CN111129637A - Low-temperature pyrolysis system and pyrolysis method for lithium battery - Google Patents
Low-temperature pyrolysis system and pyrolysis method for lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111129637A CN111129637A CN201911414976.2A CN201911414976A CN111129637A CN 111129637 A CN111129637 A CN 111129637A CN 201911414976 A CN201911414976 A CN 201911414976A CN 111129637 A CN111129637 A CN 111129637A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of waste lithium battery recovery, and provides a low-temperature pyrolysis system and a pyrolysis method for a lithium battery. This lithium cell low temperature pyrolysis system is equipped with the spiral including the pyrolysis cavity in the pyrolysis cavity, and the both ends of spiral are connected with two electrodes of power. The pyrolysis method comprises the following steps: processing the battery into battery fragments; the battery fragments enter the pyrolysis cavity, the battery fragments are continuously conveyed through the spiral, the two ends of the spiral are electrified, the temperature inside the pyrolysis cavity is increased to 222 ℃ and 2222 ℃, and the battery fragments are pyrolyzed. This application adopts the mode intensification heating of resistance principle, realizes that the pyrolysis cavity rapid heating up in the short time, has clean environmental protection, pollution-free advantage, and through the rotational frequency who adjusts the spiral, the resistance of battery piece in the change pyrolysis cavity, and then adjusts the inside temperature of pyrolysis cavity for battery piece thermally equivalent, but accurate control pyrolysis temperature ensures the pyrolysis effect, effectively realizes the utilization of resources of battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste lithium battery recovery, in particular to a low-temperature pyrolysis system and a pyrolysis method for a lithium battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, wide working temperature range, safety, reliability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of 3C electronic products, power automobiles, war industry and the like.
With the increasing development of the electric automobile industry, a large amount of retired lithium ion power batteries enter a disposal link as emerging solid waste. The waste lithium battery is used as an energy storage facility, the internal material of the battery is formed by mixing various substances of metal and nonmetal, and the internal material of the battery is structurally divided into a battery shell, a battery current collector, a positive electrode material, a negative electrode material, electrolyte, an isolating membrane and other accessory components. The waste lithium battery is used as an industrial hazardous waste and an urban mineral resource, and can be integrated and treated from the aspects of environmental protection and resource utilization.
The traditional lithium battery recovery mainly adopts a pyrogenic process or a wet process for recovery, the pyrogenic process realizes the separation of materials through a high-temperature heat treatment process, but the energy consumption is high, the sintering transition of battery materials is easily caused, and the product recovery quality is influenced; the wet method mainly separates and purifies metals through processes such as acid leaching, can realize high-purity separation of substances, but also generates waste liquid containing heavy metals, and is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment.
In order to solve the problems, the prior art adopts a low-temperature heat treatment mode to process back the organic components of the lithium battery material. The lithium battery mixed material is heated internally or externally by mainly adopting a rotary kiln or a rotary pyrolysis chamber.
The internal heating type is mainly a rotary kiln, and high-temperature flue gas is generated by mixing and burning external fuel and air and is in direct contact with materials. In order to ensure that the fuel is fully combusted and the blackness and the CO content in the flue gas are reduced, the air excess coefficient is usually 1.222.2, and the combustion reaction equipment is mobile equipment and has poor sealing effect, so that the oxygen content and the temperature of the rotary kiln cannot be accurately controlled. The external heating type is mainly indirect heating, high-temperature flue gas generated by fuel and air is not contacted with materials, the high-temperature flue gas is usually operated under negative pressure, the negative pressure is caused by the fluctuation of an incineration and flue gas purification system, so that the oxygen supplement amount is changed, the temperature is also difficult to control, and the pyrolysis effect is further influenced. And both adopt the mode of burning, produce the polluted gas easily.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems or at least partially solve the technical problems, the invention provides a low-temperature pyrolysis system of a lithium battery and a pyrolysis method thereof.
Above-mentioned lithium cell low temperature pyrolysis system includes the pyrolysis cavity, is equipped with the first feedstock channel that can supply the battery piece to get into on the pyrolysis cavity, and the inside of pyrolysis cavity is rotated and is equipped with the spiral, and the feed end and the first feedstock channel intercommunication of spiral, spiral are used for conveying the battery piece in succession, are equipped with the first discharging channel with the discharge end intercommunication of spiral on the pyrolysis cavity, and the feed end and the discharge end of spiral are connected with two electrodes of power respectively, and the spiral adopts electrically conductive material.
