CN111124517B - Embedded chip boot starting method and device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Embedded chip boot starting method and device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN111124517B CN111124517B CN201911336064.8A CN201911336064A CN111124517B CN 111124517 B CN111124517 B CN 111124517B CN 201911336064 A CN201911336064 A CN 201911336064A CN 111124517 B CN111124517 B CN 111124517B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/08—Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
- G06F11/10—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
- G06F11/1004—Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's to protect a block of data words, e.g. CRC or checksum
Abstract
The application relates to a boot starting method, a boot starting system, computer equipment and a storage medium for an embedded chip. The method comprises the following steps: and searching index information corresponding to the detection guide medium in the nonvolatile memory during starting, then reading the searched index information in the nonvolatile memory, and acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the detection guide medium stored in the nonvolatile memory according to the index information. Finding a starting medium through a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guiding medium, reading starting data to start, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check); if the starting fails, reading the CRC value information, and acquiring the starting failure reason data.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of embedded and chip design technologies, and in particular, to a boot method and apparatus for an embedded chip, a computer device, and a storage medium.
Background
With the development of embedded and chip design technologies, chip Boot media Boot technologies have emerged, and when an embedded chip supports multiple media booting, a Boot Read-Only Memory (ROM) program for Boot will be solidified in the ROM to implement basic initialization and program Boot of the chip, and currently, the Boot program is selected as a Boot media, mainly, to sequentially query and detect GPIO (General-purpose input/output) that allocates identifier Boot modes ， General input/output ) External signaling two ways.
However, the prior sequential query mode has the disadvantages of fixed codes, fixed starting sequence, long time consumption and the like, and the GPIO external signal using the detection distribution identifier starting mode has the disadvantages of abnormal starting and complicated external circuit design increase and the like due to unstable external signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, there is a need to provide an embedded chip boot method, an embedded chip boot apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium, which can perform fast boot and troubleshooting.
An embedded chip boot startup method, the method comprising:
searching index information corresponding to the guide medium in a nonvolatile memory;
reading the index information searched in the nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guide medium according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory;
reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, and performing Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC);
and when the starting fails, reading the CRC value information to acquire the starting failure reason data.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the index information corresponding to the guide medium cannot be found in the nonvolatile memory, traversing all medium interfaces and channels according to a fixed sequence until the guide medium is detected and starting data exists, and reading and starting the starting data in the guide medium;
recording the media interface and channel information corresponding to the boot media after successful start to a nonvolatile memory, and generating index information corresponding to the detection boot media.
In one embodiment, the index information is stored in the initial 16-bit start control information of the nonvolatile memory, wherein 15 bits represent odd check bits of the remaining 14-0 bits, 13 bits represent a channel value of the index start type, 12 bits represent whether to use the index start and 11-8 bits represent interface information of the index start.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
starting a classification starting mode for debugging according to the starting failure data and classification starting information in the first 16bit starting control information in the nonvolatile memory;
the classification starting information is stored in the initial 16-bit starting control information of the nonvolatile memory, 14 bits represent whether classification starting is started or not, 13 bits represent a classification starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classification starting channel value, 7-0 bits represent preset priorities of 4 different guide modes of the same type, 7-6 bits represent a starting guide mode coding value of a first step of a priority level, 5-4 bits represent a starting guide mode coding value of a second step of the priority level, 3-2 bits represent a starting guide mode coding value of a third step of the priority level and 1-0 bits represent a starting guide mode coding value of a fourth step of the priority level, and priorities corresponding to the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are sequentially increased or sequentially reduced.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
reading a type value corresponding to 13bit in the starting control information;
traversing the board-level storage to search a starting medium when the type value represents in the board-level storage class;
traversing the board-level interface to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level interface type;
and restarting the chip through the searched starting medium.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
reading starting data to carry out starting initialization according to the acquired medium interface and the acquired channel; performing first CRC value calculation on the starting data, and comparing the first CRC value with an external check value, wherein the external check value is a corresponding CRC value when the starting data CRC check is correct;
if the data are the same, the starting data are imported into a volatile memory;
if not, pushing first CRC check failure information and restarting;
performing a second CRC check value calculation on the stored data in the volatile memory, and comparing the second CRC check value with the external check value;
and if not, pushing second CRC failure information and restarting.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the media interfaces and channels which are addressed to the nonvolatile memory record do not find the starting media or the starting media data header information does not match, traversing all the media interfaces and channels according to the fixed sequence again until the guide media are detected and the starting data exist in the guide media; and recording the interface and channel information of the boot media after the boot is successfully started, and updating the index in the nonvolatile memory.
