circular truncated cone shape, the connecting portion 43 is located above the conducting portion 44, the mounting hole 411 is formed in the upper end face of the connecting portion 43, a conducting hole 441 used for being connected with the feeder line connector 2 is formed in the lower end face of the conducting portion 44, the conducting portion 44 extends downwards and gradually reduces in diameter, the bottommost portion of the conducting portion is a horizontal end face, the conducting hole 441 is formed in the center of the horizontal end face, the conducting hole 441 and the mounting hole 411 are formed in a penetrating mode, the diameter of the conducting hole 441 is far smaller than that of the mounting hole 411, an inner cavity similar to the shape of the conducting portion is formed in the conducting portion 44, the lower end of the frustum vibrator 4 is gradually arranged to be a tip which is helpful for enabling feed current to continuously and smoothly reach the frustum vibrator from a metal inner core portion of the feeder line connector, the antenna has the advantages that the continuity of the whole current is facilitated, the change degree of the current at the feeder line joint is reduced, the generation of distortion points is avoided, the bandwidth of the frequency band of the antenna is widened, and the matching effect and the radiation efficiency of the antenna are improved.
Preferably, the upper end surface of the frustum vibrator is provided with a plurality of screw holes (not shown) surrounding the mounting hole 411 of the connecting portion 43, and correspondingly, the upper end surface of the supporting seat is provided with a screw hole 34 surrounding the through hole 31 at the upper portion of the supporting seat, so that when the frustum vibrator is placed inside the supporting seat, the frustum vibrator and the supporting seat can be further fastened and fixed through screws.
Preferably, the lower end surface 92 of the oscillator seat 9 is further provided with a screw hole 922, correspondingly, the lower end surface of the oscillator support cylinder 7 is provided with a screw hole 732, when the oscillator seat 9 is placed in the oscillator support cylinder 7, the screw hole 922 of the lower end surface 92 of the oscillator seat 9 is correspondingly connected with the screw hole 732 of the lower end surface of the oscillator support cylinder 7 through a screw, so that the connection tightness between the oscillator seat 9 and the oscillator support cylinder 7 is enhanced, and the stability of the spiral oscillator connected with the oscillator seat 9 in the oscillator support cylinder 7 is also improved.
Further preferably, when the support rod 6 is in threaded fit connection with the oscillator seat 9 and the frustum oscillator 4, the threaded glue is smeared at the external threads at the upper end and the lower end of the support rod 6, the threaded glue is DG-4 (blue) modified epoxy glue, the threaded glue has good sealing property and bonding and curing effects, so that the strength of the connection position of the support rod with the oscillator seat and the frustum oscillator is enhanced, the connection position is not prone to fracture in the working motion process of the antenna, and the threaded glue cannot influence the electrical property of the antenna. In order to avoid coating excessive thread compound to influence the electric contact of the connection parts of the support rod, the vibrator seat and the frustum vibrator, the coverage rate of the thread compound on the external thread is controlled to be 30-70%.
Further preferred, oscillator seat 9 adds establishes in oscillator supporting cylinder 7, and sets up at beryllium bronze wire lower extreme, has played good fixed action to beryllium bronze wire, reinforcing beryllium bronze wire stability, increase electric length, improve the electrical property, the role of having acted as transition connector (connection pivot) between spiral oscillator and bracing piece has simultaneously been stabilized beryllium bronze wire and bracing piece, make beryllium bronze wire, the connection between oscillator seat and the bracing piece three is more stable, make the connection of spiral oscillator and bracing piece more natural.
Further preferably, the support rod 6 is vertically conducted along the axial direction thereof. The weight of the supporting rod is reduced by conducting the supporting rod up and down, and the weight of the antenna is reduced.
Preferably, the feeder joint 2 includes a metal inner core 21 and a metal outer shell 22 wrapping the metal inner core 21, the metal inner core 21 and the metal outer shell 22 are insulated from each other, the metal inner core 21 passes through a via hole 11 formed in the center of the metal chassis 1 and then is connected to the lower bottom surface of the frustum vibrator 4, and the metal outer shell 22 is electrically connected to the metal chassis 1.