Optionally, the crushing device comprises a shell, a second feeding channel for the battery to enter is arranged on the shell, a cutter assembly for crushing the battery into battery fragments is arranged in the shell, a second discharging channel for discharging the battery fragments is arranged on the shell, and the battery fragments discharged through the second discharging channel enter the first feeding channel.
Optionally, the second feeding channel is provided with a first gate and a second gate in sequence along the feeding direction of the battery, and a cavity for accumulating the battery is formed between the first gate and the second gate.
Optionally, a first conveying device for conveying the battery fragments is arranged between the second discharging channel and the first feeding channel.
Optionally, a nitrogen system for preparing nitrogen is arranged on the shell, and an exhaust port is arranged on the side wall of the shell.
Optionally, the separation device is further included, and the separation device includes:
the combustion chamber is used for combusting the mixed gas generated by pyrolysis of the battery fragments, and is connected with the first discharge channel through a pipeline, and a flue gas purification system is connected to the combustion chamber;
and in the material separation system, the mixed material generated by pyrolysis separation of the battery fragments enters the material separation system.
Optionally, a second conveying device for conveying the mixed material is arranged between the first discharging channel and the material separation system.
The low-temperature pyrolysis method for the lithium battery comprises the following steps of:
processing the battery into battery fragments;
the battery fragments enter the pyrolysis cavity, the battery fragments are continuously conveyed through the spiral in the pyrolysis cavity, two ends of the spiral are electrified, the battery fragments are electrified and release heat, so that the temperature in the pyrolysis cavity is raised to 222 ℃ and 2222 ℃, and the battery fragments are pyrolyzed;
and the mixed gas and the mixed substances generated by pyrolysis enter a flue gas treatment system and a material separation system respectively.
Optionally, the battery is crushed at-22 ℃ and 2-42 ℃ in a nitrogen environment, and the particle size of the battery fragments is less than 5 cm.
Optionally, the rotation speed of the screw is 5252HZ, and the volume of the battery fragments in the pyrolysis cavity is adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw, so that the resistance value of the battery fragments is changed.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the application, the pyrolysis temperature is controlled to be 222 ℃ to 2222 ℃, so that the organic components mixed in the battery material are pyrolyzed and volatilized, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the battery material is burnt at high temperature to lose activity and cause excessive sintering is avoided. The mode of adopting resistance principle intensifies the heating, realizes that the pyrolysis cavity intensifies fast in the short time, has clean environmental protection, pollution-free advantage. Through adjusting the rotational frequency of spiral, change the resistance of battery piece in the pyrolysis cavity, and then adjust the inside temperature of pyrolysis cavity for battery piece thermally equivalent can accurate control pyrolysis temperature, ensures the pyrolysis effect, effectively realizes the utilization of resources of battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a low-temperature pyrolysis system for a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a pyrolysis cavity; 11. a first feed channel; 12. a first discharge channel; 2. spiraling; 3. a power source; 4. a crushing device; 41. a housing; 42. a second feed channel; 43. a second discharge channel; 44. a first-stage crushing cutter; 45. a secondary crushing cutter; 46. a first gate; 47. a second gate; 5. a first conveying device; 6. a nitrogen system; 7. a combustion chamber; 71. a flue gas purification system; 72. a material separation system; 8. a second conveying device; 9. and (4) a hoisting machine.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-temperature pyrolysis system for the lithium battery provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a pyrolysis cavity 1, wherein a first feeding channel 11 for battery fragments to enter is arranged on the pyrolysis cavity 1, a spiral 2 is arranged inside the pyrolysis cavity 1 in a rotating manner, the feeding end of the spiral 2 is communicated with the first feeding channel 11, and the spiral 2 is used for continuously conveying the battery fragments to ensure that the battery fragments are uniformly stacked in the spiral 2. The pyrolysis cavity 1 is provided with a first discharge channel 12 communicated with the discharge end of the spiral 2, and the feed end and the discharge end of the spiral 2 are respectively connected with two electrodes of the power supply 3. Specifically, spiral 2 adopts electrically conductive material, and is connected through the brush between two electrodes of power 3 and spiral 2's the feed end and the discharge end, realizes conduction current between rotary part and the static part through the brush, and connecting wire all adopts high temperature resistant material, avoids damaging in the use.