An embedded chip boot startup device, the device comprising:
the starting information storage module is used for storing starting information;
the starting mode control module is used for controlling the chip starting mode;
the starting medium detection module is used for detecting an external starting medium;
and the CRC check module is used for checking the consistency of the starting data.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
searching index information corresponding to the guide medium in a nonvolatile memory;
reading the index information searched in the nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guide medium according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory;
reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on the starting data;
and if the starting fails, reading the CRC value information and acquiring the starting failure reason data.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:
searching index information corresponding to the guide medium in a nonvolatile memory;
reading the index information searched in the nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guide medium according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory;
reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on the starting data;
and if the starting fails, reading the CRC value information and acquiring the starting failure reason data.
According to the embedded chip boot starting method, the embedded chip boot starting device, the computer equipment and the storage medium, index information corresponding to the detection boot medium is searched in the nonvolatile memory during starting, then the searched index information in the nonvolatile memory is read, the medium interface and the channel corresponding to the detection boot medium stored in the nonvolatile memory are obtained according to the index information, the start medium is found through the medium interface and the channel corresponding to the boot medium, the start data is read for starting, and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) is performed; and if the starting fails, reading the CRC information to obtain the starting failure reason data. By acquiring index information in a nonvolatile memory and quickly positioning to the position of a starting medium, all interfaces and channels do not need to be traversed, starting time is greatly saved, CRC (cyclic redundancy check) check value information is read under the condition that starting failure occurs, the consistency of medium data in each link during starting is positioned, if the check is inconsistent, problem points can be quickly positioned, the time for debugging a chip is saved, and quick starting and quick troubleshooting of an embedded chip are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of an application structure of an embedded chip boot method;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a boot method of an embedded chip according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of index startup information in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of classification initiation information in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating an index start method according to another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating a CRC check method in another embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an embedded chip boot strap device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad application.
The embedded chip boot starting method provided by the application can be applied to an embedded chip structure shown in fig. 1. The embedded chip 100 of the present application includes: a CPU102 (central processing-ng unit), a BootRom104, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable programmable read-only Memory) 106, an external device control unit 108, an SRAM112 (Static Random Access Memory), a DDR (Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory) Me-Memory 114, a DDR control unit 116, and an external boot media device 110 and a DDR device 118.
BootRom104 is used for storing a boot code, and after the CPU102 is powered on, the boot code solidified in the BootRom104 is executed to guide a system to start a subsequent program; the EEPROM 106 is used for storing modifiable program codes and realizes the boot startup of the embedded chip together with BootRom 104; the external device control unit 108 is used for connecting the embedded chip system with an external starting medium device 110 and interacting data; the boot media device 110 is used for storing system boot data of the embedded chip; the SRAM112 is used for caching; the DDR Memory114 is an intermediate for the CPU to perform operations on external data, and the data access speed existing in the DDR Memory is much faster than that of a medium for storing data externally; the DDR control unit 116 is used for connection of the embedded chipset system to an external DDR device 118.
The embedded chip 100 searches the index information corresponding to the boot media in the EEPROM, reads the index information found in the EEPROM, then obtains the media interface and the channel corresponding to the boot media according to the index information in the EEPROM, reads the start data according to the obtained media interface and channel, starts the start data, performs CRC check, and when the start fails, reads the CRC check value information, and obtains the start failure cause data.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a boot start method for an embedded chip is provided, which is described by taking the embedded chip in fig. 1 as an example, and includes the following steps:
step 202, index information corresponding to the boot media is searched in the nonvolatile memory.
The nonvolatile memory is a charged erasable programmable read only memory, a memory chip without data loss after power failure, the nonvolatile memory is erased without other equipment, the content of the nonvolatile memory is modified by electronic signals, and Byte is used as the minimum modification unit, so that the data can be written in without being completely erased, and the codes in the nonvolatile memory can be conveniently modified. The boot medium refers to a device storing chip start data, the chip finishes the start of the embedded chip by reading the data in the boot medium, and the boot medium may be a common storage medium such as a usb disk and a mobile hard disk. The index information is index value information of a medium interface and a channel where the guide medium is located, and corresponds to index coding information in the BootRom program, and the BootRom can decode the medium interface and the channel of the guide medium through the index information. In particular, the non-volatile memory may be an EEPROM.
And step 204, reading the index information searched by the nonvolatile memory.