It is further preferred that the feeder terminal 2 is passed through and disposed on a metal fixing plate B1, and the metal fixing plate B1 is fixed to the lower bottom surface of the metal chassis 1 by screws, wherein the metal housing 22 of the feeder terminal 2 is in contact with the metal fixing plate B1.
Preferably, the metal core 21 of the feeder terminal 2 penetrates through the through hole 11 in the center of the metal chassis 1 and then is welded with the through hole 441, and the welding point is soldered by lead.
Preferably, the feeder line connector 2 is an SMA-K/50 omega connector.
It is further preferable that the screw joints are coated with thread compound to prevent structural fracture or structural joint fracture which may occur under the condition of sudden temperature drop.
Preferably, when the antenna mounting is performed, there are the following steps;
1) after a metal inner core of the feeder line connector penetrates through a through hole formed in the middle of the metal chassis, the feeder line connector is fixed at the bottom of the metal chassis through a screw;
2) placing the frustum vibrator into the supporting seat from a lower through hole formed in the bottom of the supporting seat, enabling the tip of a cone head of the frustum vibrator to face downwards, and fixing the frustum vibrator and the supporting seat through a screw;
3) after a metal inner core of the feeder line joint penetrates through the via hole, the supporting seat is fixed on the metal chassis through a screw, and then the metal inner core and the frustum vibrator are welded and fixed from the interior of the frustum vibrator;
4) the lower end of the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through a second vibrator through hole of the vibrator seat and is welded and fixed, then the vibrator seat and the beryllium bronze wire are placed into a vibrator supporting cylinder, and the lower end of the vibrator seat is fixed with the vibrator supporting cylinder through a screw;
5) the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through a first vibrator through hole of the metal top seat, then the metal top seat is fixed at the top end of the vibrator supporting cylinder through a screw, and then the beryllium bronze wire and the metal top seat are welded and fixed;
6) the upper end and the lower end of the supporting rod respectively penetrate through the supporting seat and the vibrator supporting cylinder, then the outer threads at the two ends of the supporting rod are respectively screwed with the frustum vibrator and the vibrator seat, and thread glue is coated.
Preferably, the diameter of the spiral beryllium bronze wire 51 is 2mm, the diameter is 10mm, the height is 90mm, the beryllium bronze wire rises spirally, the distance between every two layers of beryllium bronze wires is a pitch, the size of the pitch determines the inductance value of the spiral oscillator, the larger the pitch is, the smaller the inductance value is, and the diameter and the pitch of the beryllium bronze wire can be adjusted according to the working frequency of the antenna.
Preferably, the supporting seat and the vibrator supporting barrel are made of polyimide, the polyimide has high temperature resistance, the temperature can be resistant to over 400 ℃, the temperature range of long-term stable use is-200-300 ℃, the polyimide has good insulating property, and the dielectric loss is only 0.004-0.007.
More preferably, the frustum vibrator, the metal top seat and the vibrator seat are all made of 2A12 silver-aluminum plating.
Preferably, the support rods have a diameter of 20mm and a length of 206 mm.
Preferably, the frustum vibrator has a diameter of 30mm and a height of 42 mm.
Preferably, the maximum diameter of the vibrator supporting cylinder is 49mm, and the height of the vibrator supporting cylinder is 118 mm.
Preferably, the metal chassis is square, the side length is 50mm, and the thickness is 6 mm.
Preferably, the maximum diameter of the support seat is 49mm of the diameter of the first flange, and the height of the support seat is 51 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the metal top seat is 49mm, and the thickness of the metal top seat (together with the circular truncated cone below the metal top seat) is 10 mm.
Preferably, the frustum vibrator has a diameter of 30mm and a total height of 42 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the vibrator seat is 30mm, and the height of the vibrator seat is 26 mm.
Preferably, the whole antenna is contained in the range of 50mm × 50mm × 386mm (containing the feeder connector), so that the miniaturization of the whole antenna is realized, and the weight of the antenna also meets the index requirement because the material is properly selected.
Preferably, the size diameters of the metal top seat, the vibrator supporting cylinder, the supporting seat and the metal chassis have small difference, so that the overall coordination arrangement of the antenna is facilitated, and the unreasonable arrangement of the antenna structure is avoided.