The both ends of spiral 2 are switched on, and spiral 2 and battery piece form conducting resistance, because the resistance of battery piece is less, consequently the circular telegram in-process, and a large amount of heats can be released in battery piece when the temperature of self risees for pyrolysis cavity 1 heaies up, and then from the inside and outside while pyrolysis of battery piece, increases pyrolysis efficiency. Spiral 2 is preferred to be shaftless spiral 2, and spiral 2's drive arrangement stretches out pyrolysis cavity 1, avoids the inside high temperature of pyrolysis cavity 1, causes the phenomenon of drive arrangement damage to take place. Adjust the rotational speed of spiral 2 through drive arrangement, change the volume of the battery piece that the battery piece stayed in pyrolysis cavity 1 and be in pyrolysis cavity 1, and then change the resistance of the conducting resistance between two electrodes, increase or reduce the heat of battery piece release in the unit interval, the inside temperature of effective control pyrolysis cavity 1. Further optimally, can set up temperature sensor in pyrolysis cavity 1, through the temperature in temperature sensor real-time detection pyrolysis cavity 1 to feed back control system, control system sends the operating instruction that increases or reduce 2 rotational speeds of spiral towards drive arrangement according to the temperature information of feedback, and then with the temperature control in pyrolysis cavity 1 in certain extent, real-time automatic regulation ensures pyrolysis temperature's stability.
Wherein, pyrolysis cavity 1 is hollow cylinder, and spiral 2 sets up along the length direction of pyrolysis cavity 1 for the battery chip conveys along the length direction of pyrolysis cavity 1. Pyrolysis cavity 1 and spiral 2 concentric settings reduce the occupation space of spiral 2, and the diameter of pyrolysis cavity 1 suits with the external diameter of spiral 2. The adaptation of this department means that the diameter rate of pyrolysis cavity 1 is greater than the external diameter of spiral 2 for spiral 2 can be at 1 internal rotations of pyrolysis cavity, and simultaneously, the inner wall of pyrolysis cavity 1 plays the effect that supports the battery piece, makes spiral 2 can drive the battery piece removal in succession.
During the use of this application, the battery piece enters into pyrolysis cavity 1 with the continuous phase through first inlet channel 11 to enter into the first end of spiral 2, spiral 2 rotates, and then drives the length direction conveying of battery piece along spiral 2. In the process, the frequency and the flow rate of the battery fragments entering the pyrolysis cavity 1 are fixed, and the rotating speed of the spiral 2 is fixed, so that the volume and the sectional area of the battery fragments in the pyrolysis cavity 1 are always kept the same. Due to the conductive properties of the spiral 2 and the battery material, the spiral 2 forms a conductive resistance with the battery fragments. The power 3 circular telegram, the inside temperature of battery piece increases, and battery piece and spiral 2 are exothermic simultaneously for pyrolysis cavity 1 short time heaies up, and then effectively decomposes materials such as barrier film, plastics in the battery piece, and the mixing material and the mist after the pyrolysis are discharged through first discharging channel 12, separate and purify.
As shown in fig. 1, the low-temperature pyrolysis system for lithium batteries further includes a crushing device 4, a feeding device, and a separating device.
The crushing plant 4 comprises a housing 41, which housing 41 is provided with a second feed channel 42 for battery access. Preferably, the second feeding channel 42 is vertically arranged, so that the battery entering the second feeding channel 42 enters the housing 41 under the action of gravity, and the operation is convenient. Further optimally, the end of the second feed channel 42 is open to facilitate cell access. In other embodiments, the second feeding channel 42 may be disposed horizontally or obliquely. When the second feeding channel 42 is horizontally arranged, other conveying means such as a conveyor belt or a pushing device is needed; when the second feeding channel 42 is obliquely arranged, other tools do not need to be borrowed, the battery can enter the shell 41 through the dead weight of the battery, and a certain buffering effect can be provided in an obliquely arranged mode, so that the battery is prevented from directly colliding with equipment in the shell 41.