When index information corresponding to the guide medium is searched in the chip nonvolatile memory, the chip is indicated to be started through the current guide medium in historical operation, and index information storage is generated, so that the chip can be started directly through the index information in subsequent operation, and quick start is realized; when the index information corresponding to the boot media is not searched in the chip nonvolatile memory, it indicates that the chip has not performed the boot operation through the current boot media in the history operation, and the boot operation needs to be implemented by adopting other processing methods. Taking the guide medium A as an example, searching the index information corresponding to the guide medium A in the nonvolatile memory, and when the index information corresponding to the guide medium A is searched, indicating that the chip is started through the guide medium A in the historical operation; when the index information corresponding to the guide medium A is not found, the chip is indicated to be not started through the guide medium A in the historical operation, historical operation data related to the chip started through the guide medium A are not stored in the chip, and the next operation cannot be directly carried out through obtaining the index information in the subsequent operation.
And step 206, acquiring a media interface and a channel corresponding to the boot media according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory.
The medium interface refers to an interface for guiding a medium to be connected with a chip, and the medium interface in the embedded chip generally has the following interfaces: the method includes the steps of performing fast query on a detection guide medium by using a channel, wherein the channel refers to the number of a plurality of same medium interfaces, for example, two USB interfaces exist, the USB interface has a channel 0 and a channel 1, the medium interface and the channel value of an Embedded chip are preset in a BootRom program, the Embedded chip system extracts the medium interface and the code value of the channel by acquiring index information in a nonvolatile memory, and the BootRom program directly queries and detects the corresponding medium interface and channel according to the code value, so that the detection guide medium is rapidly queried.
And step 208, reading starting data to start according to the acquired media interface and channel, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) check.
The CRC Check refers to a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), which is a channel coding technique for generating a short fixed-bit Check code according to data such as a network data packet or a computer file, and is mainly used to detect or Check errors that may occur after data transmission or storage. The method utilizes the principles of division and remainder to detect errors, the embedded chip can cause starting failure if data is abnormal in the starting process, the consistency of the data in the transmission process can be detected through CRC, the link of the data which causes the abnormality in the transmission process can be quickly judged through the consistency of the data in different media through CRC, and the quick troubleshooting of the faults is realized.
And step 210, when the starting fails, reading the CRC value information to acquire the starting failure reason data.
The CRC check value information refers to a check value of the read start data and position information of the data, and the position information of the data with an abnormal check value can be obtained through the check value information and the position information of the data to check whether the data medium is abnormal.
In the embedded chip boot starting method, index information corresponding to a detection boot medium is searched in a nonvolatile memory during starting, then the searched index information in the nonvolatile memory is read, a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the detection boot medium stored in the nonvolatile memory are obtained according to the index information, a start medium is found through the medium interface and the channel corresponding to the boot medium, start data are read for starting, and CRC is performed; and if the starting fails, reading the CRC value information and acquiring the starting failure reason data. By acquiring the index information in the nonvolatile memory and quickly positioning the position of the starting medium, all interfaces and channels do not need to be traversed, the starting time is greatly saved, the CRC check value information is read under the condition of starting failure, the consistency of medium data in each link during starting is positioned, if the check is inconsistent, the problem point can be quickly positioned, the time for debugging the chip is saved, and the quick starting and the quick troubleshooting of the embedded chip are realized.
In one embodiment, after searching the index information corresponding to the probe boot media in the nonvolatile memory, the method further includes: when the index information corresponding to the guide medium cannot be found in the nonvolatile memory, traversing all medium interfaces and channels according to a fixed sequence until the guide medium is detected and starting data exists, and reading the starting data in the guide medium for starting; recording the media interface and channel information corresponding to the boot media after successful start to the nonvolatile memory, and generating index information corresponding to the boot media.
Under default conditions, after the embedded chip is successfully started, index information is generated by a medium interface and channel information corresponding to the boot medium and is recorded in the nonvolatile memory, and if the index information does not exist in the nonvolatile memory, the chip is not successfully started.
In one embodiment, the index information is stored in the initial 16-bit start control information of the nonvolatile memory, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein 15 bits represent odd parity bits of the remaining 14-0 bits, 13 bits represent channel values of the index start type, 12 bits represent whether to use the index start and 11-8 bits represent interface information of the index start.
Specifically, the odd check bits are used for checking the starting control information data of 15 bits of the nonvolatile memory, and detecting whether the odd check of 0-14 bits of starting control is correct or not, wherein the correct check represents that the data is correct and usable, the error represents that the data is wrong and unusable, and the index information can be used after the odd check is passed; the 12bit represents whether to use the index to start, when the embedded chip system reads that the value of the byte is 1, the index is used to start, otherwise, the index is not used to start; 11-8 bits represent interface information of index start, when the embedded chip system reads the byte section data, the corresponding interface is found according to the interface corresponding information in the BootRom program, and the number of interface categories can be 16 in total from 0000 to 1111; the 13bit represents the channel value of the index starting type, and the same medium interface has two channels of 0 and 1 which can be selected. The above representation of the byte values is merely exemplary, and the functional expression of the specific byte values is determined according to the BootRom program.