Further preferably, as can be seen from the above, the length of the supporting rod is approximately half of the total length of the antenna, and an excessively long supporting rod will cause the antenna to be susceptible to external vibration and break, which is not favorable for structural stability of the antenna, and an excessively short supporting rod will cause the antenna oscillator to fail to exert maximum efficiency.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, when the matching impedance of the feeder connector is 50 ohms, the standing-wave ratio of the VHF whip antenna is less than 1.8 in the frequency band range from 156MHz to 163MHz, and at this time, the impedance matching between the feeder and the antenna is good, and the transmission efficiency of the feeder is high.
Standing-wave ratio formula: SWR ═ R/R ═ 1+ K)/(1-K), where the reflection coefficient K ═ R)/(R + R), K is negative, indicating opposite phase, and R are the output and input impedances, respectively. When the two impedances are of the same value, i.e. perfectly matched, the reflection coefficient K is equal to 0 and the standing wave ratio is 1, but this is an ideal situation, in practice there is always reflection present, so the standing wave ratio is always greater than 1.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the 3D pattern of the antenna is an apple shape when the frequency point of 160MHz is shown in fig. 6, the radiation direction of the antenna is mainly distributed axisymmetrically with the axis of the antenna as the center line, and the radiation direction is mainly toward both sides of the axis, and the radiation at both ends of the axis is suppressed. That is, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna is 90 ° at Theta, the gain of the antenna is the lowest in the axial direction of the antenna, and the antenna is omnidirectional at 90 ° at horizontal direction Theta. In a cartesian coordinate system, Theta represents pointing from + Z to the XOY plane, being an azimuth angle, phi represents rotation from + X around the + Z axis, being a horizontal angle.
Further preferably, fig. 7, fig. 8, and fig. 9 show 2D directional diagrams of the antenna at the frequency points of 156MHz, 160MHz, and 164MHz, respectively, and it can be seen from the corresponding diagrams that the low frequency part simulation gain is about 0.3dBi, the intermediate frequency part simulation gain is about 1dBi, and the high frequency part simulation gain is about 0.8dBi, where it should be noted that the reason that the three frequency point gains are low here is that the omnidirectional performance of the monopole antenna is good, the gain distribution in each direction is relatively uniform, the lobe width at this time is about 92 degrees, the actual usage environment of the antenna is an uneven satellite top surface, at this time, the maximum gain of the antenna will be improved, and the directivity thereof will be obviously exhibited.
More preferably, at the 156MHz frequency point, S1 represents the case of the curve when Phi is 0 °, and S2 represents the case of the curve when Phi is 90 °;
at a 160MHz frequency point, S3 represents the curve case when Phi is 0 °, and S4 represents the curve case when Phi is 90 °;
at the 164MHz frequency point, S5 represents the case of the curve when Phi is 0 °, and S6 represents the case of the curve when Phi is 90 °.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, due to the guiding effect of the star on the electromagnetic wave, the antenna pattern is significantly biased to the star, the total gain is as high as 2.4dBi, and the out-of-roundness of the pattern is reduced.
Preferably, fig. 11 shows the gain diagram of the antenna in the XOZ and YOZ planes at 156MHz, fig. 12 shows the gain diagram of the XOY plane at 156MHz, and in conjunction with fig. 11 and 12, the total gain coverage of the antenna is not greatly changed by 0dBi due to external influences, and most of the energy is mainly vertically polarized (i.e. the polarization direction is parallel to the OZ direction). In fig. 11, S7 and S8 represent the antenna gains at the tangent plane when Phi is 0 ° and Phi is 90 °, respectively, and the antenna structures are not completely symmetrical, so that slight differences occur in different directions, and comparison can be performed by different tangent planes. In fig. 12, the gain variation of the antenna in different horizontal directions on the horizontal plane is represented.