A cutter assembly for breaking the batteries into battery fragments is provided within the housing 41. Wherein the cutter assembly comprises a primary crushing cutter 44 and a secondary crushing cutter 45 which are arranged in sequence along the entering direction of the battery. Specifically, the cutter assembly adopts a four-axis shearing crushing mode, the shell 41 is vertically arranged, two primary crushing cutters 44 are arranged at the upper part of the shell 41 and used for primary crushing, and two secondary crushing cutters 45 are arranged at the lower part of the shell 41 and used for secondary crushing. When entering the inside of the shell 41 through the second feeding channel 42, the battery falls between the two first-stage crushing cutters 44, the battery fragments crushed by the first-stage crushing cutters 44 enter between the two second-stage crushing cutters 45, and the particle diameter of the battery fragments after the two-stage crushing is less than 5cm, so that the battery fragments are convenient to pyrolyze. The cutter assembly can also adopt other arrangement modes as long as the particle diameter of the crushed battery fragments is less than 5 cm.
The casing 41 is provided with a second discharging channel 43 for discharging the battery fragments, the battery fragments crushed by the secondary crushing cutter 45 enter the second discharging channel 43, and the battery fragments discharged by the second discharging channel 43 enter the first feeding channel 11 for subsequent pyrolysis. Preferably, a first conveying device 5 for conveying the battery fragments is arranged between the second discharge channel 43 and the first feed channel 11. Preferably, the first conveyor 5 is an inclined screw conveyor, a first end of the screw conveyor is communicated with the second discharging channel 43, a second end of the screw conveyor is communicated with the first feeding channel 11, and the height of the second end of the screw conveyor is higher than that of the first end of the screw conveyor. The battery piece will move towards the direction of screw conveyer's first end under the effect of self gravity, and at this moment, the battery piece in promoting screw conveyer through the battery piece that enters into screw conveyer's first end in succession makes its second end direction removal towards screw conveyer, and then makes the continuous conveying of battery piece in the screw conveyer, ensures that the battery piece enters into pyrolysis cavity 1 in succession, guarantees the pyrolysis effect. Further optimally, a valve is arranged at the first feeding channel 11, so that the circulation of the battery fragments is effectively controlled, and the use is convenient.
When the battery scrap discharging device is used, the battery scrap discharged through the second discharging channel 43 enters the first end of the spiral conveyor and is transported towards the direction of the second end of the spiral conveyor through the spiral conveyor, and the battery scrap is continuously discharged through the second end of the spiral conveyor and enters the first feeding channel 11. Wherein the first feed channel 11 of the pyrolysis chamber 1 is arranged vertically upwards so that the battery fragments enter the spiral 2 under the action of their own gravity.
Further preferably, the second feeding channel 42 is provided with a first gate 46 and a second gate 47 in sequence along the feeding direction of the battery, and a cavity for battery stacking is formed between the first gate 46 and the second gate 47. The control mode of the double gates is adopted, so that the sealing performance of the shell 41 can be effectively guaranteed, and the shell 41 is used for blocking outside air from entering. And a nitrogen system 6 for preparing nitrogen is arranged on the shell 41, and an exhaust port is arranged on the side wall of the shell 41.
In use, the first gate 46 is opened and the second gate 47 is closed and the battery enters the cavity between the first gate 46 and the second gate 47. At this time, the exhaust port is opened, and nitrogen gas is filled into the casing 41 through the nitrogen gas system 6 for exhausting the air in the casing 41, and when the air in the casing 41 is exhausted, the exhaust port is closed, so that the casing 41 is filled with the nitrogen gas. The first shutter 46 is closed, the second shutter 47 is opened, and the battery enters the case 41 to be crushed. Since the discharge of the battery is not absolutely complete before the battery is broken, the oxygen in the case 41 is isolated by charging nitrogen gas and the moisture content is reduced, so that the battery is broken in an oxygen-free environment, the ignition rate is reduced, and the safety in the use process is improved. Preferably, the temperature of the nitrogen is-222-42 ℃.
Feeding unit places in the turnover case including turnover case and lifting machine 9, and the turnover case moves to the bottom of lifting machine 9, and the staff can be leading-in lifting machine 9 with the battery in the turnover case, drives the battery rebound through lifting machine 9, and the battery enters into second feedstock channel 42 after the discharge gate discharge of lifting machine 9 in convenient to use increases degree of automation. Wherein, the bottom of the turnover box can be provided with a self-walking roller, and the turnover box moves to the bottom of the lifter 9; or a conveyor belt is arranged, and the turnover box is conveyed through the conveyor belt.