For example, the initial 16-bit start control information is as follows:
00011011 0010 1100
the start control information indicates that, using the index start mode, the start media interface is 0010 encoded interface and the channel value of the interface is 1.
In one embodiment, when the media interfaces and channels addressed to the non-volatile memory record do not find the boot media or the boot media data header information does not match, all the media interfaces and channels are traversed again according to the fixed sequence until the boot media is detected and the boot data exists in the boot media; recording the interface and channel information of the boot medium after successful start and updating the index in the nonvolatile memory.
In one embodiment, when the start is failed, the CRC check value information is read, and after the start failure cause data is acquired, the classified start mode is enabled for debugging according to the start failure data and the classified start information in the first 16-bit start control information in the nonvolatile memory.
Specifically, the classification starting information is stored in the initial 16-bit starting control information of the nonvolatile memory, 14 bits represent whether classification starting is started, 13 bits represent a classification starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classification starting channel value, 7-0 bits represent preset priorities of 4 different guiding modes of the same type, 7-6 bits represent a starting guiding mode coding value of a first step of a priority level, 5-4 bits represent a starting guiding mode coding value of a second step of the priority level, 3-2 bits represent a starting guiding mode coding value of a third step of the priority level and 1-0 bits represent a starting guiding mode coding value of a fourth step of the priority level, and the priorities corresponding to the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step are sequentially increased; the priorities of the first step, the second step, the third step and the fourth step may be sequentially decreased. For example, a bit of 7-6 represents the coding value of the boot strap method with the highest priority, a bit of 5-4 represents the coding value of the boot strap method with the second highest priority, a bit of 3-2 represents the coding value of the boot strap method with the third highest priority, and a bit of 1-0 represents the coding value of the boot strap method with the fourth highest priority, which can be adjusted according to specific situations to achieve the optimal debugging speed.
In one embodiment, a type value corresponding to 13 bits in the start control information is read, when the type value represents a board-level storage class, the board-level storage is traversed to search for a start medium, when the type value represents a board-level interface class, a board-level interface is traversed to search for a start medium, and the embedded chip system is restarted through the searched start medium.
Specifically, the NOR FLASH, NAND FLASH, and eMMC are classified into board level storage classes, and the USB and SDIO are classified into board level interface classes. When traversing all media interfaces and channels according to a fixed sequence, the priority of the board-level storage class is higher than that of the board-level interfaces, and the frequently used interfaces are placed in high priority in each class for sorting according to the common use.
In the boot control information for setting the initial 16 bits of the nonvolatile memory in BootRom, when a classification boot mode is started, the default of the 13bit position is 1, which represents using a board-level storage class for booting, and if the classification boot mode is modified to 0, which represents using a board-level interface class for booting, for convenience of understanding, the following examples are given:
in BootRom, the boot code has a rule that when the class boot is applied, the NOR FLASH code value is 00, the NAND FLASH code value is 01, the eMMC code value is 10, the USB code value is 00, and the SDIO code value is 01. The initial 16-bit startup control information of the nonvolatile memory is as follows:
11010010 0100 0110
the above start control information represents: the method comprises the steps that a 14-bit value is 1 to indicate that classified starting is enabled, a 13-bit value is 1 to indicate that a started type bit characterizes board-level storage class, a board-level storage class interface with a starting code value of 10 is firstly detected according to a value of 0-7bit and a preset rule in BootRom, wherein the detection indicates that eMMC is firstly detected, then a value of 11-bit is 0, which indicates a 0 channel of the eMMC, a classified starting sequence can be obtained according to the starting control information, the 0 channel of the eMMC is firstly detected, if the starting medium exists, the starting medium is read for starting, if the starting medium does not detect, the 1 channel of the NAND FLASH is detected, if the starting medium exists, the starting medium is read for starting, if the starting medium does not detect, the 0 channel of the interface with the code of 11 is detected next, if the starting medium exists, the starting medium is read for starting, if the starting medium does not detect, the starting medium exists, and the 0 channel of the NOR FLASH is circularly detected.