Based on the embodiment, the invention discloses a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna which comprises a metal chassis, wherein a feeder line connector is arranged below the metal chassis, a supporting seat is arranged above the metal chassis, a frustum vibrator is arranged in the supporting seat, a spiral vibrator is arranged above the frustum vibrator, a supporting rod extending in the vertical direction is arranged between the frustum vibrator and the spiral vibrator, the spiral vibrator comprises a beryllium bronze wire extending upwards in a spiral shape, the beryllium bronze wire is arranged in a hollow vibrator supporting cylinder, and the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire is connected with a metal top seat. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna is small in size and light in weight, the gain and the electrical property of the antenna are improved through the metal top seat, and meanwhile the antenna has corrosion resistance due to the arrangement of the oscillator supporting cylinder.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna, its characterized in that includes the metal chassis below is provided with feeder joint the metal chassis top is provided with the supporting seat, the inside frustum oscillator that is provided with of supporting seat, the spiral oscillator is installed to frustum oscillator top, the frustum oscillator with be provided with the bracing piece that extends in vertical direction between the spiral oscillator, the spiral oscillator is including being the upwards beryllium bronze wire that extends of heliciform, the beryllium bronze wire sets up inside hollow oscillator supporting cylinder, beryllium bronze wire upper end is connected with the metal footstock.
2. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein a vibrator base is further arranged inside the vibrator supporting cylinder, and the lower end of the beryllium bronze wire is connected with the vibrator base.
3. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the metal top seat is centrally provided with a first vibrator through hole, the upper end of the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through the first vibrator through hole, the upper end face of the vibrator seat is provided with a second vibrator through hole, and the lower end of the beryllium bronze wire penetrates through the second vibrator through hole.
4. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 3, wherein the supporting rod has an upper end and a lower end, the supporting rod has an external thread on the side surface, the lower end of the oscillator base and the upper end of the frustum oscillator have mounting holes, the mounting holes have internal threads matching with the external thread, and the supporting rod is connected with the oscillator base and the frustum oscillator in a threaded fit manner.
5. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna according to claim 4, wherein the supporting rod is conductive up and down along the axial direction thereof.
6. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna according to claim 5, wherein the feeder joint comprises a metal inner core and a metal outer shell wrapping the metal inner core, the metal inner core and the metal outer shell are insulated from each other, the metal inner core is connected with the lower bottom surface of the frustum vibrator after passing through a through hole arranged at the center of the metal chassis, and the metal outer shell is electrically connected with the metal chassis.
7. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein the supporting base is formed with an upper through hole and a lower through hole which are vertically connected, the caliber of the upper through hole is slightly larger than that of the lower end of the supporting rod, the caliber of the lower through hole is slightly larger than that of the frustum vibrator, a first flange is radially and outwardly extended from the bottom of the supporting base, and a plurality of screw holes for connecting with the metal chassis are formed on the first flange.
8. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 7, wherein the vibrator supporting barrel is opened with an upper opening for placing the vibrator holder therein and a lower opening having a caliber slightly larger than that of the upper end of the supporting rod, and the upper opening and the lower opening are vertically conducted.
9. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 8, wherein the upper end of the dipole supporting cylinder is extended radially outward with a second flange, the shape of the metal top seat is matched with the second flange, screw holes are correspondingly formed on the second flange and the metal top seat, and the second flange and the metal top seat are fixed through screws.
10. The satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna as claimed in claim 9, wherein the helical beryllium bronze wire has a wire diameter of 2mm, a diameter of 10mm and a height of 90mm, the supporting rod has a diameter of 20mm and a length of 206mm, and the frustum-shaped element has a diameter of 30mm and a height of 42 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911386258.9A CN111129699B (en) | 2019-12-29 | 2019-12-29 | Satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911386258.9A CN111129699B (en) | 2019-12-29 | 2019-12-29 | Satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna |
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| CN111129699A true CN111129699A (en) | 2020-05-08 |
| CN111129699B CN111129699B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| CN201911386258.9A Active CN111129699B (en) | 2019-12-29 | 2019-12-29 | Satellite-borne high-gain VHF antenna |
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| CN207559052U (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of umbrella antenna oscillator |
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| JPH03129906A (en) * | 1989-10-14 | 1991-06-03 | Tokimec Inc | Conical spiral antenna |
| US5216436A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1993-06-01 | Harris Corporation | Collapsible, low visibility, broadband tapered helix monopole antenna |
| CN101399401A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2009-04-01 | 广达电脑股份有限公司 | Antenna module |
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| CN111129699B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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