The separation apparatus comprises a combustion chamber 7 and a material separation system 72. The combustion chamber 7 is used for combusting the mixed gas generated by pyrolysis of the battery fragments, wherein the mixed gas comprises CO2HF, LiF etc. combustion chamber 7 and the 12 pipe connections of first discharging channel, and the junction setting is in the top of first discharging channel 12, avoids in the misce bene enters into the pipeline, causes the phenomenon of pipeline jam. The mixed gas enters the combustion chamber 7 through a pipeline for premixed combustion, the combustion temperature is higher than 850 ℃, and the burning of toxic and harmful substances is realized. The combustion chamber 7 is connected with a flue gas purification system 71, and flue gas generated by combustion enters the flue gas purification system 71 through a flue. The flue gas purification system 71 adopts a waste heat boiler to cool, enters a bag-type dust remover to remove dust, and then enters an acid removal tower to remove HCl, HF and SO by wet washing2And the main pollutants are discharged through a chimney.
The mixed material produced by the pyrolysis separation of the battery fragments enters the material separation system 72. The mixed materials comprise nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum and other components, and unseparated negative electrode graphite, copper foil, aluminum foil and the like, and after magnetic separation, the recycling of the materials can be realized, and the economic effect is increased.
Further preferably, a second conveying device 8 for conveying the mixed material is arranged between the first discharge channel 12 and the material separation system 72. Preferably, the second conveyor 8 is an inclined screw conveyor, a first end of the screw conveyor is communicated with the first discharge channel 12, a second end of the screw conveyor is communicated with the material separation system 72, and the height of the second end of the screw conveyor is higher than that of the first end of the screw conveyor. The separated mixed materials uniformly enter the material separation system 72 for magnetic separation, and the speed of the mixed materials entering the material separation system 72 is effectively controlled. And a valve for controlling the circulation of the mixed materials is arranged on the first discharging channel 12, so that the control or the flow of the materials is convenient, and the use convenience is improved.
The application also provides a low-temperature pyrolysis method for the lithium battery, which comprises the following steps:
step one, processing the battery into battery fragments. There are various processing methods of the motor, such as the method of crushing by using the cutter assembly as disclosed in the pyrolysis device, or the method of cutting, and the specific method is not limited as long as the particle size of the processed battery fragments is less than 5 cm. Since the discharge of the battery is not absolutely complete before the battery is crushed, the battery is crushed under a protective gas in order to increase the safety during use. Specifically, the shielding gas is preferably nitrogen, and the temperature of the nitrogen is-22 ℃ 2-42 ℃.
And step two, enabling the battery fragments to enter the pyrolysis cavity 1, continuously conveying the battery fragments through the spiral 2 in the pyrolysis cavity 1, enabling the spiral 2 to be made of a conductive material, electrifying two ends of the spiral 2, releasing heat after the battery fragments are electrified, enabling the temperature in the pyrolysis cavity 1 to rise to 222 ℃ to 2222 ℃, and pyrolyzing the battery fragments.
Specifically, the spiral 2 and the battery fragments form a conductive resistor, and because the resistance of the battery fragments is small, in the power-on process, the battery fragments can release a large amount of heat when the temperature of the battery fragments rises, so that the temperature of the pyrolysis cavity 1 rises, and the battery fragments are pyrolyzed. The rotation speed of the spiral 2 is 5252HZ, if the rotation speed is too slow, heat energy is wasted, and if the rotation speed is too fast, the phenomenon of excessive sintering of battery fragments is easy to occur. The volume of the battery fragments in the pyrolysis cavity 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the spiral 2, and the resistance value of the battery fragments is further changed.
The screw 2 is rotated by a drive means. The driving device is preferably a variable frequency motor, the rotating speed of the spiral 2 can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the motor, the staying time of the battery fragments in the pyrolysis cavity 1 and the accumulation amount of the battery fragments in unit volume are further adjusted, the resistance value of the conductive resistor between the two electrodes is further changed, and the temperature adjustment is realized. Specifically, when the motor rotates at a high speed, the rotation speed of the spiral 2 is increased, so that the stay time of the battery fragments in the pyrolysis cavity 1 is short, the accumulation amount of the battery fragments in the unit volume inside the pyrolysis cavity 1 is small, the resistance value of the battery fragments is reduced, the heat emitted is increased, and the temperature inside the pyrolysis cavity 1 is increased; conversely, the temperature inside the pyrolysis chamber 1 is reduced. A temperature sensor can be arranged in the pyrolysis cavity 1 and used for detecting the temperature in the pyrolysis cavity 1, and when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is 2222 ℃, the spiral 2 normally rotates; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is lower than 222 ℃, increasing the rotation speed of the screw 2; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature is higher than 222 ℃, the rotating speed of the spiral 2 is reduced, automatic control is realized, the stability of the temperature in the pyrolysis cavity 1 is kept, and the pyrolysis effect is increased.