In one embodiment, when the odd check of the initial 16-bit start control information stored in the nonvolatile memory fails, the values of the classification start field and the index start field are both indicated as off or on, and the priority code values of 0-7 bits are equal under the condition that the classification start is effective, the embedded chip is started in a traversal mode according to a fixed start sequence.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a method of index launching is represented, comprising the steps of:
step S502, start-up is started.
Step S504, whether index starting information exists in the EEPROM is read.
The index starting information is stored in the initial 16-bit starting control information of the EEPROM, if the index starting information is stored in the EEPROM, the step S506 is performed, and if the index starting information is not stored in the EEPROM, the step S512 is performed.
Step S506, detecting a media interface and a channel corresponding to the query index information.
The index information corresponds to interface channel information in the BootRom program, and BootRom guides the system to find a medium interface and a channel where the starting medium is located through the read index information.
Step S508, detecting whether there is a start medium in the corresponding media interface channel.
If the corresponding media interface detects a start-up media, the process goes to step S510, and if the corresponding media interface does not detect a start-up media, the process goes to step S512.
Step S510, determine whether the startup media data header information matches.
The header information of the boot media data is used to detect whether the boot media data is consistent with the boot media data recorded by the last index record, if so, the step S514 is executed, and if not, the step S512 is executed.
And step S512, traversing and starting according to a fixed sequence.
The embedded chip system traverses all system interfaces in a fixed sequence for starting and detects all system interfaces, and if starting medium equipment exists, the embedded chip system is started by reading data of the starting medium equipment.
Step S514, read the boot data in the boot medium to the DDR and perform CRC check.
Step S516, reading the startup data in the DDR and performing CRC check.
Step S518, index startup is completed.
In one embodiment, the CRC check includes a hardware CRC check and a software CRC check, where the hardware CRC refers to a hardware CRC interface supported inside the chip, and the software CRC refers to a code in the BootRom program that can implement the CRC check.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the boot start method of the embedded chip further includes the following steps:
step S602, reading the startup data to perform startup initialization according to the acquired media interface and channel.
Step S604, perform a first CRC check value calculation on the startup data, and compare the first CRC check value with an external check value.
And the external check value is a CRC check value corresponding to the correct CRC check of the starting data checked by the external equipment.
Step S606, determining whether the check contrast values are consistent.
If the comparison check values are consistent, the process proceeds to step S608, and if the comparison check values are not consistent, the process proceeds to step S610.
In step S608, boot data is imported to the DDR.
Step S610, pushing the first CRC check failure information and restarting.
Step S612, performing a second CRC check value calculation on the stored data in the DDR, and comparing the second CRC check value with the external check value.
Step S614, determining whether the comparison check values are consistent.
If the comparison values are consistent, step 618 is entered, and if the comparison values are not consistent, step 616 is entered
Step S616, pushing the second CRC failure information and restarting.
In step S618, reading data in the DDR starts.
Specifically, in the starting process, if the prompt information of the first check value error occurs, it can be indicated that the data is read from the starting medium wrongly, if the first check is correct in the data reading stage, the data stored in the DDR is checked for the second time, if the check is wrong, it can be determined that the DDR is unstable and the data is abnormal, if the CRC checks for two times are correct, but the starting is wrong, it can be determined that the code is wrong, and the code logic related to the printing prompt information can be checked.
It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of fig. 2, 5, and 6 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not limited to being performed in the exact order illustrated and, unless explicitly stated herein, may be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 2, 5, and 6 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performing the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternatingly with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, there is provided an embedded chip boot startup device 700, comprising: a start information storage module 701, a start mode control module 702, a start medium detection module 703 and a CRC check module 704, wherein:
and a start information storage module 701, configured to store start information.
And a starting mode control module 702 for controlling the chip starting mode.
And an activation medium detection module 703 for detecting an external activation medium.
And a CRC check module 704, configured to check consistency of the startup data.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining index information corresponding to a guide medium stored in an EEPROM in a starting information storage module 701, reading index information searched in the EEPROM by a starting mode control module 702, obtaining a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guide medium by a starting medium detection module 703 according to the index information in the EEPROM, reading starting data to start according to the obtained medium interface and channel, performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) through a CRC check module 704, and when the starting fails, reading CRC check value information and obtaining starting failure reason data.
In one embodiment, when the start information storage module 701 cannot find the index information corresponding to the boot media in the EEPROM, all the media interfaces and channels are traversed according to a fixed sequence until the boot media is monitored and the start data exists, the start data in the boot media is read for starting, the media interfaces and the channel information corresponding to the boot media after successful starting are recorded in the EEPROM of the start information storage module 701, and the index information corresponding to the boot media is generated.
In one embodiment, the index information is stored in the initial 16-bit start control information of the EEPROM, wherein 15 bits represent odd check bits of the remaining 14-0 bits, 13 bits represent a channel value of the index start type, 12 bits represent whether to use the index start and 11-8 bits represent interface information of the index start.
In one embodiment, the starting mode control module 702 can also start a classified starting mode for debugging according to the starting failure data and the classified starting information in the first 16-bit starting control information in the EEPROM; the classified starting information is stored in the starting control information of an initial 16-bit EEPROM, 14 bits represent whether classified starting is started or not, 13 bits represent a classified starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classified starting channel value, 7-0 bits represent preset priorities of 4 different guide modes of the same type, 7-6 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the highest priority, 5-4 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the second highest priority, 3-2 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the third highest priority and 1-0 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the fourth highest priority.
In one embodiment, a type value corresponding to 13 bits in the start control information is read, when the type value represents a board-level storage class, the board-level storage is traversed to search for a start medium, when the type value represents a board-level interface class, the board-level interface is traversed to search for the start medium, and the embedded chip system is restarted through the searched start medium.
In one embodiment, CRC check module 704 further comprises: reading starting data to carry out starting initialization according to the acquired medium interface and the acquired channel; and performing first CRC (cyclic redundancy check) value calculation on the starting data, comparing the first CRC value with an external check value, wherein the external check value is a corresponding CRC value when the external equipment CRC check starting data is correct, if the external equipment CRC value is the same, importing the starting data into a volatile memory, if the external equipment CRC value is not the same, pushing first CRC check failure information and restarting, performing second CRC value calculation on stored data in the volatile memory, comparing the second CRC value with the external check value, and if the external equipment CRC value is not the same, pushing second CRC check failure information and restarting.
In one embodiment, when the media interfaces and channels addressed to the nonvolatile memory record do not find the boot media or the boot media data header information does not match, all the media interfaces and channels are traversed again according to the fixed sequence until the boot media are detected and the boot data exists in the boot media, the interface and channel information of the boot media after the boot is successful is recorded, and the index in the nonvolatile memory is updated.
The specific definition of the embedded chip boot starting apparatus can be referred to the definition of the embedded chip boot starting method above, and is not described herein again. The modules in the embedded chip boot startup device can be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent from a processor in the computer device, and can also be stored in a memory in the computer device in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the modules.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in fig. 8. The computer device comprises a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen and an input device which are connected through a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement an embedded chip boot start method. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 8 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
searching index information corresponding to the guide medium in a nonvolatile memory;
reading the index information searched in the nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to a guide medium according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory;
reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on the starting data;
and when the starting fails, reading the CRC value information to acquire the starting failure reason data.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program further performs the steps of:
when the index information corresponding to the guide medium cannot be found in the nonvolatile memory, traversing all medium interfaces and channels according to a fixed sequence until the guide medium is detected and starting data exists, and reading the starting data in the guide medium for starting;
recording the media interface and channel information corresponding to the successfully started boot media into the nonvolatile memory, and generating index information corresponding to the detection boot media.
In one embodiment, the index information is stored in the initial 16-bit start control information of the nonvolatile memory, wherein 15 bits represent odd check bits of the remaining 14-0 bits, 13 bits represent a channel value of the index start type, 12 bits represent whether to use the index start and 11-8 bits represent interface information of the index start.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
starting a classification starting mode for debugging according to the starting failure data and classification starting information in the first 16bit starting control information in the nonvolatile memory;
the method comprises the steps that classification starting information is stored in starting control information of an initial 16-bit nonvolatile memory, 14 bits represent whether classification starting is started or not, 13 bits represent a classification starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classification starting channel value, 7-0 bits represent preset priorities of 4 different guide modes of the same type, 7-6 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the highest priority, 5-4 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the second highest priority, 3-2 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the third highest priority and 1-0bit represents a starting guide mode code value with the fourth highest priority.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program further performs the steps of:
reading a type value corresponding to 13bit in the starting control information;
traversing the board-level storage to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level storage class;
traversing the board-level interface to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level interface type;
and restarting the chip through the searched starting medium.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program further performs the steps of:
reading starting data to carry out starting initialization according to the acquired medium interface and the acquired channel; performing first CRC check value calculation on the starting data, and comparing the first CRC check value with an external check value, wherein the external check value is a corresponding CRC check value when the external equipment CRC check starting data is correct;
if the data are the same, the starting data are imported into the volatile memory;
if not, pushing first CRC check failure information and restarting;
performing second CRC value calculation on the stored data in the volatile memory, and comparing the second CRC value with an external check value;
and if not, pushing second CRC check failure information and restarting.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
when the media interfaces and channels which are addressed to the nonvolatile memory record do not find the starting media or the starting media data header information does not match, traversing all the media interfaces and channels according to the fixed sequence again until the guide media are detected and the starting data exist in the guide media;
recording the interface and channel information of the boot medium after successful start and updating the index in the nonvolatile memory.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
searching index information corresponding to the guide medium in a nonvolatile memory;
reading the index information searched in the nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to a guide medium according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory;
reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check);
and when the starting fails, reading the CRC information to obtain the starting failure reason data.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program further performs the steps of:
when the index information corresponding to the guide medium cannot be found in the nonvolatile memory, traversing all medium interfaces and channels according to a fixed sequence until the guide medium is detected and starting data exists, and reading the starting data in the guide medium for starting;
recording the media interface and channel information corresponding to the boot media after successful start to the nonvolatile memory, and generating index information corresponding to the detection boot media.