And step three, the mixed gas and the mixed substances generated by pyrolysis enter a flue gas treatment system and a material separation system 72 respectively. The flue gas treatment system and the material separation system 72 are conventional technologies, and the treatment method is exemplified in the pyrolysis apparatus, and therefore, not described herein too much.
According to the application, the pyrolysis temperature is controlled to be 222 ℃ to 2222 ℃, so that the organic components mixed in the battery material are pyrolyzed and volatilized, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the battery material is burnt at high temperature to lose activity and cause excessive sintering is avoided. The mode of adopting resistance principle intensifies the heating, realizes that pyrolysis cavity 1 heaies up fast in the short time, has clean environmental protection, pollution-free advantage. Through adjusting the rotational frequency of spiral 2, change the resistance of pyrolysis cavity 1 interior battery piece, and then adjust the inside temperature of pyrolysis cavity 1 for battery piece thermally equivalent can accurate control pyrolysis temperature, ensures the pyrolysis effect, effectively realizes the utilization of resources of battery.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a lithium cell low temperature pyrolysis system, a serial communication port, including the pyrolysis cavity, be equipped with the first feedstock channel that can supply the battery piece to get into on the pyrolysis cavity, the inside rotation of pyrolysis cavity is equipped with the spiral, the feed end of spiral with first feedstock channel intercommunication, the spiral is used for conveying in succession the battery piece, be equipped with on the pyrolysis cavity with the first discharging channel of the discharge end intercommunication of spiral, the feed end and the discharge end of spiral are connected with two electrodes of power respectively, the spiral adopts electrically conductive material.
2. The lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system of claim 1, further comprising a crushing device, wherein the crushing device comprises a casing, a second feeding channel for a battery to enter is arranged on the casing, a cutter assembly for crushing the battery into the battery fragments is arranged in the casing, a second discharging channel for discharging the battery fragments is arranged on the casing, and the battery fragments discharged through the second discharging channel enter the first feeding channel.
3. The lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second feeding channel is provided with a first gate and a second gate in sequence along the feeding direction of the battery, and a cavity for stacking the battery is formed between the first gate and the second gate.
4. The lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system of claim 2, wherein a first conveying device for conveying the battery fragments is arranged between the second discharging channel and the first feeding channel.
5. The lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a nitrogen system for preparing nitrogen is provided on the housing, and an exhaust port is provided on a side wall of the housing.
6. The lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system of claim 2, further comprising a separation device, the separation device comprising:
the combustion chamber is used for combusting mixed gas generated by pyrolysis of the battery fragments, the combustion chamber is connected with the first discharging channel through a pipeline, and a flue gas purification system is connected to the combustion chamber;
and the mixed material generated by pyrolysis separation of the battery fragments enters the material separation system.
7. The lithium battery low-temperature pyrolysis system of claim 6, wherein a second conveying device for conveying the mixed material is arranged between the first discharging channel and the material separation system.
8. A low-temperature pyrolysis method for a lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
processing the battery into battery fragments;
the battery fragments enter the pyrolysis cavity, the battery fragments are continuously conveyed through the spiral in the pyrolysis cavity, two ends of the spiral are electrified, the battery fragments are electrified and release heat, so that the temperature in the pyrolysis cavity is raised to 222 ℃ and 2222 ℃, and the battery fragments are pyrolyzed;
and the mixed gas and the mixed substances generated by pyrolysis enter a flue gas treatment system and a material separation system respectively.
9. The low-temperature pyrolysis method for the lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein the battery is crushed in a nitrogen environment at-22 ℃ and 2-42 ℃, and the particle size of the battery fragments is less than 5 cm.
10. The low-temperature pyrolysis method for the lithium battery as claimed in claim 8, wherein the rotation speed of the screw is 5252HZ, and the volume of the battery fragments in the pyrolysis cavity is adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the screw, thereby changing the resistance of the battery fragments.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023034971A1 (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-03-09 | Comstock Ip Holdings Llc | Lithium battery recycling process, apparatus, and system for the production of black mass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2023034971A1 (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-03-09 | Comstock Ip Holdings Llc | Lithium battery recycling process, apparatus, and system for the production of black mass |
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