In one embodiment, the index information is stored in the initial 16-bit start control information of the nonvolatile memory, wherein 15 bits represent odd check bits of the remaining 14-0 bits, 13 bits represent a channel value of the index start type, 12 bits represent whether to use the index start and 11-8 bits represent interface information of the index start.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program further performs the steps of:
starting a classification starting mode for debugging according to the starting failure data and classification starting information in the first 16bit starting control information in the nonvolatile memory;
the method comprises the steps that classification starting information is stored in starting control information of an initial 16-bit nonvolatile memory, 14 bits represent whether classification starting is started or not, 13 bits represent a classification starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classification starting channel value, 7-0 bits represent preset priorities of 4 different guide modes of the same type, 7-6 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the highest priority, 5-4 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the second highest priority, 3-2 bits represent a starting guide mode code value with the third highest priority and 1-0bit represents a starting guide mode code value with the fourth highest priority.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
reading a type value corresponding to 13bit in the starting control information;
traversing the board-level storage to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level storage class;
traversing the board-level interface to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level interface type;
and restarting the embedded chip system through the searched starting medium.
In one embodiment, the processor when executing the computer program further performs the steps of:
reading starting data to carry out starting initialization according to the acquired medium interface and the acquired channel; performing first CRC value calculation on the starting data, and comparing the first CRC value with an external check value, wherein the external check value is a corresponding CRC value when the external equipment CRC checks that the starting data is correct;
if the data are the same, the starting data are imported into the volatile memory;
if not, pushing first CRC check failure information and restarting;
performing second CRC value calculation on the stored data in the volatile memory, and comparing the second CRC value with an external check value;
and if not, pushing second CRC check failure information and restarting.
In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further performs the steps of:
when the media interfaces and channels which are addressed to the nonvolatile memory record do not find the starting media or the starting media data header information does not match, traversing all the media interfaces and channels according to the fixed sequence again until the guide media are detected and the starting data exist in the guide media;
recording the interface and channel information of the boot medium after successful start and updating the index in the nonvolatile memory.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above may be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which may be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, may include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), rambus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An embedded chip boot startup method, the method comprising:
searching index information corresponding to the guide medium in a nonvolatile memory;
reading the index information searched in the nonvolatile memory;
acquiring a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guide medium according to the index information in the nonvolatile memory;
reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, and performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check);
when the starting fails, reading CRC (cyclic redundancy check) value information to acquire starting failure reason data;
the reading of the starting data in the external starting medium according to the acquired medium interface and channel and the performing of the CRC check comprise:
reading starting data to carry out starting initialization according to the acquired medium interface and the acquired channel;
performing first CRC value calculation on the starting data, and comparing the first CRC value with an external check value, wherein the external check value is a corresponding CRC value when the starting data CRC check is correct;
if the data are the same, the starting data are imported into a volatile memory;
if not, pushing first CRC check failure information and restarting;
performing second CRC check value calculation on the stored data in the volatile memory, and comparing the second CRC check value with the external check value;
if not, pushing second CRC check failure information and restarting;
when the starting fails, reading the CRC value information, and after acquiring the starting failure reason data, the method further comprises the following steps:
starting a classification starting mode for debugging according to the starting failure data and classification starting information in the first 16bit starting control information in the nonvolatile memory;
the classification starting information is stored in the initial 16-bit starting control information of the nonvolatile memory, 14 bits represent whether classification starting is started, 13 bits represent a classification starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classification starting channel value, and 7-0 bits represent the preset priorities of 4 different guiding modes of the same type.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after searching the index information corresponding to the boot media in the non-volatile memory, the method further comprises:
when the index information corresponding to the guide medium cannot be found in the nonvolatile memory, traversing all medium interfaces and channels according to a fixed sequence until the guide medium is detected and starting data exists, and reading the starting data in the guide medium for starting;
recording the media interface and channel information corresponding to the boot media after successful start to a nonvolatile memory, and generating index information corresponding to the boot media.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the index information is stored in the initial 16-bit start control information of the nonvolatile memory, wherein 15 bits represent odd parity bits of the remaining 14-0 bits, 13 bits represent a channel value of an index start type, 12 bits represent whether to use index start and 11-8 bits represent interface information of index start.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the classification start information, 7-6 bits represent a start pilot mode code value of a first step of priority, 5-4 bits represent a start pilot mode code value of a second step of priority, 3-2 bits represent a start pilot mode code value of a third step of priority, and 1-0bit represents a start pilot mode code value of a fourth step of priority, and the priorities of the first step, the second step, the third step, and the fourth step are sequentially increased or decreased.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein enabling the class boot mode for debugging comprises:
reading a type value corresponding to 13bit in the starting control information;
traversing the board-level storage to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level storage class;
traversing the board-level interface to search a starting medium when the type value represents the board-level interface type;
and restarting the chip through the searched starting medium.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining, according to the index information, a media interface and a channel corresponding to the boot media stored in the nonvolatile memory includes:
when the media interfaces and channels which are addressed to the nonvolatile memory record do not find the starting media or the starting media data header information does not match, traversing all the media interfaces and channels according to the fixed sequence again until the guide media are detected and the starting data exist in the guide media;
recording the interface and channel information of the boot medium after successful start and updating the index in the nonvolatile memory.
7. An embedded chip boot starter, the apparatus comprising:
the starting information storage module is used for storing starting information;
the starting mode control module is used for controlling the chip starting mode;
the starting medium detection module is used for detecting an external starting medium;
the CRC checking module is used for checking the consistency of the starting data;
the device is also used for acquiring index information corresponding to a guide medium stored in the EEPROM in the starting information storage module, reading the index information searched in the EEPROM by the starting mode control module, starting the medium detection module to acquire a medium interface and a channel corresponding to the guide medium according to the index information in the EEPROM, reading starting data to start according to the acquired medium interface and channel, performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) through the CRC check module, and when the starting fails, reading CRC check value information and acquiring starting failure reason data; the starting mode control module is also used for starting a classified starting mode to debug according to the starting failure data and the classified starting information in the starting control information of the first 16 bits in the EEPROM; the classified starting information is stored in the initial 16-bit starting control information of the EEPROM, 14 bits represent whether the classified starting is started, 13 bits represent a classified starting type value, 11-8 bits represent a classified starting channel value, and 7-0 bits represent the preset priorities of 4 different guiding modes of the same type;
the CRC check module further comprises: reading starting data to carry out starting initialization according to the acquired medium interface and the acquired channel; and performing first CRC (cyclic redundancy check) value calculation on the starting data, comparing the first CRC value with an external check value, wherein the external check value is a corresponding CRC value when the external equipment CRC check starting data is correct, if the external equipment CRC value is the same, importing the starting data into a volatile memory, if the external equipment CRC value is not the same, pushing first CRC check failure information and restarting, performing second CRC value calculation on stored data in the volatile memory, comparing the second CRC value with the external check value, and if the external equipment CRC value is not the same, pushing second CRC check failure information and restarting.
8. The device according to claim 7, wherein when the boot information storage module cannot find the index information corresponding to the boot media in the EEPROM, all media interfaces and channels are traversed in a fixed order until the boot media is monitored and the boot data exists, the boot data in the boot media is read for booting, the media interfaces and the channel information corresponding to the boot media after successful booting are recorded in the EEPROM of the boot information storage module, and the index information corresponding to the boot media is generated.
9. A computer arrangement comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN113064646A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-02 | 山东英信计算机技术有限公司 | BIOS starting method, system and related device |
| CN113467841A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-10-01 | 翱捷智能科技(上海)有限公司 | Dual-operating-system equipment and quick sleeping and awakening method thereof |
| CN114780153B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-08-08 | 深圳曦华科技有限公司 | Boot program starting method and related device |
| CN115454517B (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-10 | 山东云海国创云计算装备产业创新中心有限公司 | Method, system, storage medium, device and chip for multi-medium secure boot |
| CN116176461B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-11 | 亿咖通(湖北)技术有限公司 | Display method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium of vehicle-mounted instrument interface |
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